{
  "artifact_type": "conference_abstract_archive",
  "created_at_utc": "2026-08-04T14:30:38.623150+00:00",
  "source": {
    "conference_url": "https://www.aan.com/events/autoimmune-neurology-conference",
    "official_program_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Index/57",
    "official_abstract_search_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Programs/57?searchTypes=99",
    "source_record_count": 289,
    "source_access": "Public record-specific HTML pages"
  },
  "meeting": {
    "name": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
    "short_name": "AAN Autoimmune Neurology 2026",
    "dates": "7-8 August 2026",
    "location": "Marriott Marquis Houston, Houston, Texas, and online",
    "organizer": "American Academy of Neurology"
  },
  "record_count": 289,
  "source_record_count": 289,
  "filter": {
    "description": "All abstracts returned by the official AAN meeting search with searchTypes=99.",
    "included_record_count": 289,
    "excluded_record_count": 0
  },
  "extraction_summary": {
    "official_result_pages": 6,
    "official_detail_pages": 289,
    "records_with_structured_sections": 289,
    "records_with_affiliations": 236,
    "poster_only_records": 259,
    "poster_and_short_presentation_records": 30
  },
  "limitations": [
    "This archive is a point-in-time extraction of public AAN meeting-search pages; rerun the builder to capture later official corrections.",
    "Affiliations are included only where the official author/disclosure table displays an affiliation next to an author.",
    "Institution profiles are directional because the source exposes free-text affiliations rather than a normalized institution registry.",
    "The AAN source labels oral selections as seminar appearances; this archive calls records shown in both a poster session and seminar a short abstract presentation."
  ],
  "tracks": [
    {
      "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "count": 289
    }
  ],
  "session_types": [
    {
      "name": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "count": 259
    },
    {
      "name": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "count": 30
    }
  ],
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      "name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
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      "structured_record_count": 16,
      "oral_presentation_count": 6,
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        {
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          "count": 16
        }
      ],
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          "name": "Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 15
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "count": 10
        },
        {
          "name": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 10
        },
        {
          "name": "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Clinic Health System",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Seoul National University Hospital",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
          "count": 2
        }
      ],
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        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "count": 10
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "count": 9
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "count": 6
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills",
          "count": 5
        },
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Surendra Dasari",
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        },
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          "name": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
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        {
          "name": "University of Colorado",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
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          "count": 3
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        {
          "name": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
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        },
        {
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        {
          "name": "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
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        }
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        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock",
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        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
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        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrea Stabile",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
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          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 10
        },
        {
          "name": "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah Health",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Johns Hopkins University",
          "count": 2
        }
      ],
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          "name": "Andrew McKeon",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
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        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "count": 8
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        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
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        },
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        {
          "name": "John R. Mills",
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          "name": "Andrea Stabile",
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        "AAN-65294"
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        },
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        },
        {
          "name": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 6
        },
        {
          "name": "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Lyon University Hospital",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
          "count": 2
        }
      ],
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        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "count": 8
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
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        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
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        {
          "name": "Michael Levy",
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        },
        {
          "name": "John Chen",
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        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Romain Marignier",
          "count": 3
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        "AAN-65084",
        "AAN-65200",
        "AAN-65201",
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        "AAN-65204",
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        "AAN-65232",
        "AAN-65264",
        "AAN-65266",
        "AAN-65282",
        "AAN-65293",
        "AAN-65296",
        "AAN-65309"
      ]
    },
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      "name": "Andrew McKeon",
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        },
        {
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        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "count": 10
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Colorado",
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        {
          "name": "Thomas Jefferson University",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
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        {
          "name": "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
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        },
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          "name": "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
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        },
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          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
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        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
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        {
          "name": "John R. Mills",
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        {
          "name": "Andrea Stabile",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
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        "AAN-65176",
        "AAN-65204",
        "AAN-65222",
        "AAN-65223",
        "AAN-65229",
        "AAN-65232",
        "AAN-65233",
        "AAN-65264",
        "AAN-65266",
        "AAN-65282",
        "AAN-65293",
        "AAN-65294"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Stacey Clardy",
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          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 11
        }
      ],
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          "name": "University of Utah",
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        },
        {
          "name": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "count": 7
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah Health",
          "count": 6
        },
        {
          "name": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "count": 5
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 5
        },
        {
          "name": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "London Health Sciences Centre",
          "count": 3
        }
      ],
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        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "count": 6
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "count": 5
        },
        {
          "name": "Sydney Lee",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "count": 4
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        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Kyle M. Blackburn",
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        "AAN-65178",
        "AAN-65201",
        "AAN-65222",
        "AAN-65223",
        "AAN-65296",
        "AAN-65297",
        "AAN-65314",
        "AAN-65356"
      ]
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          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
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          "name": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Clinic",
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        {
          "name": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
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        },
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          "name": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "count": 2
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          "name": "Stacey Clardy",
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          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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        {
          "name": "Kyle M. Blackburn",
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          "name": "Tammy L. Smith",
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        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "count": 2
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        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Joao Vitor Mahler",
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        {
          "name": "Fabian Murillo",
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      ],
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        "AAN-65113",
        "AAN-65201",
        "AAN-65203",
        "AAN-65222",
        "AAN-65223",
        "AAN-65356"
      ]
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    {
      "name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
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      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
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        }
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          "name": "Mayo Clinic",
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        },
        {
          "name": "London Health Sciences Centre",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Colorado",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "National University Hospital",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 3
        }
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        {
          "name": "Justin Abbatemarco",
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        {
          "name": "Adrian Budhram",
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          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Livia A. Dutra",
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          "name": "Andrew McKeon",
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          "name": "Amanda L. Piquet",
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          "name": "Amy M. Quek",
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        "AAN-65223",
        "AAN-65278",
        "AAN-65291",
        "AAN-65294",
        "AAN-65296"
      ]
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          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
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        }
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        },
        {
          "name": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "count": 7
        },
        {
          "name": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah Health",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Primary Children's Eccles",
          "count": 2
        },
        {
          "name": "University Hospital of Zurich",
          "count": 2
        }
      ],
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        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "count": 7
        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Sydney Lee",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Trout",
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        "AAN-65099",
        "AAN-65102",
        "AAN-65113",
        "AAN-65178",
        "AAN-65222",
        "AAN-65223",
        "AAN-65297"
      ]
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          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
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          "name": "Mayo Clinic",
          "count": 5
        },
        {
          "name": "Erasmus Medical Center",
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        },
        {
          "name": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "IDIBAPS",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah Health",
          "count": 2
        }
      ],
      "coauthors": [
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "count": 4
        },
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Livia A. Dutra",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Francesc R. Graus",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerome Honnorat",
          "count": 3
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
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        }
      ],
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        "AAN-65222",
        "AAN-65223",
        "AAN-65291",
        "AAN-65302",
        "AAN-65342"
      ]
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          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
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        }
      ],
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        {
          "name": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "count": 6
        },
        {
          "name": "Emory University",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah Health",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Work",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "University of Utah",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "coauthors": [
        {
          "name": "Danielle Pitter",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Conor Kelly",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Lauren Bell",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Stuart J. Duffield",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Osman Corbali",
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        },
        {
          "name": "Julien Cavanagh",
          "count": 1
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        {
          "name": "Katherine Russell",
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          "name": "Logan J. Harper",
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          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
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          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
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          "name": "Amy M. Quek",
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          "name": "Usama Khan",
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          "name": "Francesc R. Graus",
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          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
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          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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          "name": "Sadie McGreer",
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          "name": "Justin Abbatemarco",
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          "name": "Bettina Balint",
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          "name": "Livia A. Dutra",
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        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
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          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
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          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
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          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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        {
          "name": "Francesc R. Graus",
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        {
          "name": "Jerome Honnorat",
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        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
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        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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          "name": "Sadie McGreer",
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        {
          "name": "Justin Abbatemarco",
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          "name": "Bettina Balint",
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        {
          "name": "Thais Armangue",
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        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
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        {
          "name": "Antonia Lefter",
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          "name": "Tania Kuempfel",
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        {
          "name": "Jacqueline Palace",
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        {
          "name": "Zsolt L. Illes",
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          "name": "Friedemann Paul",
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          "name": "Georgina Arrambide",
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          "name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat",
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          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
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          "name": "Dan Case",
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          "name": "Ho Jin Kim",
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          "name": "Jin Nakahara",
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          "name": "Sam Hooshmand",
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          "name": "Ho Jin Kim",
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          "name": "Jin Nakahara",
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          "name": "Naoki Takegami",
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          "name": "James F. Meschia",
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          "name": "Bjorn E. Oskarsson",
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          "name": "Anushka Irani",
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          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
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          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
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          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
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          "name": "Friedemann Paul",
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          "name": "Romain Marignier",
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          "name": "Tania Kuempfel",
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          "name": "Jacqueline Palace",
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          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
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          "name": "Michael Levy",
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          "name": "Antonia Lefter",
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          "name": "Zsolt L. Illes",
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          "name": "Ryan Kammeyer",
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          "name": "Kristen Fisher",
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          "name": "Ilana L. Kahn",
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          "name": "Leigh N. Sepeta",
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          "name": "Alexander Sandweiss",
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          "name": "Varun Kannan",
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          "name": "Danielle Pitter",
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          "name": "Lucas Horta",
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          "name": "Ilana L. Kahn",
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          "name": "Leigh N. Sepeta",
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        {
          "name": "Zhulin He",
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          "name": "James N. Brenton",
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          "name": "Varun Kannan",
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          "name": "Grace Gombolay",
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          "name": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil",
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          "name": "Madeleine H. McLaughlin",
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          "name": "Ilana L. Kahn",
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          "name": "Leigh N. Sepeta",
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          "name": "Zhulin He",
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          "name": "Maria I. Leite",
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          "name": "Sara Mariotto",
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          "name": "Yoji Hoshina",
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          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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          "name": "Bettina Balint",
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          "name": "Maria I. Leite",
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          "name": "Emma Ciafaloni",
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          "name": "John Vissing",
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          "name": "Soon-Tae Lee",
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          "name": "Soo Hyun Ahn",
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          "name": "Surendra Dasari",
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          "name": "Kon Chu",
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          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
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          "name": "Soo Jean Shin",
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          "name": "Yoonhyuk Jang",
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          "name": "David R. Benavides",
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          "name": "Sarah E. Fredrich",
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          "name": "Audrey Lawrence",
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          "name": "Haroon Z. Ahmad",
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          "name": "Lily Pham",
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          "name": "Anjeli Inscore, PsyD",
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          "name": "Yuyoung Joo",
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          "name": "Prajwal Ciryam",
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      "name": "University of Minnesota",
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          "name": "Jeffrey A. Allen",
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        {
          "name": "Chafic Y. Karam",
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          "name": "Geoffrey Istas",
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          "name": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa",
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        {
          "name": "Alexander H. Morrison",
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        {
          "name": "Mia Weisman",
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        {
          "name": "Waleed Khan",
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          "name": "Srikanth Muppidi",
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          "name": "Heather Yong",
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          "name": "Ronak K. Kapadia",
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          "name": "Cailey Turner",
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          "name": "Tajdin Jadavji",
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        {
          "name": "Luis Murguía-Favela",
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          "name": "Alex Vu",
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          "name": "Shaza Almweisheer",
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          "name": "Megan A. Yaraskavitch",
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          "name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez",
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          "name": "Jade Thomas",
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          "name": "Saaniya Bagdadi",
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          "name": "Manali Desai",
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        {
          "name": "Hanna Malik",
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        {
          "name": "Katherine A. Zarroli",
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        {
          "name": "Haatem M. Reda",
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          "name": "Nagagopal Venna",
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        {
          "name": "Luis Querol",
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        {
          "name": "Richard A. Lewis",
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        {
          "name": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
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        {
          "name": "Jeffrey C. Allen",
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        {
          "name": "Filip Eftimov",
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        {
          "name": "Stojan Peric",
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        {
          "name": "Tina Dysgaard",
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        {
          "name": "Yusuf Rajabally",
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        "AAN-65338"
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        {
          "name": "Sahithi Avva",
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        {
          "name": "Abdul Rahman Alchaki",
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        {
          "name": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban",
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        {
          "name": "Robert G. Smith",
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        {
          "name": "Ashley E. Aaroe",
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          "name": "Gloria Sura",
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          "name": "Divyanshu Chopra",
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        "AAN-65370"
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          "name": "Ashley E. Aaroe",
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        {
          "name": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor",
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          "name": "Shekhar Khanpara",
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        {
          "name": "Sahithi Avva",
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          "name": "Gloria Sura",
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        {
          "name": "Rutu Patel, PA",
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        "AAN-65344"
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          "name": "Sepideh Mokhtari",
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        {
          "name": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer",
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        {
          "name": "Yolanda Pina",
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        {
          "name": "Peter Forsyth",
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        {
          "name": "David Iacono",
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        {
          "name": "Husayn Jaffer",
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          "name": "Lisa K. Peterson",
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          "name": "Tammy L. Smith",
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          "name": "Suzanne Liu",
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          "name": "Stacey Clardy",
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          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
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          "name": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
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          "name": "James F. Howard, Jr",
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        {
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          "name": "Maria I. Leite",
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          "name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
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          "name": "John Vissing",
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          "name": "Luis Querol",
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        {
          "name": "Richard A. Lewis",
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          "name": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
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        {
          "name": "Jeffrey C. Allen",
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        {
          "name": "Levi C. Shelton",
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          "name": "Rochita Kadam",
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          "name": "Ruba Al-Ramadhani",
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    {
      "name": "WVU Neurology",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Mohammad Hani",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "MOHAMMAD ALKHALDI",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Hafiz Talha Javed",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Mohamad M. Assker",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Rucha Bahekar",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Parissa A. Feizi",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Shitiz K. Sriwastava",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65097"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Washington University",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Taqua Tabassum",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Anna Scholz",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65256"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Washington University School of Med",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Gregory S. Day",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "James C. Torner",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher Coffey",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "David B. Clifford",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Ursula Utz",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric Klawiter",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "J. R. Singleton",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65178"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Washington University in St. Louis",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Ekta G. Shah",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Madeleine H. McLaughlin",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Grace Gombolay",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Varun Kannan",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Shayan Monabbati",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Eswar Damaraju",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Adam Goldman-Yassen",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65318"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Wayne State University Physicians Group, Department of Neurology",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Marta Paratsii",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Omar Hage-Hassan",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Philip M. Ross",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Morgan Aguirre",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Wazim Mohamed",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65233"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Nirbha Ghurye",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Natasha Hameed",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Omar Akhand",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65166"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "argenx US",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Ohimai Unoje",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeff Guptill",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Raphael Bilgraer",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Anne-Gaelle Dosne",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Sophie Steeland",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristin Heerlein",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Tony J. Vangeneugden",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria Ramos-Masa",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65181"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "argenx, Ghent, Belgium",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Benjamin Knier",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Jana Zschüntzsch",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Jamie H. Aldridge",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey A. Allen",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Filip Eftimov",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Desiree Gneissl",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Saman Haghighi",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65349"
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "work",
      "record_count": 1,
      "structured_record_count": 1,
      "oral_presentation_count": 0,
      "tracks": [
        {
          "name": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "authors": [
        {
          "name": "Apeksha Pokalkar",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Pranav Prabu",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Soumya Shrigiri",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Mahathi Krishna Gudapati",
          "count": 1
        },
        {
          "name": "Elif P. Coskun",
          "count": 1
        }
      ],
      "abstract_uids": [
        "AAN-65197"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sessions": [
    {
      "id": "22364",
      "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
      "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
      "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
      "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "CME Available": "No CME available"
    },
    {
      "id": "22365",
      "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
      "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
      "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
      "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "CME Available": "No CME available"
    },
    {
      "id": "22366",
      "title": "C4 - Neuro-rheumatology",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22366",
      "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN, Melissa A. Wright, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and neurological complications associated with systemic vasculitis, IgG4-related disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjögren’s syndrome; differentiate key neurological manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and apply appropriate diagnostic strategies to facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis; and evaluate current and emerging treatment approaches for neuro-rheumatologic disorders and integrate evidence-based management strategies into clinical practice.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22367",
      "title": "C5 - Inflammatory Myopathies and Autoimmune Neuromuscular Junction Disorders",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22367",
      "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
      "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by educational grants from Alexion Pharmaceuticals and argenx US Inc.",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Thomas E. Lloyd, MD, PhD, Ericka P. Greene, MD, FAAN",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify the clinical features, electrophysiologic findings, and serologic markers that aid in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders and inflammatory myopathies; apply current diagnostic criteria and testing strategies to differentiate inflammatory myopathies from other causes of muscle weakness and neuromuscular dysfunction; and evaluate evidence-based treatment options for inflammatory myopathies, including immunomodulatory therapies, and develop individualized management plans based on disease subtype, severity, and patient-specific factors.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22368",
      "title": "C6 - Genetics and Neurological Autoimmunity",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22368",
      "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Jennifer L. Orthmann Murphy, MD, PhD, E. Ann Yeh, MD, MA, FRCPC",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical, radiologic, and genetic features of adult-onset genetic central nervous system disorders, including leukodystrophies, that may mimic acquired neuroinflammatory diseases; differentiate neurological manifestations of autoinflammatory syndromes, inborn errors of immunity, and autoimmune neurological disorders to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide appropriate testing; and apply current evidence regarding the evaluation and management of neurological complications associated with genetic and immune-mediated disorders, including CTLA-4-related disease and other disorders of immune tolerance.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Advanced",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22371",
      "title": "C9 - Aquaporin-4 Antibody Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disease (NMOSD)",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22371",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Marcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN, Mallory Lowe, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the immunopathogenesis of Aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) antibody-positive Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, including the role of complement-mediated astrocytopathy; apply current diagnostic criteria for NMOSD, including appropriate use and interpretation of AQP4-IgG testing, MRI findings, and supportive clinical features; differentiate NMOSD from multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory, infectious, and vascular myelopathies based on clinical presentation, imaging, and serologic profiles; evaluate acute attack management strategies for NMOSD, including first-line use of high-dose corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and escalation approaches in refractory disease; and develop evidence-based long-term treatment plans for AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD, incorporating recently approved complement inhibitors and other targeted immunotherapies, while balancing relapse prevention and safety considerations.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Introductory",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22372",
      "title": "C10 - Demyelinating Neuropathies",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22372",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
      "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by educational grants from Grifols, CSL, and argenx US Inc.",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Carlayne E. Jackson, MD, FAAN, Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the pathophysiology of Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP); differentiate AIDP from CIDP using clinical features, electrodiagnostic studies, and supportive diagnostic testing; apply a systematic diagnostic approach to inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies and recognize common mimics; select appropriate acute treatments for AIDP, including IVIG and plasma exchange, and identify patients at risk for complications; and develop evidence-based long-term treatment strategies for CIDP, including immunotherapies and monitoring response to therapy.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22373",
      "title": "C11 - Autoimmune and Infectious Encephalitis and Acute Seizures",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22373",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN, Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe key clinical, CSF, imaging, and antibody features of autoimmune encephalitis and infectious encephalitides; differentiate autoimmune and infectious causes of encephalitis and identify common diagnostic pitfalls and sources of misdiagnosis; apply an evidence-based diagnostic approach to suspected encephalitis, including appropriate use of laboratory, imaging, and EEG studies; outline current management strategies for infectious encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis, including timely antimicrobial and immunotherapy use; and summarize updates in the evaluation and treatment of new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE), including consideration of underlying etiologies.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22374",
      "title": "C12 - MOG-antibody Associated Disease",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22374",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
      "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from UCB Inc.",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "E. Ann Yeh, MD, MA, FRCPC, Jodie Roberts, MD, MSc, FRCPC",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the pathophysiology and immunologic basis of MOG-antibody associated disease (MOGAD); recognize the clinical phenotypes and diagnostic criteria used to identify MOGAD across age groups; differentiate MOGAD from related central nervous system demyelinating disorders, including NMOSD and multiple sclerosis; and apply current evidence-based strategies for the acute and long-term management of MOGAD, including relapse prevention.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Introductory",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22375",
      "title": "C13 - Other Inflammatory Neuropathies",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22375",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Rocio Vazquez Do Campo, MD, Anthony A. Amato, MD, FAAN",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify the clinical features and diagnostic approach to peripheral neuropathies associated with monoclonal gammopathies; recognize the presentation, evaluation, and underlying mechanisms of radiculoplexus neuropathies; describe key features of autoimmune autonomic disorders, including clinical manifestations and diagnostic testing strategies; and apply evidence-based approaches to the diagnosis and management of diverse inflammatory and immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22376",
      "title": "C14 - Autoimmune Encephalitis: Pathophysiology to Treatment",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22376",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN, Avi Gadoth, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the immunologic mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying autoimmune encephalitis; recognize the clinical syndromes, diagnostic criteria, and key laboratory and imaging findings associated with autoimmune encephalitis; and apply current evidence-based approaches to the acute and long-term management of autoimmune encephalitis.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Advanced",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22377",
      "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
      "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
      "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "CME Available": "No CME available"
    },
    {
      "id": "22378",
      "title": "C15 - Clinical Approach to Suspected Myelopathy",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22378",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN, Paula Barreras, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify key diagnostic features of autoimmune and inflammatory myelopathies; distinguish inflammatory myelopathies from noninflammatory mimics; and select appropriate diagnostic and treatment approaches for infectious and inflammatory myelopathies.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Introductory",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22379",
      "title": "C16 - Autoimmune Movement Disorders",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22379",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
      "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Andrew McKeon, MD, Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiologic mechanisms of autoimmune movement disorders, including IgLON5 disease and stiff-person spectrum disorders; differentiate autoimmune movement disorders from neurodegenerative, functional, infectious, and other neurological conditions that may present with abnormal movements; and apply evidence-based diagnostic and treatment strategies for patients with suspected autoimmune movement disorders, incorporating current advances in antibody testing, neuroimaging, and immunotherapy.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22380",
      "title": "C17 - Cancer-associated Neurological Autoimmunity",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22380",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Shailee S. Shah, MD, Bianca Santomasso, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify clinical features of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated neurological complications; apply a diagnostic approach to patients with suspected cancer-associated neurological autoimmunity; and implement evidence-based treatment strategies for paraneoplastic and immune-mediated neurological disorders in patients with cancer.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice",
      "Program Level": "Introductory",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Case-based, Didactic, Audience Participation"
    },
    {
      "id": "22381",
      "title": "C18 - Neurosarcoidosis",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22381",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Allen J. Aksamit, Jr., MD, FAAN, Denis T. Balaban, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical features of neurosarcoidosis; apply current diagnostic criteria and evaluation strategies for patients with suspected neurosarcoidosis; and select appropriate treatment approaches for neurosarcoidosis based on disease severity and clinical presentation.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice, Quality Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Case-based, Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22382",
      "title": "C19 - Focus on Emerging Diagnostics",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22382",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Adrian Budhram, MD, Alessandro Dinoto, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to explain current and emerging methods for neural antibody discovery in autoimmune neurology; apply best practices for the interpretation of neural antibody testing and avoidance of diagnostic pitfalls; and assess the clinical utility of neural injury biomarkers in patients with autoimmune neurological disorders.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice, Quality Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Intermediate",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    },
    {
      "id": "22383",
      "title": "C20 - CAR-T Cell Therapies and Neurology",
      "type": "Seminar",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22383",
      "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
      "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
      "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.",
      "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
      "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
      "Event Type": "Seminar",
      "Moderator(s)": "Rachna Malani, MD, Monica E. Loghin, MD",
      "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to explain the fundamental principles and therapeutic uses of CAR-T cell therapies as they relate to neuroimmunology; identify common neurological complications associated with CAR-T cell treatment; and implement appropriate diagnostic and management strategies for patients experiencing CAR-T cell-related neurotoxicity.",
      "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
      "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
      "Program Level": "Advanced",
      "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
      "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
    }
  ],
  "abstracts": [
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65076",
      "source_id": "65076",
      "abstract_number": "1-001",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-001",
      "title": "Central Nervous System Restricted Other Iatrogenic Immunodeficiency-associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Aquaporin-4-IgG Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder",
      "authors": "Sonali Ajwani; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Sonali Ajwani",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sonali Ajwani",
          "normalized_name": "Sonali Ajwani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Ajwani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sonali Ajwani",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sonali Ajwani; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To highlight a rare case of brain lymphoproliferative disease in a patient treated with mycophenolate for aquaporin-4-IgG positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (AQP4+NMOSD).",
        "Background": "AQP4+NMOSD is an autoimmune demyelinating disease that can manifest with attacks of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, area postrema syndrome, or other brainstem or cerebellar deficits. Treatment with older generation immunosuppressive agents may increase the risk of lymphoproliferative disease.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case Report",
        "Results": "A 75-year-old female presented with new onset imbalance and cognitive changes. She has a history of AQP4+NMOSD, first manifesting at age 50 with a longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. She was initially treated as multiple sclerosis with interferon beta-1a but 13 years later tested positive for aquaporin-4-IgG. She was treated with 1000 mg of oral mycophenolate mofetil twice daily. She was stable until 11 years later when she developed recurrent myelitis and oral prednisone 20 mg every other day was added. A few months later, she developed ataxia and cognitive dysfunction, and brain MRI demonstrated multifocal T2-hyperintense lesions within the cerebral white matter bilaterally. Cerebral involvement of AQP4+NMOSD or complications of immunosuppression (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or lymphoproliferative disorder) were considered among the differential diagnoses. Cerebrospinal fluid showed a mildly elevated white blood cell count but negative cytology and flow cytometry, negative JC virus PCR but positive Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) PCR. Peripheral blood EBV PCR was also positive. Brain biopsy was performed and revealed polymorphous lymphoproliferative infiltrate with kappa light chain restricted plasma cells and 50% positive for EBV on in situ hybridization. Central nervous system restricted iatrogenic immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorder was diagnosed. Mycophenolate was discontinued and rituximab was administered with improvement in symptoms and MRI findings 3 months later.",
        "Conclusions": "Treatment of AQP4+NMOSD with long-term oral immunosuppressive agents may increase the risk of lymphoproliferative disease, including those that involve the brain.",
        "Disclosures": "Sonali Ajwani: Miss Ajwani has nothing to disclose.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Treatment of AQP4+NMOSD with long-term oral immunosuppressive agents may increase the risk of lymphoproliferative disease, including those that involve the brain.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65076",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65076",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65077",
      "source_id": "65077",
      "abstract_number": "1-002",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-002",
      "title": "Real-world Clinical Outcomes with Eculizumab and Ravulizumab in Anti-Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive (AQP4-Ab+) Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD): Results From the Global NMO SPOTLIGHT Registry",
      "authors": "Dan Case; Elias S. Sotirchos, MD; Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD; Ho Jin Kim, MD; Jin Nakahara, MD, PhD, FAAN; Veronica A. Tkachuk; Lindsey Przybyl; Sami Fam",
      "presenting_author": "Dan Case",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Dan Case",
          "normalized_name": "Dan Case",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Case has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Mr. Case has or had stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elias S. Sotirchos, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elias S. Sotirchos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Sumaira Foundation. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Astoria Biologica. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Corevitas. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Ad Hoc Reviewer with National Institutes of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medical College of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon pharmaceuticals . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Banner life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi/genzyme. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NMSS and PCORI. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert opinion and key opinion leader with MJH life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Faculty Speaker with CMSC. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board member with CMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with IJMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Reviewer Editor with Frontiers Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee Member with National MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ho Jin Kim, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ho Jin Kim",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Altos Biologics, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Daewoong Pharmaceutical, Kaigene, Kolon Life Science, MDimune, Roche, and Sanofi. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion, AstraZeneca, Eisai, GC Pharma, Merck, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, and Roche. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Journal of Clinical Neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jin Nakahara, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jin Nakahara",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Keio University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Chugai. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for The Japanese Society for Internal Medicine. The institution of Prof. Nakahara has received research support from Chugai. The institution of Prof. Nakahara has received research support from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science."
        },
        {
          "name": "Veronica A. Tkachuk",
          "normalized_name": "Veronica A. Tkachuk",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Veronica A. Tkachuk has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lindsey Przybyl",
          "normalized_name": "Lindsey Przybyl",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Lindsey Przybyl has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Lindsey Przybyl has stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sami Fam",
          "normalized_name": "Sami Fam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Sami Fam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Sami Fam has or had stock in Astra Zeneca."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Dan Case",
        "Elias S. Sotirchos",
        "Ahmed Z. Obeidat",
        "Ho Jin Kim",
        "Jin Nakahara",
        "Veronica A. Tkachuk",
        "Lindsey Przybyl",
        "Sami Fam"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease",
        "Johns Hopkins University",
        "Medical College of Wisconsin",
        "National Cancer Center",
        "Keio University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease",
        "Johns Hopkins University",
        "Medical College of Wisconsin",
        "National Cancer Center",
        "Keio University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Dan Case; Elias S. Sotirchos, MD; Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD; Ho Jin Kim, MD; Jin Nakahara, MD, PhD, FAAN; Veronica A. Tkachuk; Lindsey Przybyl; Sami Fam",
        "Affiliations": "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease\nJohns Hopkins University\nMedical College of Wisconsin\nNational Cancer Center\nKeio University School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "Describe global NMO SPOTLIGHT Registry (NCT05966467) patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD treated with Alexion complement component 5 inhibitor therapies (ALXN-C5ITs) in real-world clinical practice.",
        "Background": "ALXN-C5ITs eculizumab and ravulizumab are approved in multiple countries for adults with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD. The Registry collects ALXN-C5IT real-world safety and clinical effectiveness data in patients aged ≥18y.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adults with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD receiving ALXN-C5ITs were enrolled in the Registry starting August 2023. Data on demographics, relapses, infections, and vaccinations were collected. NMOSD relapse was defined as new onset/worsening neurologic symptoms for >24h requiring acute standard-of-care treatment preceded by ≥30d of clinical stability. Data were summarized for all patients, including patients who switched from rituximab (RTX).",
        "Results": "As of 14Oct2024, 56 adults were enrolled in the Registry (median age at diagnosis, 46.5y). Median (IQR) duration of eculizumab (n=52) and ravulizumab (n=12) exposure was 42.5 (22.2-54.3) mo and 5.3 (4.0-14.1) mo, respectively. In 1y prior to ALXN-C5IT, 21 (37.5%) patients had 28 relapses (annualized relapse rate [ARR]: 0.50 [95% CI: 0.33-0.72]); 4/21 (19.0%) patients had >1 relapse. While on ALXN-C5IT, 3 (5.4%) patients had relapses (ARR: 0.02 [95% CI: 0.00-0.05]); no patients had >1 relapse. Among patients who switched from RTX to ALXN-C5IT (n=15; median time from last RTX discontinuation date to ALXN-C5IT initiation=141.5d, meningococcal vaccination=112d), 6 (40.0%) had 7 relapses in the 1y prior to ALXN-C5IT initiation (ARR: 0.47 [95% CI: 0.19-0.96]); none experienced a relapse while on ALXN-C5IT. In the 1y prior to ALXN-C5IT through Registry enrollment, 52 (92.9%) patients received ≥1 meningococcal vaccination. No receipt of a meningococcal or other vaccination in the 4w prior to relapse was reported; no meningococcal infections were reported.",
        "Conclusions": "Consistent with previous clinical trial and real-world data, these results demonstrate the strong clinical benefit of eculizumab and ravulizumab in relapse prevention. No new safety signals were detected; no meningococcal infections were reported.",
        "Disclosures": "Dan Case: Mr. Case has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Mr. Case has or had stock in AstraZeneca.\nElias S. Sotirchos, MD: Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Sumaira Foundation. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Astoria Biologica. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Corevitas. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Ad Hoc Reviewer with National Institutes of Health.\nAhmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD: Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon pharmaceuticals . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Banner life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi/genzyme. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NMSS and PCORI. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert opinion and key opinion leader with MJH life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Faculty Speaker with CMSC. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board member with CMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with IJMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Reviewer Editor with Frontiers Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee Member with National MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nHo Jin Kim, MD: Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Altos Biologics, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Daewoong Pharmaceutical, Kaigene, Kolon Life Science, MDimune, Roche, and Sanofi. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion, AstraZeneca, Eisai, GC Pharma, Merck, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, and Roche. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Journal of Clinical Neurology.\nJin Nakahara, MD, PhD, FAAN: Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Chugai. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Prof. Nakahara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for The Japanese Society for Internal Medicine. The institution of Prof. Nakahara has received research support from Chugai. The institution of Prof. Nakahara has received research support from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.\nVeronica A. Tkachuk: Veronica A. Tkachuk has nothing to disclose.\nLindsey Przybyl: Lindsey Przybyl has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Lindsey Przybyl has stock in AstraZeneca.\nSami Fam: Sami Fam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Sami Fam has or had stock in Astra Zeneca."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Consistent with previous clinical trial and real-world data, these results demonstrate the strong clinical benefit of eculizumab and ravulizumab in relapse prevention. No new safety signals were detected; no meningococcal infections were reported.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22371",
          "title": "C9 - Aquaporin-4 Antibody Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disease (NMOSD)",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22371",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Marcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN, Mallory Lowe, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the immunopathogenesis of Aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) antibody-positive Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, including the role of complement-mediated astrocytopathy; apply current diagnostic criteria for NMOSD, including appropriate use and interpretation of AQP4-IgG testing, MRI findings, and supportive clinical features; differentiate NMOSD from multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory, infectious, and vascular myelopathies based on clinical presentation, imaging, and serologic profiles; evaluate acute attack management strategies for NMOSD, including first-line use of high-dose corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and escalation approaches in refractory disease; and develop evidence-based long-term treatment plans for AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD, incorporating recently approved complement inhibitors and other targeted immunotherapies, while balancing relapse prevention and safety considerations.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65077",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65077",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 329
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65078",
      "source_id": "65078",
      "abstract_number": "1-003",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-003",
      "title": "Gene Expression Signatures Associated with Prior Rituximab Treatment in Patients with Anti-Aquaporin-4 Antibody-Positive (AQP4-Ab+) Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) in the CHAMPION-NMOSD Trial",
      "authors": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Irem Celen, PhD; Kerstin Allen; Dan Case; Ruba D. Bou-Chahine",
      "presenting_author": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Irem Celen, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Irem Celen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Celen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kerstin Allen",
          "normalized_name": "Kerstin Allen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kerstin Allen has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Kerstin Allen has stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Diseas."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dan Case",
          "normalized_name": "Dan Case",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Case has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Mr. Case has or had stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ruba D. Bou-Chahine",
          "normalized_name": "Ruba D. Bou-Chahine",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bou-Chahine has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Irem Celen",
        "Kerstin Allen",
        "Dan Case",
        "Ruba D. Bou-Chahine"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease",
        "Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Alexion - AZ Rare Disease",
        "Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Irem Celen, PhD; Kerstin Allen; Dan Case; Ruba D. Bou-Chahine",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nAlexion - AZ Rare Disease\nAlexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease",
        "Objective": "Evaluate gene expression signatures at baseline and during treatment with ravulizumab, a complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor, among patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive (AQP4-Ab+) NMOSD in CHAMPION-NMOSD.",
        "Background": "AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD is an autoimmune disorder characterized by prominent inflammatory responses and complement dysregulation resulting in astrocyte and neuronal injury. Comparison of gene expression profiles of patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD receiving ravulizumab and healthy adults may further inform this immune dysregulation.",
        "Design/Methods": "Gene expression was analyzed using whole blood samples collected predose at baseline, week 26, and week 50 from 32/58 patients in CHAMPION-NMOSD and from 10 external demographically matched healthy individuals. RNA samples were used for RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses.",
        "Results": "Baseline gene expression profiles of patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD differed from healthy individuals in an unsupervised clustering analysis. Patients were further separated into 2 subgroups, with prior rituximab exposure distinguishing the 2 subgroups from one another (univariate P =0.0187, multivariate P =0.0439). Significant differences in gene expression involved in cytokine-receptor-mediated signaling and the complement pathway were observed between patients and healthy individuals. Patients with prior rituximab exposure experienced further dysregulation in these pathways compared with rituximab-naive patients. At baseline, significant gene expression-level differences were observed for C5, C3, and associated receptors as well as extracellular matrix regulating metalloenzymes. Neither patient group exhibited significant differences in expression of these markers between baseline and week 50 of ravulizumab treatment. Despite decreased B-cell-associated gene expression in individuals with prior rituximab exposure, baseline cytotoxic-T-cell-, macrophage-, and neutrophil-associated gene expression levels tended to be higher than those in rituximab-naive patients.",
        "Conclusions": "Patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD had a distinct gene expression profile characterized by complement dysregulation, immune activation, and inflammation. This profile was more pronounced with prior rituximab exposure. Expression levels remained elevated following ravulizumab treatment; this enduring impact of rituximab warrants further evaluation in this patient population.",
        "Disclosures": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nIrem Celen, PhD: Dr. Celen has nothing to disclose.\nKerstin Allen: Kerstin Allen has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Kerstin Allen has stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Diseas.\nDan Case: Mr. Case has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Mr. Case has or had stock in AstraZeneca.\nRuba D. Bou-Chahine: Dr. Bou-Chahine has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Patients with AQP4-Ab+ NMOSD had a distinct gene expression profile characterized by complement dysregulation, immune activation, and inflammation. This profile was more pronounced with prior rituximab exposure. Expression levels remained elevated following ravulizumab treatment; this enduring impact of rituximab warrants further evaluation in this patient population.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65078",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65078",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65079",
      "source_id": "65079",
      "abstract_number": "1-004",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-004",
      "title": "Rituximab Dosing and Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Results from an International Modified Delphi Panel Study",
      "authors": "Antonia Lefter; Tania Kuempfel, MD; Jacqueline Palace; Zsolt L. Illes, MD, PhD; Friedemann Paul; Georgina Arrambide, MD, PhD; Orhan Aktas, MD; Ayse Altintas, MD; Thais Armangue, MD; Gregor Brecl Jakob, MD, PhD; Andrew Chan; Kumaran Deiva; Jelena Drulovic; Katrin Gross-Paju, MD, PhD; Mario Habek; Maria Hastermann, MD, PhD; Ellen Iacobaeus, MD, PhD; Maciej Jurynczyk, MD; Ming Jin Lim, MD; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD; Cecilia Rajda, MD, PhD; Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos, MD; Aksel Siva, MD; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; Paulus S. Rommer; Barbara Willekens, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Antonia Lefter",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Antonia Lefter",
          "normalized_name": "Antonia Lefter",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Miss Lefter has received research support from European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tania Kuempfel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tania Kuempfel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen/Horizon."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jacqueline Palace",
          "normalized_name": "Jacqueline Palace",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "John Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono, Medimmune, Argenx, Janssen, AMgen, UCB, Roche, Novartis, Amplo, Alexion, . Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Sanofi. Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche, UCB, Alexion, Amgen. Dr. Palace has or had stock in Astra Zenica. The institution of Dr. Palace has received research support from Roche, AMPLO, Alexion, UCB,. argenx, amgen. Dr. Palace has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zsolt L. Illes, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Zsolt L. Illes",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Illes has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Illes has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Friedemann Paul",
          "normalized_name": "Friedemann Paul",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hoffmann-La Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (BMS. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon Therapeutics GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for F&U Confirm. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb GesmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MICE Service. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VINDICO medical education. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Beijing Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sandoz Internation GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche Thailand. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology, Neuroimmunology&Neuroinflammation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Georgina Arrambide, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Georgina Arrambide",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Platform Adaptive Trial for remyelination and neuroprotection in mUltiple Sclerosis (PLATYPUS) . The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Sage. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received research support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Novartis. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Roche. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with ECTRIMS. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with EAN. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Executive Committee with iWiMS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with BioMS-eu that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering group with MOGAD Eugene Devic European Network (MEDEN) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the editorial and scientific committee with Acta Neurológica Colombiana that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with CURE-MS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Orhan Aktas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Orhan Aktas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurologische Klinik",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubish Tanake. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen/Horizon. The institution of Dr. Aktas has received research support from German Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Aktas has received research support from German Ministry of Science. The institution of Dr. Aktas has received research support from Neuromyelitis optica Study Group (NEMOS)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ayse Altintas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ayse Altintas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Altintas has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck . Dr. Altintas has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Deva. The institution of Dr. Altintas has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thais Armangue, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thais Armangue",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Armangue has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Armangue has received research support from ISCIII(Spanish institute of health) -PI21/00316, Marato TV3, La Caixa Research Foundadion, Pablove Foundation (689368), Torrons Vicens Foundation (PFNR0144), 2021 Invest AEP."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gregor Brecl Jakob, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Gregor Brecl Jakob",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Chan",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Chan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Andrew Chan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Andrew Chan has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Andrew Chan has received research support from Sanofi Genzyme."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kumaran Deiva",
          "normalized_name": "Kumaran Deiva",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octagam. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sqy therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jelena Drulovic",
          "normalized_name": "Jelena Drulovic",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck . Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hemofarm. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for PharmaSwiss. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck . Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Actavis TEVA. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Hemofarm. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Medis. Jelena Drulovic has received research support from Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katrin Gross-Paju, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Katrin Gross-Paju",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Laane-Tallinna Keskhaigla",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gross-Paju has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi Genzyme. Dr. Gross-Paju has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Gross-Paju has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mario Habek",
          "normalized_name": "Mario Habek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Zagreb, School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca. An immediate family member of Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. The institution of Mario Habek has received research support from Croatian Science Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria Hastermann, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Hastermann",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hastermann has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ellen Iacobaeus, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ellen Iacobaeus",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Iacobaeus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Iacobaeus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maciej Jurynczyk, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maciej Jurynczyk",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jurynczyk has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ming Jin Lim, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ming Jin Lim",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Lim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for European Journal of Paediatric Neurology ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Mariotto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mariotto has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen, Sanofi, Alexion, Roche, TSF, Dynamics, UCB, Novartis, Amgen, AAN. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Ministero della Salute Italiano. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from TSF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from GJF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Euroimmun. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from FISM."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cecilia Rajda, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Cecilia Rajda",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rajda has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Rajda has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital de Sto Antonio",
          "disclosure": "Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos, MD has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aksel Siva, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Aksel Siva",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen - TR. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ali Raif Pharmaceuticals, Turkiye. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanovel Pharmaceuticals, Turkiye. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abdi Ibrahim Ilac - TR. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck Serono . The institution of Dr. Siva has received research support from Turkish MS Society. The institution of Dr. Siva has received research support from The Scientific and Technological Research Council Of Turkey - Health Sciences Research Grants."
        },
        {
          "name": "Romain Marignier, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Romain Marignier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Lyon University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE."
        },
        {
          "name": "Paulus S. Rommer",
          "normalized_name": "Paulus S. Rommer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "AKH Wien / Univ. Klinik Fuer Neurologie",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for biogen. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for celgene. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for merck. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for sanofi. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sandoz. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for almirall. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for biogen. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from merck. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from roche. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from amicus. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Barbara Willekens, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Barbara Willekens",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Antwerp University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Almirall . The institution of Dr. Willekens has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received research support from Janssen. Dr. Willekens has a non-compensated relationship as a Co-chair scientific panel of neuroimmunology with European Academy of Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Antonia Lefter",
        "Tania Kuempfel",
        "Jacqueline Palace",
        "Zsolt L. Illes",
        "Friedemann Paul",
        "Georgina Arrambide",
        "Orhan Aktas",
        "Ayse Altintas",
        "Thais Armangue",
        "Gregor Brecl Jakob",
        "Andrew Chan",
        "Kumaran Deiva",
        "Jelena Drulovic",
        "Katrin Gross-Paju",
        "Mario Habek",
        "Maria Hastermann",
        "Ellen Iacobaeus",
        "Maciej Jurynczyk",
        "Ming Jin Lim",
        "Sara Mariotto",
        "Cecilia Rajda",
        "Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos",
        "Aksel Siva",
        "Romain Marignier",
        "Paulus S. Rommer",
        "Barbara Willekens"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie",
        "John Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust",
        "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
        "Cemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital",
        "Neurologische Klinik",
        "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
        "Laane-Tallinna Keskhaigla",
        "University of Zagreb, School of Medicine",
        "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
        "Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged",
        "Hospital de Sto Antonio",
        "Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "AKH Wien / Univ. Klinik Fuer Neurologie",
        "Antwerp University Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie",
        "John Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust",
        "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
        "Cemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital",
        "Neurologische Klinik",
        "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
        "Laane-Tallinna Keskhaigla",
        "University of Zagreb, School of Medicine",
        "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
        "Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged",
        "Hospital de Sto Antonio",
        "Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "AKH Wien / Univ. Klinik Fuer Neurologie",
        "Antwerp University Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Antonia Lefter; Tania Kuempfel, MD; Jacqueline Palace; Zsolt L. Illes, MD, PhD; Friedemann Paul; Georgina Arrambide, MD, PhD; Orhan Aktas, MD; Ayse Altintas, MD; Thais Armangue, MD; Gregor Brecl Jakob, MD, PhD; Andrew Chan; Kumaran Deiva; Jelena Drulovic; Katrin Gross-Paju, MD, PhD; Mario Habek; Maria Hastermann, MD, PhD; Ellen Iacobaeus, MD, PhD; Maciej Jurynczyk, MD; Ming Jin Lim, MD; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD; Cecilia Rajda, MD, PhD; Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos, MD; Aksel Siva, MD; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; Paulus S. Rommer; Barbara Willekens, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie\nJohn Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust\nCharite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin\nCemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital\nNeurologische Klinik\nIDIBAPS-HClinic\nLaane-Tallinna Keskhaigla\nUniversity of Zagreb, School of Medicine\nNeurology Unit, University of Verona\nDepartment of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged\nHospital de Sto Antonio\nIstanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine\nLyon University Hospital\nAKH Wien / Univ. Klinik Fuer Neurologie\nAntwerp University Hospital",
        "Objective": "Identification of real-world clinical practice strategies with rituximab regimes and immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) among European experts in rare neuroinflammatory diseases (NID).",
        "Background": "Infections are frequent adverse events associated with B cell depleting therapies in NMOSD. Clinical practice involving rituximab de-escalation strategies and IgRT is diverse worldwide.",
        "Design/Methods": "A modified Delphi panel study was conducted from June 2024 until September 2025. Panel members were experts in NID who attended the 2 nd and 3 rd NMOSD/MOGAD Case-based European Forums held in Tallinn and Prague. The initial voting round featured 8 questions on individual practice with rituximab and 8 questions about IgRT use in AQP4-IgG-positive and double-seronegative NMOSD.",
        "Results": "Seventeen experts in rare NID participated in round 1. Dosing regimens for rituximab vary across countries. Over a third of panelists do not implement either rituximab dose reduction (DR) or extended interval dosing (EID) in NMOSD until infections occur. The most used rituximab DR regime to prevent infections is 500 mg once 6 monthly (47%), considering a standard maintenance regime of 1000 mg once 6 monthly. EID is largely based on CD19+ B cell counts (~65%). Patient`s age, comorbidities, baseline serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) level and prior immunosuppression were considered main risk factors for hypogammaglobulinemia and/or infections driving the decision to perform rituximab DR and/or EID. Immunoglobulin levels are monitored by 76% before start of therapy and 6 monthly thereafter. IgRT to treat secondary hypogammaglobulinemia is based on serum IgG levels (53%) and scheduled 4 weekly (35%) with 0.4 g/kg (65%). The target serum IgG level is 5 g/L for >50% panelists, but varies.",
        "Conclusions": "There are differences in rituximab dosing regimens and IgRT regarding infectious risk management strategies in NMOSD. Notably, there is a lack of data on such strategies, and more research is warranted to inform evidence-based clinical practice recommendations.",
        "Disclosures": "Antonia Lefter: The institution of Miss Lefter has received research support from European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS).\nTania Kuempfel, MD: Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen/Horizon.\nJacqueline Palace: Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono, Medimmune, Argenx, Janssen, AMgen, UCB, Roche, Novartis, Amplo, Alexion, . Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Sanofi. Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche, UCB, Alexion, Amgen. Dr. Palace has or had stock in Astra Zenica. The institution of Dr. Palace has received research support from Roche, AMPLO, Alexion, UCB,. argenx, amgen. Dr. Palace has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nZsolt L. Illes, MD, PhD: Prof. Illes has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Illes has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche.\nFriedemann Paul: Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hoffmann-La Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (BMS. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon Therapeutics GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for F&U Confirm. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb GesmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MICE Service. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VINDICO medical education. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Beijing Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sandoz Internation GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche Thailand. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology, Neuroimmunology&Neuroinflammation.\nGeorgina Arrambide, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Platform Adaptive Trial for remyelination and neuroprotection in mUltiple Sclerosis (PLATYPUS) . The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Sage. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received research support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Novartis. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Roche. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with ECTRIMS. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with EAN. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Executive Committee with iWiMS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with BioMS-eu that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering group with MOGAD Eugene Devic European Network (MEDEN) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the editorial and scientific committee with Acta Neurológica Colombiana that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with CURE-MS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nOrhan Aktas, MD: Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubish Tanake. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Aktas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen/Horizon. The institution of Dr. Aktas has received research support from German Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Aktas has received research support from German Ministry of Science. The institution of Dr. Aktas has received research support from Neuromyelitis optica Study Group (NEMOS).\nAyse Altintas, MD: Dr. Altintas has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck . Dr. Altintas has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Deva. The institution of Dr. Altintas has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion.\nThais Armangue, MD: Dr. Armangue has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Armangue has received research support from ISCIII(Spanish institute of health) -PI21/00316, Marato TV3, La Caixa Research Foundadion, Pablove Foundation (689368), Torrons Vicens Foundation (PFNR0144), 2021 Invest AEP.\nGregor Brecl Jakob, MD, PhD: Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Brecl Jakob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen.\nAndrew Chan: The institution of Andrew Chan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Andrew Chan has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Andrew Chan has received research support from Sanofi Genzyme.\nKumaran Deiva: Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octagam. Kumaran Deiva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sqy therapeutics.\nJelena Drulovic: Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck . Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hemofarm. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for PharmaSwiss. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck . Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Actavis TEVA. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Hemofarm. Jelena Drulovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Medis. Jelena Drulovic has received research support from Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovations of the Republic of Serbia.\nKatrin Gross-Paju, MD, PhD: Dr. Gross-Paju has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi Genzyme. Dr. Gross-Paju has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Gross-Paju has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck.\nMario Habek: Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca. An immediate family member of Mario Habek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. The institution of Mario Habek has received research support from Croatian Science Foundation.\nMaria Hastermann, MD, PhD: Dr. Hastermann has nothing to disclose.\nEllen Iacobaeus, MD, PhD: Dr. Iacobaeus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Iacobaeus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi.\nMaciej Jurynczyk, MD: Dr. Jurynczyk has nothing to disclose.\nMing Jin Lim, MD: Prof. Lim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for European Journal of Paediatric Neurology .\nSara Mariotto, MD, PhD: Dr. Mariotto has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen, Sanofi, Alexion, Roche, TSF, Dynamics, UCB, Novartis, Amgen, AAN. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Ministero della Salute Italiano. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from TSF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from GJF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Euroimmun. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from FISM.\nCecilia Rajda, MD, PhD: Dr. Rajda has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Rajda has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche.\nMaria Ernestina Moreira Santos, MD: Maria Ernestina Moreira Santos, MD has nothing to disclose.\nAksel Siva, MD: Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen - TR. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ali Raif Pharmaceuticals, Turkiye. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanovel Pharmaceuticals, Turkiye. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abdi Ibrahim Ilac - TR. Dr. Siva has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck Serono . The institution of Dr. Siva has received research support from Turkish MS Society. The institution of Dr. Siva has received research support from The Scientific and Technological Research Council Of Turkey - Health Sciences Research Grants.\nRomain Marignier, MD, PhD: Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE.\nPaulus S. Rommer: Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for biogen. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for celgene. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for merck. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for sanofi. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sandoz. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for almirall. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for biogen. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Rommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from merck. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from roche. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from amicus. The institution of Dr. Rommer has received research support from biogen.\nBarbara Willekens, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Almirall . The institution of Dr. Willekens has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Willekens has received research support from Janssen. Dr. Willekens has a non-compensated relationship as a Co-chair scientific panel of neuroimmunology with European Academy of Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "There are differences in rituximab dosing regimens and IgRT regarding infectious risk management strategies in NMOSD. Notably, there is a lack of data on such strategies, and more research is warranted to inform evidence-based clinical practice recommendations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65079",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65079",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65080",
      "source_id": "65080",
      "abstract_number": "1-005",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-005",
      "title": "White Matter Microstructural Damage in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies",
      "authors": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS; Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla; Dileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD; Bhavya Y. Desai, MBBS; Manoj R. Pallapothu, MD; Nagarjuna Keshapogu, MD; Athira Nair, MD; Farkhanda Maqbool, MBBS; Navjot Kaur, MBBS; Juber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology); Srikar Kintali, MBBS; Hasmitha Gangireddy",
      "presenting_author": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anugraha Sreeram",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sreeram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Atla has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dileep Raja R. Kuraku",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kuraku has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bhavya Y. Desai, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Bhavya Y. Desai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. DESAI has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manoj R. Pallapothu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Manoj R. Pallapothu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Manoj Pallapothu MD",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pallapothu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nagarjuna Keshapogu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nagarjuna Keshapogu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Keshapogu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Athira Nair, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Athira Nair",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nair has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Farkhanda Maqbool, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Farkhanda Maqbool",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Maqbool has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Navjot Kaur, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Navjot Kaur",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Juber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology)",
          "normalized_name": "Juber D. Shaikh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shaikh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Srikar Kintali, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Srikar Kintali",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kintali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hasmitha Gangireddy",
          "normalized_name": "Hasmitha Gangireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Anugraha Sreeram",
        "Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla",
        "Dileep Raja R. Kuraku",
        "Bhavya Y. Desai",
        "Manoj R. Pallapothu",
        "Nagarjuna Keshapogu",
        "Athira Nair",
        "Farkhanda Maqbool",
        "Navjot Kaur",
        "Juber D. Shaikh",
        "Srikar Kintali",
        "Hasmitha Gangireddy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Manoj Pallapothu MD",
        "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Manoj Pallapothu MD",
        "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS; Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla; Dileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD; Bhavya Y. Desai, MBBS; Manoj R. Pallapothu, MD; Nagarjuna Keshapogu, MD; Athira Nair, MD; Farkhanda Maqbool, MBBS; Navjot Kaur, MBBS; Juber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology); Srikar Kintali, MBBS; Hasmitha Gangireddy",
        "Affiliations": "Manoj Pallapothu MD\nPrisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology",
        "Objective": "To evaluate white matter microstructural changes in NMOSD using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) across brain and spinal cord regions, and to identify DTI parameters most suitable as disease-monitoring biomarkers.",
        "Background": "NMOSD primarily affects optic nerves & spinal cord, but evidence increasingly supports broader CNS involvement. DTI enables detection of microstructural abnormalities beyond conventional MRI-visible lesions by quantifying fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Comprehensive synthesis across anatomical regions is needed to identify optimal DTI biomarkers",
        "Design/Methods": "Systemic review was conducted searching PubMed, Europe PMC, and ClinicalTrials.gov (2015-2025) for studies comparing DTI parameters between NMOSD patients and healthy controls (HCs). Studies reporting extractable DTI metrics from defined anatomical regions were included. Pooled Hedges' g was calculated using inverse-variance weighted random-effects meta-analysis where ≥2 studies provided extractable means and SDs; single-study regions were reported&Risk of bias was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.",
        "Results": "Nine studies (159 NMOSD, 157 HCs; 2012-2022) were included; risk of bias was low-moderate. Pooled meta-analysis across three regions showed: cervical spinal cord had the largest FA reduction (3 studies; g = −1.80, p<0.001)optic radiation demonstrated robust FA reduction (3 studies; g = −0.84, p<0.001) and corpus callosum showed moderate FA reduction (2 studies; g = −0.58, p=0.03). MD and RD were consistently elevated across all regions, consistent with demyelination. In single-study analyses, normal-appearing white matter (g = −0.84) and association tracts/thalamic radiation also showed significant DTI abnormalities, indicating subclinical network-level involvement beyond visible lesions.",
        "Conclusions": "NMOSD causes microstructural white matter damage extending well beyond MRI-visible lesions. Cervical spinal cord & optic radiation show the most reproducible and largest pooled DTI abnormalities, supporting their use as sensitive, region-specific biomarkers for monitoring. NAWM involvement across multiple tracts suggests subclinical network damage that warrants prospective longitudinal investigation. Future studies with larger cohorts&standardized acquisition protocols are needed to enable robust multi-region meta-analysis",
        "Disclosures": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS: Dr. Sreeram has nothing to disclose.\nSai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla: Miss Atla has nothing to disclose.\nDileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD: Dr. Kuraku has nothing to disclose.\nBhavya Y. Desai, MBBS: Dr. DESAI has nothing to disclose.\nManoj R. Pallapothu, MD: Dr. Pallapothu has nothing to disclose.\nNagarjuna Keshapogu, MD: Mr. Keshapogu has nothing to disclose.\nAthira Nair, MD: Dr. Nair has nothing to disclose.\nFarkhanda Maqbool, MBBS: Dr. Maqbool has nothing to disclose.\nNavjot Kaur, MBBS: No disclosure on file\nJuber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology): Dr. Shaikh has nothing to disclose.\nSrikar Kintali, MBBS: Dr. Kintali has nothing to disclose.\nHasmitha Gangireddy: No disclosure on file"
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "NMOSD causes microstructural white matter damage extending well beyond MRI-visible lesions. Cervical spinal cord & optic radiation show the most reproducible and largest pooled DTI abnormalities, supporting their use as sensitive, region-specific biomarkers for monitoring. NAWM involvement across multiple tracts suggests subclinical network damage that warrants prospective longitudinal investigation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65080",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65080",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 310
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65081",
      "source_id": "65081",
      "abstract_number": "1-006",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-006",
      "title": "Paraneoplastic AQP4-IgG-Seropositive NMOSD Associated with AQP4-Positive Ovarian Teratoma",
      "authors": "Tania Reyna, MD, FAAN; Ashlynn-Joy P. Fajayan, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Tania Reyna, MD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Tania Reyna, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Tania Reyna",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas at San Antonio",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Serono. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashlynn-Joy P. Fajayan, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Ashlynn-Joy P. Fajayan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fajayan has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Tania Reyna",
        "Ashlynn-Joy P. Fajayan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Texas at San Antonio"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Texas at San Antonio"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Tania Reyna, MD, FAAN; Ashlynn-Joy P. Fajayan, DO",
        "Affiliations": "University of Texas at San Antonio",
        "Objective": "To report a case of paraneoplastic aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) associated with a pathology-confirmed AQP4-positive ovarian teratoma.",
        "Background": "NMOSD is a relapsing autoimmune CNS disease characterized by optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and brainstem syndromes, driven by AQP4-IgG targeting astrocytic water channels. Approximately 3-5% of AQP4-IgG-seropositive cases may have a paraneoplastic etiology, with tumors ectopically expressing AQP4 hypothesized to break immune tolerance. Ovarian teratoma-associated NMOSD is exceedingly rare, with approximately nine prior reported cases.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective chart review.",
        "Results": "Case: A 33-year-old woman with a known left ovarian mass presented with acute bilateral vision loss. Visual acuity (VA) was 20/50 (right eye) and counting fingers (left eye) with bilateral color desaturation. Orbital MRI showed enhancement of bilateral optic nerves, chiasm, and optic tracts. AQP4-IgG was positive at 1:1000 titer. During hospitalization, she developed acute abdominal pain; CT revealed a 12 cm left ovarian teratoma. Emergent surgical resection was performed. Histopathology confirmed AQP4 immunoreactivity in a focal cluster of epithelial cells. She received IV high-dose steroids (5 days) and plasmapheresis (4.5 days), with VA improving to 20/20 (right eye) at discharge. At 2-month follow-up, VA remained stable. Inebilizumab was initiated, and the patient has remained relapse-free.",
        "Conclusions": "This case is notable for isolated bilateral optic neuritis without the brainstem involvement typical of teratoma-associated NMOSD (83% in prior series), AQP4 expression in epithelial rather than neural tissue, and concurrent ovarian torsion. A systematic review of 72 paraneoplastic NMOSD cases demonstrated heterogeneous phenotypes, supporting cancer screening in all newly diagnosed AQP4-IgG NMOSD regardless of age. This case reinforces the importance of considering paraneoplastic etiology in young women with NMOSD and supports pelvic imaging in newly diagnosed AQP4-IgG-seropositive patients.",
        "Disclosures": "Tania Reyna, MD, FAAN: Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Serono. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Reyna has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen.\nAshlynn-Joy P. Fajayan, DO: Dr. Fajayan has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case is notable for isolated bilateral optic neuritis without the brainstem involvement typical of teratoma-associated NMOSD (83% in prior series), AQP4 expression in epithelial rather than neural tissue, and concurrent ovarian torsion. A systematic review of 72 paraneoplastic NMOSD cases demonstrated heterogeneous phenotypes, supporting cancer screening in all newly diagnosed AQP4-IgG NMOSD regardless of age.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65081",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65081",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 278
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65083",
      "source_id": "65083",
      "abstract_number": "1-008",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-008",
      "title": "Cardiometabolic Comorbidities in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis",
      "authors": "Oranuch Chuapakdee, MD; Wattakorn Laohapiboolrattana, MD; Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn, MD; Abhinbhen W. Saraya, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Oranuch Chuapakdee, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Oranuch Chuapakdee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Oranuch Chuapakdee",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chuapakdee has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VIATRIS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Wattakorn Laohapiboolrattana, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Wattakorn Laohapiboolrattana",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Laohapiboolrattana has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Theerasuwipakorn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abhinbhen W. Saraya, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abhinbhen W. Saraya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saraya has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biofire."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Oranuch Chuapakdee",
        "Wattakorn Laohapiboolrattana",
        "Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn",
        "Abhinbhen W. Saraya"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital",
        "Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital",
        "Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Oranuch Chuapakdee, MD; Wattakorn Laohapiboolrattana, MD; Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn, MD; Abhinbhen W. Saraya, MD",
        "Affiliations": "King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital\nChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital",
        "Objective": "To determine the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities in patients with NMOSD compared to controls.",
        "Background": "The prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains uncertain.",
        "Design/Methods": "PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched from 2006 to April 2026 to identify studies comparing the prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities between NMOSD patients and non-NMOSD controls. Pooled odds ratios were estimated using a random-effects model. Pre-specified subgroup analysis was performed by stratification of controls (multiple sclerosis [MS], other demyelinating, and non-demyelinating controls).",
        "Results": "Twelve studies comprising 5,011 NMOSD patients and 13,466 controls were included (mean age 45.3±15.4 years; 71.8% female). Compared to controls, NMOSD patients had higher prevalences of hypertension (26.7% vs. 14.8%; pooled odds ratio [pOR] 1.34; 95%CI 1.05-1.70), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM: 14.0% vs. 6.1%; pOR 1.76; 95%CI 1.39-2.23), Stroke (11.4% vs. 1.3%; pOR 5.58; 95%CI 1.35-23.08), coronary artery disease (CAD: 3.1% vs. 2.2%; pOR 1.81; 95%CI 1.26-2.58), and heart failure (HF: 3.4% vs. 0.8%; pOR 3.72; 95%CI 1.88-7.39), while dyslipidemia (10.6% VS 11.8%) was not significantly different. Regarding subgroup analysis of NMOSD vs. non-demyelinating controls, the prevalences of T2DM (15.1% vs. 6.9%), stroke (11.6% vs. 1.2%), CAD (3.1% vs. 2.2%), and HF (3.3% vs. 0.8%) were significantly higher, while DLP (14.3% vs. 24%) was lower in NMOSD. The prevalence of T2DM (11.2% vs. 5.6%) was higher in NMOSD than in MS, but not significantly different compared to other demyelinating controls. Hypertension and dyslipidemia prevalences were not statistically different between NMOSD and MS/other demyelinating controls. Insufficient data precluded a pooled analysis of stroke, CAD, and HF in MS and other demyelinating controls.",
        "Conclusions": "Cardiometabolic comorbidities, including hypertension, T2DM, stroke, CAD, and HF, are more prevalent in patients with NMOSD than in controls, suggesting that comorbidities screening and management should be incorporated into routine NMOSD care.",
        "Disclosures": "Oranuch Chuapakdee, MD: Dr. Chuapakdee has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VIATRIS.\nWattakorn Laohapiboolrattana, MD: Mr. Laohapiboolrattana has nothing to disclose.\nNonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn, MD: Dr. Theerasuwipakorn has nothing to disclose.\nAbhinbhen W. Saraya, MD: Dr. Saraya has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biofire."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Cardiometabolic comorbidities, including hypertension, T2DM, stroke, CAD, and HF, are more prevalent in patients with NMOSD than in controls, suggesting that comorbidities screening and management should be incorporated into routine NMOSD care.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65083",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65083",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 345
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65084",
      "source_id": "65084",
      "abstract_number": "1-009",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-009",
      "title": "A Comparative Clinical Effectiveness Trial of Rituximab Versus Ravulizumab, Inebilizumab, Satralizumab, and Eculizumab to Prevent Relapses in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)",
      "authors": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD; Rebecca Salky; Leyla R. Herbst; Bruce A. Cree, MD, PhD, MAS, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Jacqueline Palace; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; Jeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN; Kazuo Fujihara, MD; Ho Jin Kim, MD; Michael Devlin; Tim Friede, PhD; Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN; Marcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN; Friedemann Paul; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Vishnevetsky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from NIH (NeuroNext)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rebecca Salky",
          "normalized_name": "Rebecca Salky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Rebecca Salky has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leyla R. Herbst",
          "normalized_name": "Leyla R. Herbst",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Herbst has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bruce A. Cree, MD, PhD, MAS, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Bruce A. Cree",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF, Multiple Sclerosis Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Neuron23. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boston Pharma. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal/Sandoz. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunic AG. The institution of Dr. Cree has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Cree has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Cree has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jacqueline Palace",
          "normalized_name": "Jacqueline Palace",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "John Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono, Medimmune, Argenx, Janssen, AMgen, UCB, Roche, Novartis, Amplo, Alexion, . Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Sanofi. Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche, UCB, Alexion, Amgen. Dr. Palace has or had stock in Astra Zenica. The institution of Dr. Palace has received research support from Roche, AMPLO, Alexion, UCB,. argenx, amgen. Dr. Palace has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Romain Marignier, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Romain Marignier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Lyon University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey L. Bennett",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Tanabe. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immpact Bio. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Chugai. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Beigene. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Imcyse. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for MIAC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Vindico. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Touch IME. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Efficient LLC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Pavich. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marie Bush. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marks Gray. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Knight, Nicastro, MacKay. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Bennett has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kazuo Fujihara, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kazuo Fujihara",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tohoku University, School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Abbvie. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Boipharma. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Japan Tobacco. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai/Roche. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Fujihara has received research support from Ministry of Health, Welfare and Labor of Japan. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Novartis. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Biogen. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a apeaker, chair, etc with Chugai/Roche. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Alexion. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a chair, speaker with Asahi Kasei Medical. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Eisai. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker, chair with Teijin."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ho Jin Kim, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ho Jin Kim",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Altos Biologics, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Daewoong Pharmaceutical, Kaigene, Kolon Life Science, MDimune, Roche, and Sanofi. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion, AstraZeneca, Eisai, GC Pharma, Merck, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, and Roche. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Journal of Clinical Neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Devlin",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Devlin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Sumaira Foundation",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Devlin has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for The Sumaira Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tim Friede, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tim Friede",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for RECARDIO. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Daiichi Sankyo. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bayer. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BiosenseWebster. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Galapagos. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Enanta. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VICO Therapeutics. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Shamik Bhattacharyya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NeuroLambda. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Continuum. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from National Institute of Health. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Marcelo Matiello",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham, Harvard",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Matiello has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Matiello has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Matiello has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for WoltersKluwer."
        },
        {
          "name": "Friedemann Paul",
          "normalized_name": "Friedemann Paul",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hoffmann-La Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (BMS. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon Therapeutics GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for F&U Confirm. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb GesmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MICE Service. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VINDICO medical education. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Beijing Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sandoz Internation GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche Thailand. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology, Neuroimmunology&Neuroinflammation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Levy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
        "Anastasia Vishnevetsky",
        "Rebecca Salky",
        "Leyla R. Herbst",
        "Bruce A. Cree",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Jacqueline Palace",
        "Romain Marignier",
        "Jeffrey L. Bennett",
        "Kazuo Fujihara",
        "Ho Jin Kim",
        "Michael Devlin",
        "Tim Friede",
        "Shamik Bhattacharyya",
        "Marcelo Matiello",
        "Friedemann Paul",
        "Michael Levy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "UCSF, Multiple Sclerosis Center",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "John Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
        "Tohoku University, School of Medicine",
        "National Cancer Center",
        "The Sumaira Foundation",
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham, Harvard",
        "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "UCSF, Multiple Sclerosis Center",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "John Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
        "Tohoku University, School of Medicine",
        "National Cancer Center",
        "The Sumaira Foundation",
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham, Harvard",
        "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD; Rebecca Salky; Leyla R. Herbst; Bruce A. Cree, MD, PhD, MAS, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Jacqueline Palace; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; Jeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN; Kazuo Fujihara, MD; Ho Jin Kim, MD; Michael Devlin; Tim Friede, PhD; Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN; Marcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN; Friedemann Paul; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Massachusetts General Hospital\nUCSF, Multiple Sclerosis Center\nMayo Clinic\nJohn Radcliff Hospital Oxford Univeristy Hospitals Trust\nLyon University Hospital\nUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine\nTohoku University, School of Medicine\nNational Cancer Center\nThe Sumaira Foundation\nBrigham and Women's Hospital\nMassachusetts General Hospital, Brigham, Harvard\nCharite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin\nMassachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Objective": "To compare the effectiveness and safety of rituximab versus complement inhibitors, inebilizumab, and satralizumab (CIS) in AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD patients.",
        "Background": "Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can cause severe attacks of inflammation in the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brainstem that often result in blindness, paralysis, or death. Rituximab has long been used off-label, but recent studies suggest higher rates of treatment failure and serious adverse events compared to complement inhibitors (ravulizumab, eculizumab), inebilizumab, and satralizumab (CIS). Treatment decisions remain challenging due to the absence of direct comparative data.",
        "Design/Methods": "BEST-NMOSD is a multicentre phase 4 trial. Adults (≥18 y) with seropositive NMOSD meeting 2015 IPND criteria are randomised 1:1 to rituximab or pooled CIS, then 1:1:1 to complement inhibitors (ravulizumab, eculizumab), inebilizumab, or satralizumab. The primary endpoint is a composite of (1) time to adjudicated relapse and (2) time to protocol-defined safety or tolerability failure. Suspected attacks are adjudicated by a blinded Adjudication Committee using pre-specified clinical and MRI criteria. Secondary outcomes include Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC), treatment satisfaction, vision-related quality of life, pain, depression and fatigue.",
        "Results": "Regulatory approvals and ClinicalTrials.gov registration were obtained in May 2025. First patient-in is planned for August 1st, 2025. Target accrual is 540 participants. No clinical outcome data are yet available.",
        "Conclusions": "BEST-NMOSD is the first comparative effectiveness trial comparing all approved NMOSD DMTs to rituximab. The primary endpoint combines efficacy and safety, allowing for a comprehensive comparison of treatments. This reflects real-world decisions and this study will deliver actionable results for patients, physicians, and regulatory authorities.",
        "Disclosures": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD: The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project.\nAnastasia Vishnevetsky, MD: The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from NIH (NeuroNext).\nRebecca Salky: Rebecca Salky has nothing to disclose.\nLeyla R. Herbst: Ms. Herbst has nothing to disclose.\nBruce A. Cree, MD, PhD, MAS, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Neuron23. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boston Pharma. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal/Sandoz. Dr. Cree has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunic AG. The institution of Dr. Cree has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Cree has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Cree has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJacqueline Palace: Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono, Medimmune, Argenx, Janssen, AMgen, UCB, Roche, Novartis, Amplo, Alexion, . Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Sanofi. Dr. Palace has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche, UCB, Alexion, Amgen. Dr. Palace has or had stock in Astra Zenica. The institution of Dr. Palace has received research support from Roche, AMPLO, Alexion, UCB,. argenx, amgen. Dr. Palace has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nRomain Marignier, MD, PhD: Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE.\nJeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Tanabe. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immpact Bio. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Chugai. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Beigene. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Imcyse. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for MIAC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Vindico. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Touch IME. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Efficient LLC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Pavich. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marie Bush. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marks Gray. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Knight, Nicastro, MacKay. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Bennett has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nKazuo Fujihara, MD: Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Abbvie. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Boipharma. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Japan Tobacco. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai/Roche. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Fujihara has received research support from Ministry of Health, Welfare and Labor of Japan. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Novartis. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Biogen. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Mitsubishi-Tanabe. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a apeaker, chair, etc with Chugai/Roche. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker, chair, etc with Alexion. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a chair, speaker with Asahi Kasei Medical. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Eisai. Dr. Fujihara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker, chair with Teijin.\nHo Jin Kim, MD: Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Altos Biologics, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Daewoong Pharmaceutical, Kaigene, Kolon Life Science, MDimune, Roche, and Sanofi. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion, AstraZeneca, Eisai, GC Pharma, Merck, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, and Roche. Dr. Kim has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Journal of Clinical Neurology.\nMichael Devlin: Mr. Devlin has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for The Sumaira Foundation.\nTim Friede, PhD: Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for RECARDIO. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Daiichi Sankyo. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bayer. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BiosenseWebster. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Galapagos. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Enanta. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VICO Therapeutics. Prof. Friede has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH.\nShamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN: Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NeuroLambda. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Continuum. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from National Institute of Health. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMarcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN: Dr. Matiello has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Matiello has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Matiello has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for WoltersKluwer.\nFriedemann Paul: Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hoffmann-La Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (BMS. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon Therapeutics GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for F&U Confirm. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb GesmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MICE Service. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VINDICO medical education. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Beijing Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sandoz Internation GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche Thailand. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology, Neuroimmunology&Neuroinflammation.\nMichael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "BEST-NMOSD is the first comparative effectiveness trial comparing all approved NMOSD DMTs to rituximab. The primary endpoint combines efficacy and safety, allowing for a comprehensive comparison of treatments. This reflects real-world decisions and this study will deliver actionable results for patients, physicians, and regulatory authorities.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65084",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65084",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 260
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65085",
      "source_id": "65085",
      "abstract_number": "1-010",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-010",
      "title": "Serostatus-stratified Efficacy of Monoclonal Antibodies in NMOSD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis",
      "authors": "Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc; Majd A. AbuAlrob, MD; Abeer Safan, MD; Beatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD; Shahd H. Hamid, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Khaled Zammar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Hamad Medical corporation",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zammar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Majd A. AbuAlrob, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Majd A. AbuAlrob",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hamad Medical Corporation",
          "disclosure": "Dr. AbuAlrob has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abeer Safan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abeer Safan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Safan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Beatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Beatriz Garcia Cañibano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "HMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Garcia Cañibano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shahd H. Hamid, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Shahd H. Hamid",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Walton Center NHS Foundation Trust",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hamid has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche Merck Novartis ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Khaled Zammar",
        "Majd A. AbuAlrob",
        "Abeer Safan",
        "Beatriz Garcia Cañibano",
        "Shahd H. Hamid"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Hamad Medical corporation",
        "HMC",
        "The Walton Center NHS Foundation Trust"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Hamad Medical corporation",
        "HMC",
        "The Walton Center NHS Foundation Trust"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc; Majd A. AbuAlrob, MD; Abeer Safan, MD; Beatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD; Shahd H. Hamid, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Hamad Medical corporation\nHMC\nThe Walton Center NHS Foundation Trust",
        "Objective": "We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare monoclonal antibody efficacy between AQP4-IgG seropositive and seronegative NMOSD patients.",
        "Background": "Monoclonal antibodies have transformed the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), yet their efficacy in seronegative patients remains uncertain. Subgroup analyses from pivotal trials and real-world studies have yielded conflicting results regarding treatment response by aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) serostatus",
        "Design/Methods": "We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and clinical trial registries from inception through January 2025. Studies comparing efficacy outcomes of monoclonal antibodies (rituximab, eculizumab, satralizumab, inebilizumab, tocilizumab, or ravulizumab) between seropositive and seronegative NMOSD patients were eligible. Primary outcomes included annualized relapse rate (ARR) and relapse events. Secondary outcomes included disability progression (EDSS) and infectious adverse events. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager. The study was registered in PROSPERO.",
        "Results": "Thirteen studies (4 RCTs, 9 observational) comprising 1,595 patients (1,051 seropositive; 346 seronegative) were included. Seropositive patients had significantly lower relapse risk compared to seronegative patients (RR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.47-0.87; p = 0.005; I² = 0%; 7 studies), indicating 36% greater efficacy in preventing relapses. No significant differences were observed for continuous ARR (SMD = 0.25; 95% CI: −0.65 to 1.14; p = 0.59; I² = 95%; 7 studies), disability progression (SMD = 1.07; 95% CI: −1.04 to 3.17; p = 0.32; I² = 96%; 4 studies), or infectious adverse events (RR = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.70-1.84; p = 0.61; I² = 0%; 2 studies). High heterogeneity limited interpretation of ARR and disability outcomes.",
        "Conclusions": "Monoclonal antibodies demonstrate significantly greater efficacy in preventing relapses in AQP4-IgG seropositive compared to seronegative NMOSD patients. Serostatus should be considered when selecting treatments and setting therapeutic expectations. While monoclonal antibodies remain a treatment option for seronegative patients given comparable safety profiles, further research is needed to optimize therapeutic strategies for this population",
        "Disclosures": "Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc: Dr. Zammar has nothing to disclose.\nMajd A. AbuAlrob, MD: Dr. AbuAlrob has nothing to disclose.\nAbeer Safan, MD: Dr. Safan has nothing to disclose.\nBeatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD: Dr. Garcia Cañibano has nothing to disclose.\nShahd H. Hamid, MBBS: Dr. Hamid has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche Merck Novartis ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Monoclonal antibodies demonstrate significantly greater efficacy in preventing relapses in AQP4-IgG seropositive compared to seronegative NMOSD patients. Serostatus should be considered when selecting treatments and setting therapeutic expectations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65085",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65085",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65086",
      "source_id": "65086",
      "abstract_number": "1-011",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-011",
      "title": "Preclinical AQP4-IgG Seropositivity Preceding Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Evidence for a “Laboratory Isolated Syndrome”",
      "authors": "Farah Barakat, MD, MBBS; Kassem Al Asaad, MBBS; Nicholas Lannen, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Farah Barakat, MD, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Farah Barakat, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Farah Barakat",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Barakat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kassem Al Asaad, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Kassem Al Asaad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kassem Al Asaad, MBBS has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicholas Lannen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nicholas Lannen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lannen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Genentech. Dr. Lannen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Lannen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Horizon Theraputics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Farah Barakat",
        "Kassem Al Asaad",
        "Nicholas Lannen"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Farah Barakat, MD, MBBS; Kassem Al Asaad, MBBS; Nicholas Lannen, MD",
        "Objective": "Characterization of persistent aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositivity prior to the clinical onset of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).",
        "Background": "AQP4-IgG is very specific to NMOSD and is important for diagnosis. The importance of isolated seropositivity in patients without typical clinical signs is not well understood.",
        "Design/Methods": "Longitudinal case report with clinical, radiographic, and serologic follow-up over two years.",
        "Results": "A 69-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis and prior focal epilepsy was found to have a transient right frontal ring-enhancing lesion during evaluation of a breakthrough seizure at age 67. Serum testing revealed markedly elevated AQP4-IgG titers (>1:100,000), with negative myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. She lacked clinical features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), including optic neuritis, myelitis, and area postrema syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was unremarkable, without pleocytosis or oligoclonal bands.Repeat imaging one month later demonstrated complete resolution of the lesion, with residual T2 FLAIR hyperintensity suggestive of a subacute infarct. She remained asymptomatic despite persistent AQP4-IgG seropositivity. At age 69, approximately two years after initial seropositivity, she continued to be clinically stable at follow-up.Three months later, she developed subacute bilateral lower extremity paresthesias. MRI revealed T2-T5 longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis with active cord lesions and a new enhancing left occipital periventricular lesion. She improved following intravenous methylprednisolone and was initiated on satralizumab, confirming a delayed diagnosis of NMOSD.",
        "Conclusions": "This case indicates that AQP4-IgG seropositivity can occur before the clinical onset of NMOSD. It suggests a possible preclinical phase of the disease and raises questions about how to monitor these patients. The delayed progression to longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis after years of isolated seropositivity shows the diagnostic uncertainty in asymptomatic AQP4-IgG positive patients. It also raises important questions about the best surveillance strategies and whether identifying the condition earlier could affect outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Farah Barakat, MD, MBBS: Ms. Barakat has nothing to disclose.\nKassem Al Asaad, MBBS: Kassem Al Asaad, MBBS has nothing to disclose.\nNicholas Lannen, MD: Dr. Lannen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Genentech. Dr. Lannen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Lannen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Horizon Theraputics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case indicates that AQP4-IgG seropositivity can occur before the clinical onset of NMOSD. It suggests a possible preclinical phase of the disease and raises questions about how to monitor these patients. The delayed progression to longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis after years of isolated seropositivity shows the diagnostic uncertainty in asymptomatic AQP4-IgG positive patients.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65086",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65086",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 293
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65087",
      "source_id": "65087",
      "abstract_number": "1-012",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-012",
      "title": "Treatment Works, Access Fails: Seronegative NMOSD in a Hispanic Safety-net Cohort",
      "authors": "Sarah W. Khan, MD; Eric p. Yeager, MD; Michael L. Palm, MD, FAAN; Hammad Sarwar; Ahsan Tariq, student",
      "presenting_author": "Sarah W. Khan, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sarah W. Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah W. Khan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UT Health San Antonio - Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric p. Yeager, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Eric p. Yeager",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UT Health San Antonio",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Yeager has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael L. Palm, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael L. Palm",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UT Health San Antonio",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Palm has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Member of the UCNS Accreditation Council with United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hammad Sarwar",
          "normalized_name": "Hammad Sarwar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Sarwar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahsan Tariq, student",
          "normalized_name": "Ahsan Tariq",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Tariq has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sarah W. Khan",
        "Eric p. Yeager",
        "Michael L. Palm",
        "Hammad Sarwar",
        "Ahsan Tariq"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UT Health San Antonio - Neurology",
        "UT Health San Antonio"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UT Health San Antonio - Neurology",
        "UT Health San Antonio"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sarah W. Khan, MD; Eric p. Yeager, MD; Michael L. Palm, MD, FAAN; Hammad Sarwar; Ahsan Tariq, student",
        "Affiliations": "UT Health San Antonio - Neurology\nUT Health San Antonio",
        "Objective": "To characterize clinical features, treatment outcomes, and access barriers in seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in a predominantly Hispanic safety-net population.",
        "Background": "Seronegative NMOSD accounts for up to 25% of cases. No randomized controlled trial data guide disease-modifying therapy (DMT) selection in this population, and Hispanic patients remain underrepresented in published cohorts. Access-barrier outcomes have not been systematically reported in seronegative NMOSD cohorts.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-center retrospective case series, January 2010 to March 2026. Inclusion required 2015 IPND criteria for seronegative NMOSD, AQP4-IgG negativity on validated cell-based assay (Mayo FACS or ARUP ELISA), and minimum 6-month follow-up. The pre-specified primary endpoint was relapse on current DMT, defined as relapse occurring after initiation of currently listed therapy; pre-treatment events, gap-related relapses, off-therapy relapses, and prior-therapy relapses were excluded.",
        "Results": "Of 179 charts reviewed (133 unique patients), 10 met inclusion criteria. Cohort: 80% Hispanic, 70% female; median follow-up 10 years. Index syndromes: longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis 60%, optic neuritis 30%, area postrema syndrome 10%. Two patients were non-assessable for the on-treatment endpoint (Patient 6, prednisone monotherapy; Patient 8, off DMT since 2022). Among the 8 assessable, 7 (87.5%) were relapse-free on current DMT. The single on-treatment relapse (Patient 10) had 3 relapses despite CD19 <10 at each, supporting pharmacodynamic rituximab failure. Among 8 with surveillance imaging on current DMT (Patients 3 and 6 lacked recent imaging due to clinical stability and access barriers), 0 showed new T2 or gadolinium-enhancing lesions. Treatment delays from insurance, financial, or access barriers were documented in 5 of 10 patients (50%); 3 had gaps with measurable clinical harm.",
        "Conclusions": "Seronegative NMOSD in this predominantly Hispanic South Texas safety-net cohort is clinically heterogeneous and associated with significant treatment access barriers. These findings support prospective registries enrolling seronegative and underserved populations with access-related outcomes alongside clinical measures.",
        "Disclosures": "Sarah W. Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nEric p. Yeager, MD: Mr. Yeager has nothing to disclose.\nMichael L. Palm, MD, FAAN: Dr. Palm has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Member of the UCNS Accreditation Council with United Council for Neurologic Subspecialties.\nHammad Sarwar: Mr. Sarwar has nothing to disclose.\nAhsan Tariq, student: Mr. Tariq has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Seronegative NMOSD in this predominantly Hispanic South Texas safety-net cohort is clinically heterogeneous and associated with significant treatment access barriers. These findings support prospective registries enrolling seronegative and underserved populations with access-related outcomes alongside clinical measures.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65087",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65087",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65088",
      "source_id": "65088",
      "abstract_number": "1-013",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-013",
      "title": "Breakthrough AQP4-Positive NMOSD on Ravulizumab: Implications of Incomplete Complement Inhibition and Therapeutic Switching",
      "authors": "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez, MD; Tamara Sleem, MD; Liam Townley, MD; Sarah E. Lam, MD; Michael V. Robers, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UMass Memorial Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Garcia-Dominguez has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tamara Sleem, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tamara Sleem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Barrow Neurological Institute",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Sleem has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Liam Townley, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Liam Townley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Townley has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah E. Lam, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah E. Lam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Barrow",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lam has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael V. Robers, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael V. Robers",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Barrow Neurological Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics. Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Robers has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez",
        "Tamara Sleem",
        "Liam Townley",
        "Sarah E. Lam",
        "Michael V. Robers"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UMass Memorial Medical Center",
        "Barrow Neurological Institute",
        "Barrow"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UMass Memorial Medical Center",
        "Barrow Neurological Institute",
        "Barrow"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez, MD; Tamara Sleem, MD; Liam Townley, MD; Sarah E. Lam, MD; Michael V. Robers, MD",
        "Affiliations": "UMass Memorial Medical Center\nBarrow Neurological Institute\nBarrow",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) positive NMOSD is a severe autoimmune demyelinating disease often managed with C5 complement inhibitors like Ravulizumab. This report details the first reported case of a patient experiencing a breakthrough exacerbation while adherent to Ravulizumab, highlighting the utility of complement monitoring and therapeutic challenges.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 30-year-old male, diagnosed with AQP4-positive NMOSD 1.5 years previously after a longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis found to have 1:1000 titer of AQP-4 antibody. He was adherent to Ravulizumab since that time with the longest variation from the ideal infusion date being 5 days. He then presented for 1 month of right vision loss. Exam found finger counting visual acuity OD with color vision loss and a large central scatoma. MRI revealed subtle enhancement in the right optic nerve. Free C5 levels are not commercially available, so Functional C5 Total C5 and C5a were tested. Functional C5 was reduced but not completely eliminated (13.8 normal range > 23), and C5a was normal, possibly indicating some successful breakdown of C5 into C5a and C5b consistent with incomplete complement inhibition. There was a significant amount of weight gained during observation period. Acute treatment involved high-dose intravenous corticosteroids for 5 days followed by plasmapheresis for 5 days, leading to only partial visual improvement (20/200 OD). Given the objective evidence of incomplete complement inhibition and the breakthrough disease, the patient opted to transition from Ravulizumab to Eculizumab for long-term management. Further C5a level monitoring is planned to guide ongoing therapy.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "This case, to the best of our knowledge, reports the first NMOSD relapse on Ravulizumab. We believe this was due to incomplete complement inhibition in the setting of significant amount of weight gain. It emphasizes the critical importance of objective complement activity monitoring to identify suboptimal blockade and guide crucial therapeutic decisions in patients with refractory NMOSD.",
        "Disclosures": "Maria A. Garcia-Dominguez, MD: Dr. Garcia-Dominguez has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Genentech.\nTamara Sleem, MD: Ms. Sleem has nothing to disclose.\nLiam Townley, MD: Dr. Townley has nothing to disclose.\nSarah E. Lam, MD: Dr. Lam has nothing to disclose.\nMichael V. Robers, MD: Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics. Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Robers has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Robers has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case, to the best of our knowledge, reports the first NMOSD relapse on Ravulizumab. We believe this was due to incomplete complement inhibition in the setting of significant amount of weight gain. It emphasizes the critical importance of objective complement activity monitoring to identify suboptimal blockade and guide crucial therapeutic decisions in patients with refractory NMOSD.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65088",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65088",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65089",
      "source_id": "65089",
      "abstract_number": "1-014",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-014",
      "title": "Painful Tonic Spasms in Sub Axial Cervical Long Segment Demyelination as a Supportive Diagnostic Indicator for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Series",
      "authors": "Krishna Kanth Ravi, MD, MBBS, DNB DM; Susmitha Yella, MD; Ragalikhith Kesamneni, Sr., MD",
      "presenting_author": "Krishna Kanth Ravi, MD, MBBS, DNB DM",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Krishna Kanth Ravi, MD, MBBS, DNB DM",
          "normalized_name": "Krishna Kanth Ravi",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "B3-701, VICTORIAN PALACE",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ravi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Susmitha Yella, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Susmitha Yella",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medilearn India",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yella has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ragalikhith Kesamneni, Sr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ragalikhith Kesamneni, Sr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kesamneni has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Krishna Kanth Ravi",
        "Susmitha Yella",
        "Ragalikhith Kesamneni, Sr"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "B3-701, VICTORIAN PALACE",
        "Medilearn India"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "B3-701, VICTORIAN PALACE",
        "Medilearn India"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Krishna Kanth Ravi, MD, MBBS, DNB DM; Susmitha Yella, MD; Ragalikhith Kesamneni, Sr., MD",
        "Affiliations": "B3-701, VICTORIAN PALACE\nMedilearn India",
        "Objective": "This study aims to bring the importance of paroxysmal stereotypic sub-axial cervical spinal movement disorder in diagnosing Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder",
        "Background": "Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating disease that has classic symptoms of optic neuritis, myelitis, and autoantibody to aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel, though broad variety of manifestations have been recognized.",
        "Design/Methods": "This is a case series of seven patients presented with sub axial cervical long segment demyelination between October 2025 to January 2026 enrolled after informed consent. Morbidity by Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was noted at admission and discharge.",
        "Results": "Among the 7 patients of demyelination, 2 (28.5%) were multiple sclerosis, 3 (42.8%) were NMOSD, and 2 (28.5%) were seronegative immune-mediated. Clinical features of motor weakness are present in all cases. Optic neuritis only in 1 case of NMOSD. Among NMOSD, all 3 (100%) had painful tonic spasm at a mean duration of 18 days Mean CSF protein among NMOSD was the least, with 79, for MS was 126, and for seronegative it was 135.5. Serum aquaporin 4 was positive in all 3 NMOSD, and OCB was positive among 2 multiple sclerosis patients. Imaging showed all 3 of NMOSD (100%) had sub axial cervical involvement. 2 of MS (100%) showed short-segment sub axial involvement. Optic neuritis and brain involvement are present in 1 among both the MS and NMOSD groups. Mean MRS at admission was 4, and at discharge was 3 among NMOSD, whereas mean MRS was 4.5 among MS at admission and at discharge was 3.5.",
        "Conclusions": "All 3 seropositive NMOSD patients had both long-segment cervical demyelination as well as tonic spasms at a mean period of 18 days. The other 4, who have cervical demyelination, did not have spasms or Aquaporin 4 positive. Hence combination of sub axial cervical demyelination with tonic spasms had high diagnostic significance",
        "Disclosures": "Krishna Kanth Ravi, MD, MBBS, DNB DM: Dr. Ravi has nothing to disclose.\nSusmitha Yella, MD: Dr. Yella has nothing to disclose.\nRagalikhith Kesamneni, Sr., MD: Dr. Kesamneni has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "All 3 seropositive NMOSD patients had both long-segment cervical demyelination as well as tonic spasms at a mean period of 18 days. The other 4, who have cervical demyelination, did not have spasms or Aquaporin 4 positive. Hence combination of sub axial cervical demyelination with tonic spasms had high diagnostic significance",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65089",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65089",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65090",
      "source_id": "65090",
      "abstract_number": "1-015",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-015",
      "title": "Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Unusual Dystonic Manifestation: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Veronica M. Andrade; Daniel F. Guijo, MD; Edison Vasquez, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Veronica M. Andrade",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Veronica M. Andrade",
          "normalized_name": "Veronica M. Andrade",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Andrade has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel F. Guijo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel F. Guijo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Daniel F. Guijo, MD has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Edison Vasquez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Edison Vasquez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. VASQUEZ has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Veronica M. Andrade",
        "Daniel F. Guijo",
        "Edison Vasquez"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Veronica M. Andrade; Daniel F. Guijo, MD; Edison Vasquez, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of an atypical motor manifestation (dystonia) of AQP4-positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD).",
        "Background": "Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the optic nerves and spinal cord, causing acute myelitis. Although motor complications are well known, secondary dystonia resulting from myelin lesions remains an underreported manifestation that can significantly affect the patient's quality of life.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A.",
        "Results": "A 64-year-old Ecuadorian woman with a history of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis developed progressive right hemiparesis and sensory loss over a period of three months. MRI revealed an extensive longitudinal spinal cord lesion from the medulla oblonglata to C6-C7. Serum AQP4-IgG was positive, confirming NMOSD. During follow-up, the patient developed generalized right dystonia, characterized by adductive-extensor shoulder posture with forearm supination, wrist flexion and knee extension. Management included high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, maintenance immunotherapy with rituximab, and repeated injections of botulinum toxin A targeting the dystonic muscles (pectoralis major, trapezius, quadriceps, among others), with partial symptomatic improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "Dystonia secondary to extensive myelitis is a rare manifestation of NMOSD. It is important to emphasize that these disorders can develop months after the onset of the disease. The treatment of choice for NMOSD is immunotherapy, which in this case was combined with botulinum toxin A, demonstrating that comprehensive management significantly improves relapse rates.",
        "Disclosures": "Veronica M. Andrade: Ms. Andrade has nothing to disclose.\nDaniel F. Guijo, MD: Daniel F. Guijo, MD has nothing to disclose.\nEdison Vasquez, MD: Dr. VASQUEZ has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Dystonia secondary to extensive myelitis is a rare manifestation of NMOSD. It is important to emphasize that these disorders can develop months after the onset of the disease. The treatment of choice for NMOSD is immunotherapy, which in this case was combined with botulinum toxin A, demonstrating that comprehensive management significantly improves relapse rates.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65090",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65090",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 217
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65091",
      "source_id": "65091",
      "abstract_number": "1-016",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-016",
      "title": "Diagnostic Accuracy in Referrals to Autoimmune Neurology Subspecialty Clinic",
      "authors": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD; Audrey Lawrence; Haroon Z. Ahmad, MD; Lily Pham, MD; Anjeli Inscore, PsyD; David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah E. Fredrich",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland Baltimore",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fredrich has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Audrey Lawrence",
          "normalized_name": "Audrey Lawrence",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Lawrence has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Haroon Z. Ahmad, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Haroon Z. Ahmad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland, Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lily Pham, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lily Pham",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pham has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anjeli Inscore, PsyD",
          "normalized_name": "Anjeli Inscore, PsyD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Inscore has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "David R. Benavides",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Benavides has received research support from F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sarah E. Fredrich",
        "Audrey Lawrence",
        "Haroon Z. Ahmad",
        "Lily Pham",
        "Anjeli Inscore, PsyD",
        "David R. Benavides"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Maryland Baltimore",
        "University of Maryland, Neurology",
        "University of Maryland",
        "University of Maryland School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Maryland Baltimore",
        "University of Maryland, Neurology",
        "University of Maryland",
        "University of Maryland School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD; Audrey Lawrence; Haroon Z. Ahmad, MD; Lily Pham, MD; Anjeli Inscore, PsyD; David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Maryland Baltimore\nUniversity of Maryland, Neurology\nUniversity of Maryland\nUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To evaluate antineural antibody testing practices and diagnostic accuracy in patients referred for suspected autoimmune neurological disease, comparing pre-referral evaluation with subspecialty-guided assessment.",
        "Background": "Inappropriate testing of antineural antibody panels contributes to diagnostic uncertainty and unnecessary treatment. Standardized application of pre-test probability tools, such as APE2 score, may improve antibody panel stewardship.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively analyzed 50 consecutive patients evaluated in a newly established autoimmune neurology outpatient clinic. Antineural antibody testing by referring providers was compared with subspecialty-guided testing practices incorporating standardized approaches. Outcomes included appropriateness of testing, need for repeat testing, and concordance between referral and final diagnoses.",
        "Results": "Most referral patients underwent antineural antibody testing prior to referral, frequently without structured clinical phenotype characterization. Many positive panels required repeat testing for confirmatory, gold-standard assessment often due to non-standard methodologies or incomplete evaluation. Subspecialty-guided application of clinical scores reduced unnecessary testing and improved alignment between clinical phenotype and testing strategy. Diagnostic discordance between referral and final diagnosis was common, with frequent reclassification to non-autoimmune conditions.",
        "Conclusions": "Non-standardized antineural antibody testing prior to subspecialty evaluation is common and contributes to false positive and diagnostic uncertainty. Use of clinical scores may improve antibody stewardship, reduce unnecessary testing, and enhance diagnostic accuracy. These findings support broader adoption of standardized diagnostic frameworks for suspected autoimmune neurological disease.",
        "Disclosures": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD: Dr. Fredrich has nothing to disclose.\nAudrey Lawrence: Ms. Lawrence has nothing to disclose.\nHaroon Z. Ahmad, MD: Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose.\nLily Pham, MD: Dr. Pham has nothing to disclose.\nAnjeli Inscore, PsyD: Dr. Inscore has nothing to disclose.\nDavid R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Benavides has received research support from F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Non-standardized antineural antibody testing prior to subspecialty evaluation is common and contributes to false positive and diagnostic uncertainty. Use of clinical scores may improve antibody stewardship, reduce unnecessary testing, and enhance diagnostic accuracy. These findings support broader adoption of standardized diagnostic frameworks for suspected autoimmune neurological disease.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65091",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65091",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 210
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65092",
      "source_id": "65092",
      "abstract_number": "1-017",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-017",
      "title": "Comprehensive Neural Antibody Testing Broadens the Diagnostic Spectrum of Autoimmune Neurological Disease in a Multi-ethnic Southeast Asian Cohort",
      "authors": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Yihui Goh, MBBS; Derek T. Soon, MBBS, PhD; Wei Ping Kay Ng, MD; Raymond C. Seet, MD; Benjamin Ong, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy M. Quek",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yihui Goh, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yihui Goh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Goh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Derek T. Soon, MBBS, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Derek T. Soon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NUHS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Soon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Legal Clinic."
        },
        {
          "name": "Wei Ping Kay Ng, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Wei Ping Kay Ng",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ng has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Raymond C. Seet, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Raymond C. Seet",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University of Singapore",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Seet has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Benjamin Ong, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Benjamin Ong",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Ong has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amy M. Quek",
        "Yihui Goh",
        "Derek T. Soon",
        "Wei Ping Kay Ng",
        "Raymond C. Seet",
        "Benjamin Ong"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "National University Hospital",
        "NUHS",
        "National University of Singapore"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "National University Hospital",
        "NUHS",
        "National University of Singapore"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Yihui Goh, MBBS; Derek T. Soon, MBBS, PhD; Wei Ping Kay Ng, MD; Raymond C. Seet, MD; Benjamin Ong, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "National University Hospital\nNUHS\nNational University of Singapore",
        "Objective": "To describe temporal trends, positivity rates and antibody spectrum identified through neural antibody testing at a single tertiary academic centre in Singapore.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune encephalitis and paraneoplastic neurological disorders are treatable but readily missed when antibody testing is limited. In Southeast Asia, locally available commercial cell-based assays cover a narrow antibody subset, and the disease spectrum detectable through comprehensive panel testing has not been systematically described.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective review of patients who underwent neural antibody testing at the National University Hospital, Singapore between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2024. Patients included had standalone NMDAR cell-based assay (CBA) locally, and/or paraneoplastic (PNEO) and autoimmune encephalopathy (ENC) panels at the Mayo Clinic Neuroimmunology Laboratory. Patients tested only for AQP4 and MOG were excluded.",
        "Results": "Of 1465 patients tested, 925 met inclusion criteria (median age 51 years, IQR 17-67; 53% female; Chinese 67.9%, Malay 13.1%, Indian 7.5%, others 11.5%). A total of 2168 neural antibody tests were performed: 1278 panels (1125 ENC, 153 PNEO), and 890 CBAs (performed locally or via separate referral for NMDAR, glycine receptor, AQP4, MOG); 513 of 751 panel-tested patients (68%) had paired serum and CSF. Ninety patients (9.7%) had clinically significant seropositivity, spanning nineteen distinct neural antibodies. The most frequent were NMDAR (n=29), VGCC P/Q-type (n=15), GFAP (n=8), GABA-B (n=7), LGI1 (n=7) and high titre GAD65 (n=6); rarer antibodies included mGluR1, IgLON5, AP3B2, and AMPAR. Seventeen patients (18.9%) had two or more coexisting antibodies.",
        "Conclusions": "Comprehensive testing in this seven-year multi-ethnic Southeast Asian cohort identified a diverse neural antibody spectrum, including rarer antibodies undetectable by currently available commercial assays. These findings suggest the apparent rarity of certain antibody-mediated neurological disorders in this region may reflect limits of regional testing rather than true differences in disease frequency and support a broadened approach to antibody evaluation in patients with suspected autoimmune neurological disease.",
        "Disclosures": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS: The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca.\nYihui Goh, MBBS: Dr. Goh has nothing to disclose.\nDerek T. Soon, MBBS, PhD: Dr. Soon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Legal Clinic.\nWei Ping Kay Ng, MD: Dr. Ng has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca.\nRaymond C. Seet, MD: Dr. Seet has nothing to disclose.\nBenjamin Ong, MBBS: Prof. Ong has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Comprehensive testing in this seven-year multi-ethnic Southeast Asian cohort identified a diverse neural antibody spectrum, including rarer antibodies undetectable by currently available commercial assays. These findings suggest the apparent rarity of certain antibody-mediated neurological disorders in this region may reflect limits of regional testing rather than true differences in disease frequency and support a broadened a…",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65092",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65092",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 314
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65093",
      "source_id": "65093",
      "abstract_number": "1-018",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-018",
      "title": "Movement Disorders in Susac Syndrome",
      "authors": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD; Vera Nemsadze, MD; Ahmed Abbas, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mahmoud Elkhooly",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Elkhooly has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vera Nemsadze, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Vera Nemsadze",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Iashvili childrens hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nemsadze has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmed Abbas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmed Abbas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abbas has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mahmoud Elkhooly",
        "Vera Nemsadze",
        "Ahmed Abbas"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Iashvili childrens hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Iashvili childrens hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD; Vera Nemsadze, MD; Ahmed Abbas, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Iashvili childrens hospital",
        "Objective": "We examined the frequency and the type of movement disorders in the published literature among patients with Susac syndrome.",
        "Background": "Susac syndrome is a rare disease characterized by an inflammatory microangiopathy limited to the vessels of the brain, eyes, and ears. Young women are primarily affected. Recent findings support a primitive vasculitis affecting the cerebral, retinal, and cochlear small arteries, although the mechanism remains unclear. The diagnosis is based on the identification of the triad: subacute encephalopathy, bilateral occlusion of the retinal arterial branches on fundoscopy, and hearing loss. Movement abnormalities are still underreported in the disease, though. We outline the types and prevalence of movement disorders found in the literature.",
        "Design/Methods": "A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, in accordance with PRISMA criteria. Movement disorders, tremors, chorea, dystonia, ataxia, myoclonus, nystagmus, and Susac syndrome are the terms that have been used. We considered ten studies in our analysis.",
        "Results": "A total of 189 patients were included, with a mean age of 31 ± 2.16 years and 72.5% being female. Ataxia was identified in 84.7% of cases (160 out of 189 patients), while eye movement abnormalities, including nystagmus or saccadic ocular pursuit, were present in 15.3% (29 out of 189 patients). Some patients exhibited more than one type of movement disorder.",
        "Conclusions": "Among those with Susac syndrome, ataxias are among the most reported movement disorders. Clinicians should be aware of these symptoms to aid in differential diagnosis.",
        "Disclosures": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD: Dr. Elkhooly has nothing to disclose.\nVera Nemsadze, MD: Dr. Nemsadze has nothing to disclose.\nAhmed Abbas, MD: Dr. Abbas has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Among those with Susac syndrome, ataxias are among the most reported movement disorders. Clinicians should be aware of these symptoms to aid in differential diagnosis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65093",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65093",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 240
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65094",
      "source_id": "65094",
      "abstract_number": "1-019",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-019",
      "title": "Diagnostic Challenges of Bipolar Disorder in a Patient with Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Hannah Stokan, BS; Evan Hassan, BS; Presley Limon, Medical Student; Nadeen Gonna, MD; Paul Brindley; Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana",
      "presenting_author": "Hannah Stokan, BS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Hannah Stokan, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Hannah Stokan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Stokan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Evan Hassan, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Evan Hassan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hassan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Presley Limon, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Presley Limon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Limon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nadeen Gonna, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nadeen Gonna",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gonna has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Paul Brindley",
          "normalized_name": "Paul Brindley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Paul Brindley has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Hannah Stokan",
        "Evan Hassan",
        "Presley Limon",
        "Nadeen Gonna",
        "Paul Brindley",
        "Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Hannah Stokan, BS; Evan Hassan, BS; Presley Limon, Medical Student; Nadeen Gonna, MD; Paul Brindley; Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana",
        "Objective": "To highlight diagnostic challenges in differentiating autoimmune encephalitis (AE) relapse from primary psychiatric illness in patients with prior seronegative AE presenting with symptoms of acute mania.",
        "Background": "AE commonly presents with prominent psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, mania, and behavioral dysregulation. In patients with a history of AE-related neuropsychiatric illness, distinguishing relapse from a primary psychiatric disorder is difficult. We report a case of a 28-year-old male with a history of seronegative AE diagnosed at age 17, with multiple prior relapses responsive to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasmapheresis. Clinical history, collateral information from his family and primary neurologist, hospital course, and treatment response during an inpatient psychiatric admission were reviewed.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case Report",
        "Results": "The patient presented with acute manic symptoms, including decreased need for sleep, impulsivity, hyperreligiosity, irritability, and disorganized thought processes, following several days of minimal sleep and increased substance use. Despite recent empiric IVIG treatment for presumed AE relapse, symptoms persisted. Neurological examination remained stable without new focal deficits or seizures. Collateral from the treating neurologist indicated that the presentation was inconsistent with prior AE relapses. Previous episodes typically followed illnesses, presented with neurological features, and responded to immunotherapy. During hospitalization, the patient was treated with valproate and olanzapine, resulting in progressive symptomatic improvement, including restoration of sleep, mood stabilization, and improved thought organization. No further immunotherapy was administered. The patient was discharged after 15 days with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, current episode manic.",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores the importance of careful clinical differentiation between AE relapse and primary mood disorders in patients with prior AE. Treatment response, longitudinal history, and collateral input are critical in guiding management. Repeat immunotherapy may be avoided when clinical features and course suggest a primary psychiatric etiology, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary evaluation.",
        "Disclosures": "Hannah Stokan, BS: Ms. Stokan has nothing to disclose.\nEvan Hassan, BS: Mr. Hassan has nothing to disclose.\nPresley Limon, Medical Student: Ms. Limon has nothing to disclose.\nNadeen Gonna, MD: Dr. Gonna has nothing to disclose.\nPaul Brindley: Paul Brindley has nothing to disclose.\nAshley Brizendine-Wijayawardana: Ashley Brizendine-Wijayawardana has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores the importance of careful clinical differentiation between AE relapse and primary mood disorders in patients with prior AE. Treatment response, longitudinal history, and collateral input are critical in guiding management. Repeat immunotherapy may be avoided when clinical features and course suggest a primary psychiatric etiology, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary evaluation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65094",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65094",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 289
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65095",
      "source_id": "65095",
      "abstract_number": "1-020",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-020",
      "title": "Continued Cerebellar Degeneration in Immune-mediated Ataxias Despite Absence of Inflammatory Activity",
      "authors": "Elif Dogan, MD; Gina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Elif Dogan, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Elif Dogan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elif Dogan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dogan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Gina S. Perez-Giraldo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of TG therapeutics. Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Elif Dogan",
        "Gina S. Perez-Giraldo"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Elif Dogan, MD; Gina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD",
        "Objective": "To illustrate the challenge of progressive cerebellar degeneration in autoimmune cerebellar ataxias despite immunotherapy.",
        "Background": "The relationship between inflammatory activity and neurodegeneration in immune-mediated cerebellar ataxias remains poorly understood. No evidence-based guidelines define the optimal duration of immunotherapy after clinical stabilization or absence of active inflammation.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 53-year-old woman presented with progressive dysarthria, dysphagia, dysmetria, and ataxia. MRI showed cerebellar atrophy. Workup revealed CRMP5 antibody positivity. She received steroids, IVIG, and plasma exchange without improvement; cyclophosphamide stabilized her clinical course. Seven years after onset, PET revealed non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and rituximab was initiated. She remained radiologically stable without new lesions. However, has worsened clinically, and developed progressive brainstem and cerebellar atrophy. A 47-year-old woman presented with three years of progressive imbalance, dysarthria, diplopia, and dysphagia. A prior episode of SIADH and psychosis suggested earlier autoimmune disease. MRI showed persistent enhancing supra- and infratentorial lesions over five years. Extensive evaluation was initially negative, including negative autoantibodies in serum and CSF and genetic testing. IVIG provided partial benefit, and she was maintained on rituximab. Despite resolution of enhancing lesions, ataxia and cerebellar atrophy progressed. A 49-year-old man presented with progressive imbalance and dysarthria. MRI showed brainstem T2 hyperintensities with punctate enhancement. Steroids led to mild clinical but no radiologic improvement. Rituximab did not provide improvement. He later developed additional CNS lesions; systemic workup was negative. Infliximab resolved neuroinflammation, and prevented new lesions, but cerebellar degeneration progressed clinically and radiographically. Genetic testing for cerebellar ataxia was negative.",
        "Conclusions": "Cerebellar degeneration may progress despite control of neuroinflammation with immunotherapy. This dissociation underscores the need for biomarkers to distinguish neuroinflammatory disease from irreversible neurodegeneration and to guide optimal immunotherapy duration and intensity.",
        "Disclosures": "Elif Dogan, MD: Dr. Dogan has nothing to disclose.\nGina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD: Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of TG therapeutics. Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Cerebellar degeneration may progress despite control of neuroinflammation with immunotherapy. This dissociation underscores the need for biomarkers to distinguish neuroinflammatory disease from irreversible neurodegeneration and to guide optimal immunotherapy duration and intensity.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65095",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65095",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 275
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65096",
      "source_id": "65096",
      "abstract_number": "1-021",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-021",
      "title": "A Relapsing Autoimmune CNS Disorder with Dynamic Pleocytosis Following COVID-19 Vaccination",
      "authors": "Elif Dogan, MD; Gina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Elif Dogan, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Elif Dogan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elif Dogan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dogan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Gina S. Perez-Giraldo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of TG therapeutics. Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Elif Dogan",
        "Gina S. Perez-Giraldo"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Elif Dogan, MD; Gina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe a challenging case of a recurrent autoimmune CNS disorder following Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccination.",
        "Background": "Post-vaccination inflammatory CNS syndromes are increasingly recognized but remain diagnostically challenging, particularly when clinical and laboratory findings are atypical or evolving. Disease course and optimal immunotherapy duration remain unclear.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "45-year-old woman presented with fever and new-onset intractable headache with meningismus within one week of receiving COVID-19 vaccine. Initial CSF analysis demonstrated leukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance. MRI brain showed mild diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement. She was empirically treated for bacterial meningitis. CSF cultures and viral studies, including HSV-1/HSV-2 PCR, was negative. During her course, she developed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, raising concern for Cogan syndrome; however, other systemic findings including interstitial keratitis were negative. She was readmitted with recurrent fever, worsening headache. Serial lumbar punctures demonstrated dynamic CSF pleocytosis, with neutrophilic predominance during febrile episodes and lymphocytic predominance when afebrile. Extensive evaluation, including CSF autoimmune encephalitis panel (including GFAP-IgG), MOG antibodies, CSF flow cytometry, PET imaging, and genetic testing for periodic fever syndromes, was unrevealing. Brain biopsy was unremarkable. Evaluation for systemic vasculitis, sarcoidosis, IgG4-related disease, and Behçet disease was negative. Over time, the patient developed persistent chronic cough of unclear etiology despite negative systemic and pulmonary evaluations, raising concern for neurogenic cough. The patient demonstrated partial clinical response to corticosteroids but experienced relapses during tapering. Mycophenolate mofetil provided limited benefit. Significant clinical and radiographic improvement was observed following initiation of rituximab.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights a relapsing autoimmune CNS disorder with CSF pleocytosis and leptomeningeal involvement following COVID-19 vaccination. The patient’s relapsing course over years and marked response to B-cell depletion support autoimmune mechanism. While autoimmune neurological events after Ad26.COV2. S vaccination have been reported, this case is notable for relapsing trajectory and highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, including uncertainty regarding optimal immunotherapy duration.",
        "Disclosures": "Elif Dogan, MD: Dr. Dogan has nothing to disclose.\nGina S. Perez-Giraldo, MD: Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of TG therapeutics. Dr. Perez-Giraldo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights a relapsing autoimmune CNS disorder with CSF pleocytosis and leptomeningeal involvement following COVID-19 vaccination. The patient’s relapsing course over years and marked response to B-cell depletion support autoimmune mechanism. While autoimmune neurological events after Ad26.COV2.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65096",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65096",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 304
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65097",
      "source_id": "65097",
      "abstract_number": "1-022",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-022",
      "title": "Beyond the Typical: Atypical Imaging Features of Leptomeningeal Enhancement",
      "authors": "Mohammad Hani, MBBS; MOHAMMAD ALKHALDI, MD; Hafiz Talha Javed, MD; Mohamad M. Assker, MBBS; Rucha Bahekar, MBBS; Parissa A. Feizi, MD; Shitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Mohammad Hani, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mohammad Hani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammad Hani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Arkansas for medical sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "MOHAMMAD ALKHALDI, MD",
          "normalized_name": "MOHAMMAD ALKHALDI",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. ALKHALDI has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hafiz Talha Javed, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Hafiz Talha Javed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Javed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mohamad M. Assker, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mohamad M. Assker",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Sharjah",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Assker has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rucha Bahekar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rucha Bahekar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UAMS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bahekar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Parissa A. Feizi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Parissa A. Feizi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "WVU Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Feizi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Shitiz K. Sriwastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sriwastava has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mohammad Hani",
        "MOHAMMAD ALKHALDI",
        "Hafiz Talha Javed",
        "Mohamad M. Assker",
        "Rucha Bahekar",
        "Parissa A. Feizi",
        "Shitiz K. Sriwastava"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Arkansas for medical sciences",
        "University of Sharjah",
        "UAMS",
        "WVU Neurology",
        "University Arkansas for Medical Sciences"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Arkansas for medical sciences",
        "University of Sharjah",
        "UAMS",
        "WVU Neurology",
        "University Arkansas for Medical Sciences"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mohammad Hani, MBBS; MOHAMMAD ALKHALDI, MD; Hafiz Talha Javed, MD; Mohamad M. Assker, MBBS; Rucha Bahekar, MBBS; Parissa A. Feizi, MD; Shitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "University of Arkansas for medical sciences\nUniversity of Sharjah\nUAMS\nWVU Neurology\nUniversity Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
        "Objective": "Characterizing leptomeningeal enhancement patterns may help guiding further investigations to reach accurate diagnoses.",
        "Background": "Leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on contrasted MRI is an indicator of blood brain barrier compromise and can be caused a variety of neurological and systemic disorders including neoplastic and inflammatory conditions as well as infections.",
        "Design/Methods": "This case series presents six patients chosen using convenience sampling that had a variety of diagnoses including spindle cell neoplasm, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma, tuberculosis, HIV meningitis, and possible neurosarcoidosis. Clinical presentations, laboratory investigations, imaging characteristics, and outcomes were analyzed and presented.",
        "Results": "LME patterns varied by etiology. Glioblastoma demonstrated diffuse nodular thickening of the cauda equina with cranial nerve involvement. DLBCL showed extensive thick LME involving the distal conus and lumbosacral nerve roots. Gastric adenocarcinoma metastatic lesions produced diffuse, thick LME of the posterior fossa, cerebellar folia, brainstem, and basal cisterns with hydrocephalus. Tuberculosis exhibited localized LME in the left insular fissure with parenchymal enhancing foci. HIV meningitis revealed confluent diffuse LME, more extensive than typical viral meningitis. Possible neurosarcoidosis showed diffuse smooth-to-nodular LME of the lower thoracic cord, conus medullaris, and suprasellar cistern.",
        "Conclusions": "LME patterns on MRI may demonstrate etiology-specific characteristics that may guide diagnostic evaluation. Some cases don’t follow common patterns and can be challenging to diagnose.",
        "Disclosures": "Mohammad Hani, MBBS: Dr. Hani has nothing to disclose.\nMOHAMMAD ALKHALDI, MD: Dr. ALKHALDI has nothing to disclose.\nHafiz Talha Javed, MD: Dr. Javed has nothing to disclose.\nMohamad M. Assker, MBBS: Mr. Assker has nothing to disclose.\nRucha Bahekar, MBBS: Dr. Bahekar has nothing to disclose.\nParissa A. Feizi, MD: Dr. Feizi has nothing to disclose.\nShitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS: Dr. Sriwastava has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "LME patterns on MRI may demonstrate etiology-specific characteristics that may guide diagnostic evaluation. Some cases don’t follow common patterns and can be challenging to diagnose.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65097",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65097",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 211
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65098",
      "source_id": "65098",
      "abstract_number": "1-023",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-023",
      "title": "Primary CNS Lymphoma Initially Misdiagnosed as Demyelinating Disease and then Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease",
      "authors": "Jessica V. Amos, MD; Nidhiben A. Anadani, MD; Michel T. Torbey, MD, MPH, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Jessica V. Amos, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jessica V. Amos, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jessica V. Amos",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Amos has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nidhiben A. Anadani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nidhiben A. Anadani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Anadani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michel T. Torbey, MD, MPH, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michel T. Torbey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Oklahoma",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Torbey has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jessica V. Amos",
        "Nidhiben A. Anadani",
        "Michel T. Torbey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center",
        "University of Oklahoma"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center",
        "University of Oklahoma"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jessica V. Amos, MD; Nidhiben A. Anadani, MD; Michel T. Torbey, MD, MPH, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center\nUniversity of Oklahoma",
        "Objective": "We report a case of Primary CNS Lymphoma presenting with atypical symptoms overlapping with features of other neurological disorders, diagnosis further complicated by false-positive 14-3-3 protein and RT-QuIC.",
        "Background": "69-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis and remote breast cancer presented with an 18-month history of progressive fatigue, nausea and vomiting, cognitive impairment, gait instability with resulting recurrent falls, and lower extremity weakness. Brain MRI showed multifocal white matter lesions thought initially to be acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM. CSF analysis showed elevated protein and myelin basic protein and no oligoclonal bands. She then received rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and IVIG but her symptoms worsened, with expressive aphasia, dysphagia, and weakness. Serial MRIs revealed new, enhancing periventricular and deep white matter lesions. A brain biopsy showed inflammatory changes suggestive of demyelination. Further workup revealed CSF 14-3-3 and RT-QuIC positivity suspicious for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A second biopsy performed revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with MYD88 L265P mutation, confirming primary CNS lymphoma. She received high-dose methotrexate, Rituximab, and Temozolomide with marked clinical and radiographic improvement.",
        "Design/Methods": "Care report/ literature review",
        "Results": "PCNSL is a rare CNS malignancy that presents with various neurological symptoms. Misdiagnosis common due to nonspecific symptoms and imaging findings that could overlap with other pathology. Immunosuppressive treatment may obscure histopathological findings of CNS lymphomas, further complicating the diagnosis. CSF biomarkers such as 14-3-3 and RT-QuIC, previously thought to be highly specific for prion disease, can be false positives in the setting of CNS inflammation or malignancies as demonstrated in our case.",
        "Conclusions": "PCNSL should be in the differential diagnosis in rapidly progressive dementia. Biomarkers traditionally associated with CJD should be interpreted with caution. Immunosuppression might obscure biopsy results, so repeat biopsy might be needed in such cases.",
        "Disclosures": "Jessica V. Amos, MD: Mrs. Amos has nothing to disclose.\nNidhiben A. Anadani, MD: Dr. Anadani has nothing to disclose.\nMichel T. Torbey, MD, MPH, FAAN: Dr. Torbey has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "PCNSL should be in the differential diagnosis in rapidly progressive dementia. Biomarkers traditionally associated with CJD should be interpreted with caution. Immunosuppression might obscure biopsy results, so repeat biopsy might be needed in such cases.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65098",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65098",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 279
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65099",
      "source_id": "65099",
      "abstract_number": "1-024",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-024",
      "title": "Hypogammaglobulinemia Independent of Immunotherapy in Individuals with Autoimmune Neurologic Diseases: Insights from a Single Center Case Series",
      "authors": "Jonathan Trout, MD; Sydney Lee, MD; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Jonathan Trout, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Trout, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Trout",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Trout has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sydney Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sydney Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jonathan Trout",
        "Sydney Lee",
        "Melissa A. Wright",
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Tammy L. Smith",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jonathan Trout, MD; Sydney Lee, MD; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah\nU of U Neurology Clinic\nImaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Objective": "To discuss cases of autoimmune neurologic disease with hypogammaglobulinemia independent of immunotherapy.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune neurologic diseases are commonly treated with immune modulating medications, some of which may directly (e.g. PLEX) or indirectly (e.g. B cell-depleting therapies) lead to hypogammaglobulinemia. Hypogammaglobulinemia can be identified during initial laboratory screening or while receiving ongoing immunotherapy for the management of these conditions. Identification of hypogammaglobulinemia may suggest underlying immunodeficiency, warranting additional investigation and treatment to prevent infections while also preventing clinical relapse or disease progression.",
        "Design/Methods": "This is a retrospective case series of individuals seen at the University of Utah Autoimmune Neurology Clinic who met the following criteria: (1) diagnosis of autoimmune neurologic disease and (2) diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia (low IgG, IgA and/or IgM) prior to initiation or long after discontinuation of immunotherapy, or that was disproportionate to immunotherapy.",
        "Results": "Three individuals with 3 distinct autoimmune neurologic diseases and treatment-independent hypogammaglobulinemia were identified: (1) NMDAR encephalitis (NMDARE), (2) MOGAD, and (3) NMOSD. 1/3 individuals had baseline immunoglobulins prior to treatment initiation. All were treated with rituximab during the course of their disease. The individuals with NMDARE and MOGAD were found to have acquired hypogammaglobulinemia during laboratory monitoring following >6 months from last rituximab dose and in the setting of significant infection. The individual with NMOSD was found to have combined variable immunodeficiency in the setting of a VAV1 gene variant, suggesting hereditary immunodeficiency. All experienced long-term control of their autoimmune neurologic conditions without recurrent infections while on IVIG.",
        "Conclusions": "Hypogammaglobulinemia independent of immunotherapy is a rare condition identified in patients diagnosed with autoimmune neurologic diseases. Clinicians should check quantitative immunoglobulins at baseline to minimize etiologic uncertainty, and monitor levels while treating patients with immunotherapy. Assessing for occult hypogammaglobulinemia and immunodeficiency allows physicians to mitigate associated risks that may be exacerbated while on immunotherapy.",
        "Disclosures": "Jonathan Trout, MD: Dr. Trout has nothing to disclose.\nSydney Lee, MD: Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose.\nMelissa A. Wright, MD: Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis .\nKa-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nTammy L. Smith, MD, PhD: Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Hypogammaglobulinemia independent of immunotherapy is a rare condition identified in patients diagnosed with autoimmune neurologic diseases. Clinicians should check quantitative immunoglobulins at baseline to minimize etiologic uncertainty, and monitor levels while treating patients with immunotherapy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65099",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65099",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65100",
      "source_id": "65100",
      "abstract_number": "1-025",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-025",
      "title": "Clinical Characterization of Autoimmune Encephalitis Patients Enrolled in a University Medical Center Biorepository",
      "authors": "Samantha Hao, MD; Anna J. Tomczak, MSc; Jeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN; Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Samantha Hao, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Samantha Hao, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Samantha Hao",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Hao has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anna J. Tomczak, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Anna J. Tomczak",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford",
          "disclosure": "Miss Tomczak has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey E. Dunn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Progentec Diagnostics. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Dunn has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jamie C. McDonald",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Samantha Hao",
        "Anna J. Tomczak",
        "Jeffrey E. Dunn",
        "Jamie C. McDonald"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford",
        "Stanford University Medical Center",
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford",
        "Stanford University Medical Center",
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Samantha Hao, MD; Anna J. Tomczak, MSc; Jeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN; Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford\nStanford University Medical Center\nStanford University",
        "Objective": "Clinical characterization of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) enrolled in Project BIG (Brain Immune Gut), the Stanford biorepository for central nervous system (CNS) disease.",
        "Background": "AE is a heterogeneous group of disorders defined by immune-mediated attack of the CNS; the spectrum of clinical presentations remains broad. Given the rarity of AE, management is often guided by limited data and varies with severity of disease. Project BIG is an interdisciplinary effort to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum, and fecal samples from patients with inflammatory CNS disease seen at Stanford; clinical characterization of enrolled AE patients is crucial to supporting further analyses to identify immune profiles that may guide future treatment.",
        "Design/Methods": "We reviewed the clinical course and initial diagnostic studies, including electroencephalogram (EEG), imaging, and CSF results, of AE patients enrolled in Project BIG (n=18). Longitudinal records were reviewed to assess acute treatment and any chronic immunosuppression.",
        "Results": "The most common AE were NMDAR and LGI1 encephalitis. Initial EEG studies were largely abnormal, ranging from diffuse slowing to focal seizures; notably, one LGI1 patient had a normal initial EEG. CSF results were notable for lack of pleocytosis in LGI1 patients. In the acute treatment phase, most patients (n=15) were treated with high-dose steroids; 13 patients were subsequently started on long-term immunosuppression (rituximab or IVIG). Seizures, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and cognitive impairment were common on initial clinical presentation.",
        "Conclusions": "The clinical presentations of AE patients were consistent with existing clinical criteria. Interestingly, CSF pleocytosis was not seen in LGI1 patients, reinforcing that a high index of clinical suspicion should be maintained for LGI1 encephalitis with the appropriate clinical syndrome. Despite appropriate acute treatment with high-dose steroids, most patients required escalation of treatment and long-term immunosuppression, reflecting the persistent impairment often seen in AE patients. Future directions include cytokine profiling and single-cell transcriptomics to define immune signatures.",
        "Disclosures": "Samantha Hao, MD: Ms. Hao has nothing to disclose.\nAnna J. Tomczak, MSc: Miss Tomczak has nothing to disclose.\nJeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Progentec Diagnostics. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Dunn has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJamie C. McDonald, MD: Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The clinical presentations of AE patients were consistent with existing clinical criteria. Interestingly, CSF pleocytosis was not seen in LGI1 patients, reinforcing that a high index of clinical suspicion should be maintained for LGI1 encephalitis with the appropriate clinical syndrome.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65100",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65100",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65101",
      "source_id": "65101",
      "abstract_number": "1-026",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-026",
      "title": "Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Response in Patients with Autoimmune Nodopathies: A Multi-center US-based Study",
      "authors": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa, MD, PhD; Alexander H. Morrison, MD; Mia Weisman; Waleed Khan, MD; Srikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN; Nizar Chahin, MD; Long F. Davalos, MD; Alexander Diefes, BS; Reza Seyedsadjadi, MD; Karissa Gable, MD, FAAN; Mazen M. Dimachkie, MD, FAAN; Chafic Y. Karam, MD; Jeffrey A. Allen, MD; Bhaskar Roy, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Koutsioumpa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander H. Morrison, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander H. Morrison",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Morrison has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Candid Therapeutics. Dr. Morrison has received research support from Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mia Weisman",
          "normalized_name": "Mia Weisman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Weisman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Waleed Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Waleed Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Srikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Srikanth Muppidi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB/Ra Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizont Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for J & J pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nizar Chahin, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nizar Chahin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chahin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Long F. Davalos, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Long F. Davalos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Davalos has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Diefes, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Diefes",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Diefes has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Reza Seyedsadjadi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Reza Seyedsadjadi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of American Neurological Association. Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for SwanBio Therapeutics. Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received research support from Cystinosis Research Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Karissa Gable, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Karissa Gable",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Accordant. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astrazenca. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Guidepoint. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols . Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for annexon. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mazen M. Dimachkie, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Mazen M. Dimachkie",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Kansas Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Catalyst. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medlink. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for TACT / Treat NMD. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cabaletta Bio. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Clinical Neurological Society of America, Inc . Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Ig Society, Inc. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Abcuro. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon/Immunovant. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ipsen. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for American Academy of Neurology (AAN). Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM). Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon Biosciences. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Candid Therapeutics. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Creyon Bio, Inc.. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig Therapeutics. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Biopharma. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Fortrea. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kriya Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dimachkie has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Dimachkie has received research support from The Myositis Association. The institution of Dr. Dimachkie has received research support from Biosensics. Dr. Dimachkie has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chafic Y. Karam, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Chafic Y. Karam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Pennsylvania",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Applied therapeutics. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey A. Allen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey A. Allen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Minnesota",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bhaskar Roy, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Bhaskar Roy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Yale University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Roy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Roy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Roy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Roy has or had stock in Cabaletta bio. .Dr. Roy has or had stock in Pfizer.Dr. Roy has or had stock in CAVA. The institution of Dr. Roy has received research support from Abcuro Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Roy has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Roy has received research support from argenx."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Charalampia Koutsioumpa",
        "Alexander H. Morrison",
        "Mia Weisman",
        "Waleed Khan",
        "Srikanth Muppidi",
        "Nizar Chahin",
        "Long F. Davalos",
        "Alexander Diefes",
        "Reza Seyedsadjadi",
        "Karissa Gable",
        "Mazen M. Dimachkie",
        "Chafic Y. Karam",
        "Jeffrey A. Allen",
        "Bhaskar Roy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center",
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "University of Kansas Medical Center",
        "University of Pennsylvania",
        "University of Minnesota",
        "Yale University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center",
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "University of Kansas Medical Center",
        "University of Pennsylvania",
        "University of Minnesota",
        "Yale University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa, MD, PhD; Alexander H. Morrison, MD; Mia Weisman; Waleed Khan, MD; Srikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN; Nizar Chahin, MD; Long F. Davalos, MD; Alexander Diefes, BS; Reza Seyedsadjadi, MD; Karissa Gable, MD, FAAN; Mazen M. Dimachkie, MD, FAAN; Chafic Y. Karam, MD; Jeffrey A. Allen, MD; Bhaskar Roy, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center\nBrigham and Women's Hospital\nUniversity of Kansas Medical Center\nUniversity of Pennsylvania\nUniversity of Minnesota\nYale University",
        "Objective": "To determine the prevalence, characteristics and treatment course of patients with autoimmune nodopathies in the US.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune nodopathies (AINs) are a rare group of disorders characterized by circulating autoantibodies targeting antigens at the node of Ranvier, usually of the immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) subclass. About 5-10% of patients with electrodiagnostic features of a demyelinating neuropathy have autoimmune nodopathies. Patients with AINs may present with suggestive clinical features, demonstrate mixed responses to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), but improve with B-cell-depleting therapy.",
        "Design/Methods": "This multi-center study, including over 12 centers in the US, is actively capturing the clinical features and therapeutic responses of patients with AINs.",
        "Results": "To date, we have included 33 patients, with twenty-five (76%) positive for anti-neurofascin 155 (NF155), six (18%) positive for anti-Contactin IgG4 autoantibodies, and two (6%) positive for both autoantibodies. The average age of disease onset was 50.3 ± 19.6 years, and 18 (54.5%) patients were male. 55% had distal and proximal weakness, 36% predominant distal weakness, and 24% had facial weakness. Distal sensory loss, particularly loss of vibration sensation, and ataxia were common. Areflexia was noted in more than 80% of patients. Additional clinical details will be presented. Almost 40% of patients presented acutely or sub-acutely and were initially diagnosed as Guillain-Barré syndrome. Over 90% of this cohort received IVIg, but only 33% had partial benefit. Steroids were used in 50% of cases, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) inhibitors in 16% of cases, and PLEX in 20% of cases. Over 70% of patients received rituximab, and most showed objective benefit on clinical examination. Additional treatment details, including extent and durability of response will be presented.",
        "Conclusions": "This collaborative effort across the US is providing new insights into the clinical characteristics of AIN from a large US cohort, as well as critical information on management strategies.",
        "Disclosures": "Charalampia Koutsioumpa, MD, PhD: Dr. Koutsioumpa has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander H. Morrison, MD: Dr. Morrison has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Candid Therapeutics. Dr. Morrison has received research support from Dianthus Therapeutics.\nMia Weisman: Ms. Weisman has nothing to disclose.\nWaleed Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nSrikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN: Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB/Ra Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizont Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for J & J pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nNizar Chahin, MD: Dr. Chahin has nothing to disclose.\nLong F. Davalos, MD: Dr. Davalos has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Diefes, BS: Mr. Diefes has nothing to disclose.\nReza Seyedsadjadi, MD: Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of American Neurological Association. Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for SwanBio Therapeutics. Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Seyedsadjadi has received research support from Cystinosis Research Foundation.\nKarissa Gable, MD, FAAN: Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Accordant. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astrazenca. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Guidepoint. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols . Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for annexon. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Gable has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx.\nMazen M. Dimachkie, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Catalyst. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medlink. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for TACT / Treat NMD. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cabaletta Bio. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Clinical Neurological Society of America, Inc . Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Ig Society, Inc. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Abcuro. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon/Immunovant. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ipsen. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for American Academy of Neurology (AAN). Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine (AANEM). Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon Biosciences. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Candid Therapeutics. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Creyon Bio, Inc.. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig Therapeutics. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Biopharma. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Fortrea. Dr. Dimachkie has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kriya Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dimachkie has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Dimachkie has received research support from The Myositis Association. The institution of Dr. Dimachkie has received research support from Biosensics. Dr. Dimachkie has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dimachkie has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nChafic Y. Karam, MD: Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Applied therapeutics. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex.\nJeffrey A. Allen, MD: Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson.\nBhaskar Roy, MD, FAAN: Dr. Roy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Roy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Roy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Roy has or had stock in Cabaletta bio. .Dr. Roy has or had stock in Pfizer.Dr. Roy has or had stock in CAVA. The institution of Dr. Roy has received research support from Abcuro Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Roy has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Roy has received research support from argenx."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This collaborative effort across the US is providing new insights into the clinical characteristics of AIN from a large US cohort, as well as critical information on management strategies.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22372",
          "title": "C10 - Demyelinating Neuropathies",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22372",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by educational grants from Grifols, CSL, and argenx US Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Carlayne E. Jackson, MD, FAAN, Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the pathophysiology of Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP); differentiate AIDP from CIDP using clinical features, electrodiagnostic studies, and supportive diagnostic testing; apply a systematic diagnostic approach to inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies and recognize common mimics; select appropriate acute treatments for AIDP, including IVIG and plasma exchange, and identify patients at risk for complications; and develop evidence-based long-term treatment strategies for CIDP, including immunotherapies and monitoring response to therapy.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65101",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65101",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65102",
      "source_id": "65102",
      "abstract_number": "1-027",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-027",
      "title": "The Impact of Neighborhood Disadvantage on Relapse Risk and Time to Treatment Initiation in Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease",
      "authors": "Sara Moss, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Suzanne Liu, MD; Lisa K. Peterson, PhD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Ka-Ho Wong; Melissa A. Wright, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sara Moss, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sara Moss, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Moss",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Primary Children's Eccles",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Moss has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Suzanne Liu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Suzanne Liu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "The institution of an immediate family member of Dr. Liu has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lisa K. Peterson, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lisa K. Peterson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "ARUP Laboratories",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AliveDx. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Clinical Biochemistry. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Lab Q for ASCP. Dr. Peterson has a non-compensated relationship as a President with Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sara Moss",
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Suzanne Liu",
        "Lisa K. Peterson",
        "Tammy L. Smith",
        "Stacey Clardy",
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Melissa A. Wright"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Primary Children's Eccles",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "University of Utah",
        "ARUP Laboratories",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Primary Children's Eccles",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "University of Utah",
        "ARUP Laboratories",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sara Moss, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Suzanne Liu, MD; Lisa K. Peterson, PhD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Ka-Ho Wong; Melissa A. Wright, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Primary Children's Eccles\nUniversity of Utah Health\nUniversity of Utah\nARUP Laboratories\nImaging and Neurosciences Center\nU of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the impact of neighborhood-level disadvantage on time to treatment and relapses rates in a geographically diverse cohort of pediatric patients with MOGAD.",
        "Background": "Prior studies examining social determinants of health (SDOH) in demyelinating diseases have primarily focused on adult populations with multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Consequently, SDOH impact on pediatric patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) remains insufficiently characterized.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients (<18 years) diagnosed with MOGAD (per 2023 criteria) treated between 2016-2025 at a single academic center serving a five-state region. Neighborhood-level disadvantage was assessed using the Childhood Opportunity Index (COI), Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) classifications, and the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Associations with time to treatment initiation and relapse rates were analyzed using Fisher’s exact tests, and linear regression adjusted for demographic covariates.",
        "Results": "Fifty-four patients (mean age 9.46 years, 50% female) met inclusion criteria. Low COI (p=0.176) and high ADI (p=0.136) were not significantly correlated with longer time to treatment initiation (specified as > 7 days from symptom onset). Among 50 patients with ≥6 months of follow-up, neither low COI (p=0.18) nor high ADI (p=0.196) was predictive of relapse risk. Rural versus urban residence (RUCA) was also not significantly related to time to treatment or relapse rates.",
        "Conclusions": "Neighborhood-level disadvantage was not associated with longer time to treatment initiation or increased relapse rates in this cohort of pediatric patients with MOGAD. Similarly, outcomes did not differ between rural versus urban residence. These findings suggest that neighborhood-level disadvantage may not be associated with access to care and clinical outcomes, however, should be interpreted in the context of the sample size and single-center design. Multicenter, prospective studies are needed to better delineate if SDOH has an impact on access to care and the overall disease course in pediatric MOGAD.",
        "Disclosures": "Sara Moss, MD: Dr. Moss has nothing to disclose.\nYoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nSuzanne Liu, MD: The institution of an immediate family member of Dr. Liu has received research support from NIH.\nLisa K. Peterson, PhD: Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AliveDx. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Clinical Biochemistry. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Lab Q for ASCP. Dr. Peterson has a non-compensated relationship as a President with Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nTammy L. Smith, MD, PhD: Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed.\nKa-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nMelissa A. Wright, MD: Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Neighborhood-level disadvantage was not associated with longer time to treatment initiation or increased relapse rates in this cohort of pediatric patients with MOGAD. Similarly, outcomes did not differ between rural versus urban residence.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65102",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65102",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65103",
      "source_id": "65103",
      "abstract_number": "1-028",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-028",
      "title": "Disease Activity Independently Correlates with Cognitive Impairment in SLE",
      "authors": "Steven Bieser, MD; Asma Qureshi, MPH; Komel Safdar, MBBS; Mary Carns, MS; Vanessa Manada De Lobos; Emily A. Breach; Thales H. Hein da Rosa, MSc; Mohammad Daud Khan, MS; Tyler Therron, MS; Katherine R. Puev; Anh H. Chung, BS; Neil Pillai, MS; Kathleen Aren, MPH; John Seagrist; Jing Song; Zachary Orban; Cecilia Stumpf; Jason D. Ross, MD; Harris Perlman, PhD; Yvonne C. Lee, MD; Deborah Winter, PhD; Borna Bonakdarpour, MD, FAAN; Mariam Siddiqui, MD; Laura Arneson, MD; Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH; Mary Mahieu, MD; Lutfiyya N. Muhammad, PhD; Irene Blanco, MD; Eric B. Larson, PhD; Elena I. Grebenciucova, MD; Carla M. Cuda, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Steven Bieser, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Steven Bieser, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Steven Bieser",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Northwestern University, McGaw Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Bieser has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Asma Qureshi, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Asma Qureshi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Qureshi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Komel Safdar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Komel Safdar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Safdar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mary Carns, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Mary Carns",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Carns has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vanessa Manada De Lobos",
          "normalized_name": "Vanessa Manada De Lobos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Manada De Lobos has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emily A. Breach",
          "normalized_name": "Emily A. Breach",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Breach has received research support from Rheumatology Research Fund."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thales H. Hein da Rosa, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Thales H. Hein da Rosa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hein da Rosa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mohammad Daud Khan, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammad Daud Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tyler Therron, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Tyler Therron",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Therron has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katherine R. Puev",
          "normalized_name": "Katherine R. Puev",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Puev has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anh H. Chung, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Anh H. Chung",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Chung has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Neil Pillai, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Neil Pillai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Pillai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kathleen Aren, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Kathleen Aren",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Mrs. Aren has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Salvation Army."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Seagrist",
          "normalized_name": "John Seagrist",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Seagrist has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jing Song",
          "normalized_name": "Jing Song",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Song has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zachary Orban",
          "normalized_name": "Zachary Orban",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Orban has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cecilia Stumpf",
          "normalized_name": "Cecilia Stumpf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Stumpf has or had stock in Gilead Sciences.Ms. Stumpf has or had stock in Novo nordisk."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jason D. Ross, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jason D. Ross",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ross has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boston scientific , Abbott, SPR. Dr. Ross has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boston Scientific ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Harris Perlman, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Harris Perlman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Perlman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Arthritis Research and Therapy."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yvonne C. Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yvonne C. Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Tonix Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American College of Rheumatology. Dr. Lee has or had stock in GE Healthcare.Dr. Lee has or had stock in CVS Health. The institution of Dr. Lee has received research support from NIH/NIAMS. The institution of Dr. Lee has received research support from Rheumatology Research Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Deborah Winter, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Deborah Winter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Winter has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Borna Bonakdarpour, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Borna Bonakdarpour",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bonakdarpour has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mariam Siddiqui, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mariam Siddiqui",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Siddiqui has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Abbvie. Ms. Siddiqui has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Arneson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Arneson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arneson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Werewolf Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH",
          "normalized_name": "Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB/Biogen. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Adicet. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Autolus. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Lupus Therapeutics. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received research support from NIH-to Northwestern University for my effort on the grant. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received research support from NIH-paid to Northwestern University for my effort ont he grant. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a consultant on grants with American College of Rheumatology-paid to Northwestern University for effort on grant. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a grant reviewer with Lupus Foundation of American."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mary Mahieu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mary Mahieu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Abbvie.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Abbott Laboratories.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Baxter International.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Kimberly Clark.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Pfizer.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Takeda Pharmaceutical."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lutfiyya N. Muhammad, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lutfiyya N. Muhammad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muhammad has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American College of Surgeons. Dr. Muhammad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Arthritis Research & Therapy."
        },
        {
          "name": "Irene Blanco, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Irene Blanco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blanco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Fate Therapeutics. Dr. Blanco has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Blanco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Zenas Biopharma. Dr. Blanco has received research support from Cabaletta. Dr. Blanco has received research support from Novartis."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric B. Larson, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Eric B. Larson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Larson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Holland & Knight. Dr. Larson has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Gordon, Rees, Scully & Mansukhani."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elena I. Grebenciucova, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elena I. Grebenciucova",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Northwestern Unversity",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Grebenciucova has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG therapeutics . Dr. Grebenciucova has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen . Dr. Grebenciucova has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. The institution of Dr. Grebenciucova has received research support from Lupus Research Alliance ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carla M. Cuda, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Carla M. Cuda",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cuda has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Arthritis Research & Therapy. The institution of Dr. Cuda has received research support from NIH NIAID."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Steven Bieser",
        "Asma Qureshi",
        "Komel Safdar",
        "Mary Carns",
        "Vanessa Manada De Lobos",
        "Emily A. Breach",
        "Thales H. Hein da Rosa",
        "Mohammad Daud Khan",
        "Tyler Therron",
        "Katherine R. Puev",
        "Anh H. Chung",
        "Neil Pillai",
        "Kathleen Aren",
        "John Seagrist",
        "Jing Song",
        "Zachary Orban",
        "Cecilia Stumpf",
        "Jason D. Ross",
        "Harris Perlman",
        "Yvonne C. Lee",
        "Deborah Winter",
        "Borna Bonakdarpour",
        "Mariam Siddiqui",
        "Laura Arneson",
        "Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman",
        "Mary Mahieu",
        "Lutfiyya N. Muhammad",
        "Irene Blanco",
        "Eric B. Larson",
        "Elena I. Grebenciucova",
        "Carla M. Cuda"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Northwestern University, McGaw Medical Center",
        "Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease",
        "Northwestern Unversity"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Northwestern University, McGaw Medical Center",
        "Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease",
        "Northwestern Unversity"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Steven Bieser, MD; Asma Qureshi, MPH; Komel Safdar, MBBS; Mary Carns, MS; Vanessa Manada De Lobos; Emily A. Breach; Thales H. Hein da Rosa, MSc; Mohammad Daud Khan, MS; Tyler Therron, MS; Katherine R. Puev; Anh H. Chung, BS; Neil Pillai, MS; Kathleen Aren, MPH; John Seagrist; Jing Song; Zachary Orban; Cecilia Stumpf; Jason D. Ross, MD; Harris Perlman, PhD; Yvonne C. Lee, MD; Deborah Winter, PhD; Borna Bonakdarpour, MD, FAAN; Mariam Siddiqui, MD; Laura Arneson, MD; Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH; Mary Mahieu, MD; Lutfiyya N. Muhammad, PhD; Irene Blanco, MD; Eric B. Larson, PhD; Elena I. Grebenciucova, MD; Carla M. Cuda, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Northwestern University, McGaw Medical Center\nMesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer Disease\nNorthwestern Unversity",
        "Objective": "To evaluate if NIHT can characterize CI in persons with SLE and if disease activity contributes to impaired cognition.",
        "Background": "Mechanisms driving cognitive impairment (CI) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remain poorly understood, and prior studies conflict regarding the relationship between CI and disease activity. The NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function(NIHT) is used in Alzheimer’s disease, yet its value in measuring CI in SLE and relationship between NIHT subdomains and SLE disease activity remains unexplored.",
        "Design/Methods": "Cross-sectional data were analyzed from adults meeting ≥4 of 11 ACR 1997 SLE criteria without concurrent autoimmune or neurologic diseases, infections, GFR<60, liver enzymes>3x ULN, or sodium imbalance. Cognition was assessed with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and six NIHT measures, including two executive function scales, Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) and Flanker Inhibitory Control of Attention (FICA). SLEDAI-2K≥6 defined moderate-high disease activity; SLEDAI-2K<6 indicated low-moderate or inactive disease. Associations between continuous and categorical variables were assessed via Wilcoxon rank sum and t-tests.",
        "Results": "Our sample included 38 female and 1 male with SLE with a mean(SD) age of 34.16(11.25) years and mean disease duration of 9.67(8.40) years. Patients with moderate-high disease activity scored significantly lower(mean difference [MD])= -6.99, p.029) on FICA compared to those with low-moderate or inactive SLE, and lower(MD= -3.77, p.009) than general population controls within NIHT. Those with high disease activity also scored significantly lower (MD= -2.99, p.0245) on DCCS compared to general population controls. Findings were independent of race/age/education or SLEDAI subcomponent scores. MoCA did not differentiate groups.",
        "Conclusions": "NIHT is a domain-specific, sensitive tool for detecting CI in SLE, outperforming MoCA. Higher SLEDAI correlate with executive function and memory impairments, supporting a role for generalized inflammation in SLE-related CI. We advance the field by exploring the link between SLE disease activity and CI in domains essential for daily functioning.",
        "Disclosures": "Steven Bieser, MD: Mr. Bieser has nothing to disclose.\nAsma Qureshi, MPH: Miss Qureshi has nothing to disclose.\nKomel Safdar, MBBS: Dr. Safdar has nothing to disclose.\nMary Carns, MS: Ms. Carns has nothing to disclose.\nVanessa Manada De Lobos: Mrs. Manada De Lobos has nothing to disclose.\nEmily A. Breach: Ms. Breach has received research support from Rheumatology Research Fund.\nThales H. Hein da Rosa, MSc: Mr. Hein da Rosa has nothing to disclose.\nMohammad Daud Khan, MS: Mr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nTyler Therron, MS: Mr. Therron has nothing to disclose.\nKatherine R. Puev: Ms. Puev has nothing to disclose.\nAnh H. Chung, BS: Ms. Chung has nothing to disclose.\nNeil Pillai, MS: Mr. Pillai has nothing to disclose.\nKathleen Aren, MPH: An immediate family member of Mrs. Aren has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Salvation Army.\nJohn Seagrist: Mr. Seagrist has nothing to disclose.\nJing Song: Mrs. Song has nothing to disclose.\nZachary Orban: Mr. Orban has nothing to disclose.\nCecilia Stumpf: Ms. Stumpf has or had stock in Gilead Sciences.Ms. Stumpf has or had stock in Novo nordisk.\nJason D. Ross, MD: Dr. Ross has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boston scientific , Abbott, SPR. Dr. Ross has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boston Scientific .\nHarris Perlman, PhD: Dr. Perlman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Arthritis Research and Therapy.\nYvonne C. Lee, MD: Dr. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Tonix Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American College of Rheumatology. Dr. Lee has or had stock in GE Healthcare.Dr. Lee has or had stock in CVS Health. The institution of Dr. Lee has received research support from NIH/NIAMS. The institution of Dr. Lee has received research support from Rheumatology Research Foundation.\nDeborah Winter, PhD: Dr. Winter has nothing to disclose.\nBorna Bonakdarpour, MD, FAAN: Dr. Bonakdarpour has nothing to disclose.\nMariam Siddiqui, MD: Ms. Siddiqui has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Abbvie. Ms. Siddiqui has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie.\nLaura Arneson, MD: Dr. Arneson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Werewolf Therapeutics.\nRosalind Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH: Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB/Biogen. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Adicet. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Autolus. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Lupus Therapeutics. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received research support from NIH-to Northwestern University for my effort on the grant. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received research support from NIH-paid to Northwestern University for my effort ont he grant. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a consultant on grants with American College of Rheumatology-paid to Northwestern University for effort on grant. Dr. Ramsey-Goldman has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a grant reviewer with Lupus Foundation of American.\nMary Mahieu, MD: Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Abbvie.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Abbott Laboratories.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Baxter International.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Kimberly Clark.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Pfizer.Dr. Mahieu has or had stock in Takeda Pharmaceutical.\nLutfiyya N. Muhammad, PhD: Dr. Muhammad has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American College of Surgeons. Dr. Muhammad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Arthritis Research & Therapy.\nIrene Blanco, MD: Dr. Blanco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Fate Therapeutics. Dr. Blanco has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Blanco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Zenas Biopharma. Dr. Blanco has received research support from Cabaletta. Dr. Blanco has received research support from Novartis.\nEric B. Larson, PhD: Dr. Larson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Holland & Knight. Dr. Larson has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Gordon, Rees, Scully & Mansukhani.\nElena I. Grebenciucova, MD: Dr. Grebenciucova has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG therapeutics . Dr. Grebenciucova has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen . Dr. Grebenciucova has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. The institution of Dr. Grebenciucova has received research support from Lupus Research Alliance .\nCarla M. Cuda, PhD: Dr. Cuda has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Arthritis Research & Therapy. The institution of Dr. Cuda has received research support from NIH NIAID."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "NIHT is a domain-specific, sensitive tool for detecting CI in SLE, outperforming MoCA. Higher SLEDAI correlate with executive function and memory impairments, supporting a role for generalized inflammation in SLE-related CI. We advance the field by exploring the link between SLE disease activity and CI in domains essential for daily functioning.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22366",
          "title": "C4 - Neuro-rheumatology",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22366",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN, Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and neurological complications associated with systemic vasculitis, IgG4-related disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjögren’s syndrome; differentiate key neurological manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and apply appropriate diagnostic strategies to facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis; and evaluate current and emerging treatment approaches for neuro-rheumatologic disorders and integrate evidence-based management strategies into clinical practice.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65103",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65103",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 323
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65104",
      "source_id": "65104",
      "abstract_number": "1-029",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-029",
      "title": "Clinical Characteristics of Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Seropositive MOG Antibody Test",
      "authors": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD; Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jodie Burton, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Amara Plaza-Jennings",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Plaza-Jennings has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Vishnevetsky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from NIH (NeuroNext)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Levy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jodie Burton, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jodie Burton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Burton has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Burton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Burton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Burton has received research support from Roy and Joan Allen Professorship for Sight. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Advisor with CADTH that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Advisor with Alexion that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Advisor with Horizon that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Educational Chair with EMD Serono that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amara Plaza-Jennings",
        "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
        "Anastasia Vishnevetsky",
        "Michael Levy",
        "Jodie Burton"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD; Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jodie Burton, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Massachusetts General Hospital\nMassachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Objective": "To determine if multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who test positive for the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody test have different disease characteristics than typically seen in MS.",
        "Background": "MS and MOG associated-antibody disease (MOGAD) are distinct CNS demyelinating disorders with different courses and treatments but can be difficult to distinguish from each other. Some patients who meet McDonald criteria for MS also have MOG antibodies, the significance of which is unknown.",
        "Design/Methods": "Patients at Mass General Brigham with MOG IgG1 antibodies in serum by cell-based assay (n=295) who did not meet criteria for a diagnosis of MOGAD (n=59) underwent chart review to extract patients who met current McDonald diagnostic criteria for MS as determined by a consensus of 3 MS neurologists. Ten such patients were identified.",
        "Results": "Of these 10 patients, 70% (n=7) were female and had a mean age at onset of 27.4 years (SD=10.5). All had MOG IgG1 titers of ≤1:20 except one with a titer of 1:100. Of the 5 patients with repeat antibody testing, only one sero-reverted. Phenotypically, one had perineural optic nerve enhancement while another had a longitudinally extensive optic nerve lesion on MRI. Six of ten patients developed new MRI lesions while on high efficacy MS therapies for ≥6 months.",
        "Conclusions": "We studied the course of 10 patients who met criteria for MS who had positive MOG antibodies. Overall, clinical, radiological, and serum and CSF biomarker findings conformed to expectations for MS patients. However, some radiological features of optic neuritis more consistent with MOGAD were seen, and interestingly, 60% had MRI lesion accrual on high-efficacy MS therapy, much greater than would be expected. Our findings raise the hypothesis that the presence of MOG antibodies in MS impacts disease course. A larger prospective study is needed to confirm our findings.",
        "Disclosures": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD: Dr. Plaza-Jennings has nothing to disclose.\nPhilippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD: The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project.\nAnastasia Vishnevetsky, MD: The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from NIH (NeuroNext).\nMichael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health.\nJodie Burton, MD, FAAN: Dr. Burton has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Burton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Burton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Burton has received research support from Roy and Joan Allen Professorship for Sight. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Advisor with CADTH that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Advisor with Alexion that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Advisor with Horizon that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Burton has a non-compensated relationship as a Educational Chair with EMD Serono that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We studied the course of 10 patients who met criteria for MS who had positive MOG antibodies. Overall, clinical, radiological, and serum and CSF biomarker findings conformed to expectations for MS patients. However, some radiological features of optic neuritis more consistent with MOGAD were seen, and interestingly, 60% had MRI lesion accrual on high-efficacy MS therapy, much greater than would be expected.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65104",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65104",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65105",
      "source_id": "65105",
      "abstract_number": "1-030",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-030",
      "title": "Exploration of the Relationship Between Multiple Sclerosis and Intracranial Hypertension",
      "authors": "Andrea Zhang, MD; Danielle Pitter, MD; Lucas Horta, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Andrea Zhang, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andrea Zhang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea Zhang",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Emory University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zhang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Danielle Pitter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lucas Horta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lucas Horta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Horta has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andrea Zhang",
        "Danielle Pitter",
        "Lucas Horta"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andrea Zhang, MD; Danielle Pitter, MD; Lucas Horta, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Emory University",
        "Objective": "To explore the association between intracranial hypertension (IH) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as assess shared characteristics between the two disorders, such as risk factors, demographics, and other relevant factors.",
        "Background": "IH has been studied in relation to multiple autoimmune neurological conditions like myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease and neuromyelitis optica; however, its association with MS is underexplored.",
        "Design/Methods": "This retrospective case series was conducted in two hospitals in Atlanta, Georgia. Patients that were 18 years old or older, with new onset optic neuritis (ON) secondary to MS, an opening pressure (OP) ≥ 25 cmH2O on lumbar puncture (LP) and were admitted between 1/1/18 and 2/28/25 were included in this study. Patients with a prior history of IH and/or MS were excluded.",
        "Results": "A total of 498 patients with ON secondary to MS were identified; 71.5% did not undergo LP and 5.0% of which had an OP ≥ 25 cmH2O. Nine patients that fully met inclusion criteria were identified. The mean age was 32.1 and 88.9% of the patients were female and Black. The most common presenting symptoms were blurry vision (100%), decreased visual acuity (100%), and headaches (55.6%). Disc edema was identified in 55.6% of patients. The mean OP was 31.5 (range 26-42) cm H2O. Radiologic findings included unilateral nerve enhancement (66.7%), bilateral nerve enhancement (22.2), partially empty sella (55.6%), and transverse sinus stenosis (44.4%). Patients were treated with IV methylprednisone (100%), plasma exchange (22.2%), and/or diamox (11.1%). All patients showed improvement in visual acuity after treatment.",
        "Conclusions": "IH and ON secondary to MS have many overlapping symptoms and radiologic findings consistent with each disease separately but concurrently. We found no evidence of worse visual outcomes in patients with IH and ON. Awareness of this relationship is important as it can help guide diagnostic evaluation and management.",
        "Disclosures": "Andrea Zhang, MD: Dr. Zhang has nothing to disclose.\nDanielle Pitter, MD: Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose.\nLucas Horta, MD: Dr. Horta has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "IH and ON secondary to MS have many overlapping symptoms and radiologic findings consistent with each disease separately but concurrently. We found no evidence of worse visual outcomes in patients with IH and ON. Awareness of this relationship is important as it can help guide diagnostic evaluation and management.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65105",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65105",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 314
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65106",
      "source_id": "65106",
      "abstract_number": "1-031",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-031",
      "title": "Progressive Unilateral Cortical Atrophy, Aphasia, and Seizures in a Postmenopausal Female with a History of Alcoholism",
      "authors": "Angelo J. Marino, PA; Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Angelo J. Marino, PA",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Angelo J. Marino, PA",
          "normalized_name": "Angelo J. Marino, PA",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Marino has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jenny Linnoila",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Linnoila has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a expert respondent on autoimmune encephalitis with U.S. government/DHHS/Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Dr. Linnoila has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Medical Advisory Board, Research Subcommittee, with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Angelo J. Marino, PA",
        "Jenny Linnoila"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University Neurology Associates, UPMC"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University Neurology Associates, UPMC"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Angelo J. Marino, PA; Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of a 62-year-old female former alcoholic with epilepsy, worsening aphasia, and progressive left hemispheric atrophy.",
        "Background": "Rasmussen’s encephalitis is a rare clinical entity which includes focal seizures, unihemispheric inflammation, and progressive cortical atrophy. Only 10% of diagnoses are late onset, but not extending beyond early adulthood. Rasmussen-like presentations are poorly understood in older adults. Subacute encephalopathy and seizures in alcoholism (SESA) can be unilateral; however, existing literature lacks longitudinal outcomes. A recent case series described a group of older autoimmune encephalitis patients with Rasmussen encephalitis-like progressive unilateral cortical atrophy. One third had a history of alcohol abuse. Importantly, they improved with immunotherapy.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "Our patient, a heavy drinker with no previous history of seizures, was hospitalized in 2019 at the age of 55 in status epilepticus, with left temporal seizures after experiencing flu-like symptoms. A brain MRI was unremarkable, but over time, as her seizures continued, she developed slowly progressive expressive aphasia, and her MRI evolved from left sided inflammation to progressive left hemispheric atrophy. Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) were continued after a 2022 EEG exhibited left frontotemporal sharp waves. Her seizures are currently controlled on 3 ASMs. The patient was referred to our neuroimmunology clinic to determine an etiology for her radiographic and clinical progression. Workup is currently underway.",
        "Conclusions": "Unilateral cortical inflammation preceding progressive atrophy is rare. While Rasmussen’s encephalitis is seen in childhood, such a presentation in the older adult population remains a diagnostic challenge. In alcoholic patients, SESA is on the differential. A recent case series reported Rasmussen-like changes in older individuals with autoimmune encephalitis, including patients with a history of alcohol use disorder. Our case can help to expand the literature on late onset unilateral cortical encephalitis, with the subsequent development of progressive atrophy, aphasia, and epilepsy.",
        "Disclosures": "Angelo J. Marino, PA: Mr. Marino has nothing to disclose.\nJenny Linnoila, MD, PhD: Dr. Linnoila has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a expert respondent on autoimmune encephalitis with U.S. government/DHHS/Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Dr. Linnoila has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Medical Advisory Board, Research Subcommittee, with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Unilateral cortical inflammation preceding progressive atrophy is rare. While Rasmussen’s encephalitis is seen in childhood, such a presentation in the older adult population remains a diagnostic challenge. In alcoholic patients, SESA is on the differential. A recent case series reported Rasmussen-like changes in older individuals with autoimmune encephalitis, including patients with a history of alcohol use disorder.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65106",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65106",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65107",
      "source_id": "65107",
      "abstract_number": "1-032",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-032",
      "title": "Tumefactive Multiple Sclerosis Presenting with Seizures and Leptomeningeal Enhancement Mimicking Neoplasm: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge",
      "authors": "Tracey Nicole Webb, MD; Anusha Sanivarapu, MD; Daniel E. Kaufman; Yakov Isakov, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Tracey Nicole Webb, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Tracey Nicole Webb, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tracey Nicole Webb",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Webb has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anusha Sanivarapu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anusha Sanivarapu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Anusha Sanivarapu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel E. Kaufman",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel E. Kaufman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Kaufman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yakov Isakov, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Yakov Isakov",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Isakov has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Tracey Nicole Webb",
        "Anusha Sanivarapu",
        "Daniel E. Kaufman",
        "Yakov Isakov"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Tracey Nicole Webb, MD; Anusha Sanivarapu, MD; Daniel E. Kaufman; Yakov Isakov, DO",
        "Objective": "To highlight diagnostic challenges of tumefactive multiple sclerosis presenting with seizures and leptomeningeal enhancement mimicking neoplasm, and emphasize the role of steroid responsiveness and CSF findings in guiding management.",
        "Background": "Tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS) is a rare demyelinating variant that can mimic neoplasm or infection, particularly when associated with mass effect or atypical imaging features such as leptomeningeal enhancement.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 49-year-old female with a history of multiple sclerosis (off disease-modifying therapy) and untreated focal seizures presented with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Prehospital hypoglycemia (glucose 54 mg/dL) was corrected. In the emergency department, she had recurrent seizures requiring benzodiazepines and was noted to be obtunded with vomiting and inability to follow commands. CT head revealed left parietal cortical thickening and sulcal effacement. CTA/CTV were negative. EEG demonstrated focal slowing in the left temporoparietal region. MRI brain showed diffuse left parietal and occipital leptomeningeal enhancement, proteinaceous sulcal material, and extensive T2 hyperintense white matter lesions concerning for demyelination versus neoplasm or encephalitis. CSF demonstrated elevated oligoclonal bands; spinal MRI showed non-enhancing T2 lesions. Given broad differential including malignancy and infection, neurosurgical biopsy was considered but deferred. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and levetiracetam with rapid clinical improvement. Initiation of ocrelizumab was delayed due to recurrent flares, medication nonadherence, and breakthrough seizures. The patient developed neuropsychiatric symptoms, including mood lability and behavioral changes, complicating adherence and requiring multiple readmissions. She was managed with dimethyl fumarate and extended-release levetiracetam.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "TMS can present with atypical features such as leptomeningeal enhancement, closely mimicking neoplasm. Recognition of steroid responsiveness and supportive CSF findings can help avoid unnecessary biopsy. Early initiation of high-efficacy therapy is critical, though adherence and neuropsychiatric comorbidities may significantly impact management.",
        "Disclosures": "Tracey Nicole Webb, MD: Dr. Webb has nothing to disclose.\nAnusha Sanivarapu, MD: Anusha Sanivarapu has nothing to disclose.\nDaniel E. Kaufman: Mr. Kaufman has nothing to disclose.\nYakov Isakov, DO: Dr. Isakov has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "TMS can present with atypical features such as leptomeningeal enhancement, closely mimicking neoplasm. Recognition of steroid responsiveness and supportive CSF findings can help avoid unnecessary biopsy. Early initiation of high-efficacy therapy is critical, though adherence and neuropsychiatric comorbidities may significantly impact management.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65107",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65107",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 281
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65108",
      "source_id": "65108",
      "abstract_number": "1-033",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-033",
      "title": "Rare Presentation of a Rare Disease: Unusual Manifestations of Dermato-neuro Syndrome in an Older Patient with Scleromyxedema",
      "authors": "Sara M. Ahmed, MD; Asma T. Khan, MD; Katie Detmer, MD; Syed A. Shah, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sara M. Ahmed, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sara M. Ahmed, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara M. Ahmed",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Asma T. Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Asma T. Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katie Detmer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Katie Detmer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Detmer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Syed A. Shah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Syed A. Shah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sara M. Ahmed",
        "Asma T. Khan",
        "Katie Detmer",
        "Syed A. Shah"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University Hospital",
        "Department of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University Hospital",
        "Department of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sara M. Ahmed, MD; Asma T. Khan, MD; Katie Detmer, MD; Syed A. Shah, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University Hospital\nDepartment of Neurology",
        "Objective": "Scleromyxedema is a rare disorder, and Dermato-neuro syndrome (DNS) is extremely rare and difficult to characterize clinically. Early detection and appropriate therapy are crucial for optimal outcomes. In this case, diagnosing DNS was challenging due to the course of symptoms, clinical signs, and patient demographics.",
        "Background": "NA",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective case report.",
        "Results": "An 85-year- old female with known Scleromyxedema for 4 years was on intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) but recently stopped due to adverse reactions. Two months later, she presented with 4 weeks of worsening word-finding difficulty, impaired memory, and gait disturbance. She had a similar presentation 1 week prior but was discharged the next day without a specific diagnosis. She had expressive aphasia, multifocal paroxysmal myoclonus, diffuse hyperreflexia, and a startle reflex. Initial routine labs, CSF, EEG, and brain MRI, were unremarkable. When clinical suspicion of DNS rose 14 days after initial presentation, IV Methylprednisolone for 3 days, followed by 2g/kg of IVIG for 5 days, was given with no clinical response. Unfortunately, she developed seizures, atrial fibrillation, and unexplained fever. In the Medical intensive care unit, continuous EEG showed frequent occipital focal seizures bilaterally. Despite aggressive treatment with IVIG, steroids, and antiepileptics, the patient's clinical status continued to deteriorate. After a lengthy discussion with her family, her care was transitioned to compassionate care.",
        "Conclusions": "To our knowledge, DNS typically progresses rapidly, with symptoms such as speech changes, fever, seizures, and coma. In this case, hyperkinetic movement disorder, hyperreflexia, and startle reflex were observed, which are not commonly reported in the literature. Furthermore, our case has uniquely progressed over 6 weeks. This case shows the importance of high suspicion for DNS in patients with scleromyxedema, with special attention among older populations, and early initiation of the appropriate treatment. Although it has a high mortality rate, many reported cases responded well to immunosuppression.",
        "Disclosures": "Sara M. Ahmed, MD: Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose.\nAsma T. Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nKatie Detmer, MD: Dr. Detmer has nothing to disclose.\nSyed A. Shah, MD: Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "To our knowledge, DNS typically progresses rapidly, with symptoms such as speech changes, fever, seizures, and coma. In this case, hyperkinetic movement disorder, hyperreflexia, and startle reflex were observed, which are not commonly reported in the literature. Furthermore, our case has uniquely progressed over 6 weeks.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65108",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65108",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65109",
      "source_id": "65109",
      "abstract_number": "1-034",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-034",
      "title": "Solitary Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesion Mimicking Glioblastoma: An Atypical ADEM-spectrum Presentation Following COVID-19 Vaccination",
      "authors": "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt; Mark Hoffman, MD; Sachin Joshi; Sohan Joshi; Subhasree Misra, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt",
          "normalized_name": "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Hildenbrandt has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mark Hoffman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mark Hoffman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hoffman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sachin Joshi",
          "normalized_name": "Sachin Joshi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Joshi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sohan Joshi",
          "normalized_name": "Sohan Joshi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Joshi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Subhasree Misra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Subhasree Misra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Neurological Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Misra has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt",
        "Mark Hoffman",
        "Sachin Joshi",
        "Sohan Joshi",
        "Subhasree Misra"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "The Neurological Institute"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "The Neurological Institute"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt; Mark Hoffman, MD; Sachin Joshi; Sohan Joshi; Subhasree Misra, MD",
        "Affiliations": "The Neurological Institute",
        "Objective": "To describe an adult tumefactive demyelinating lesion mimicking glioblastoma, diagnosed after two stereotactic biopsies and pathologic review.",
        "Background": "Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) are uncommon, contrast-enhancing lesions within the Acute Disseminated Encephalomyleitis (ADEM)/MS spectrum that frequently mimic high-grade glioma, primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), and abscess. Adult ADEM-spectrum presentations may be monofocal and lack the encephalopathy characteristics of pediatric ADEM, complicating diagnosis.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-patient case report with clinical, neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, laboratory evaluations, pathologic, and longitudinal follow-up data.",
        "Results": "A 40-year-old female with no significant past medical history presented with two weeks of subtle behavioral changes and left homonymous hemianopia, beginning approximately two weeks after COVID-19 vaccination. A contrast MRI demonstrated a solitary right parietal lesion; the radiographic differential included glioblastoma, primary CNS lymphoma, and pyogenic abscess. Two stereotactic biopsies were performed and pathologic review was initiated for presumed glioblastoma. Pathology subsequently demonstrated demyelination with reactive astrogliosis, without neoplastic cells. CSF analysis was unremarkable. The diagnosis was revised to a tumefactive demyelinating lesion with the ADEM spectrum; high-dose intravenous corticosteroids were administered, with near-complete clinical and radiographic resolution. Serum MOG-IgG and AQP4-IgG were negative.",
        "Conclusions": "TDLs should be considered in the differential of solitary, contrast-enhancing supratentorial lesions in adults, alongside glioblastoma, PCNSL, and abscess. Recognition of MRI features distinguishing demyelination from neoplasm, including open-ring enhancement, T2 hypointense rim, and peripheral facilitated diffusion may avert repeated biopsy and inappropriate oncologic therapy.",
        "Disclosures": "Elisabeth A. Hildenbrandt: Miss Hildenbrandt has nothing to disclose.\nMark Hoffman, MD: Mr. Hoffman has nothing to disclose.\nSachin Joshi: Mr. Joshi has nothing to disclose.\nSohan Joshi: Mr. Joshi has nothing to disclose.\nSubhasree Misra, MD: Dr. Misra has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "TDLs should be considered in the differential of solitary, contrast-enhancing supratentorial lesions in adults, alongside glioblastoma, PCNSL, and abscess. Recognition of MRI features distinguishing demyelination from neoplasm, including open-ring enhancement, T2 hypointense rim, and peripheral facilitated diffusion may avert repeated biopsy and inappropriate oncologic therapy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65109",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65109",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 226
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65110",
      "source_id": "65110",
      "abstract_number": "1-035",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-035",
      "title": "Rapidly Progressive Demyelinating Conditions with Respiratory Failure: A Series",
      "authors": "Emily Bruder, MD; Daniel Lax, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Emily Bruder, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Emily Bruder, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Emily Bruder",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bruder has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel Lax, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel Lax",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Montefiore Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lax has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Theranica. Dr. Lax has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a CME Lecturer with American Headache Society."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Emily Bruder",
        "Daniel Lax"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Montefiore Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Montefiore Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Emily Bruder, MD; Daniel Lax, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Montefiore Medical Center",
        "Objective": "Demyelinating disease in children is not rare, though some etiologies are far more common than others. While presenting signs and symptoms can overlap, some distinguishing features can help guide acute therapies. We compare and contrast three unique cases of pediatric demyelinating disease presenting with rapid neurologic deterioration and respiratory failure.",
        "Background": "N/A",
        "Design/Methods": "Case series",
        "Results": "13-year-old male presenting with 3 days of headache, progressive somnolence and focal weakness progressing to flaccid quadriplegia and respiratory failure. Had neutrophilic pleocytosis and extensive patchy T2 FLAIR hyperintensities throughout brain and spinal cord, ultimately diagnosed with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). 9-year-old female presented with fever, vomiting, unresponsiveness, seizures progressing to respiratory failure. Had lymphocytic pleocytosis, positive MOG antibody (1:100), and multifocal cortical T2 hyperintensities with restricted diffusion and edema, ultimately diagnosed with FLAIR-hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG associated encephalitis with seizures (FLAMES) variant of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD). 15-year-old female with right leg paresthesia and weakness initially responsive to high dose steroids and IVIG, followed by a rapid progression to quadriplegia and respiratory failure. Had mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, positive oligoclonal bands and Kappa free l ight chain in CSF, and numerous, large T2 FLAIR hyperintensities with outer concentric ring of restricted diffusion and enhancement, ultimately diagnosed with Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) variant of multiple sclerosis (MS).",
        "Conclusions": "Through these cases, we compare and contrast the distinct etiologies of each case, namely ADEM, MOGAD, and BCS, and describe the effective treatments.",
        "Disclosures": "Emily Bruder, MD: Dr. Bruder has nothing to disclose.\nDaniel Lax, MD: Dr. Lax has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Theranica. Dr. Lax has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a CME Lecturer with American Headache Society."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Through these cases, we compare and contrast the distinct etiologies of each case, namely ADEM, MOGAD, and BCS, and describe the effective treatments.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65110",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65110",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 238
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65111",
      "source_id": "65111",
      "abstract_number": "1-036",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-036",
      "title": "Mortality Trends and Demographic Disparities of Co-occurring Myasthenia Gravis and Respiratory System Diseases: A 26-year CDC WONDER-based Retrospective Observational Study",
      "authors": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS; Meva Ram, MBBS; Muhammad Hassnain, MBBS; Muhammad A. Khamosh, MBBS; Fnu Urooba; Syed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS; Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS; Ushaq Ali, MBBS; Tirath Patel",
      "presenting_author": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ayesha Hassan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Hassan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meva Ram, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Meva Ram",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Ram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad Hassnain, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad Hassnain",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hassnain has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad A. Khamosh, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad A. Khamosh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Khamosh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fnu Urooba",
          "normalized_name": "Fnu Urooba",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Urooba has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Syed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Syed Tasbeel Mehdi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Mehdi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Azad Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ushaq Ali, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ushaq Ali",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tirath Patel",
          "normalized_name": "Tirath Patel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ayesha Hassan",
        "Meva Ram",
        "Muhammad Hassnain",
        "Muhammad A. Khamosh",
        "Fnu Urooba",
        "Syed Tasbeel Mehdi",
        "Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan",
        "Ushaq Ali",
        "Tirath Patel"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS; Meva Ram, MBBS; Muhammad Hassnain, MBBS; Muhammad A. Khamosh, MBBS; Fnu Urooba; Syed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS; Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS; Ushaq Ali, MBBS; Tirath Patel",
        "Objective": "This study examines the mortality burden of myasthenia gravis and respiratory diseases in the United States from 1999 to 2024, analysing trends and disparities.",
        "Background": "Myasthenia Gravis (MG) significantly impacts mortality among patients with respiratory diseases. The impaired respiratory function in myasthenia gravis is accelerated in the presence of already existing respiratory diseases.",
        "Design/Methods": "Using the CDC WONDER dataset for adults aged ≥ 25 years, we calculated age-adjusted and crude mortality rates (AAMRs and CMRs) per 1,000,000 through ICD-10 codes G70.0 for myasthenia gravis and J00-J98 for respiratory system diseases stratified by year, sex, race/ethnicity, place of death, and geography. Joinpoint regression estimated annual and average annual percent change (APC/AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).",
        "Results": "Between 1999 and 2024, a total of 18,247 deaths occured due to MG and coexisting respiratory diseases primarily in in patient medical facilities (61%). The overall AAMR increased from 2.63 in 1999 to 3.63 in 2024 (AAPC: 1.48; p=0.05) with the most significant increase observed between 2018 and 2021 (APC: 16.05). Men had higher AAMR than women (4.30 vs 2.26). Adults aged ≥65 years exhibited the highest CMR at 13.76. Non- Hispanic (NH) Whites showed the greatest AAMR at 3.39, comparing to other races. Regionally, the South had the highest AAMR (3.22) while the West had the lowest (2.83). Non-metropolitan areas exceeded metropolitan areas (2.96 vs 2.84). In states, Vermont and Wyoming ranked the highest, falling within the top 90th percentile during 1999-2020 and 2021-2024 time period respectively.",
        "Conclusions": "Myasthenia gravis mortality with respiratory disease shows a non-linear trend, disproportionately affecting males, older adults, White individuals, non-metropolitan and the South regions, highlighting the need for targeted strategies and healthcare accessibility.",
        "Disclosures": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS: Miss Hassan has nothing to disclose.\nMeva Ram, MBBS: Mr. Ram has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad Hassnain, MBBS: Dr. Hassnain has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad A. Khamosh, MBBS: Mr. Khamosh has nothing to disclose.\nFnu Urooba: Dr. Urooba has nothing to disclose.\nSyed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS: Mr. Mehdi has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS: Mr. Azad Khan has nothing to disclose.\nUshaq Ali, MBBS: Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose.\nTirath Patel: Mr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Myasthenia gravis mortality with respiratory disease shows a non-linear trend, disproportionately affecting males, older adults, White individuals, non-metropolitan and the South regions, highlighting the need for targeted strategies and healthcare accessibility.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65111",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65111",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65112",
      "source_id": "65112",
      "abstract_number": "1-037",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-037",
      "title": "The Cumulative Mortality Burden of Autoimmune Neurological Diseases Among Adults in the United States (1999-2024): A 26-year National Analysis of Trends and Disparities",
      "authors": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS; Syed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS; Fnu Urooba; Simran Nawani, MBBS; Ritik Kumar, MBBS; Sandia Lohana, MBBS; Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS; Sanjeet Kumar, Jr., MBBS; Tirath Patel",
      "presenting_author": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ayesha Hassan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Hassan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Syed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Syed Tasbeel Mehdi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Mehdi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fnu Urooba",
          "normalized_name": "Fnu Urooba",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Urooba has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simran Nawani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Simran Nawani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Nawani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ritik Kumar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ritik Kumar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kumar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sandia Lohana, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sandia Lohana",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lohana has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Azad Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sanjeet Kumar, Jr., MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sanjeet Kumar, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Kumar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tirath Patel",
          "normalized_name": "Tirath Patel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ayesha Hassan",
        "Syed Tasbeel Mehdi",
        "Fnu Urooba",
        "Simran Nawani",
        "Ritik Kumar",
        "Sandia Lohana",
        "Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan",
        "Sanjeet Kumar, Jr",
        "Tirath Patel"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS; Syed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS; Fnu Urooba; Simran Nawani, MBBS; Ritik Kumar, MBBS; Sandia Lohana, MBBS; Muhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS; Sanjeet Kumar, Jr., MBBS; Tirath Patel",
        "Objective": "Our study examines the cumulative mortality burden of collective autoimmune neurological diseases in U.S. adults (1999-2024), analyzing trends and disparities.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune neurological diseases cause significant U.S. adult mortality, characterized by neuroinflammatory cascades that precipitate irreversible axonal degradation and necessitate high-precision clinical interventions.",
        "Design/Methods": ": Using CDC WONDER database (1999-2024) for adults aged ≥25 years we analyzed age-adjusted and crude mortality rates (AAMRs and CMRs) per 100,000 through ICD-10 codes including Multiple Sclerosis (G35), Neuromyelitis Optica (G36.0), Myasthenia Gravis (G70.0), Guillain-Barré Syndrome (G61.0) and for other relevant disorders (G04.8, G36.1, G37.3, G61.1, G61.8) stratified by year, sex, race/ethnicity, place of death and geography. Joinpoint regression estimated annual and average annual percent change (APC / AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).",
        "Results": "Between 1999 to 2024, a total of 217,507 deaths occurred due to autoimmune neurological diseases, primarily in medical inpatient facilities (33.49%). The overall AAMR rose from 32.5 in 1999 to 40.03 in 2024, (AAPC: 0.74; p=0.05) with the sharpest increase observed between 2018 and 2021 (APC: 8.96), followed by a notable recent decline by 2024 (APC: -4.40). Women had higher AAMRs than men (39.74 vs. 33.24), however males showed a steeper mortality rise (AAPC: 0.83 vs. 0.72). Adults aged ≥65 exhibited the highest CMR (112.70) and an annual 1.98% increase. Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites had the greatest AAMR (40.70), and NH Asians (6.30) exhibited lowest. Geographically, the Midwest reported the highest AAMR (44.24) and the South the lowest (31.35). Non-metropolitan mortality exceeded metropolitan rates (AAMR: 37.08 vs. 35.15). Montana (56.08) and Oregon (67.00) ranked highest, falling within the 90th percentile during 1999-2020 and 2021-2024, respectively.",
        "Conclusions": "Mortality related to autoimmune neurological diseases has increased over the past two decades, disproportionately affecting women, NH White individuals, and residents of the Midwest and non-metropolitan areas, necessitating targeted strategies and equitable healthcare access.",
        "Disclosures": "Ayesha Hassan, MBBS: Miss Hassan has nothing to disclose.\nSyed Tasbeel Mehdi, MBBS: Mr. Mehdi has nothing to disclose.\nFnu Urooba: Dr. Urooba has nothing to disclose.\nSimran Nawani, MBBS: Miss Nawani has nothing to disclose.\nRitik Kumar, MBBS: Dr. Kumar has nothing to disclose.\nSandia Lohana, MBBS: Dr. Lohana has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad Sarim S. Azad Khan, MBBS: Mr. Azad Khan has nothing to disclose.\nSanjeet Kumar, Jr., MBBS: Mr. Kumar has nothing to disclose.\nTirath Patel: Mr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Mortality related to autoimmune neurological diseases has increased over the past two decades, disproportionately affecting women, NH White individuals, and residents of the Midwest and non-metropolitan areas, necessitating targeted strategies and equitable healthcare access.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65112",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65112",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 329
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65113",
      "source_id": "65113",
      "abstract_number": "1-038",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-038",
      "title": "Increasing National Burden of Encephalitis, Myelitis, and Encephalomyelitis: Insights from the ICD-10 Era and Implications for Diagnostic Coding",
      "authors": "Ka-Ho Wong; Ava M. Easton, PhD; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Sydney Lee, MD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Adam De Havenon, MD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Ka-Ho Wong",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ava M. Easton, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ava M. Easton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Encephalitis Society",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Easton has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Easton has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Chief Executive with Encephalitis International."
        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sydney Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sydney Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adam De Havenon, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Adam De Havenon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Yale University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. De Havenon has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novo Nordisk. Dr. De Havenon has or had stock in Certus.Dr. De Havenon has or had stock in TitinKM. The institution of Dr. De Havenon has received research support from NIH/NINDS. Dr. De Havenon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Ava M. Easton",
        "Melissa A. Wright",
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Sydney Lee",
        "Tammy L. Smith",
        "Adam De Havenon",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "The Encephalitis Society",
        "University of Utah",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Yale University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "The Encephalitis Society",
        "University of Utah",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Yale University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ka-Ho Wong; Ava M. Easton, PhD; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Sydney Lee, MD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Adam De Havenon, MD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "U of U Neurology Clinic\nThe Encephalitis Society\nUniversity of Utah\nUniversity of Utah Health\nImaging and Neurosciences Center\nYale University",
        "Objective": "To evaluate national trends in hospitalizations for encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis in the United States using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2016 to 2023.",
        "Background": "Encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis represent a heterogeneous group of inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system with diverse etiologies and clinical presentations. In the ICD-10 era, the extent to which broad diagnostic codes capture the national burden of these distinct conditions remains limited.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project NIS from 2016 through 2023. Adult hospitalizations with a principal diagnosis of ICD-10 code “G04*” were identified. Survey-weighted analyses were performed to generate national estimates, accounting for the complex sampling design. Temporal trends in hospitalization volume were assessed.",
        "Results": "A total of 147,970 weighted hospitalizations were identified during the study period. Annual hospitalizations increased from 14,795 (95% CI, 13,444-16,146) in 2016 to 21,585 (95% CI, 20,286-22,884) in 2023, representing an approximate 46% increase. A modest plateau was observed in 2019-2020, which may reflect disruptions in healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by continued increases through 2023.",
        "Conclusions": "Hospitalizations for encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis have increased substantially in the United States from 2016 to 2023. However, this trend must be interpreted in the context of the clinical and etiologic heterogeneity encompassed within the G04* diagnostic category. The absence of more granular ICD-10 codes for distinct conditions such as autoimmune encephalitis, a well-recognized clinical entity, may contribute to the aggregation of diverse disease processes under a single code. These findings highlight limitations in diagnostic specificity and underscore the need for more refined coding frameworks to better characterize disease subtypes and inform clinical and epidemiologic research.",
        "Disclosures": "Ka-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nAva M. Easton, PhD: Dr. Easton has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Easton has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Chief Executive with Encephalitis International.\nMelissa A. Wright, MD: Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis .\nYoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nSydney Lee, MD: Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose.\nTammy L. Smith, MD, PhD: Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca.\nAdam De Havenon, MD, FAAN: Dr. De Havenon has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novo Nordisk. Dr. De Havenon has or had stock in Certus.Dr. De Havenon has or had stock in TitinKM. The institution of Dr. De Havenon has received research support from NIH/NINDS. Dr. De Havenon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Hospitalizations for encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis have increased substantially in the United States from 2016 to 2023. However, this trend must be interpreted in the context of the clinical and etiologic heterogeneity encompassed within the G04* diagnostic category.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65113",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65113",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 280
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65114",
      "source_id": "65114",
      "abstract_number": "1-039",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-039",
      "title": "Neuropsychological Profile and Biomarker Correlates in GAD65-IgG Autoimmune Epilepsy",
      "authors": "Andrea Stabile, MD; Anuja R. Patil, MD, DM; Kerly Guevara Maldonado, MD; Suvyaktha Simha; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Kelsey M. Smith, MD; Binxia Yang; Andrew McKeon, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN; Michael Basso, PhD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Andrea Stabile, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andrea Stabile, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea Stabile",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stabile has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anuja R. Patil, MD, DM",
          "normalized_name": "Anuja R. Patil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kerly Guevara Maldonado, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kerly Guevara Maldonado",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Guevara Maldonado has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Suvyaktha Simha",
          "normalized_name": "Suvyaktha Simha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Simha has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kelsey M. Smith, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kelsey M. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from UCB Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Binxia Yang",
          "normalized_name": "Binxia Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo clinic",
          "disclosure": "Binxia Yang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey W. Britton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Britton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Online course with American Clinical Neurophysiology Society."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Basso, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Basso",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Basso has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andrea Stabile",
        "Anuja R. Patil",
        "Kerly Guevara Maldonado",
        "Suvyaktha Simha",
        "Laura Cacciaguerra",
        "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
        "Kelsey M. Smith",
        "Binxia Yang",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Jeffrey W. Britton",
        "Michael Basso",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andrea Stabile, MD; Anuja R. Patil, MD, DM; Kerly Guevara Maldonado, MD; Suvyaktha Simha; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Kelsey M. Smith, MD; Binxia Yang; Andrew McKeon, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN; Michael Basso, PhD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor\nMayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Graduate School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To define neuropsychological deficits in GAD65-IgG autoimmune epilepsy and assess associations with quantitative MRI and serum neural injury biomarkers.",
        "Background": "GAD65-IgG autoimmunity causes adult-onset, often pharmacoresistant epilepsy. However, the neuropsychological profile and its relationship to MRI volumetry and serum biomarkers remain incompletely defined.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively studied 51 patients with autoimmune epilepsy associated with high-titer GAD65-IgG who underwent comprehensive neuropsychological testing at Mayo Clinic (2000-2025). Test performance was summarized using t-scores across 28 measures. Brain MRI volumetry was performed. Serum NfL and sTREM2 were quantified (Ella, Biotechne). Associations between cognition, brain volumes, and biomarkers were analyzed.",
        "Results": "Fifty-one patients were included (78% female; median onset age 27 years, IQR 18-37). Half met definite autoimmune limbic encephalitis criteria; 69% received immunotherapy. Neuropsychological testing occurred a median of 6 years after onset (IQR 1-15); 88% had ongoing seizures and 78% were on antiseizure polytherapy. Verbal memory (LISTDEL = 34) and language (BNT = 36) were the most impaired domains. Seventy-five percent of patients reported psychiatric comorbidities, including depression (87%), anxiety (42%), and sporadically irritability, apathy, and emotional lability. Compared with individuals tested <2 years from onset, immunotherapy-naïve patients assessed ≥2 years after onset (n=23) demonstrated worse naming (BNT 32 vs. 45; p=0.01) and greater memory impairment, particularly verbal delayed recall. MRI volumetry (n=33) showed predominant mesial temporal involvement (mean z-score 0.90) with hippocampal asymmetry correlating with naming deficits (r=-0.44, p=0.03). Serum NfL and sTREM2 were higher in patients (n=38) (median NFL 18.9 vs 4.96 pg/mL, p=<0.01; median sTREM2 21.687 vs 14.394 pg/mL, p=0.02). Before immunotherapy (n=20), higher NfL correlated with worse visuospatial (r=-0.7, p=0.02) and premorbid abilities (r=-0.5, p=0.04).",
        "Conclusions": "GAD65-IgG autoimmune epilepsy is associated with persistent cognitive impairment, particularly in naming and verbal memory, corresponding to mesial temporal structural changes. Elevated NfL correlates with worse cognition; the role of increased sTREM2 requires further investigation.",
        "Disclosures": "Andrea Stabile, MD: Dr. Stabile has nothing to disclose.\nAnuja R. Patil, MD, DM: Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose.\nKerly Guevara Maldonado, MD: Dr. Guevara Maldonado has nothing to disclose.\nSuvyaktha Simha: Ms. Simha has nothing to disclose.\nLaura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD: Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose.\nAndreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD: Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero.\nKelsey M. Smith, MD: The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from UCB Pharmaceuticals.\nBinxia Yang: Binxia Yang has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN: Dr. Britton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Online course with American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.\nMichael Basso, PhD: Dr. Basso has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "GAD65-IgG autoimmune epilepsy is associated with persistent cognitive impairment, particularly in naming and verbal memory, corresponding to mesial temporal structural changes. Elevated NfL correlates with worse cognition; the role of increased sTREM2 requires further investigation.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22373",
          "title": "C11 - Autoimmune and Infectious Encephalitis and Acute Seizures",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22373",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN, Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe key clinical, CSF, imaging, and antibody features of autoimmune encephalitis and infectious encephalitides; differentiate autoimmune and infectious causes of encephalitis and identify common diagnostic pitfalls and sources of misdiagnosis; apply an evidence-based diagnostic approach to suspected encephalitis, including appropriate use of laboratory, imaging, and EEG studies; outline current management strategies for infectious encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis, including timely antimicrobial and immunotherapy use; and summarize updates in the evaluation and treatment of new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE), including consideration of underlying etiologies.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65114",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65114",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 326
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65115",
      "source_id": "65115",
      "abstract_number": "1-040",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-040",
      "title": "Musicogenic Seizures in GAD65 Autoimmune Epilepsy: A Descriptive Case Report and Outcomes after Immunotherapy",
      "authors": "Zachary Roccaforte, MD; Lesley Kaye, MD; Meggan Macias, PA; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Zachary Roccaforte, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Zachary Roccaforte, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Zachary Roccaforte",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Roccaforte has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lesley Kaye, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lesley Kaye",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, CU Anschutz Medical Campus",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Kaye has received research support from NeuroPace. The institution of Dr. Kaye has received research support from LivaNova."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meggan Macias, PA",
          "normalized_name": "Meggan Macias, PA",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Macias has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda L. Piquet",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Zachary Roccaforte",
        "Lesley Kaye",
        "Meggan Macias, PA",
        "Amanda L. Piquet"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Department of Neurology, CU Anschutz Medical Campus",
        "University of Colorado"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Department of Neurology, CU Anschutz Medical Campus",
        "University of Colorado"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Zachary Roccaforte, MD; Lesley Kaye, MD; Meggan Macias, PA; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Department of Neurology, CU Anschutz Medical Campus\nUniversity of Colorado",
        "Objective": "We describe a rare case of GAD65-associated musicogenic epilepsy and characterize response to antiseizure medication (ASM) and immunotherapy.",
        "Background": "Antibodies against GAD65 are associated with a number of neurologic syndromes, including antibody-associated epilepsy. Musicogenic epilepsy is consistently localized to the temporal lobes, and an established association exists between musicogenic seizures and high-titer GAD65 antibodies.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 50-year-old right-handed female with type 1 diabetes presented with a 5-year history of drug-resistant epilepsy with two seizure types: nocturnal bilateral tonic-clonic seizures and focal seizures with rising epigastric aura, right hand and oral automatisms, and ictal aphasia. Seizures were specifically triggered by Zac Brown Band music. Initial seizure frequency was once monthly. The patient failed multiple ASMs including lamotrigine, topiramate, zonisamide, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, clobazam, and perampanel. MRI demonstrated a small left anterior temporal encephalocele. Video-EEG captured musicogenic focal seizures with left temporal onset, PET showed left superior temporal hypometabolism, MEG demonstrated left lateral temporal epileptiform dipoles, and fMRI confirmed left language dominance. Further surgical workup was deferred pending CSF studies, given atypical features concerning for autoimmune epilepsy. Serum anti-GAD65 was 23.6 nmol/L (Mayo), and CSF anti-GAD65 was 2.31 nmol/L. She was initiated on IVIG with partial response, then rituximab, and ultimately transitioned to ublituximab after infusion reaction. Though her overall seizure burden was reduced by >50%, she had several breakthrough seizures in the setting of missed IVIG doses and insurance-related delays in obtaining second-line anti-CD20 therapy, compounded by significant psychosocial stressors. Current regimen of IVIG, ublituximab, cenobamate, and brivaracetam has resulted in 10 months of seizure freedom.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the importance of recognizing musicogenic seizures as a feature of GAD65 autoimmune epilepsy, which should prompt early autoimmune investigation. Seizure freedom was achieved with multimodal immunotherapy and ASM optimization in this patient.",
        "Disclosures": "Zachary Roccaforte, MD: Dr. Roccaforte has nothing to disclose.\nLesley Kaye, MD: The institution of Dr. Kaye has received research support from NeuroPace. The institution of Dr. Kaye has received research support from LivaNova.\nMeggan Macias, PA: Mrs. Macias has nothing to disclose.\nAmanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the importance of recognizing musicogenic seizures as a feature of GAD65 autoimmune epilepsy, which should prompt early autoimmune investigation. Seizure freedom was achieved with multimodal immunotherapy and ASM optimization in this patient.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65115",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65115",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 293
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65116",
      "source_id": "65116",
      "abstract_number": "1-041",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-041",
      "title": "A Seizure That Would Not Yield: Diagnosing Anti-LGI1 Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Mamadou Diallo, MD; Kathryn Tsai; Laya Krishnan, BS; Neil K. Sharma, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mamadou Diallo, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mamadou Diallo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mamadou Diallo",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Diallo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kathryn Tsai",
          "normalized_name": "Kathryn Tsai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Tsai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laya Krishnan, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Laya Krishnan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Krishnan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Neil K. Sharma, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Neil K. Sharma",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Illinois Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sharma has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mamadou Diallo",
        "Kathryn Tsai",
        "Laya Krishnan",
        "Neil K. Sharma"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Illinois Department of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Illinois Department of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mamadou Diallo, MD; Kathryn Tsai; Laya Krishnan, BS; Neil K. Sharma, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Illinois Department of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To describe a representative case of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) autoimmune encephalitis presenting with refractory seizures and to highlight the importance of early recognition and immunotherapy in improving neurological outcomes.",
        "Background": "Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder with an estimated annual incidence of less than one case per million individuals. It typically manifests with subacute cognitive decline, psychiatric and behavioral symptoms, focal or generalized seizures-often including faciobrachial dystonic seizures-and autonomic dysfunction. Neuroimaging frequently demonstrates involvement of the medial temporal lobes, hippocampi, or amygdala. Laboratory abnormalities such as hyponatremia, commonly due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory changes may support the diagnosis, though findings are variable. Prompt identification is critical, as immunotherapy is associated with favorable prognosis and potential return to baseline function.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report",
        "Results": "A 74-year-old man with no prior seizure history presented after a witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizure following six months of nonspecific symptoms, including malaise and pruritus. Initial evaluation revealed significant hyponatremia, treated with hypertonic saline, and antiseizure therapy was initiated. Despite escalation to multiple antiseizure medications, continuous EEG monitoring demonstrated persistent focal right temporal seizures. Brain MRI revealed active inflammation of the right mesial temporal lobe, and CSF analysis showed elevated protein without pleocytosis. An APE2 score of seven raised concern for autoimmune encephalitis. High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin were initiated, resulting in marked EEG improvement within 36 hours. Subsequent serum testing confirmed anti-LGI1 antibodies, allowing de-escalation to monotherapy antiseizure treatment.",
        "Conclusions": "This case emphasizes the need to consider autoimmune encephalitis in older adults with new-onset, drug-refractory seizures and hyponatremia. Early recognition and immunotherapy can rapidly control seizures, limit neuropsychiatric sequelae, and significantly improve clinical outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Mamadou Diallo, MD: Dr. Diallo has nothing to disclose.\nKathryn Tsai: Miss Tsai has nothing to disclose.\nLaya Krishnan, BS: Ms. Krishnan has nothing to disclose.\nNeil K. Sharma, MD: Dr. Sharma has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case emphasizes the need to consider autoimmune encephalitis in older adults with new-onset, drug-refractory seizures and hyponatremia. Early recognition and immunotherapy can rapidly control seizures, limit neuropsychiatric sequelae, and significantly improve clinical outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65116",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65116",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 277
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65117",
      "source_id": "65117",
      "abstract_number": "1-042",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-042",
      "title": "Population-based Incidence, Prevalence, and Temporal Trends of Immune-mediated Neuropathies",
      "authors": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Cherine N. Fawaz, MD; Felipe Jones, MD; Christopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN; Haidara Kherbek, MD; Catarina Aragon Pinto, MD; E. M. Hoffman, DO, PhD; Nathan P. Young, DO; Michelle L. Mauermann, MD, FAAN; P. James B. Dyck, MD, FAAN; Nathan P. Staff, MD, PhD, FAAN; Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cherine N. Fawaz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Cherine N. Fawaz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fawaz has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Felipe Jones, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Felipe Jones",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jones has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher J. Klein",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Klein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma."
        },
        {
          "name": "Haidara Kherbek, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Haidara Kherbek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Haidara Kherbek has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catarina Aragon Pinto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Catarina Aragon Pinto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aragon Pinto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "E. M. Hoffman, DO, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "E. M. Hoffman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic, Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoffman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nathan P. Young, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Nathan P. Young",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Young has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michelle L. Mauermann, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michelle L. Mauermann",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Mauermann has received research support from Intellia. Dr. Mauermann has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "P. James B. Dyck, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "P. James B. Dyck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dyck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Akcea/Ionis."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nathan P. Staff, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Nathan P. Staff",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Staff has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Stem Cell Research & Therapy. Dr. Staff has received research support from National Institutes of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pinto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
        "Cherine N. Fawaz",
        "Felipe Jones",
        "Christopher J. Klein",
        "Haidara Kherbek",
        "Catarina Aragon Pinto",
        "E. M. Hoffman",
        "Nathan P. Young",
        "Michelle L. Mauermann",
        "P. James B. Dyck",
        "Nathan P. Staff",
        "Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic, Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic, Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Cherine N. Fawaz, MD; Felipe Jones, MD; Christopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN; Haidara Kherbek, MD; Catarina Aragon Pinto, MD; E. M. Hoffman, DO, PhD; Nathan P. Young, DO; Michelle L. Mauermann, MD, FAAN; P. James B. Dyck, MD, FAAN; Nathan P. Staff, MD, PhD, FAAN; Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic, Neurology",
        "Objective": "To define the incidence and prevalence of immune-mediated neuropathies (IMN) in Olmsted County, Minnesota",
        "Background": "IMN are treatable yet disabling disorders, but population-based epidemiologic data remain limited.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a population-based study of Olmsted County, Minnesota residents diagnosed with IMN from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2023, using the Rochester Epidemiology Project. Age- and sex-standardized incidence and prevalence rates per 100,000 were calculated. Temporal trends were assessed annually and across two periods (2011-mid-2016 and mid-2016-2023).",
        "Results": "We identified 134 patients (median age, 60 years; 53% male). The standardized point prevalence for all IMN on January 1, 2020, was 47.3 (95% CI, 37.2-59.3) per 100,000. The overall incidence (2011-2023) was 6.2 (95% CI, 5.2-7.5) per 100,000. Incidence was highest for diabetic radiculoplexus neuropathy (DRPN; 1.8), followed by Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS; 1.6), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP; 0.8), and idiopathic inflammatory neuropathies (including inflammatory plexopathies, radiculoplexus neuropathies, axonal polyradiculoneuropathies, and mononeuropathies; 0.7). Lower rates were observed for biopsy-proven systemic vasculitis (0.25) and non-systemic vasculitic neuropathies (0.24). Other etiologies, including multifocal motor neuropathy, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related neuropathies, and paraneoplastic neuropathies, were rare (≤0.16). The incidence of IMN remained stable between 2011-2016 (6.6) and 2016-2023 (6.0). Compared with older adults (>50 years), younger adults (≤50 years) had a significantly lower incidence rate ratio (IRR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.10-0.20; p<0.001) and prevalence rate ratio (PRR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.04-0.14; p<0.001). The PRR was higher in males than females (1.66; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7; p=0.03). No racial differences were observed.",
        "Conclusions": "IMN represents a substantial population burden, with higher-than-expected prevalence despite stable incidence over time. DRPN and GBS predominate, and emerging subtypes such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related neuropathies, highlight evolving epidemiology. These findings underscore the need for improved recognition and resource planning for these treatable neurologic disorders.",
        "Disclosures": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD: Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose.\nCherine N. Fawaz, MD: Dr. Fawaz has nothing to disclose.\nFelipe Jones, MD: Dr. Jones has nothing to disclose.\nChristopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN: Dr. Klein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma.\nHaidara Kherbek, MD: Haidara Kherbek has nothing to disclose.\nCatarina Aragon Pinto, MD: Dr. Aragon Pinto has nothing to disclose.\nE. M. Hoffman, DO, PhD: Dr. Hoffman has nothing to disclose.\nNathan P. Young, DO: Dr. Young has nothing to disclose.\nMichelle L. Mauermann, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Mauermann has received research support from Intellia. Dr. Mauermann has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nP. James B. Dyck, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dyck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Akcea/Ionis.\nNathan P. Staff, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Staff has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Stem Cell Research & Therapy. Dr. Staff has received research support from National Institutes of Health.\nMarcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD: Dr. Pinto has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "IMN represents a substantial population burden, with higher-than-expected prevalence despite stable incidence over time. DRPN and GBS predominate, and emerging subtypes such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related neuropathies, highlight evolving epidemiology. These findings underscore the need for improved recognition and resource planning for these treatable neurologic disorders.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22375",
          "title": "C13 - Other Inflammatory Neuropathies",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22375",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Rocio Vazquez Do Campo, MD, Anthony A. Amato, MD, FAAN",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify the clinical features and diagnostic approach to peripheral neuropathies associated with monoclonal gammopathies; recognize the presentation, evaluation, and underlying mechanisms of radiculoplexus neuropathies; describe key features of autoimmune autonomic disorders, including clinical manifestations and diagnostic testing strategies; and apply evidence-based approaches to the diagnosis and management of diverse inflammatory and immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65117",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65117",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 325
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65118",
      "source_id": "65118",
      "abstract_number": "1-043",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-043",
      "title": "Characterization of Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy Off Treatment: Retrospective Analysis Based on a Claims Database in the United States",
      "authors": "Carmine Colavecchia, PhD, PharmD; Swapna Karkare; Jonathan Manoukian; Nadia Zaveri; Agney Ranjith Krishnajith; Wanling Zou, PhD; Mai Sato, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Carmine Colavecchia, PhD, PharmD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Carmine Colavecchia, PhD, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Carmine Colavecchia",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Colavecchia has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Pfizer. Dr. Colavecchia has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Colavecchia has or had stock in Pfizer.Dr. Colavecchia has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Swapna Karkare",
          "normalized_name": "Swapna Karkare",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Swapna Karkare has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Swapna Karkare has stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Manoukian",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Manoukian",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Manoukian has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nadia Zaveri",
          "normalized_name": "Nadia Zaveri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Zaveri has or had stock in Argenx .Ms. Zaveri has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Senior Director, Medical Affairs with argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Agney Ranjith Krishnajith",
          "normalized_name": "Agney Ranjith Krishnajith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Krishnajith has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of ZS Associates."
        },
        {
          "name": "Wanling Zou, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Wanling Zou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of ZS Associates."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mai Sato, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Mai Sato",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sato has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of ZS Associates."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Carmine Colavecchia",
        "Swapna Karkare",
        "Jonathan Manoukian",
        "Nadia Zaveri",
        "Agney Ranjith Krishnajith",
        "Wanling Zou",
        "Mai Sato"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Carmine Colavecchia, PhD, PharmD; Swapna Karkare; Jonathan Manoukian; Nadia Zaveri; Agney Ranjith Krishnajith; Wanling Zou, PhD; Mai Sato, PhD",
        "Objective": "To examine patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) with off-treatment periods, and to characterize off-treatment periods.",
        "Background": "CIDP is a rare and severe autoimmune neuropathy with progressive, relapsing, or monophasic courses. Although CIDP typically requires ongoing care, some patients discontinue treatment due to suspected remission or unmet needs with available therapies including treatment burden, suboptimal efficacy, or tolerability concerns.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adult patients with confirmed CIDP diagnosis and treatment initiation (first observed diagnosis date as index) were identified in Komodo Health’s Patient Level Insights Data (PLAID) closed claims database 01/01/2020-04/29/2026. Eligible patients had continuous enrollment ≥1-year pre- and post-index and were followed until end of enrollment. Patients with off-treatment periods (≥6-months) after treatment initiation were selected. Demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed at index. The first observed off-treatment period was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier methods, with time zero at off-treatment start and event as CIDP treatment restart (censored at end of enrollment).",
        "Results": "2085 patients with at least one off-treatment period were analyzed. At index, mean (SD) age was 65.5 (13.7) years; 60.3% (n=1257) were male; 29.8% (n=621) used commercial insurance; mean (SD) Charlson Comorbidity Index was 2.6 (2.6). Mean (SD) follow-up was 3.3 (1.4) years. Immunoglobulin monotherapy (24%, n=503) and corticosteroid monotherapy (14%, n=295) were the most common CIDP treatments used before the first observed off-treatment period. The first observed off-treatment period lasted for a median (IQR) duration of 13.2 (8.6-21.8) months. The probability of patients resuming treatment was 33.9% at 12 months (95% CI: 31.8%-36.1%), and 58.9% at 24 months (95% CI: 56.4%-61.4%).",
        "Conclusions": "Median time to treatment re-initiation of 13 months suggests that, for most patients, a pause in therapy does not reflect durable long-term remission. Importantly, factors other than disease remission may also contribute to treatment pauses.",
        "Disclosures": "Carmine Colavecchia, PhD, PharmD: Dr. Colavecchia has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Pfizer. Dr. Colavecchia has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Colavecchia has or had stock in Pfizer.Dr. Colavecchia has or had stock in argenx.\nSwapna Karkare: Swapna Karkare has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Swapna Karkare has stock in argenx.\nJonathan Manoukian: Mr. Manoukian has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx.\nNadia Zaveri: Ms. Zaveri has or had stock in Argenx .Ms. Zaveri has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Senior Director, Medical Affairs with argenx.\nAgney Ranjith Krishnajith: Mr. Krishnajith has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of ZS Associates.\nWanling Zou, PhD: Dr. Zou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of ZS Associates.\nMai Sato, PhD: Dr. Sato has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of ZS Associates."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Median time to treatment re-initiation of 13 months suggests that, for most patients, a pause in therapy does not reflect durable long-term remission. Importantly, factors other than disease remission may also contribute to treatment pauses.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65118",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65118",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 314
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65119",
      "source_id": "65119",
      "abstract_number": "1-044",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-044",
      "title": "Relevance of Antibodies to Plexin D1 in Cryptogenic Small Fiber Neuropathies",
      "authors": "Alessandro Dinoto, MD; AMALIA CANCIELLO, LT; Raffaella Lombardi, BSc; ANGELA DI MARO; Daniele Cartelli, PhD; Samanta Mazzetti, PhD; Giovanni Signaroldi; Lorenzo Maggi; FRANCESCA ANDREETTA, PhD; Giuseppe Lauria; Grazia Devigili, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Alessandro Dinoto, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alessandro Dinoto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alessandro Dinoto",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dinoto has received research support from Encephalitis International . The institution of Dr. Dinoto has received research support from Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance."
        },
        {
          "name": "AMALIA CANCIELLO, LT",
          "normalized_name": "AMALIA CANCIELLO",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. CANCIELLO has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Raffaella Lombardi, BSc",
          "normalized_name": "Raffaella Lombardi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lombardi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "ANGELA DI MARO",
          "normalized_name": "ANGELA DI MARO",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. DI MARO has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniele Cartelli, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniele Cartelli",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cartelli has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samanta Mazzetti, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Samanta Mazzetti",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mazzetti has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giovanni Signaroldi",
          "normalized_name": "Giovanni Signaroldi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Signaroldi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lorenzo Maggi",
          "normalized_name": "Lorenzo Maggi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta",
          "disclosure": "Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Lorenzo Maggi has received research support from Ministry of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "FRANCESCA ANDREETTA, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "FRANCESCA ANDREETTA",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. ANDREETTA has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giuseppe Lauria",
          "normalized_name": "Giuseppe Lauria",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Giuseppe Lauria has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grazia Devigili, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Grazia Devigili",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Devigili has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alessandro Dinoto",
        "AMALIA CANCIELLO",
        "Raffaella Lombardi",
        "ANGELA DI MARO",
        "Daniele Cartelli",
        "Samanta Mazzetti",
        "Giovanni Signaroldi",
        "Lorenzo Maggi",
        "FRANCESCA ANDREETTA",
        "Giuseppe Lauria",
        "Grazia Devigili"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alessandro Dinoto, MD; AMALIA CANCIELLO, LT; Raffaella Lombardi, BSc; ANGELA DI MARO; Daniele Cartelli, PhD; Samanta Mazzetti, PhD; Giovanni Signaroldi; Lorenzo Maggi; FRANCESCA ANDREETTA, PhD; Giuseppe Lauria; Grazia Devigili, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta",
        "Objective": "This study aims at validating a two-step protocol for Plexin D1 antibodies (IgGs) detection and to at investigating their frequency in cryptogenic small fiber neuropathies (SFNs).",
        "Background": "Plexin D1-IgGs are a recently discovered antibody biomarker of neuropathic pain. Intrathecal injection of Plexin D1-IgG induces mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in animal models. Plexin D1-IgG have been reported in patients with SFNs with a prevalence ranging from 9% to 13% with heterogeneity in cohort selection and assays employed for antibody testing.",
        "Design/Methods": "An in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using recombinant extracellular domain of Plexin D1 was developed. 56 samples from healthy controls (HCs) were used to determine positivity cut-off (>5 standard deviations). Optic deviation was normalized for serum-specific background noise. Tissue-based immunofluorescence assay (TBA) on rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) was employed to confirm ELISA positive samples. TBA was defined as positive when surface staining of small DRG cells was observed. Forty-one patients with cryptogenic SFN, 10 patients with defined non-autoimmune SFN and additional 7 HCs with available serum samples were retrospectively enrolled. All patients fulfilled “definite” criteria for SFN.",
        "Results": "Plexin D1-IgG were detected in 5/41 patients with cryptogenic SFN by ELISA and confirmed by TBA in 3/41 (7%). ELISA positive, but TBA negative samples had borderline Plexin D1-IgG ELISA results. Plexin D1-IgG were not identified in HCs or non-autoimmune SFNs (0/17). Two Plexin D1-IgG positive patients (66%) were female and median age at onset was 32 years (median: 28-36). All patients had subacute onset of neuropathic pain in a non-length dependant distribution in 2/3 (66%).",
        "Conclusions": "Plexin D1-IgG are detected in 7% of cryptogenic SFN. Clinical features of Plexin D1-IgG positive patients were suggestive of an autoimmune etiology. A two-step approach employing ELISA for screening and TBA for confirmation improves diagnostic accuracy compared to ELISA alone.",
        "Disclosures": "Alessandro Dinoto, MD: The institution of Dr. Dinoto has received research support from Encephalitis International . The institution of Dr. Dinoto has received research support from Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance.\nAMALIA CANCIELLO, LT: Dr. CANCIELLO has nothing to disclose.\nRaffaella Lombardi, BSc: Dr. Lombardi has nothing to disclose.\nANGELA DI MARO: Dr. DI MARO has nothing to disclose.\nDaniele Cartelli, PhD: Dr. Cartelli has nothing to disclose.\nSamanta Mazzetti, PhD: Dr. Mazzetti has nothing to disclose.\nGiovanni Signaroldi: Mr. Signaroldi has nothing to disclose.\nLorenzo Maggi: Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Lorenzo Maggi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Lorenzo Maggi has received research support from Ministry of Health.\nFRANCESCA ANDREETTA, PhD: Dr. ANDREETTA has nothing to disclose.\nGiuseppe Lauria: Giuseppe Lauria has nothing to disclose.\nGrazia Devigili, MD, PhD: Dr. Devigili has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Plexin D1-IgG are detected in 7% of cryptogenic SFN. Clinical features of Plexin D1-IgG positive patients were suggestive of an autoimmune etiology. A two-step approach employing ELISA for screening and TBA for confirmation improves diagnostic accuracy compared to ELISA alone.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65119",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65119",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65120",
      "source_id": "65120",
      "abstract_number": "1-045",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-045",
      "title": "Nodes and Beyond…Masquerades of Peripheral Neuropathy",
      "authors": "Deepinder K. Maini, PhD; Rajiv Anand, MD; Varun Rehani; Atul Prasad, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Deepinder K. Maini, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Deepinder K. Maini, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Deepinder K. Maini",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "BLK hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Maini has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rajiv Anand, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rajiv Anand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Anand has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Varun Rehani",
          "normalized_name": "Varun Rehani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. REHANI has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Atul Prasad, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Atul Prasad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prasad has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Deepinder K. Maini",
        "Rajiv Anand",
        "Varun Rehani",
        "Atul Prasad"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "BLK hospital",
        "BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "BLK hospital",
        "BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Deepinder K. Maini, PhD; Rajiv Anand, MD; Varun Rehani; Atul Prasad, MD",
        "Affiliations": "BLK hospital\nBLK Max Super Speciality Hospital",
        "Objective": "We retrospectively reviewed 10 patients with treatment-resistant, relapsing, or atypical immune-mediated neuropathy who underwent nodal/paranodal antibody analysis. Clinical phenotype, cerebrospinal fluid, neuro-imaging, nerve conduction studies, antibody profiles, and treatment response were analysed. Antibody testing included NF140, NF155, NF186, CASPR2, sulfatide IgM, GAD65, and unclassified neuronal antibodies using ELISA.",
        "Background": "Immune-mediated neuropathies extend beyond the classical spectrum of GBS and CIDP. Recently, antibodies targeting nodal and paranodal proteins have been recognized as a distinct group of disorders termed autoimmune nodopathies.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively reviewed 10 patients with treatment-resistant, relapsing, or atypical immune-mediated neuropathy who underwent nodal/paranodal antibody testing. Clinical phenotype, cerebrospinal fluid, neuro-imaging, serial nerve conduction studies, antibody profiles, and treatment response were analyed. Antibody testing included NF140, NF155, NF186, CASPR2, sulfatide IgM, GAD65, and unclassified neuronal antibodies using ELISA.",
        "Results": "Ten patients (mean age 50.4 years; range 29-81 years) with immune-mediated neuropathy were identified. Clinical presentations included acute GBS (n=3), CIDP (n=3), motor-predominant neuropathy mimicking motor neuron disease (n=1), painful small-fiber-predominant neuropathy (n=1), immune-mediated brachial plexopathy (n=1), and GBS-CIDP overlap phenotype (n=1). Nodal/paranodal antibodies were detected in the majority of patients, including neurofascin-155 (n=2), neurofascin-140 (n=2), neurofascin-186 (n=2), and sulfatide IgM (n=2), while two patients demonstrated unclassified neuronal antibodies.",
        "Conclusions": "Autoimmune nodopathies can masquerade as peripheral neuropathy. Integrating clinical phenotype, serial electrophysiology, antibody testing, especially in a resistant and atypical presentation may improve diagnostic accuracy.",
        "Disclosures": "Deepinder K. Maini, PhD: Dr. Maini has nothing to disclose.\nRajiv Anand, MD: Dr. Anand has nothing to disclose.\nVarun Rehani: Dr. REHANI has nothing to disclose.\nAtul Prasad, MD: Dr. Prasad has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Autoimmune nodopathies can masquerade as peripheral neuropathy. Integrating clinical phenotype, serial electrophysiology, antibody testing, especially in a resistant and atypical presentation may improve diagnostic accuracy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65120",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65120",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 235
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65121",
      "source_id": "65121",
      "abstract_number": "1-046",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-046",
      "title": "Rituximab in IgM Anti-MAG Demyelinating Polyneuropathy: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Random-effects Meta-analysis of Observational Cohorts",
      "authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Shankar Biswas, MD; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Simran Arora, MBBS; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
      "presenting_author": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jignen J. Prajapati",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yashasvi Srivastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shankar Biswas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shankar Biswas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sindhu Vasireddy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sindhu Vasireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simran Arora, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Simran Arora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
          "disclosure": "Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jignen J. Prajapati",
        "Yashasvi Srivastava",
        "Shankar Biswas",
        "Sindhu Vasireddy",
        "Simran Arora",
        "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Shankar Biswas, MD; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Simran Arora, MBBS; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
        "Affiliations": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
        "Objective": "To quantitatively synthesise observational evidence on rituximab efficacy and safety in IgM anti-MAG demyelinating polyneuropathy, and to evaluate the comparative benefit of CD27? memory B-cell-guided versus relapse-based retreatment strategies.",
        "Background": "IgM anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG) demyelinating polyneuropathy is a rare disease for which rituximab is the most widely used therapy. The most recent Cochrane review (2016) pooled two randomised trials (n = 73) with low GRADE certainty. Observational cohorts published since 2007, including three series in 2024-2025, have not been quantitatively synthesised.",
        "Design/Methods": "A systematic review and Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis of observational rituximab studies in adults with IgM anti-MAG demyelinating polyneuropathy was conducted. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched from inception to 30 January 2026. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients meeting a composite responder definition (≥1-point improvement on ≥2 of INCAT-DS, ISS, MRC) at 12 months. Pooled proportions were estimated on the logit scale with a half-normal(0, 0.5) prior on between-study τ. Risk of bias was assessed by ROBINS-I.",
        "Results": "Eight cohorts comprising 279 rituximab-treated patients were included. The pooled 12-month composite responder rate was 54.1% (95% CrI, 34.4-73.2%; k = 2; n = 62). The secondary broader composite was 37.0% (22.0-54.5%; k = 4) and the ONLS-based pool was 33.7% (17.2-56.4%; k = 3). CD27+ memory B-cell-guided retreatment was associated with greater ISS improvement than relapse-based retreatment (mean difference, −1.69; 95% CI, −3.48 to +0.10) at less than half the cumulative dose. Pooled IgM flare was 8.2% (3.2-17.8%). Risk of bias was Serious in 5 of 8 studies.",
        "Conclusions": "Rituximab was associated with composite response at 12 months in approximately half of patients, with wide credible intervals and low certainty under GRADE. Adequately powered randomised trials of biomarker-guided retreatment and head-to-head comparison against Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors are warranted.",
        "Disclosures": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS: Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose.\nYashasvi Srivastava, MBBS: Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose.\nShankar Biswas, MD: Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose.\nSindhu Vasireddy, MD: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose.\nSimran Arora, MBBS: Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose.\nSai Pratibha Yandamuri: Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Rituximab was associated with composite response at 12 months in approximately half of patients, with wide credible intervals and low certainty under GRADE. Adequately powered randomised trials of biomarker-guided retreatment and head-to-head comparison against Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors are warranted.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65121",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65121",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65122",
      "source_id": "65122",
      "abstract_number": "1-047",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-047",
      "title": "New Organ Manifestations Associated with Neurosarcoidosis Years Later in a Longitudinal Patient-reported Cohort: Real-world Data from the Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research Patient Registry",
      "authors": "Elise Hoover, MPH; Ethan Fechter-Leggett, DVM, MPVM; Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN; Logan J. Harper, MD; Daniel P. Kurz, MD; Mary McGowan, MA; Sarah J. Sandison, MSc, MA; Leslie Serchuck, MD; Tricha Shivas, MBe",
      "presenting_author": "Elise Hoover, MPH",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Elise Hoover, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Elise Hoover",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Hoover has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ethan Fechter-Leggett, DVM, MPVM",
          "normalized_name": "Ethan Fechter-Leggett, DVM, MPVM",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fechter-Leggett has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey M. Gelfand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ventyx Bio. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Vigil Neurosciences. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Steering Committee Chairperson and member with Roche / Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Logan J. Harper, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Logan J. Harper",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Harper has received research support from NIMHD. The institution of Dr. Harper has received research support from NCATS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel P. Kurz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel P. Kurz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Chicago",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Kurz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Grainger. Dr. Kurz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research. An immediate family member of Dr. Kurz has or had stock in Grainger. The institution of Dr. Kurz has received research support from Biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mary McGowan, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Mary McGowan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. McGowan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Program Support with Keenova (formerly Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Program Support with Boehringer Ingelheim that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Clinical Trial Support with Avalyn that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Program Support with Insmed that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah J. Sandison, MSc, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah J. Sandison",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Sandison has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leslie Serchuck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Leslie Serchuck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Serchuck has a non-compensated relationship as a BOARD OF DIRECTORS with FOUNDATION FOR SARCOIDOSIS RESEARCH that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tricha Shivas, MBe",
          "normalized_name": "Tricha Shivas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Shivas has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a consulting/program support with Keenova that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a consulting/program support with Boehringer Ingelheim that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting with Avalyn that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting with Insmed that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Elise Hoover",
        "Ethan Fechter-Leggett, DVM, MPVM",
        "Jeffrey M. Gelfand",
        "Logan J. Harper",
        "Daniel P. Kurz",
        "Mary McGowan",
        "Sarah J. Sandison",
        "Leslie Serchuck",
        "Tricha Shivas"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "University of Chicago"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "University of Chicago"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Elise Hoover, MPH; Ethan Fechter-Leggett, DVM, MPVM; Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN; Logan J. Harper, MD; Daniel P. Kurz, MD; Mary McGowan, MA; Sarah J. Sandison, MSc, MA; Leslie Serchuck, MD; Tricha Shivas, MBe",
        "Affiliations": "University of California, San Francisco\nUniversity of Chicago",
        "Objective": "To understand self-reported incidence of new organ manifestations and quality of life impacts among those reporting neurosarcoidosis at baseline.",
        "Background": "The Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research (FSR) Patient Registry captures longitudinal data on demographics, disease experience, and quality of life from patients with sarcoidosis.",
        "Design/Methods": "Participants who completed Annual Follow-Up surveys through 12/2025 were included. We calculated incidence rates (IR) for new organ manifestations using modified Poisson regression accounting for person-time between surveys, and modeled Sarcoidosis Health Questionnaire (SHQ) scores, total (T) and subdomains Daily Functioning (DF), Physical Functioning (PF), and Emotional Functioning (EF), at follow-up adjusting for age at baseline, sex, race, years between baseline and follow-up, and respective SHQ baseline score.",
        "Results": "Among the 970 included participants, average time to follow-up between surveys was 3.9 years, with 72% identifying as White and 10% as African American. At baseline, 13.8% reported brain/cranial nerve involvement (BCN), and 18.3% reported peripheral nerve involvement (PN). Among participants with BCN, the most treatment-relevant IRs of new organ involvement per 1,000 person-years were skin (71), heart (67), peripheral nerves (59), liver (54), and eyes (19). All SHQ domains at follow-up were not significantly different among participants with BCN, PN, or BCN+PN. However, participants with PN had 0.55-point lower SHQ-DF, 0.51-point lower SHQ-EF, and 0.56-point lower SHQ-T scores at follow-up compared with patients with who reported neither BCN nor PN (P<0.01).",
        "Conclusions": "Individuals in the FSR Patient Registry frequently report development of additional organ involvement and quality of life impacts years after initial diagnosis. These findings underscore the multisystem nature of sarcoidosis and the importance of long-term monitoring. The FSR Global Sarcoidosis Clinic Alliance is uniquely positioned to meet this need through its collaborative, multidisciplinary network of providers committed to evidence-based, patient-centered care, and sharing best practices that help sarcoidosis specialists ensure continuity of care as a patient’s sarcoidosis evolves.",
        "Disclosures": "Elise Hoover, MPH: Ms. Hoover has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research.\nEthan Fechter-Leggett, DVM, MPVM: Dr. Fechter-Leggett has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research.\nJeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN: Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ventyx Bio. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Vigil Neurosciences. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Steering Committee Chairperson and member with Roche / Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nLogan J. Harper, MD: The institution of Dr. Harper has received research support from NIMHD. The institution of Dr. Harper has received research support from NCATS.\nDaniel P. Kurz, MD: An immediate family member of Dr. Kurz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Grainger. Dr. Kurz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research. An immediate family member of Dr. Kurz has or had stock in Grainger. The institution of Dr. Kurz has received research support from Biogen.\nMary McGowan, MA: Ms. McGowan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Program Support with Keenova (formerly Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Program Support with Boehringer Ingelheim that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Clinical Trial Support with Avalyn that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Ms. McGowan has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting/Program Support with Insmed that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nSarah J. Sandison, MSc, MA: Ms. Sandison has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research .\nLeslie Serchuck, MD: Dr. Serchuck has a non-compensated relationship as a BOARD OF DIRECTORS with FOUNDATION FOR SARCOIDOSIS RESEARCH that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nTricha Shivas, MBe: Mrs. Shivas has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a consulting/program support with Keenova that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a consulting/program support with Boehringer Ingelheim that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting with Avalyn that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Mrs. Shivas has a non-compensated relationship as a Consulting with Insmed that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Individuals in the FSR Patient Registry frequently report development of additional organ involvement and quality of life impacts years after initial diagnosis. These findings underscore the multisystem nature of sarcoidosis and the importance of long-term monitoring.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65122",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65122",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 313
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65123",
      "source_id": "65123",
      "abstract_number": "1-048",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-048",
      "title": "Small Fiber Neuropathy (SFN) in Pediatric Rheumatological Disorders: Characteristics and Presenting Features",
      "authors": "Kadambari H. Vyas, MD; Akaluck Thatayatikom, MD; Vikram Prakash, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Kadambari H. Vyas, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kadambari H. Vyas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kadambari H. Vyas",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Vyas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Akaluck Thatayatikom, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Akaluck Thatayatikom",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thatayatikom has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vikram Prakash, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Vikram Prakash",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital MP 166",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prakash has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kadambari H. Vyas",
        "Akaluck Thatayatikom",
        "Vikram Prakash"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital MP 166"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital MP 166"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kadambari H. Vyas, MD; Akaluck Thatayatikom, MD; Vikram Prakash, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital MP 166",
        "Objective": "To evaluate clinical characteristics of pediatric Small Fiber Neuropathy (SFN) in rheumatological disorders to create greater awareness about this disease among treating physicians.",
        "Background": "Small Fiber Neuropathy (SFN) is a common but underdiagnosed neurologic complication which can be secondary to rheumatologic disorders. While well described in adults, there is limited data for the pediatric population.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients. SFN was diagnosed by Epidermal Nerve Fiber Density (ENFD), values on skin biopsy, and/or Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Test (QSART) testing. Rheumatological disorders were diagnosed using published standard criteria for children.",
        "Results": "Nine patients with SFN and coexisting rheumatologic disorders were identified. Seven patients were diagnosed with Sjogren’s syndrome, one with scleroderma, and one with both Sjogren’s syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Mean age at diagnosis of neuropathy and rheumatologic disorder was 15.55 years and 16.11 years, respectively. 57.1% of patients with Sjogren’s syndrome were diagnosed with neuropathy before their Sjogren’s diagnosis with a mean delay of 1.3 years. Presenting symptoms were neuropathic pain or sensory impairment, orthostatic dizziness, headaches, and constipation, but patients later developed a combination of these symptoms. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) was diagnosed in 5 patients (55.6%). Comorbid conditions included Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), mast cell activation, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and Celiac disease. Five patients have started treatment: 4 with IVIG and 1 with Plaquenil for ≥ 3 months. Four of these patients have shown clinical improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "Sjogren’s syndrome should be suspected in children with SFN as most patients were diagnosed with neuropathy before their rheumatologic diagnosis. Scleroderma and SLE can have associated SFN. Neuropathic pain and/or sensory impairment, GI symptoms, and/or orthostatic intolerance can be the presenting symptom. IVIG in conjunction with immunomodulatory therapy for rheumatologic disorders is an effective add-on treatment for SFN.",
        "Disclosures": "Kadambari H. Vyas, MD: Miss Vyas has nothing to disclose.\nAkaluck Thatayatikom, MD: Dr. Thatayatikom has nothing to disclose.\nVikram Prakash, MD: Dr. Prakash has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Sjogren’s syndrome should be suspected in children with SFN as most patients were diagnosed with neuropathy before their rheumatologic diagnosis. Scleroderma and SLE can have associated SFN. Neuropathic pain and/or sensory impairment, GI symptoms, and/or orthostatic intolerance can be the presenting symptom. IVIG in conjunction with immunomodulatory therapy for rheumatologic disorders is an effective add-on treatment for SFN.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65123",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65123",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65124",
      "source_id": "65124",
      "abstract_number": "1-049",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-049",
      "title": "A Guillain-Barré Mimic with Rapid Deterioration: Pan-Neurofascin Autoimmune Nodopathy in a patient with New Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus",
      "authors": "Laiba Iqbal; Katherine Sclafani; Ereny Mikhael, MD; Jesus Lovera, MD; Rima N. El-Abassi, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Laiba Iqbal",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Laiba Iqbal",
          "normalized_name": "Laiba Iqbal",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Iqbal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katherine Sclafani",
          "normalized_name": "Katherine Sclafani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Sclafani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ereny Mikhael, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ereny Mikhael",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Ereny Mikhael",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mikhael has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jesus Lovera, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jesus Lovera",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "LSUHSC-New Orleans",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lovera has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rima N. El-Abassi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rima N. El-Abassi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY",
          "disclosure": "Dr. El-Abassi has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Laiba Iqbal",
        "Katherine Sclafani",
        "Ereny Mikhael",
        "Jesus Lovera",
        "Rima N. El-Abassi"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Ereny Mikhael",
        "LSUHSC-New Orleans",
        "LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Ereny Mikhael",
        "LSUHSC-New Orleans",
        "LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Laiba Iqbal; Katherine Sclafani; Ereny Mikhael, MD; Jesus Lovera, MD; Rima N. El-Abassi, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Ereny Mikhael\nLSUHSC-New Orleans\nLOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY",
        "Objective": "To highlight autoimmune nodopathy mimicking GBS and the need for early diagnostic reassessment and targeted therapy.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune nodopathies are immune-mediated neuropathies that can resemble Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), making diagnosis challenging. They are associated with IgG4 antibodies targeting nodal and paranodal proteins including NF186, NF155, CNTN1, and Caspr1. In 2021, the EAN/PNS classified autoimmune nodo-paranodopathy as a distinct subtype of polyneuropathy. These disorders often follow an aggressive course with cranial nerve involvement and demonstrate minimal response to IVIG, while B-cell-targeted therapies such as rituximab are more effective. We present a case of acute-onset, severe pan-nodopathy that initially mimicked GBS, ultimately associated with new-onset SLE. Although the mechanisms underlying this form of polyautoimmunity remain poorly understood, increased awareness is critical to enable early recognition and appropriate management, helping to prevent a potentially life-threatening disease course.",
        "Design/Methods": "An 18-year-old woman with new-onset SLE, nephrotic syndrome, and pneumonia presented with rapidly progressive ascending weakness and bulbar involvement. Initial findings suggested GBS, and IVIG was initiated. Despite treatment, she deteriorated within three days to quadriplegia with respiratory failure requiring intubation. Electrodiagnostic studies showed a progressive sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy with severe active denervation, and biopsy demonstrated mild axonal loss.",
        "Results": "Given her rapid decline and poor response to IVIG, therapy was escalated to plasma exchange, corticosteroids, mycophenolate mofetil, hydroxychloroquine, and cyclophosphamide. Serologic testing identified pan-neurofascin (NF155/NF186) IgG4 antibodies, confirming autoimmune nodopathy. Rituximab was initially unavailable, so ofatumumab was initiated in the meanwhile with marked clinical improvement over subsequent weeks.",
        "Conclusions": "Autoimmune nodopathies may mimic GBS but often show continued progression and poor response to IVIG. Early recognition is essential, as management requires escalation to targeted immunotherapy. This case underscores the importance of reassessing the diagnosis in patients with presumed GBS who fail to improve or have an atypical course.",
        "Disclosures": "Laiba Iqbal: Miss Iqbal has nothing to disclose.\nKatherine Sclafani: Miss Sclafani has nothing to disclose.\nEreny Mikhael, MD: Dr. Mikhael has nothing to disclose.\nJesus Lovera, MD: Dr. Lovera has nothing to disclose.\nRima N. El-Abassi, MD: Dr. El-Abassi has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Autoimmune nodopathies may mimic GBS but often show continued progression and poor response to IVIG. Early recognition is essential, as management requires escalation to targeted immunotherapy. This case underscores the importance of reassessing the diagnosis in patients with presumed GBS who fail to improve or have an atypical course.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65124",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65124",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 292
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65125",
      "source_id": "65125",
      "abstract_number": "1-050",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-050",
      "title": "Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Targeted Therapies in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis",
      "authors": "Aiza Siddiqui; Hasnain W. Saqib, MBBS; Ayesha Ubaid Ullah, MBBS; Laiba Ahsan, MBBS; Zainab B. Tahir, MBBS; Mahrosh Iftikhar, MBBS; Syeda Shajia Shahid Gillani, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Aiza Siddiqui",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aiza Siddiqui",
          "normalized_name": "Aiza Siddiqui",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Siddiqui has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hasnain W. Saqib, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Hasnain W. Saqib",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Riphah International University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saqib has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ayesha Ubaid Ullah, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ayesha Ubaid Ullah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Ubaid Ullah has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laiba Ahsan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Laiba Ahsan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Ahsan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zainab B. Tahir, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Zainab B. Tahir",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tahir has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mahrosh Iftikhar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mahrosh Iftikhar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Iftikhar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Syeda Shajia Shahid Gillani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Syeda Shajia Shahid Gillani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shahid Gillani has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aiza Siddiqui",
        "Hasnain W. Saqib",
        "Ayesha Ubaid Ullah",
        "Laiba Ahsan",
        "Zainab B. Tahir",
        "Mahrosh Iftikhar",
        "Syeda Shajia Shahid Gillani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Riphah International University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Riphah International University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aiza Siddiqui; Hasnain W. Saqib, MBBS; Ayesha Ubaid Ullah, MBBS; Laiba Ahsan, MBBS; Zainab B. Tahir, MBBS; Mahrosh Iftikhar, MBBS; Syeda Shajia Shahid Gillani, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Riphah International University",
        "Objective": "To compare the efficacy and safety of targeted therapies for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) using network meta-analysis.",
        "Background": "Multiple targeted therapy classes exist for gMG, yet no head-to-head trials have been conducted. Indirect comparative evidence across clinician-rated and patient-reported outcomes is critically needed to guide treatment selection.",
        "Design/Methods": "We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov through April 2026. Eligible studies were randomized placebo-controlled trials in adults with gMG reporting change from baseline in Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) score, MG-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale, overall adverse events (AEs), or serious adverse events (SAEs). Bayesian random-effects NMA with a half-normal prior on between-study heterogeneity was the primary analysis; frequentist NMA served as sensitivity. Drug-level and mechanistic class-level analyses were conducted. Treatment ranking used the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA).",
        "Results": "Seventeen placebo-controlled RCTs encompassing 12 drugs across five mechanistic classes and 1,827 participants were included. For QMG, batoclimab ranked highest (SUCRA: 95.2%; MD: -5.37, 95% CrI: -8.06 to -2.92) but demonstrated no MG-ADL benefit (SUCRA: 24.7%; MD: 0.04, 95% CrI: -2.33 to 2.98), representing the most pronounced outcome-dependent rank reversal in the network. For MG-ADL, zilucoplan ranked first (SUCRA: 69.7%) and efgartigimod second (67.8%). At class level, complement inhibitors (MD: -1.92, 95% CrI: -2.82 to -1.04) and FcRN blockers (MD: -1.56, 95% CrI: -2.14 to -0.87) showed significant MG-ADL improvement. Satralizumab was the only agent with statistically confirmed excess overall AEs (OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.44-7.14).",
        "Conclusions": "No single targeted therapy demonstrates consistent superiority across clinician-rated and patient-reported outcomes in gMG. Batoclimab and efgartigimod show opposing rank reversals between QMG and MG-ADL, demonstrating that outcome selection critically determines comparative rankings. FcRN blockers and complement inhibitors provide the strongest class-level efficacy evidence. Satralizumab carries the only confirmed excess adverse event burden, underscoring the need for outcome-specific prescribing and head-to-head trials.",
        "Disclosures": "Aiza Siddiqui: Ms. Siddiqui has nothing to disclose.\nHasnain W. Saqib, MBBS: Dr. Saqib has nothing to disclose.\nAyesha Ubaid Ullah, MBBS: Miss Ubaid Ullah has nothing to disclose.\nLaiba Ahsan, MBBS: Ms. Ahsan has nothing to disclose.\nZainab B. Tahir, MBBS: Dr. Tahir has nothing to disclose.\nMahrosh Iftikhar, MBBS: Ms. Iftikhar has nothing to disclose.\nSyeda Shajia Shahid Gillani, MBBS: Dr. Shahid Gillani has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "No single targeted therapy demonstrates consistent superiority across clinician-rated and patient-reported outcomes in gMG. Batoclimab and efgartigimod show opposing rank reversals between QMG and MG-ADL, demonstrating that outcome selection critically determines comparative rankings. FcRN blockers and complement inhibitors provide the strongest class-level efficacy evidence.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65125",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65125",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 319
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65126",
      "source_id": "65126",
      "abstract_number": "1-051",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-051",
      "title": "Lactate Dehydrogenase-to-Absolute Lymphocyte Count Ratio as a Biomarker of Disease Activity in Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Arooba Iqbal; Tahreem Sajjad, MBBS; Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS; Wajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, FEBN",
      "presenting_author": "Arooba Iqbal",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Arooba Iqbal",
          "normalized_name": "Arooba Iqbal",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Iqbal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tahreem Sajjad, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Tahreem Sajjad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sajjad has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
          "normalized_name": "Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nisa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Wajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, FEBN",
          "normalized_name": "Wajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, FEBN",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jawaid has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Arooba Iqbal",
        "Tahreem Sajjad",
        "Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
        "Wajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, FEBN"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Arooba Iqbal; Tahreem Sajjad, MBBS; Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS; Wajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, FEBN",
        "Objective": "This study attempts to determine the association of lactate dehydrogenase to absolute lymphocyte count ratio (LAR score) with Myasthenia Gravis (MG) severity.",
        "Background": "MG is chronic autoimmune disorder with varying severity, and current assessment methods do not provide cost effective, easily obtainable biomarkers that determines disease activity. The LAR score which indicates both muscle damage and immune function, has demonstrated prognostic significance in some systemic diseases but not studied in MG.",
        "Design/Methods": "This case control study included 65 patients with MG and 65 healthy controls. The disease severity was assessed according to Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living Scale (MG-ADL). Patients with score of 0 to 15 were grouped into mild to moderate disease and with score of 16 to 24 were grouped into severe disease. LAR score was calculated and compared among disease cases and healthy control groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of variables was used to determine the contribution of variance in MG disease severity. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the role of LAR as risk factor for MG severity. Statistical significance was taken as P < 0.05.",
        "Results": "LAR score was significantly higher in severe disease as compared to mild to moderate disease groups [(1.23 + 0.65) vs (0.27 + 0.21), P=0.000] and in disease cases than healthy controls [(0.66 + 0.64) vs (0.09 + 0.05), P=0.000]. ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84-0.98, P=0.000). The optimal cutoff value was ≥ 0.45, yielding a sensitivity of 77.8% and a specificity of 84.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher LAR score is an independent risk factor of disease severity (OR = 0.002, 95% CI: 0.00003-0.192, P=0.007).",
        "Conclusions": "LAR score can be used as simple and easily accessible potential marker for disease activity of MG.",
        "Disclosures": "Arooba Iqbal: Dr. Iqbal has nothing to disclose.\nTahreem Sajjad, MBBS: Dr. Sajjad has nothing to disclose.\nQamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS: Dr. Nisa has nothing to disclose.\nWajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, FEBN: Dr. Jawaid has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "LAR score can be used as simple and easily accessible potential marker for disease activity of MG.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65126",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65126",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 314
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65127",
      "source_id": "65127",
      "abstract_number": "1-052",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-052",
      "title": "Reduced Clinical Deteriorations and Healthcare Resource Utilization After Switching from Efgartigimod to Ravulizumab in Patients with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis in the United States",
      "authors": "Beth Stein, MD; Sonia M. Caraballo-Cartagena, MD; Michael Blackowicz, PhD; Emma Weiskopf, MD; Rebecca Novak; Dongxiao Zhang, PhD; Christopher A. Scheiner, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Beth Stein, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Beth Stein, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Beth Stein",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson . Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sonia M. Caraballo-Cartagena, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sonia M. Caraballo-Cartagena",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Duly Health and Care",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Blackowicz, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Blackowicz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackowicz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Blackowicz has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emma Weiskopf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Emma Weiskopf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Weiskopf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Weiskopf has or had stock in Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rebecca Novak",
          "normalized_name": "Rebecca Novak",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "GCI Group",
          "disclosure": "Rebecca Novak has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veeva Systems Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dongxiao Zhang, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Dongxiao Zhang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zhang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veeva Systems."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher A. Scheiner, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher A. Scheiner",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "TCNI",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Jansssen. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen. The institution of Dr. Scheiner has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Beth Stein",
        "Sonia M. Caraballo-Cartagena",
        "Michael Blackowicz",
        "Emma Weiskopf",
        "Rebecca Novak",
        "Dongxiao Zhang",
        "Christopher A. Scheiner"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Duly Health and Care",
        "Alexion",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "GCI Group",
        "TCNI"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Duly Health and Care",
        "Alexion",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "GCI Group",
        "TCNI"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Beth Stein, MD; Sonia M. Caraballo-Cartagena, MD; Michael Blackowicz, PhD; Emma Weiskopf, MD; Rebecca Novak; Dongxiao Zhang, PhD; Christopher A. Scheiner, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Duly Health and Care\nAlexion\nAlexion Pharmaceuticals\nGCI Group\nTCNI",
        "Objective": "To estimate the incidence of clinical deteriorations and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) among patients with AChR-Ab+ generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) who switched from efgartigimod to ravulizumab.",
        "Background": "Despite the availability of newer biologics, gMG remains suboptimally controlled in many patients receiving conventional immunosuppressants and oral corticosteroids (OCS). Efgartigimod (FcRn-antagonist) and ravulizumab ( C5-inhibitor) have distinct mechanisms of action, and switching between these therapies occurs in clinical practice when symptoms, exacerbations, or dependence on oral corticosteroids (OCS) persist. Real-world evidence evaluating outcomes during these transitions remains limited.",
        "Design/Methods": "This was a retrospective cohort study using Veeva Compass US claims data of adults with gMG who transitioned from efgartigimod to ravulizumab. Outcomes included gMG exacerbations, OCS dose escalations, and several HCRU endpoints. Incidence rates were compared across three periods: conventional therapy period (“baseline”), efgartigimod period (pre-switch), and ravulizumab period (post-switch). Multivariable-adjusted generalized estimating equations were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs).",
        "Results": "We identified 107 eligible patients with median follow-up of 19, 13, and 14 months during baseline, efgartigimod, and ravulizumab periods, respectively. After initiation of efgartigimod, there were no differences versus baseline in rates of MG exacerbation (IRR=0.63 [0.33-1.19]; p=0.152) or OCS dose escalation (IRR=1.09 [0.81-1.47]; p=0.561). After switching from efgartigimod to ravulizumab, gMG exacerbation rates decreased by 60% (IRR=0.40 [0.20-0.80]; p=0.009) and OCS dose escalation rates decreased by 55% (IRR=0.45 [0.31-0.65]; p<0.001). Similar reductions were observed for Emergency Department encounters and total inpatient days. Neurology outpatient visits increased by 38% during the efgartigimod period (IRR=1.38 [1.06-1.80]; p=0.018) followed by a 63% reduction after switching to ravulizumab (IRR=0.37 [0.28-0.48];p<0.001).",
        "Conclusions": "Patients with gMG experienced reductions in clinical deteriorations and HCRU following a switch from efgartigimod to ravulizumab. These findings suggest that complement inhibition with ravulizumab may reduce disease burden and HCRU in patients with gMG previously treated with efgartigimod.",
        "Disclosures": "Beth Stein, MD: Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson . Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Stein has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson.\nSonia M. Caraballo-Cartagena, MD: Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Caraballo-Cartagena has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx.\nMichael Blackowicz, PhD: Dr. Blackowicz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Blackowicz has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals.\nEmma Weiskopf, MD: Dr. Weiskopf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Weiskopf has or had stock in Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease.\nRebecca Novak: Rebecca Novak has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veeva Systems Inc.\nDongxiao Zhang, PhD: Dr. Zhang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veeva Systems.\nChristopher A. Scheiner, MD, PhD: Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Jansssen. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Scheiner has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen. The institution of Dr. Scheiner has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Patients with gMG experienced reductions in clinical deteriorations and HCRU following a switch from efgartigimod to ravulizumab. These findings suggest that complement inhibition with ravulizumab may reduce disease burden and HCRU in patients with gMG previously treated with efgartigimod.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65127",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65127",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 331
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65128",
      "source_id": "65128",
      "abstract_number": "1-053",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-053",
      "title": "Impact of Time Since Diagnosis on Inebilizumab Efficacy: Post-hoc Phase 3 MINT Trial Data Analysis",
      "authors": "Blanca Canales, PharmD; Ali A. Habib, MD; James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN; Michael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN; Emma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN; Maria I. Leite, MD; Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD; John Vissing, MD; Sarah Bray, PhD; Michaela Schlader-Ratzinger, MD; Catherine Najem, PhD; Sue Cheng; Richard J. Nowak, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Canales has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen. Dr. Canales has or had stock in Amgen ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ali A. Habib, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ali A. Habib",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California, Irvine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon/ Amgen. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Jansen/Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMDSerono/Merck. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NIH/NINDS. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunis Biomedical. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hoffman-La Roche. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Jansen/Joohnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from CabalettaBio. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Arcellx. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from EMDSerono/Merck. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Cour Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "James F. Howard, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx . Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN (Horizon Therapeutics). Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biohaven Ltd. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck EMD Serono. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for H. Lundbeck A/S. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Seismic Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Academic CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PeerView CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Platform Q CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MJH LifeSci. Dr. Howard has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Pfizer dividends. An immediate family member of Dr. Howard has or had stock in GlaxoSmithKline dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Bristol Myer Squbb dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in AbbieVie Inc. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from argenx . The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from UCB Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Centers for Disease Control/Research Triangle Institute. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Cartestian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Merck EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisiory Board member, Committee member with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Committee member with American Assoc Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael G. Benatar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Miami",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arrowhead. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UniQure. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eli Lilly. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CorEvitas. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Canopy. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alaunos. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Prilenia. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alector. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Woolsey. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Benatar has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Emma Ciafaloni",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Rochester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx, Alexion, Sarepta, UCB, Hoffman-LaRoche, Biogen. Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis, AnnJi Pharmaceutical, ML-BIO, Avidity. The institution of Dr. Ciafaloni has received research support from CDC, CureSMA, FDA, Orphazyme, Sarepta, PCORI, Neurogene. Dr. Ciafaloni has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria I. Leite, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria I. Leite",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon / Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela/Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Myaware. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from UCB - Ra Pharma. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Muscular Dystrophy UK."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hanamaki General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela Bio. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubisi Tanabe pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion phama. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Japan Blood Products Organization. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Vissing, MD",
          "normalized_name": "John Vissing",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rigshospitalet",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Denali Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avidity Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Italfarmaco. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson (Janssen). Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Edgewise Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Rigshospitalet. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Avidity. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Roche. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from AnnJi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah Bray, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah Bray",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bray has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen Ltd. Dr. Bray has stock in Amgen Ltd."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michaela Schlader-Ratzinger, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michaela Schlader-Ratzinger",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Schlader-Ratzinger has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen GmbH. Dr. Schlader-Ratzinger has stock in Amgen Inc.."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catherine Najem, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Catherine Najem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Najem has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Janssen R&D US."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sue Cheng",
          "normalized_name": "Sue Cheng",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Amgen Inc",
          "disclosure": "Sue Cheng has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Richard J. Nowak, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Richard J. Nowak",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Yale University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cabaletta Bio . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cour Pharma. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janseen . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Alexion . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Janseen. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Immunovant . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Nowak has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Board of Directors with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
        "Ali A. Habib",
        "James F. Howard, Jr",
        "Michael G. Benatar",
        "Emma Ciafaloni",
        "Maria I. Leite",
        "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
        "John Vissing",
        "Sarah Bray",
        "Michaela Schlader-Ratzinger",
        "Catherine Najem",
        "Sue Cheng",
        "Richard J. Nowak"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of California, Irvine",
        "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
        "University of Miami",
        "University of Rochester Medical Center",
        "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
        "Hanamaki General Hospital",
        "Rigshospitalet",
        "Amgen Inc",
        "Yale University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of California, Irvine",
        "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
        "University of Miami",
        "University of Rochester Medical Center",
        "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
        "Hanamaki General Hospital",
        "Rigshospitalet",
        "Amgen Inc",
        "Yale University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Blanca Canales, PharmD; Ali A. Habib, MD; James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN; Michael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN; Emma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN; Maria I. Leite, MD; Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD; John Vissing, MD; Sarah Bray, PhD; Michaela Schlader-Ratzinger, MD; Catherine Najem, PhD; Sue Cheng; Richard J. Nowak, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of California, Irvine\nThe University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025\nUniversity of Miami\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center\nNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford\nHanamaki General Hospital\nRigshospitalet\nAmgen Inc\nYale University School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To determine if response to inebilizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD19+ B cells, differs by time since diagnosis of generalized myasthenia gravis in the MINT phase 3 trial.",
        "Background": "Generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) is characterized by autoreactive B cells producing anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR+), anti-muscle-specific kinase antibodies (MuSK+), or other autoantibodies. The MINT primary endpoint (change in Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living [MG-ADL] score) was achieved, supporting the efficacy of inebilizumab in gMG.",
        "Design/Methods": "Participants with AChR + or MuSK + seropositive gMG were enrolled in MINT (NCT04524273). Participants underwent a protocol-specified glucocorticoid taper to ≤5 mg/day and were randomized 1:1 to 300mg inebilizumab or placebo for 26 (MuSK + ) or 52 (AChR + ) weeks. Changes from baseline (CFBs) in MG-ADL and Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) scores by time since diagnosis (date of first dose in the randomized, controlled period minus gMG diagnosis date) were examined in this post hoc analysis.",
        "Results": "Overall, 238 participants (AChR + , 190; MuSK + , 48) were enrolled and randomized to inebilizumab or placebo. The least squares mean (LSM) CFB in MG-ADL score was overall numerically greater for inebilizumab vs placebo at week (W) 26 for participants with time since diagnosis of <1 year (-5.4 vs -3.0), ≥1y-<4y (-4.3 vs -1.8), and ≥4y (-3.7 vs -2.5); the LSM CFB in QMG score was also numerically greater for inebilizumab vs placebo at W26 (<1y, -5.2 vs -4.0; ≥1y-<4y, -6.4 vs -2.2; ≥4y, -4.0 vs -1.9). Significant improvements from baseline with inebilizumab vs placebo were observed at W52 for MG-ADL (AChR + : <1y, -5.7 vs -2.3; ≥1y-<4y, -5.0 vs -2.7; ≥4y, -4.0 vs -1.5) and QMG (AChR + : <1y, -7.4 vs -1.8; ≥1y-<4y, -8.3 vs -2.9, ≥4y, -3.9 vs -0.5) scores.",
        "Conclusions": "The efficacy of inebilizumab appears independent of time since diagnosis, although the small size of subgroups limits firm conclusions.",
        "Disclosures": "Blanca Canales, PharmD: Dr. Canales has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen. Dr. Canales has or had stock in Amgen .\nAli A. Habib, MD: Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon/ Amgen. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Jansen/Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMDSerono/Merck. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NIH/NINDS. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunis Biomedical. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hoffman-La Roche. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Habib has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Jansen/Joohnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from CabalettaBio. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Arcellx. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from EMDSerono/Merck. The institution of Dr. Habib has received research support from Cour Pharmaceuticals.\nJames F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN: Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx . Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN (Horizon Therapeutics). Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biohaven Ltd. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck EMD Serono. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for H. Lundbeck A/S. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Seismic Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Academic CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PeerView CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Platform Q CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MJH LifeSci. Dr. Howard has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Pfizer dividends. An immediate family member of Dr. Howard has or had stock in GlaxoSmithKline dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Bristol Myer Squbb dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in AbbieVie Inc. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from argenx . The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from UCB Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Centers for Disease Control/Research Triangle Institute. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Cartestian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Merck EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisiory Board member, Committee member with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Committee member with American Assoc Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nMichael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN: Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arrowhead. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UniQure. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eli Lilly. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CorEvitas. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Canopy. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alaunos. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Prilenia. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alector. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Woolsey. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Benatar has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nEmma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN: Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx, Alexion, Sarepta, UCB, Hoffman-LaRoche, Biogen. Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis, AnnJi Pharmaceutical, ML-BIO, Avidity. The institution of Dr. Ciafaloni has received research support from CDC, CureSMA, FDA, Orphazyme, Sarepta, PCORI, Neurogene. Dr. Ciafaloni has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMaria I. Leite, MD: The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon / Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela/Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Myaware. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from UCB - Ra Pharma. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Muscular Dystrophy UK.\nKimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD: Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela Bio. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubisi Tanabe pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion phama. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Japan Blood Products Organization. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB.\nJohn Vissing, MD: Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Denali Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avidity Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Italfarmaco. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson (Janssen). Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Edgewise Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Rigshospitalet. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Avidity. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Roche. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from AnnJi.\nSarah Bray, PhD: Dr. Bray has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen Ltd. Dr. Bray has stock in Amgen Ltd.\nMichaela Schlader-Ratzinger, MD: Dr. Schlader-Ratzinger has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen GmbH. Dr. Schlader-Ratzinger has stock in Amgen Inc..\nCatherine Najem, PhD: Dr. Najem has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Janssen R&D US.\nSue Cheng: Sue Cheng has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen.\nRichard J. Nowak, MD: Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cabaletta Bio . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cour Pharma. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janseen . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Alexion . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Janseen. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Immunovant . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Nowak has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Board of Directors with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The efficacy of inebilizumab appears independent of time since diagnosis, although the small size of subgroups limits firm conclusions.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65128",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65128",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 323
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65129",
      "source_id": "65129",
      "abstract_number": "1-054",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-054",
      "title": "The Uptake, Intracellular Trafficking and Recycling of FcRn-blocking Therapeutics in Human Endothelial Cells in Vitro",
      "authors": "Thomas Wallace, PhD; Julija Sirina; Lena D'Hooghe, PhD; Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns; Suzanne Cole, PhD; Rocio Lledo; Mar Ribera Armengol, PhD; Anthony Shock; Nicholas Holliday, PhD; Leigh Stoddart, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Thomas Wallace, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Thomas Wallace, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas Wallace",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UCB",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wallace has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. Dr. Wallace has or had stock in UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Julija Sirina",
          "normalized_name": "Julija Sirina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Sirina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lena D'Hooghe, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lena D'Hooghe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. D'Hooghe has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. An immediate family member of Dr. D'Hooghe has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. An immediate family member of Dr. D'Hooghe has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Relation Therapeutics. Dr. D'Hooghe has or had stock in UCB. An immediate family member of Dr. D'Hooghe has or had stock in UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns",
          "normalized_name": "Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Suzanne Cole, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Suzanne Cole",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cole has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rocio Lledo",
          "normalized_name": "Rocio Lledo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lledo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. Dr. Lledo has or had stock in UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mar Ribera Armengol, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Mar Ribera Armengol",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ribera Armengol has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anthony Shock",
          "normalized_name": "Anthony Shock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Anthony Shock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Pharma."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicholas Holliday, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Nicholas Holliday",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Holliday has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Excellerate Bioscience. Dr. Holliday has or had stock in Excellerate Bioscience."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leigh Stoddart, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Leigh Stoddart",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stoddart has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Thomas Wallace",
        "Julija Sirina",
        "Lena D'Hooghe",
        "Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns",
        "Suzanne Cole",
        "Rocio Lledo",
        "Mar Ribera Armengol",
        "Anthony Shock",
        "Nicholas Holliday",
        "Leigh Stoddart"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UCB"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UCB"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Thomas Wallace, PhD; Julija Sirina; Lena D'Hooghe, PhD; Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns; Suzanne Cole, PhD; Rocio Lledo; Mar Ribera Armengol, PhD; Anthony Shock; Nicholas Holliday, PhD; Leigh Stoddart, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "UCB",
        "Objective": "To explore the uptake, intracellular trafficking and recycling of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-blocking therapeutics in human endothelial cells in vitro.",
        "Background": "FcRn recycles immunoglobulin G (IgG) in cells and is responsible for the long half-life of IgG relative to other plasma proteins but also recycles pathogenic IgG autoantibodies. Several anti-FcRn therapeutic agents have been approved for use in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), including rozanolixizumab, a high-affinity monoclonal antibody (mAb) that directly blocks the IgG binding site on FcRn.",
        "Design/Methods": "Using high-content imaging methods in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the cellular uptake, endosomal trafficking and recycling of fluorescently-labelled rozanolixizumab and MST-HN IgG Fc (an analog of efgartigimod) were compared.",
        "Results": "A time- and concentration-dependent uptake of rozanolixizumab into intracellular compartments was observed: uptake was rapid, not pH-dependent and competed out with unlabeled inhibitor, supporting a receptor-mediated mechanism. Conversely, uptake of MST-HN IgG Fc was slower and required higher concentrations to detect uptake which was pH-dependent, not competed out with unlabeled inhibitor, and occurred with similar potency in cells that did not express FcRn, suggesting a receptor-independent mechanism such as passive fluid phase pinocytosis. Using Rab proteins associated with different endosomal compartments, we showed that the two FcRn inhibitors appeared to traffic through recycling compartments in a similar manner and their return to the cell surface occurred with similar kinetics. PKPD model simulations demonstrated that efgartigimod requires 3.8-fold more moles compared to rozanolixizumab to keep the FcRn receptor occupied and achieve clinically relevant IgG decreases.",
        "Conclusions": "These data demonstrate the impact of different structural features of FcRn inhibitors on functional outcomes on cells in vitro. These characteristics may in part drive the observed pharmacodynamic differences in gMG patients, that result in different requirements in terms of dosing.",
        "Disclosures": "Thomas Wallace, PhD: Dr. Wallace has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. Dr. Wallace has or had stock in UCB.\nJulija Sirina: Miss Sirina has nothing to disclose.\nLena D'Hooghe, PhD: Dr. D'Hooghe has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. An immediate family member of Dr. D'Hooghe has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. An immediate family member of Dr. D'Hooghe has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Relation Therapeutics. Dr. D'Hooghe has or had stock in UCB. An immediate family member of Dr. D'Hooghe has or had stock in UCB.\nLaura A. Singhvi-Hanns: Laura A. Singhvi-Hanns has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB.\nSuzanne Cole, PhD: Dr. Cole has nothing to disclose.\nRocio Lledo: Dr. Lledo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB. Dr. Lledo has or had stock in UCB.\nMar Ribera Armengol, PhD: Dr. Ribera Armengol has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB.\nAnthony Shock: Anthony Shock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Pharma.\nNicholas Holliday, PhD: Dr. Holliday has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Excellerate Bioscience. Dr. Holliday has or had stock in Excellerate Bioscience.\nLeigh Stoddart, PhD: Dr. Stoddart has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "These data demonstrate the impact of different structural features of FcRn inhibitors on functional outcomes on cells in vitro. These characteristics may in part drive the observed pharmacodynamic differences in gMG patients, that result in different requirements in terms of dosing.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65129",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65129",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 286
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65130",
      "source_id": "65130",
      "abstract_number": "1-055",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-055",
      "title": "Phase 3 Myasthenia Gravis Inebilizumab Trial (MINT): Minimal Symptom Expression Achievement with Inebilizumab",
      "authors": "Blanca Canales, PharmD; Richard J. Nowak, MD; Michael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN; Emma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN; Maria I. Leite, MD; Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD; John Vissing, MD; Sarah Bray, PhD; Kristina R. Patterson, MD, PhD; Catherine Najem, PhD; Sue Cheng; James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Canales has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen. Dr. Canales has or had stock in Amgen ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Richard J. Nowak, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Richard J. Nowak",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Yale University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cabaletta Bio . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cour Pharma. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janseen . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Alexion . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Janseen. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Immunovant . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Nowak has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Board of Directors with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael G. Benatar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Miami",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arrowhead. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UniQure. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eli Lilly. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CorEvitas. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Canopy. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alaunos. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Prilenia. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alector. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Woolsey. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Benatar has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Emma Ciafaloni",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Rochester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx, Alexion, Sarepta, UCB, Hoffman-LaRoche, Biogen. Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis, AnnJi Pharmaceutical, ML-BIO, Avidity. The institution of Dr. Ciafaloni has received research support from CDC, CureSMA, FDA, Orphazyme, Sarepta, PCORI, Neurogene. Dr. Ciafaloni has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria I. Leite, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria I. Leite",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon / Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela/Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Myaware. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from UCB - Ra Pharma. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Muscular Dystrophy UK."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hanamaki General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela Bio. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubisi Tanabe pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion phama. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Japan Blood Products Organization. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Vissing, MD",
          "normalized_name": "John Vissing",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rigshospitalet",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Denali Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avidity Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Italfarmaco. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson (Janssen). Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Edgewise Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Rigshospitalet. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Avidity. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Roche. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from AnnJi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah Bray, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah Bray",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bray has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen Ltd. Dr. Bray has stock in Amgen Ltd."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristina R. Patterson, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Kristina R. Patterson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Horizon Therapeutics",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patterson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen. Dr. Patterson has or had stock in Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catherine Najem, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Catherine Najem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Najem has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Janssen R&D US."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sue Cheng",
          "normalized_name": "Sue Cheng",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Amgen Inc",
          "disclosure": "Sue Cheng has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "James F. Howard, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx . Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN (Horizon Therapeutics). Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biohaven Ltd. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck EMD Serono. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for H. Lundbeck A/S. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Seismic Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Academic CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PeerView CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Platform Q CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MJH LifeSci. Dr. Howard has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Pfizer dividends. An immediate family member of Dr. Howard has or had stock in GlaxoSmithKline dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Bristol Myer Squbb dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in AbbieVie Inc. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from argenx . The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from UCB Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Centers for Disease Control/Research Triangle Institute. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Cartestian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Merck EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisiory Board member, Committee member with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Committee member with American Assoc Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Blanca Canales, PharmD",
        "Richard J. Nowak",
        "Michael G. Benatar",
        "Emma Ciafaloni",
        "Maria I. Leite",
        "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
        "John Vissing",
        "Sarah Bray",
        "Kristina R. Patterson",
        "Catherine Najem",
        "Sue Cheng",
        "James F. Howard, Jr"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Yale University School of Medicine",
        "University of Miami",
        "University of Rochester Medical Center",
        "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
        "Hanamaki General Hospital",
        "Rigshospitalet",
        "Horizon Therapeutics",
        "Amgen Inc",
        "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Yale University School of Medicine",
        "University of Miami",
        "University of Rochester Medical Center",
        "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
        "Hanamaki General Hospital",
        "Rigshospitalet",
        "Horizon Therapeutics",
        "Amgen Inc",
        "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Blanca Canales, PharmD; Richard J. Nowak, MD; Michael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN; Emma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN; Maria I. Leite, MD; Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD; John Vissing, MD; Sarah Bray, PhD; Kristina R. Patterson, MD, PhD; Catherine Najem, PhD; Sue Cheng; James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Yale University School of Medicine\nUniversity of Miami\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center\nNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford\nHanamaki General Hospital\nRigshospitalet\nHorizon Therapeutics\nAmgen Inc\nThe University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
        "Objective": "To determine the proportion of MINT participants who achieved minimal symptom expression (MSE) with inebilizumab.",
        "Background": "Inebilizumab’s efficacy in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) was demonstrated in MINT, which met its primary endpoint (change from baseline in Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living [MG-ADL] score).",
        "Design/Methods": "MINT (NCT04524273) enrolled participants with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR + ; n=190) or anti-muscle-specific kinase antibody-positive (MuSK + ; n=48) gMG who underwent a protocol-specified steroid taper and were randomized 1:1 to inebilizumab or placebo for 26 (MuSK + ) or 52 (AChR + ) weeks (Ws) (randomized controlled phase). The proportion of participants who achieved MSE (MG-ADL score 0 or 1) without rescue therapy (RT) and those who achieved ≥3-point improvements in MG-ADL or Quantitative MG (QMG) scores were examined.",
        "Results": "A greater proportion of participants receiving inebilizumab vs placebo achieved MSE without RT at W26 (combined, 29% vs 20%; AChR + , 27% vs 20%; MuSK + , 38% vs 17%) and W52 (AChR + , 46% vs 25%). Higher proportion of participants achieved ≥3-point improvements in MG-ADL scores without RT in the inebilizumab vs placebo group at W26 (combined, 69% vs 48%; AChR + , 68% vs 49%; MuSK + , 71% vs 46%) and W52 (AChR + , 72% vs 45%). Higher proportion of inebilizumab-treated participants achieved ≥3-point improvements in QMG scores without RT vs placebo at W26 (combined, 60% vs 41%; AChR + , 61% vs 40%; MuSK + , 57% vs 46%) and W52 (AChR + , 69% vs 42%). Data from the open-label phase will also be reported.",
        "Conclusions": "Inebilizumab is associated with notable improvements in disease severity and function in patients with gMG.",
        "Disclosures": "Blanca Canales, PharmD: Dr. Canales has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen. Dr. Canales has or had stock in Amgen .\nRichard J. Nowak, MD: Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cabaletta Bio . Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cour Pharma. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Nowak has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janseen . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Alexion . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Janseen. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Immunovant . The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Nowak has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Nowak has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Board of Directors with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nMichael G. Benatar, MBChB, DPhil, FAAN: Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arrowhead. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UniQure. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eli Lilly. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CorEvitas. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Canopy. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alaunos. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Prilenia. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alector. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Woolsey. Dr. Benatar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Benatar has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nEmma Ciafaloni, MD, FAAN: Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx, Alexion, Sarepta, UCB, Hoffman-LaRoche, Biogen. Dr. Ciafaloni has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis, AnnJi Pharmaceutical, ML-BIO, Avidity. The institution of Dr. Ciafaloni has received research support from CDC, CureSMA, FDA, Orphazyme, Sarepta, PCORI, Neurogene. Dr. Ciafaloni has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMaria I. Leite, MD: The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon / Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela/Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Myaware. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from UCB - Ra Pharma. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Muscular Dystrophy UK.\nKimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD: Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela Bio. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubisi Tanabe pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion phama. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Japan Blood Products Organization. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB.\nJohn Vissing, MD: Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Denali Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avidity Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Italfarmaco. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson (Janssen). Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Edgewise Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Rigshospitalet. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Avidity. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Roche. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from AnnJi.\nSarah Bray, PhD: Dr. Bray has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen Ltd. Dr. Bray has stock in Amgen Ltd.\nKristina R. Patterson, MD, PhD: Dr. Patterson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen. Dr. Patterson has or had stock in Amgen.\nCatherine Najem, PhD: Dr. Najem has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Janssen R&D US.\nSue Cheng: Sue Cheng has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Amgen.\nJames F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN: Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx . Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN (Horizon Therapeutics). Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biohaven Ltd. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck EMD Serono. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for H. Lundbeck A/S. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Seismic Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Academic CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PeerView CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Platform Q CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MJH LifeSci. Dr. Howard has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Pfizer dividends. An immediate family member of Dr. Howard has or had stock in GlaxoSmithKline dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Bristol Myer Squbb dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in AbbieVie Inc. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from argenx . The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from UCB Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Centers for Disease Control/Research Triangle Institute. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Cartestian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Merck EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisiory Board member, Committee member with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Committee member with American Assoc Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Inebilizumab is associated with notable improvements in disease severity and function in patients with gMG.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65130",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65130",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 250
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65131",
      "source_id": "65131",
      "abstract_number": "1-056",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-056",
      "title": "Designing AChR-mimicking Nanobody Decoys to Neutralize Pathogenic IgG1 Autoantibodies in Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Dev Gavande, High School Student; Divya Ramamoorthy, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Dev Gavande, High School Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Dev Gavande, High School Student",
          "normalized_name": "Dev Gavande, High School Student",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Gavande has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divya Ramamoorthy, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Divya Ramamoorthy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ramamoorthy has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Dev Gavande, High School Student",
        "Divya Ramamoorthy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Dev Gavande, High School Student; Divya Ramamoorthy, PhD",
        "Objective": "To design nanobody-based decoys that mimic the α1-subunit of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), preferentially binding to Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) autoantibodies, preventing antibody blocking and antigenic modulation in AChR-positive Myasthenia Gravis (MG).",
        "Background": "Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder primarily caused by IgG1 and IgG3 autoantibodies that target the AChR at the neuromuscular antigenic modulation, and complement activation. The α1-subunit of AChR, particularly its Main Immunogenic Region (MIR), is the primary site recognized by IgG1.",
        "Design/Methods": "In-silico modeling was conducted using Schrödinger Suite (BioLuminate, Maestro). Protein-protein interactions between AChR and IgG1 (PDB: 5HBT), were analyzed to identify key residue interactions. Residue scanning was performed to predict beneficial mutations enhancing stability and Prime-MMGBSA calculations were used to evaluate the binding free energies of the engineered decoys.",
        "Results": "Protein interaction analysis identified key antibody-binding regions at residues 30-39 and 8-10 of the AChR receptor. This guided residue scanning and engineering of α1-subunit fragments into minimized Pepenzymes. A redesigned decoy was created through targeted truncation and incorporation of nonnatural amino acids to improve stability and binding. Residues 62 and 63 were deleted, residue 65 was replaced with AIB, residue 70 mutated to proline, residue 71 to arginine, and residue 75 to AIB. Nonnatural residues such as AIB were substituted for similar non-polar residues like leucine or glycine. Prime-MMGBSA calculations showed the engineered Pepenzyme achieving a binding free energy of −67.38 kcal/mol compared to −29.36 kcal/mol for wild-type AChR, indicating stronger antibody interactions. Structural visualization confirmed the designed decoys preserved critical epitope structural elements.",
        "Conclusions": "This study demonstrates that computationally designed nanobody decoys can mimic the AChR α1-subunit and preferentially bind to pathogenic IgG1 autoantibodies, as the decoy had 2.25x the binding free energy compared to the wild type. By diverting antibody activity away from native receptors, this approach offers a targeted, non-immunosuppressive therapeutic strategy for Myasthenia Gravis.",
        "Disclosures": "Dev Gavande, High School Student: Mr. Gavande has nothing to disclose.\nDivya Ramamoorthy, PhD: Dr. Ramamoorthy has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This study demonstrates that computationally designed nanobody decoys can mimic the AChR α1-subunit and preferentially bind to pathogenic IgG1 autoantibodies, as the decoy had 2.25x the binding free energy compared to the wild type. By diverting antibody activity away from native receptors, this approach offers a targeted, non-immunosuppressive therapeutic strategy for Myasthenia Gravis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65131",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65131",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65132",
      "source_id": "65132",
      "abstract_number": "1-057",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-057",
      "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Targeted Therapies for Myasthenia Gravis: A Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials",
      "authors": "Abdallah Abunamoos; Bara M. Hammadeh; Fares Qtaishat, MD; Mohammad S. Mustafa, MD; Fawzi Alnajjar; Mohammad M. Alghaniem, MD; Yumna Aljazi, MD; Abdelkader Rababah, MD; Dana J. Suboh, MD; Naser Alkasasbeh, MD; raseel i. massad, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Abdallah Abunamoos",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Abdallah Abunamoos",
          "normalized_name": "Abdallah Abunamoos",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abunamoos has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bara M. Hammadeh",
          "normalized_name": "Bara M. Hammadeh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hammadeh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fares Qtaishat, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Fares Qtaishat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Qtaishat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mohammad S. Mustafa, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammad S. Mustafa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Mustafa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fawzi Alnajjar",
          "normalized_name": "Fawzi Alnajjar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Mohammad M. Alghaniem, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammad M. Alghaniem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alghaniem has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yumna Aljazi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yumna Aljazi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aljazi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abdelkader Rababah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abdelkader Rababah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rababah has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dana J. Suboh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dana J. Suboh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Suboh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naser Alkasasbeh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naser Alkasasbeh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alkasasbeh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "raseel i. massad, MD",
          "normalized_name": "raseel i. massad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. massad has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Abdallah Abunamoos",
        "Bara M. Hammadeh",
        "Fares Qtaishat",
        "Mohammad S. Mustafa",
        "Fawzi Alnajjar",
        "Mohammad M. Alghaniem",
        "Yumna Aljazi",
        "Abdelkader Rababah",
        "Dana J. Suboh",
        "Naser Alkasasbeh",
        "raseel i. massad"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Abdallah Abunamoos; Bara M. Hammadeh; Fares Qtaishat, MD; Mohammad S. Mustafa, MD; Fawzi Alnajjar; Mohammad M. Alghaniem, MD; Yumna Aljazi, MD; Abdelkader Rababah, MD; Dana J. Suboh, MD; Naser Alkasasbeh, MD; raseel i. massad, MD",
        "Objective": "To compare the efficacy and safety of targeted biologic and immunomodulatory therapies in adult patients with gMG through a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA).",
        "Background": "Generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. Despite conventional therapies, 10-20% of patients remain refractory or intolerant, prompting interest in biologics targeting key immunologic pathways.",
        "Design/Methods": "A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Embase up to February 9, 2025, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing biologic therapies in gMG. A Bayesian hierarchical model using SUCRA was implemented for treatment ranking. Outcomes included MG-ADL, QMG, MGC, MG-QoL15r, IgG reduction, and adverse events (AEs).",
        "Results": "Nineteen RCTs with 1,807 participants were included. Rozanolixizumab ranked highest for MG-ADL (SUCRA 92.1%), QMG (75.1%), and MGC (85.4%) improvement but had a less favorable safety profile. Eculizumab ranked highest for MG-QoL15r improvement (91.8%) and demonstrated the best AE/SAE profile. Zilucoplan performed well across QMG (74.5%) and MG-QoL15r (64.9%). Batoclimab showed credible QMG improvement over placebo (MD: +4.912; 95% CrI: 0.250-8.858). Peripheral edema was the only AE significantly more common with active treatment (OR: 10.33; 95% CI: 3.75-28.47). No intervention demonstrated statistically significant superiority in IgG reduction. Eculizumab, iscalimab, and belimumab showed the most favorable safety profiles.",
        "Conclusions": "Rozanolixizumab and zilucoplan are promising for rapid symptom relief, while eculizumab offers durable benefit with high tolerability. Iscalimab and belimumab provide safer alternatives for select populations. These findings support a stratified, patient-tailored approach to biologic therapy in gMG.",
        "Disclosures": "Abdallah Abunamoos: Dr. Abunamoos has nothing to disclose.\nBara M. Hammadeh: Mr. Hammadeh has nothing to disclose.\nFares Qtaishat, MD: Dr. Qtaishat has nothing to disclose.\nMohammad S. Mustafa, MD: Mr. Mustafa has nothing to disclose.\nFawzi Alnajjar: No disclosure on file\nMohammad M. Alghaniem, MD: Dr. Alghaniem has nothing to disclose.\nYumna Aljazi, MD: Dr. Aljazi has nothing to disclose.\nAbdelkader Rababah, MD: Dr. Rababah has nothing to disclose.\nDana J. Suboh, MD: Ms. Suboh has nothing to disclose.\nNaser Alkasasbeh, MD: Dr. Alkasasbeh has nothing to disclose.\nraseel i. massad, MD: Dr. massad has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Rozanolixizumab and zilucoplan are promising for rapid symptom relief, while eculizumab offers durable benefit with high tolerability. Iscalimab and belimumab provide safer alternatives for select populations. These findings support a stratified, patient-tailored approach to biologic therapy in gMG.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65132",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65132",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 248
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65133",
      "source_id": "65133",
      "abstract_number": "1-058",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-058",
      "title": "Upstream Versus Downstream Complement Blockade: Potential Mechanistic Advantages of aC1s Targeting in Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Shahar Shelly, MD; Marianna Lalla, MD, PhD; Yang Zhao, PhD; Linda Rehaume, PhD; Jennifer Cross, PhD; Tuan H. Vu, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Shahar Shelly, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Shahar Shelly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shahar Shelly",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Rambam Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shelly has or had stock in Remepy."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marianna Lalla, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Marianna Lalla",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lalla has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yang Zhao, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Yang Zhao",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Viridian Therapeutics. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roivant. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for MindImmune Therapeutics. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Slater Tech Fund."
        },
        {
          "name": "Linda Rehaume, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Linda Rehaume",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rehaume has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics, Inc. Dr. Rehaume has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. Dr. Rehaume has stock in Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jennifer Cross, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer Cross",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cross has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Cross has stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tuan H. Vu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tuan H. Vu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of South Florida",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Shahar Shelly",
        "Marianna Lalla",
        "Yang Zhao",
        "Linda Rehaume",
        "Jennifer Cross",
        "Tuan H. Vu"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Rambam Medical Center",
        "University of South Florida"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Rambam Medical Center",
        "University of South Florida"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Shahar Shelly, MD; Marianna Lalla, MD, PhD; Yang Zhao, PhD; Linda Rehaume, PhD; Jennifer Cross, PhD; Tuan H. Vu, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Rambam Medical Center\nUniversity of South Florida",
        "Objective": "To determine whether active C1s (aC1s) inhibition by claseprubart (DNTH103) suppresses generation of C3a, C3b and MAC in comparison with C5 inhibitor ravulizumab.",
        "Background": "In generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), pathogenic antibodies activate the classical complement pathway, culminating in membrane attack complex (MAC)-mediated injury at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Levels of complement components (C3) have been associated with disease severity in animal models. C5 inhibitors block MAC formation and improve clinical outcomes, without reducing the upstream inflammatory fragments (C3a, C3b), which potentially drive NMJ injury and amplify immune responses in addition to MAC formation.",
        "Design/Methods": "MAC formation was quantified using the Wieslab® Complement Classical Pathway assay in 1% normal human serum (NHS). C3a in supernatants was measured by ELISA and C3b deposition on sensitized human red blood cells in 5% NHS was assessed by flow cytometry. For each assay, we tested dilution series of claseprubart, ravulizumab, and an isotype control.",
        "Results": "In head-to-head assays, claseprubart and ravulizumab produced comparable inhibition of MAC formation, confirming similar downstream blockade. Only upstream aC1s inhibition with claseprubart resulted in near-complete reduction of C3a and C3b levels, while ravulizumab did not. Findings were reproduced across three independent experiments, supporting a mechanistic upstream (aC1s)-downstream (C5) inhibition distinction.",
        "Conclusions": "Upstream aC1s inhibition with claseprubart prevented MAC formation and reduced C3a and C3b levels, demonstrating broader inflammatory control beyond C5 blockade. Thus upstream inhibition may provide both pathological and immunological advantages.",
        "Disclosures": "Shahar Shelly, MD: Dr. Shelly has or had stock in Remepy.\nMarianna Lalla, MD, PhD: Dr. Lalla has nothing to disclose.\nYang Zhao, PhD: Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Viridian Therapeutics. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roivant. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for MindImmune Therapeutics. Dr. ZHAO has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Slater Tech Fund.\nLinda Rehaume, PhD: Dr. Rehaume has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics, Inc. Dr. Rehaume has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. Dr. Rehaume has stock in Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc.\nJennifer Cross, PhD: Dr. Cross has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Cross has stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nTuan H. Vu, MD: Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Upstream aC1s inhibition with claseprubart prevented MAC formation and reduced C3a and C3b levels, demonstrating broader inflammatory control beyond C5 blockade. Thus upstream inhibition may provide both pathological and immunological advantages.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65133",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65133",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 230
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65134",
      "source_id": "65134",
      "abstract_number": "1-059",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-059",
      "title": "Comparing Longitudinal Treatment-related Adverse Risks of Infection in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Svetlana Faktorovich, MD, FAAN; Phuong Phan, PharmD; Shirali Pandya, PhD; Casey Church; Dongxiao Zhang, PhD; Michael Blackowicz, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Svetlana Faktorovich, MD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Svetlana Faktorovich, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Svetlana Faktorovich",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Marcus Neuroscience Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Faktorovich has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Board of Trustees with Brother's Brother Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Phuong Phan, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Phuong Phan, PharmD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Phan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of AstraZeneca. Ms. Phan has or had stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shirali Pandya, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shirali Pandya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Pandya has stock in Sanofi. Dr. Pandya has stock in Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Casey Church",
          "normalized_name": "Casey Church",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Church has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dongxiao Zhang, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Dongxiao Zhang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zhang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veeva Systems."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Blackowicz, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Blackowicz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackowicz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Blackowicz has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Svetlana Faktorovich",
        "Phuong Phan, PharmD",
        "Shirali Pandya",
        "Casey Church",
        "Dongxiao Zhang",
        "Michael Blackowicz"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Marcus Neuroscience Institute",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Alexion"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Marcus Neuroscience Institute",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Alexion"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Svetlana Faktorovich, MD, FAAN; Phuong Phan, PharmD; Shirali Pandya, PhD; Casey Church; Dongxiao Zhang, PhD; Michael Blackowicz, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Marcus Neuroscience Institute\nAlexion Pharmaceuticals\nAlexion",
        "Objective": "Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate and compare the real-world infection rates associated with gMG treatments.",
        "Background": "Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness. Approved biologic options for generalized MG include complement inhibitors (e.g., ravulizumab ) and FcRn antagonists (e.g., efgartigimod, rozanolixizumab), while B-cell-targeted agents (e.g., rituximab) are used off-label. While safety of these approved agents has been characterized in clinical trials, additional real-world evidence is needed to evaluate longer-term infection risks.",
        "Design/Methods": "This study was a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of patients with MG using the Veeva Compass claims database from January 2017 to August 2025. Patients with MG initiating ravulizumab, efgartigimod, rozanolixizumab, or rituximab were identified, with index date as first treatment initiation. Infections were identified by diagnosis code, excluding duplicates using date of service, pathogen, and affected organ system. Baseline characteristics and crude infection rates were summarized by treatment. Negative-binomial generalized estimating equations was used to compare annual infection rates across cohort, with adjustment for known and suspected confounders , including concomitant corticosteroids, non-steroidal immunosuppressive therapies, and Charlson Comorbidity Index.",
        "Results": "Of 1,515 patients, 689 (46.1%) initiated rituximab, 555 (36.6%) efgartigimod, 218 (14.4%) ravulizumab, and 53 (3.5%) rozanolixizumab. After confounder adjustment, both efgartigimod and rituximab showed statistically significantly higher infection rates versus ravulizumab - efgartigimod by 47% (IRR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.17-1.84, p<0.001) and rituximab by 46% (IRR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.23-1.72, p<0.001). Rozanolixizumab suggested a similar trend but was underpowered to detect differences due to small sample size (IRR=1.34, 95% CI: 0.85-2.11, p=0.208).",
        "Conclusions": "This study observed lower infection rates in patients receiving ravulizumab compared to those receiving other biologic therapies for gMG. Understanding real-world, long-term infection risk profiles for these drugs could help inform treatment decisions for MG, particularly for patients at higher risk of infection or infection-related complications.",
        "Disclosures": "Svetlana Faktorovich, MD, FAAN: Dr. Faktorovich has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Board of Trustees with Brother's Brother Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nPhuong Phan, PharmD: Ms. Phan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of AstraZeneca. Ms. Phan has or had stock in AstraZeneca.\nShirali Pandya, PhD: Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Pandya has stock in Sanofi. Dr. Pandya has stock in Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease.\nCasey Church: Miss Church has nothing to disclose.\nDongxiao Zhang, PhD: Dr. Zhang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veeva Systems.\nMichael Blackowicz, PhD: Dr. Blackowicz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Blackowicz has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This study observed lower infection rates in patients receiving ravulizumab compared to those receiving other biologic therapies for gMG. Understanding real-world, long-term infection risk profiles for these drugs could help inform treatment decisions for MG, particularly for patients at higher risk of infection or infection-related complications.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65134",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65134",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 319
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65135",
      "source_id": "65135",
      "abstract_number": "1-060",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-060",
      "title": "Efficacy and Safety of FcRn Inhibitors in Adults with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis",
      "authors": "Maurya D. Patel, MBBS; NagaVenkata Priya Sri Harshitha Somarouthu; Farheen Kooliyattayil, MBBS; Caleb Karani, MBBS; Berra Nuran Baloglu, Medical Student; Mehwish Shoaib; Vindhya S. Chavali, MD, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Maurya D. Patel, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maurya D. Patel, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Maurya D. Patel",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "NagaVenkata Priya Sri Harshitha Somarouthu",
          "normalized_name": "NagaVenkata Priya Sri Harshitha Somarouthu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Somarouthu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Farheen Kooliyattayil, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Farheen Kooliyattayil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kooliyattayil has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Caleb Karani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Caleb Karani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Karani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Berra Nuran Baloglu, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Berra Nuran Baloglu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Baloglu has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Medical Transcriptionist (Project-based) with MediTechLabs Türkiye."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mehwish Shoaib",
          "normalized_name": "Mehwish Shoaib",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Motilal Nehru Medical College",
          "disclosure": "Miss Shoaib has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vindhya S. Chavali, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Vindhya S. Chavali",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Chavali has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maurya D. Patel",
        "NagaVenkata Priya Sri Harshitha Somarouthu",
        "Farheen Kooliyattayil",
        "Caleb Karani",
        "Berra Nuran Baloglu",
        "Mehwish Shoaib",
        "Vindhya S. Chavali"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Motilal Nehru Medical College"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Motilal Nehru Medical College"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maurya D. Patel, MBBS; NagaVenkata Priya Sri Harshitha Somarouthu; Farheen Kooliyattayil, MBBS; Caleb Karani, MBBS; Berra Nuran Baloglu, Medical Student; Mehwish Shoaib; Vindhya S. Chavali, MD, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Motilal Nehru Medical College",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of FcRn inhibitors compared with placebo or standard therapy in adults with generalized myasthenia gravis.",
        "Background": "Generalized myasthenia gravis is an antibody-mediated autoimmune disorder characterized by fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness. Current therapies may be limited by inadequate response or adverse effects. FcRn inhibitors are novel agents that reduce pathogenic IgG by blocking neonatal Fc receptor-mediated recycling.",
        "Design/Methods": "A systematic search of Embase, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted for studies published up to April 2026. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies involving adults with generalized myasthenia gravis treated with FcRn inhibitors versus placebo or standard therapy were included. Outcomes included changes in MG-ADL and QMG scores, as well as safety endpoints. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using R (version 4.5.3).",
        "Results": "Of 712 identified studies, five were included (4 RCTs, 1 observational; N=581). Pooled analysis showed no statistically significant difference in MG-ADL scores (MD -0.94, 95% CI -2.45 to 0.57; p=0.22; I²=91%) or QMG scores (MD -1.74, 95% CI -7.27 to 3.79; p=0.31; I²=90%). However, both outcomes demonstrated a consistent trend favoring FcRn inhibitors, with substantial heterogeneity. Safety outcomes suggested that FcRn inhibitors were well tolerated, with no significant safety concerns.",
        "Conclusions": "FcRn inhibitors were well tolerated and showed a trend toward clinical improvement, although results were not statistically significant and were limited by high heterogeneity and small sample size. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm their efficacy in generalized myasthenia gravis.",
        "Disclosures": "Maurya D. Patel, MBBS: Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose.\nNagaVenkata Priya Sri Harshitha Somarouthu: Miss Somarouthu has nothing to disclose.\nFarheen Kooliyattayil, MBBS: Dr. Kooliyattayil has nothing to disclose.\nCaleb Karani, MBBS: Mr. Karani has nothing to disclose.\nBerra Nuran Baloglu, Medical Student: Ms. Baloglu has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Medical Transcriptionist (Project-based) with MediTechLabs Türkiye.\nMehwish Shoaib: Miss Shoaib has nothing to disclose.\nVindhya S. Chavali, MD, MBBS: Ms. Chavali has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "FcRn inhibitors were well tolerated and showed a trend toward clinical improvement, although results were not statistically significant and were limited by high heterogeneity and small sample size. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm their efficacy in generalized myasthenia gravis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65135",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65135",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 261
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65136",
      "source_id": "65136",
      "abstract_number": "1-061",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-061",
      "title": "The Phase 4 OCTAGON Study Investigating Oral Corticosteroid Tapering in Adult Patients with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated with Ravulizumab: Trial in Progress",
      "authors": "Emma Weiskopf, MD; Benjamin Yungher, PhD; Rasha Aguzzi; Guido Sabatella",
      "presenting_author": "Emma Weiskopf, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Emma Weiskopf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Emma Weiskopf",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Weiskopf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Weiskopf has or had stock in Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Benjamin Yungher, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Benjamin Yungher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yungher has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rasha Aguzzi",
          "normalized_name": "Rasha Aguzzi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Rasha Aguzzi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceutical. Rasha Aguzzi has or had stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Guido Sabatella",
          "normalized_name": "Guido Sabatella",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Guido Sabatella has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Emma Weiskopf",
        "Benjamin Yungher",
        "Rasha Aguzzi",
        "Guido Sabatella"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Alexion"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Alexion"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Emma Weiskopf, MD; Benjamin Yungher, PhD; Rasha Aguzzi; Guido Sabatella",
        "Affiliations": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals\nAlexion",
        "Objective": "To describe OCTAGON, a phase 4, prospective, multicenter, single-arm study (NCT07221838) evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a rapid, predefined oral corticosteroid (OCS)-tapering schedule in adult patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) receiving ravulizumab.",
        "Background": "OCS are used to treat patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR-Ab+) gMG. However, high-dose therapy and long-term use-even at lower doses-are associated with substantial systemic adverse effects (AEs). Ravulizumab, a terminal complement component 5 inhibitor approved for AChR-Ab+ gMG, enables reduction and discontinuation of OCS, while maintaining symptom control. Treatment guidelines recommend steroid-sparing strategies, yet clinical practice trends employ prolonged OCS-tapering regimens with higher steroid exposure and risk of associated AEs compared with faster tapering.",
        "Design/Methods": "Planned enrollment: ~75 adults with gMG, receiving ravulizumab Q8W and a stable OCS regimen equivalent to a daily average of ≥7.5 mg/day for ≥4 weeks. A tapering schedule based on baseline OCS dose will be assessed. Patients with baseline OCS 7.5-10 mg/day will reduce by 2.5 mg/day Q4W to 2.5 mg/day, then by 1.25 mg/day Q4W until completion. Patients with baseline OCS >10 mg/day will reduce by 5 mg/day Q2W to 10 mg/day, then follow the schedule for those with baseline OCS 7.5-10 mg/day. Primary endpoint is the proportion of patients who discontinue OCS or reduce to ≤5 mg/day (if the reason for no further OCS reduction is suspected adrenal insufficiency) and maintain for ≥4 weeks without gMG clinical deterioration.",
        "Results": "OCTAGON is currently recruiting.",
        "Conclusions": "OCTAGON addresses a critical unmet need for an evidence-based rapid OCS tapering schedule in patients with gMG. Results will provide a framework for effective and safe OCS management in the targeted immunotherapy era, minimizing risks associated with prolonged corticosteroid exposure, while optimizing outcomes for patients with gMG receiving ravulizumab.",
        "Disclosures": "Emma Weiskopf, MD: Dr. Weiskopf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Weiskopf has or had stock in Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease.\nBenjamin Yungher, PhD: Dr. Yungher has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease.\nRasha Aguzzi: Rasha Aguzzi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceutical. Rasha Aguzzi has or had stock in AstraZeneca.\nGuido Sabatella: Guido Sabatella has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "OCTAGON addresses a critical unmet need for an evidence-based rapid OCS tapering schedule in patients with gMG. Results will provide a framework for effective and safe OCS management in the targeted immunotherapy era, minimizing risks associated with prolonged corticosteroid exposure, while optimizing outcomes for patients with gMG receiving ravulizumab.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65136",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65136",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65138",
      "source_id": "65138",
      "abstract_number": "1-063",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-063",
      "title": "Improving Sensitivity of Autoantibody Testing for Myasthenia Gravis Using Cell-based Assays",
      "authors": "Adrian Budhram, MD; Ola Z. Ismail, PhD; Kamala Sangam; Lulu Bursztyn; Ario Mirian, MD; Yiu-Chia Chang, MD; Michael W. Nicolle, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Adrian Budhram, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Adrian Budhram, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adrian Budhram",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "London Health Sciences Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ola Z. Ismail, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ola Z. Ismail",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ismail has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kamala Sangam",
          "normalized_name": "Kamala Sangam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Sangam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of House of Friendship. An immediate family member of Ms. Sangam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of House of Friendship."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lulu Bursztyn",
          "normalized_name": "Lulu Bursztyn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Lulu Bursztyn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ario Mirian, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ario Mirian",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Toronto",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mirian has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Mirian has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yiu-Chia Chang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yiu-Chia Chang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "London Health Science Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael W. Nicolle, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael W. Nicolle",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nicolle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenx, Amgen, UCB, Kye, J&J. Dr. Nicolle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Nicolle has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various legal firms."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Adrian Budhram",
        "Ola Z. Ismail",
        "Kamala Sangam",
        "Lulu Bursztyn",
        "Ario Mirian",
        "Yiu-Chia Chang",
        "Michael W. Nicolle"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "University of Toronto",
        "London Health Science Centre"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "University of Toronto",
        "London Health Science Centre"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Adrian Budhram, MD; Ola Z. Ismail, PhD; Kamala Sangam; Lulu Bursztyn; Ario Mirian, MD; Yiu-Chia Chang, MD; Michael W. Nicolle, MD",
        "Affiliations": "London Health Sciences Centre\nUniversity of Toronto\nLondon Health Science Centre",
        "Objective": "Evaluate strategies to improve sensitivity of autoantibody testing for myasthenia gravis (MG) using cell-based assays (CBAs) at our centre.",
        "Background": "Testing for acetylcholine receptor and muscle-specific kinase antibodies (anti-AChR and anti-MuSK) is a cornerstone of MG evaluation. Anti-AChR/MuSK fixed CBA has demonstrated higher overall sensitivity than radioimmunoassay (RIA), and is first-line testing in our laboratory. However, using multiple assays has been suggested to maximize sensitivity in persistently suspicious cases of MG, and in particular live CBA testing may detect autoantibodies that are missed by RIA or fixed CBA. Other strategies reported to improve sensitivity include repeat testing by the same methodology, and performing fixed CBA at a serum dilution of 1:5 (instead of 1:10 as per manufacturer’s instructions). We evaluated these strategies prior to potential incorporation into our diagnostic algorithm.",
        "Design/Methods": "Quality improvement/quality assurance (QI/QA) evaluation of patients at our centre who underwent anti-AChR/MuSK fixed CBA from January 2023-January 2026.",
        "Results": "During the 3-year evaluation period, 973 patients underwent anti-AChR/MuSK fixed CBA. Of these, 127 (13.1%) exhibited autoantibody positivity, 3 (0.3%) were indeterminable, and 843 (86.6%) were negative. Testing of 78 patients represented repeat testing after initially negative anti-AChR/MuSK fixed CBA; among these, repeat fixed CBA was positive in 4 (5%). Thirteen patients with negative anti-AChR/MuSK fixed CBA underwent send-out live CBA, of whom 4 (31%) were positive. Of all 131 anti-AChR/MuSK-positive patients identified, 123 (94%) had positivity on initial fixed CBA, 4 (3%) had positivity on repeat fixed CBA, and 4 (3%) had positivity on send-out live CBA. Among 8 samples with negativity by fixed CBA at 1:10 dilution from patients with subsequent autoantibody positivity, 4 (50%) exhibited positivity at 1:5 dilution.",
        "Conclusions": "Repeat fixed CBA at 1:10 dilution, send-out live CBA, and fixed CBA at 1:5 dilution are all strategies that may improve sensitivity of autoantibody testing for MG at our centre.",
        "Disclosures": "Adrian Budhram, MD: Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose.\nOla Z. Ismail, PhD: Dr. Ismail has nothing to disclose.\nKamala Sangam: Ms. Sangam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of House of Friendship. An immediate family member of Ms. Sangam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of House of Friendship.\nLulu Bursztyn: Lulu Bursztyn has nothing to disclose.\nArio Mirian, MD: Dr. Mirian has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Mirian has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson.\nYiu-Chia Chang, MD: Dr. Chang has nothing to disclose.\nMichael W. Nicolle, MD: Dr. Nicolle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenx, Amgen, UCB, Kye, J&J. Dr. Nicolle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Nicolle has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various legal firms."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Repeat fixed CBA at 1:10 dilution, send-out live CBA, and fixed CBA at 1:5 dilution are all strategies that may improve sensitivity of autoantibody testing for MG at our centre.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65138",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65138",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 318
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65139",
      "source_id": "65139",
      "abstract_number": "1-064",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-064",
      "title": "Outcomes and Experience from a Patient with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis on a Dual Therapy of an FcRn Inhibitor and C5 Inhibitor",
      "authors": "Vincent Tran, Medical Student; Ning S. Yang, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Vincent Tran, Medical Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Vincent Tran, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Vincent Tran",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Tran has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ning S. Yang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ning S. Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Front Range Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Vincent Tran",
        "Ning S. Yang"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Front Range Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Front Range Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Vincent Tran, Medical Student; Ning S. Yang, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Front Range Neurology",
        "Objective": "Introduction: C5 inhibitors and FcRn inhibitors are newer treatments for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). There is no current guidance or reports of their use in combination. FcRn inhibitors have potential to decrease efficacy of monoclonal antibody treatments. We present a case when the two therapies are used in combination.",
        "Background": "We present a 49-year-old woman with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody positive gMG who had failed multiple steroid-sparing immunosuppressants and still with inadequate benefit on mycophenolate mofetil and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). She began eculizumab in 2020 with added benefit, eventually switching to ravulizumab in May of 2022 due to wearing off effects. Efgartigimod was added to her regimen the next month as an alternative to IVIG. Prior to this switch, she consistently scored 1 or 2 on the myasthenia gravis - activities of daily living (MG-ADL) scale with chewing being the primary complaint and diplopia second, which continued through 2022. Since 2023 she has scored an MG-ADL of 0 and achieved minimal symptom expression (MSE). Between 2023 and 2024 she expressed a preference for subcutaneous modalities over infusion and began taking subcutaneous efgartigimod and switched to zilucoplan from ravulizumab. There was no significant change in her clinical outcomes with switch to a small cyclic peptide instead of a monoclonal antibody complement inhibitor and she has continued this regimen through 2025.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective single center study.",
        "Results": "A drop in MG-ADL 2021 from 2 to 0 in 2025 after starting with only C5 inhibitor therapy and eventually transitioning to C5 inhibitor and FcRn combination therapy without signs of adverse effects.",
        "Conclusions": "Conclusion: Clinically positive outcomes in MG-ADL and patient satisfaction were observed and sustained after initiating combined therapy of C5 inhibitors and FcRn inhibitor.",
        "Disclosures": "Vincent Tran, Medical Student: Mr. Tran has nothing to disclose.\nNing S. Yang, MD: Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Conclusion: Clinically positive outcomes in MG-ADL and patient satisfaction were observed and sustained after initiating combined therapy of C5 inhibitors and FcRn inhibitor.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65139",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65139",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 276
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65140",
      "source_id": "65140",
      "abstract_number": "1-065",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-065",
      "title": "Potential Impact of Complement Inhibitors on Rituximab Induced B cell Depletion in Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis (JMG)",
      "authors": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
      "presenting_author": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
          "normalized_name": "Tia Chakrapani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Chakrapani has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of The Sumaria Foundation ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Tia Chakrapani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
        "Objective": "To observe whether Zilucoplan, a daily subcutaneous complement C5 inhibitor, reduces the degree and duration of B-cell depletion achieved with Rituximab in a patient with Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis (JMG).",
        "Background": "Rituximab has been used to treat JMG for over a decade, often part of multi-drug regimens. Zilucoplan, a recently approved complement C5 inhibitor, is increasingly used in combination with other therapies. Because complement activation contributes to one pathway of Rituximab-mediated B-cell depletion, inhibition of this pathway by Zilucoplan may reduce Rituximab’s effectiveness.",
        "Design/Methods": "We described a case of a female teenager with JMG who began Rituximab in February 2024. B-cell counts were monitored starting June 2024. Infusion intervals were eventually extended to 9 months. Zilucoplan was started in September 2025 and allowed for complete steroid taper.",
        "Results": "Following Rituximab initiation in February 2024, CD19+ B cells remained at 0%, with a single measurement of 0.1% at nine months post-infusion. Zilucoplan was initiated in September 2025. After a Rituximab dose on October 13, 2025, CD 19+ levels rose to 3.4% by March 2026, representing the first clear B-cell repopulation since Rituximab treatment began. By April 2026, CD19+ levels reached 6.3%, within the normal range, occurring six months after the last rituximab dose. Before Zilucoplan was initiated, the patient was able to go 9+ months with strong B cell depletion post Rituximab infusion. When Zilucoplan was added, the patient began B cell repopulation at 5-6 months post Rituximab infusion.",
        "Conclusions": "Zilucoplan may reduce the effectiveness of Rituximab-mediated B cell depletion, potentially necessitating more frequent dosing. However, the combination did allow for complete discontinuation of steroids. Alternative B-cell therapies that do not rely on complement pathways, such as inebilizumab, may offer advantages when used with complement inhibitors. Further studies are needed to find the most effective combination strategies in JMG.",
        "Disclosures": "Tia Chakrapani, student: Miss Chakrapani has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of The Sumaria Foundation ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Zilucoplan may reduce the effectiveness of Rituximab-mediated B cell depletion, potentially necessitating more frequent dosing. However, the combination did allow for complete discontinuation of steroids. Alternative B-cell therapies that do not rely on complement pathways, such as inebilizumab, may offer advantages when used with complement inhibitors.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65140",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65140",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 297
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65141",
      "source_id": "65141",
      "abstract_number": "1-066",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-066",
      "title": "Sport Performance as a Diagnostic and Monitoring Tool in Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
      "presenting_author": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
          "normalized_name": "Tia Chakrapani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Chakrapani has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of The Sumaria Foundation ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Tia Chakrapani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Tia Chakrapani, student",
        "Objective": "Sports performance may offer diagnostic clues and could help in monitoring disease. Traditional MG metrics are subjective; however, swim race times are objective. Incorporating sports performance data into disease monitoring can optimize individualized management and promote better outcomes.",
        "Background": "Juvenile myasthenia gravis(JMG) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigability. Historically, strenuous exercise was discouraged due to concern about exacerbating symptoms. However, evolving treatment approaches now can allow pediatric patients to resume normal activities, including sports.",
        "Design/Methods": "Recorded race times of an elite teen swimmer before JMG, during progressive JMG prior to diagnosis, following effective treatment to symptom-free status, and then a subsequent flare.",
        "Results": "There was a progressive decline in race times(5-9% slower), beginning in March 2023, which was the earliest indication of dysfunction. As her disease progressed her times slowed more(7-13%). AChR+ JMG was diagnosed October 2023, when she presented with shortness of breath, swallowing difficulties, and the inability to pull herself out of the pool. She started monthly 2g/kg intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). A transcervical thymectomy was performed in November 2023 and Rituximab was added in February 2024. In June 2024, 10mg of prednisone was started, which by September resulted in symptom-free status and return to her pre-MG level of swim training. By February 2025, she was swimming personal bests and won all her events and the state level, and was nominated for Oregon Swimmer of the Year. Due to the desire to discontinue prednisone, Zilbrysq was started in July 2025, and she was able to taper completely off steroids. A flare in mid 2025 was first noticed by a slowing of race time to pre-treatment levels.",
        "Conclusions": "Athletic performance can be an important biomarker for disease activity in JMG. In addition, it promotes continued training and exercise. Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity may offer immunomodulatory benefits.",
        "Disclosures": "Tia Chakrapani, student: Miss Chakrapani has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of The Sumaria Foundation ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Athletic performance can be an important biomarker for disease activity in JMG. In addition, it promotes continued training and exercise. Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity may offer immunomodulatory benefits.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65141",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65141",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65143",
      "source_id": "65143",
      "abstract_number": "1-068",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-068",
      "title": "When Imaging Misleads: Bulbar Myasthenia Masquerading as a Brainstem Tumor",
      "authors": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie; Maria D. Alvarez Falcon; Kleber O. Mosquera, Sr., MD; Lina K. Zambrano, Md; Juan Carlos Moreira Holguín, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
          "normalized_name": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria D. Alvarez Falcon",
          "normalized_name": "Maria D. Alvarez Falcon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alvarez Falcon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kleber O. Mosquera, Sr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kleber O. Mosquera, Sr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mosquera has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lina K. Zambrano, Md",
          "normalized_name": "Lina K. Zambrano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zambrano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Juan Carlos Moreira Holguín, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Juan Carlos Moreira Holguín",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Moreira Holguín has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
        "Maria D. Alvarez Falcon",
        "Kleber O. Mosquera, Sr",
        "Lina K. Zambrano",
        "Juan Carlos Moreira Holguín"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie; Maria D. Alvarez Falcon; Kleber O. Mosquera, Sr., MD; Lina K. Zambrano, Md; Juan Carlos Moreira Holguín, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of bulbar-predominant myasthenia gravis (MG) that mimicked a structural brainstem lesion emphasizing clinical-radiological dissociation to prevent misdiagnosis.",
        "Background": "Miastenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction characterized by fluctuating weakness and muscle fatigability, with a classic ocular presentation. However, in some cases, bulbar involvement may predominate. The presence of incidental neuroimaging findings, such as brainstem lesions, can delay diagnosis and lead to misinterpretation. This scenario represents a diagnostic challenge, particularly in young patients with progressive symptoms.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A.",
        "Results": "A 23-year-old woman with autoimmune thyroiditis came in with a four-month history of worsening asymmetric ptosis, diplopia, dysphonia, and severe dysphagia. The examination showed diplegia facialis, palatal droop, an absent gag reflex, and lingual weakness (2/5) with fasciculations, as well as proximal limb fatigability and respiratory insufficiency (Single Breath Count (SBC): 3). A brain MRI showed a non-enhancing tectal cystic lesion that looked like a low-grade glioma at first. However, the absence of long-tract signs and the fact that symptoms changed over time pointed to a neuromuscular junction disorder. The presence of anti-AChR antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of generalised Myasthenia Gravis. Even though the patient was stable at first, a respiratory infection caused a crisis that needed ICU admission and intravenous immunoglobulin. After aggressive immunotherapy and corticosteroids, she achieved significant recovery (SBC >20). During follow-up, she experienced intermittent diplopia, demonstrating a favourable response to immunomodulatory treatment and a gradual decrease in corticosteroid dosage.",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores the significant risk of misdiagnosis in bulbar-predominant MG, which can resemble brainstem structural lesions, particularly when incidental neuroimaging findings are present. Clinical-radiological dissociation, symptom variability, and fatigue are essential diagnostic indicators. Early diagnosis prevents unnecessary interventions and enhances outcomes through suitable immunomodulatory therapy. This case underscores the statement that “not all imaging findings elucidate the clinical presentation.”",
        "Disclosures": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie: Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie has nothing to disclose.\nMaria D. Alvarez Falcon: Dr. Alvarez Falcon has nothing to disclose.\nKleber O. Mosquera, Sr., MD: Dr. Mosquera has nothing to disclose.\nLina K. Zambrano, Md: Dr. Zambrano has nothing to disclose.\nJuan Carlos Moreira Holguín, MD: Dr. Moreira Holguín has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores the significant risk of misdiagnosis in bulbar-predominant MG, which can resemble brainstem structural lesions, particularly when incidental neuroimaging findings are present. Clinical-radiological dissociation, symptom variability, and fatigue are essential diagnostic indicators. Early diagnosis prevents unnecessary interventions and enhances outcomes through suitable immunomodulatory therapy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65143",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65143",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 297
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65144",
      "source_id": "65144",
      "abstract_number": "1-069",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-069",
      "title": "Long-term Follow-up of Patients with Myelopathy: A Monocentric Experience at a Specialized Center",
      "authors": "Patricia I. Redondo; Clare M. Lambert, MD; David Acero-Garces, MD; Asli Buyukkurt, MD; Daniela Riveros Acosta, MD; Andrea Cepeda, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Patricia I. Redondo",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Patricia I. Redondo",
          "normalized_name": "Patricia I. Redondo",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Redondo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Clare M. Lambert, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Clare M. Lambert",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lambert has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Acero-Garces, MD",
          "normalized_name": "David Acero-Garces",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Acero-Garces has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Asli Buyukkurt, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Asli Buyukkurt",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Buyukkurt has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniela Riveros Acosta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniela Riveros Acosta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Riveros Acosta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrea Cepeda, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea Cepeda",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. cepeda has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Scott D. Newsome",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from Bart McLean Fund for Neuroimmunology Research ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Patricia I. Redondo",
        "Clare M. Lambert",
        "David Acero-Garces",
        "Asli Buyukkurt",
        "Daniela Riveros Acosta",
        "Andrea Cepeda",
        "Scott D. Newsome",
        "Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Johns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Johns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Patricia I. Redondo; Clare M. Lambert, MD; David Acero-Garces, MD; Asli Buyukkurt, MD; Daniela Riveros Acosta, MD; Andrea Cepeda, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Johns Hopkins Hospital\nJohns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology",
        "Objective": "Characterize functional outcomes of patients with myelopathy/myelitis after long-term clinical follow-up.",
        "Background": "Neuroimmunologists play a crucial role in caring for patients with non-traumatic spinal cord disease and there is a need to better understanding the long-term clinical outcomes in this population, particularly in the context of aging.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed retrospective chart review of a cohort of patients followed for more than a decade at our Myelopathy and Myelitis Center, including clinical, imaging, and biomarker information, to establish markers of functional outcomes at symptom nadir, at the first visit to our center, and after >10 years of follow-up.",
        "Results": "We analyzed 86 patients. Mean age at myelopathy onset was 45.2+/-12.8 years, with a mean follow-up of 159.2+/-34.1 months. Half had a monophasic course, 34% were relapsing, and 16% were progressive. Over half of patients had a demyelinating etiology, and the remainder had diagnostic categories of rheumatologic (including neurosarcoidosis), infectious, vascular, structural, or idiopathic/unknown. 53% of patients were employed full-time prior to symptom onset; at last follow-up, 19% were employed and 21% were retired. The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was 2 (IQR=2-3) at nadir and 2 (IQR=1-3) at last follow-up. Data regarding bowel and bladder symptoms, weakest limb strength, and gait metrics were also obtained.",
        "Conclusions": "Patients experience a variable course of recovery after myelopathy or myelitis. While many patients improve anecdotally, at a group level, they often remain with some degree of residual disability over a decade after their symptom nadir.",
        "Disclosures": "Patricia I. Redondo: Miss Redondo has nothing to disclose.\nClare M. Lambert, MD: Dr. Lambert has nothing to disclose.\nDavid Acero-Garces, MD: Dr. Acero-Garces has nothing to disclose.\nAsli Buyukkurt, MD: Dr. Buyukkurt has nothing to disclose.\nDaniela Riveros Acosta, MD: Dr. Riveros Acosta has nothing to disclose.\nAndrea Cepeda, MD: Dr. cepeda has nothing to disclose.\nScott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN: Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche.\nCarlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD: The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from Bart McLean Fund for Neuroimmunology Research ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Patients experience a variable course of recovery after myelopathy or myelitis. While many patients improve anecdotally, at a group level, they often remain with some degree of residual disability over a decade after their symptom nadir.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22378",
          "title": "C15 - Clinical Approach to Suspected Myelopathy",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22378",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN, Paula Barreras, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify key diagnostic features of autoimmune and inflammatory myelopathies; distinguish inflammatory myelopathies from noninflammatory mimics; and select appropriate diagnostic and treatment approaches for infectious and inflammatory myelopathies.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65144",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65144",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 248
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65145",
      "source_id": "65145",
      "abstract_number": "1-070",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-070",
      "title": "Clinical and Radiological Differences Between Autoimmune and Idiopathic Inflammatory Myelopathies in a Resource-limited Setting",
      "authors": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD; Jesus Daniel Gutierrez Arratia, MD; Mayte I. Quevedo, Bach en Psicología; Cesar Caparo, MD; Erik A. Guevara-Silva, MD; Kelvin H. Alvarez Toledo, MBBS; Maria Meza-Vega; Irena Dujmovic Basuroski, MD, PhD; Monica M. Diaz, MD, MS",
      "presenting_author": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alarcon Ruiz has received research support from Universidad Científica del Sur."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jesus Daniel Gutierrez Arratia, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jesus Daniel Gutierrez Arratia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gutierrez Arratia has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayte I. Quevedo, Bach en Psicología",
          "normalized_name": "Mayte I. Quevedo, Bach en Psicología",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Quevedo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cesar Caparo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Cesar Caparo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Caparo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Erik A. Guevara-Silva, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Erik A. Guevara-Silva",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Neurologicas",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Guevara-Silva has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kelvin H. Alvarez Toledo, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Kelvin H. Alvarez Toledo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alvarez Toledo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria Meza-Vega",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Meza-Vega",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Meza-Vega has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Irena Dujmovic Basuroski, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Irena Dujmovic Basuroski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Biogen MA Inc. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc . The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Celgene Corporation/Bristol-Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from The Bodford Family Transverse Myelitis Center Fund. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from CorEvitas, LLC. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Ad Scientiam. Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Travel -related expenses to attend clinical trial investigator meeting with Novartis. Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a International Clinical Consortium Member, Travel -related expenses to attend the meeting with The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Monica M. Diaz, MD, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Monica M. Diaz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Diaz has received research support from CorEvitas. The institution of Dr. Diaz has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Diaz has received research support from Bodford Family Transverse Myelitis Center Fund."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz",
        "Jesus Daniel Gutierrez Arratia",
        "Mayte I. Quevedo, Bach en Psicología",
        "Cesar Caparo",
        "Erik A. Guevara-Silva",
        "Kelvin H. Alvarez Toledo",
        "Maria Meza-Vega",
        "Irena Dujmovic Basuroski",
        "Monica M. Diaz"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas",
        "Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Neurologicas",
        "University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas",
        "Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Neurologicas",
        "University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD; Jesus Daniel Gutierrez Arratia, MD; Mayte I. Quevedo, Bach en Psicología; Cesar Caparo, MD; Erik A. Guevara-Silva, MD; Kelvin H. Alvarez Toledo, MBBS; Maria Meza-Vega; Irena Dujmovic Basuroski, MD, PhD; Monica M. Diaz, MD, MS",
        "Affiliations": "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas\nInstituto Nacional De Ciencias Neurologicas\nUniversity of North Carolina At Chapel Hill",
        "Objective": "Differentiating autoimmune from idiopathic inflammatory myelopathies (IM) remains challenging in resource-limited settings, where diagnostic tools may be limited or delayed.",
        "Background": "To identify clinical and radiological features associated with autoimmune versus idiopathic IM in a tertiary center in Peru.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted an observational study including adults with IM (August 2024-March 2026). Patients were classified as autoimmune (multiple sclerosis [MS], neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder [NMOSD], MOG antibody-associated disease [MOGAD]) or idiopathic (exclusion of other diagnosis). Clinical, laboratory, MRI, and outcome data were collected. Between-group comparisons were performed, and negative binomial regression identified factors associated with autoimmune etiology.",
        "Results": "Seventy patients were included (58.7% autoimmune). Autoimmune IM were more frequent in women (70.8% vs. 37.0%, p=0.004), more commonly presented as a relapsing case (85.7% vs. 14.3%, p<0.001), and more often associated with cranial nerve involvement (52.3% vs. 25.8%, p=0.022). Autoimmune cases less frequently showed longitudinally extensive lesions (≥3 segments: 63.6% vs. 87.1%, p=0.024), while cervical predominance was more frequent (75.0% vs. 51.9%, p=0.074). No significant differences were observed in serum, CSF, or brain MRI findings. In multivariable analysis, female sex (PR 1.78, 95% CI 1.05-3.03), relapsing course (PR 1.86, 95% CI 1.14-3.02), and longitudinally extensive lesions (PR 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.98) were independently associated with autoimmune etiology. At six months of wollow-up, disability remained high in both groups (EDSS ≥4.0: 70.0% vs. 60.0%, p=0.584).",
        "Conclusions": "Autoimmune and idiopathic IM show distinct clinical profiles. Readily identifiable features such as relapsing course and cranial nerve involvement may help guide etiological suspicion in resource-limited settings, whereas routine MRI and laboratory findings provide limited discrimination.",
        "Disclosures": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD: Dr. Alarcon Ruiz has received research support from Universidad Científica del Sur.\nJesus Daniel Gutierrez Arratia, MD: Dr. Gutierrez Arratia has nothing to disclose.\nMayte I. Quevedo, Bach en Psicología: Mrs. Quevedo has nothing to disclose.\nCesar Caparo, MD: Dr. Caparo has nothing to disclose.\nErik A. Guevara-Silva, MD: Dr. Guevara-Silva has nothing to disclose.\nKelvin H. Alvarez Toledo, MBBS: Dr. Alvarez Toledo has nothing to disclose.\nMaria Meza-Vega: Dr. Meza-Vega has nothing to disclose.\nIrena Dujmovic Basuroski, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Biogen MA Inc. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc . The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Celgene Corporation/Bristol-Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from The Bodford Family Transverse Myelitis Center Fund. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from CorEvitas, LLC. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received research support from Ad Scientiam. Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Travel -related expenses to attend clinical trial investigator meeting with Novartis. Dr. Dujmovic Basuroski has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a International Clinical Consortium Member, Travel -related expenses to attend the meeting with The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.\nMonica M. Diaz, MD, MS: The institution of Dr. Diaz has received research support from CorEvitas. The institution of Dr. Diaz has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Diaz has received research support from Bodford Family Transverse Myelitis Center Fund."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Autoimmune and idiopathic IM show distinct clinical profiles. Readily identifiable features such as relapsing course and cranial nerve involvement may help guide etiological suspicion in resource-limited settings, whereas routine MRI and laboratory findings provide limited discrimination.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65145",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65145",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65146",
      "source_id": "65146",
      "abstract_number": "1-071",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-071",
      "title": "Familial Clustering of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated Neurological Complications in Two Pediatric Siblings",
      "authors": "Joslynn Soria; Bilge Nur Yesiltepe, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Joslynn Soria",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Joslynn Soria",
          "normalized_name": "Joslynn Soria",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Soria has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bilge Nur Yesiltepe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bilge Nur Yesiltepe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "East Tennessee Children’s Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yesiltepe has or had stock in AYTU Biopharma INC.Dr. Yesiltepe has or had stock in Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Joslynn Soria",
        "Bilge Nur Yesiltepe"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "East Tennessee Children’s Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "East Tennessee Children’s Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Joslynn Soria; Bilge Nur Yesiltepe, MD",
        "Affiliations": "East Tennessee Children’s Hospital",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been recognized as a trigger for extrapulmonary neurologic complications. Among the most common neurologic sequelae, transverse myelitis came second to encephalitis in children. Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a rare demyelinating disorder caused by inflammation of the spinal cord most often as a result of an abnormal immune response post-infection. While several pediatric cases have connected M. pneumoniae with ATM, we could not identify any previously reported cases of familial clustering in the literature.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "Case Presentation: Two previously healthy and developmentally appropriate sisters, ages 7 and 5, presented within two weeks of each other with neurological symptoms following pneumonia. Both initially had acute ataxia, headache, and other features of acute post-infectious cerebellitis versus meningitis. They initially improved without any pharmacological interventions, but within weeks, the older sister returned with worsening symptoms. A spine MRI was obtained and confirmed ATM. Upon lab work, both sisters had elevated M. pneumoniae IgM titers and elevated ESR while CSF PCR for M. pneumoniae was negative for the older sister. The older sister received escalating immunomodulatory therapy including intravenous methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and doxycycline before achieving full recovery. The younger sister recovered with the exception of a mild gait abnormality after treatment with doxycycline and supportive care. The patients' family history was significant for autoimmune disorders in both grandmothers, including Sjögren syndrome and psoriatic arthritis.",
        "Conclusions": "Genetic and immunologic factors may predispose patients to post-infectious neurological complications. To our knowledge, these cases represent the first reported familial occurrence of M. pneumoniae -associated neurological complications. In addition, they underline the importance of considering M. pneumoniae in the setting of pediatric ATM, particularly when similar clinical features occur within the same family.",
        "Disclosures": "Joslynn Soria: Ms. Soria has nothing to disclose.\nBilge Nur Yesiltepe, MD: Dr. Yesiltepe has or had stock in AYTU Biopharma INC.Dr. Yesiltepe has or had stock in Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Genetic and immunologic factors may predispose patients to post-infectious neurological complications. To our knowledge, these cases represent the first reported familial occurrence of M. pneumoniae -associated neurological complications. In addition, they underline the importance of considering M. pneumoniae in the setting of pediatric ATM, particularly when similar clinical features occur within the same family.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65146",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65146",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 280
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65147",
      "source_id": "65147",
      "abstract_number": "1-072",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-072",
      "title": "Relapsing Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy",
      "authors": "Nikhil Kurpad; Ipshita Garg, MBBS; Kyna Schreiber, MD; Rani Priyanka Vasireddy, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Nikhil Kurpad",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nikhil Kurpad",
          "normalized_name": "Nikhil Kurpad",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Nikhil Kurpad has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ipshita Garg, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ipshita Garg",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas at Tyler",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Garg has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kyna Schreiber, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kyna Schreiber",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UT Health Center Tyler",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Schreiber has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rani Priyanka Vasireddy, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rani Priyanka Vasireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nikhil Kurpad",
        "Ipshita Garg",
        "Kyna Schreiber",
        "Rani Priyanka Vasireddy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Texas at Tyler",
        "UT Health Center Tyler"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Texas at Tyler",
        "UT Health Center Tyler"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nikhil Kurpad; Ipshita Garg, MBBS; Kyna Schreiber, MD; Rani Priyanka Vasireddy, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "University of Texas at Tyler\nUT Health Center Tyler",
        "Objective": "To report a case of ICI-associated LETM in a patient with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with nivolumab and ipilimumab, who experienced symptom recurrence after initial improvement, and to contextualize this within available literature.",
        "Background": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly recognized to cause neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). Although rare, LETM can be severe, and reports of clinical relapse after apparent recovery are emerging. Optimal strategies for prevention of relapse remain uncertain.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective chart review of a 67-year-old man who developed 3 weeks of progressive bilateral lower extremity weakness without bowel, bladder, or sensory deficits. MRI spine demonstrated contrast-enhancing T2 hyperintense lesions spanning C6-T4, consistent with LETM. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein, with negative infectious, autoimmune, and paraneoplastic studies. ICIs were discontinued per ASCO irAE guidance, and he received 5 days of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone with rapid clinical improvement, followed by discharge to rehabilitation without an oral steroid taper. Ten weeks later, he re-presented with similar symptoms; MRI showed no new lesions. He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, repeat IV methylprednisolone, and an oral steroid taper.",
        "Results": "Initial concern was that absence of a steroid taper contributed to relapse. However, review of 11 published ICI-associated LETM cases identified 7 treated with nivolumab and/or ipilimumab, among whom 4 relapsed despite steroid tapering.",
        "Conclusions": "Apparent recovery after short-course corticosteroids in ICI-associated LETM may not represent complete resolution, and relapse can occur with or without a taper. Clinicians should maintain close surveillance for recurrence, particularly within 10-12 weeks after initial recovery. Optimal duration of corticosteroid therapy and escalation strategies remain undefined and require further investigation.",
        "Disclosures": "Nikhil Kurpad: Nikhil Kurpad has nothing to disclose.\nIpshita Garg, MBBS: Dr. Garg has nothing to disclose.\nKyna Schreiber, MD: Dr. Schreiber has received research support from NIH.\nRani Priyanka Vasireddy, MBBS: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Apparent recovery after short-course corticosteroids in ICI-associated LETM may not represent complete resolution, and relapse can occur with or without a taper. Clinicians should maintain close surveillance for recurrence, particularly within 10-12 weeks after initial recovery. Optimal duration of corticosteroid therapy and escalation strategies remain undefined and require further investigation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65147",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65147",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 273
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65148",
      "source_id": "65148",
      "abstract_number": "1-073",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-073",
      "title": "Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis in a Nascent Immune System",
      "authors": "Michael J. McGill, MD; Jerilyn Summay, MD; Kelli Manikowski, DO; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Michael J. McGill, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Michael J. McGill, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael J. McGill",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McGill has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerilyn Summay, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jerilyn Summay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Summay has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kelli Manikowski, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Kelli Manikowski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Manikowski has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Indiana University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Michael J. McGill",
        "Jerilyn Summay",
        "Kelli Manikowski",
        "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Michael J. McGill, MD; Jerilyn Summay, MD; Kelli Manikowski, DO; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Indiana University",
        "Objective": "We describe a case emphasizing the necessity of considering patient phenotype when evaluating those with positive autoimmune serologic assay testing. This case outlines a patient with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following notable immune system altering therapies throughout the treatment of refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).",
        "Background": "Transverse myelitis is a rare disorder of the spinal cord that can result in an array of symptoms including weakness, sensory changes, and autonomic symptoms. The differential for this condition is broad but includes many treatable conditions; with emerging options for immune modulating therapy, clinicians must consider adverse effects of stem cell transplant and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 40-year-old male presented with bilateral lower extremity paresthesias and allodynia following treatment of refractory DLBCL including multiple regimens of chemotherapy, CAR-T therapy, and allogenic stem cell transplantation. His course had been complicated by stage 4 GVHD requiring treatment with intravenous steroids, tacrolimus, budesonide, ruxolitinib, and photopheresis followed by weekly maintenance IVIg. One year after transplantation, he was reimmunized. Shortly thereafter, maintenance IVIg was discontinued, and he began to develop paresthesias and allodynia that progressed to sensory loss and bilateral lower extremity weakness. Imaging with MRI revealed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis from C2-T11. CSF evaluation showed lymphocytic pleocytosis with autoantibody panel negativity, but serum showed GABA-B autoantibodies. However, this serology was inconsistent with the patient’s phenotype, prompting alternative considerations. Neural autoantibody repeat evaluation was negative. After failing methylprednisolone, the patient resumed treatment with IVIg and experienced dramatic improvement both clinically and radiographically. The etiology of his transverse myelitis remains unknown but is interpreted as either atypical GVHD or vaccine-mediated hyperreactivity.",
        "Conclusions": "This case demonstrates the importance of considering patient phenotype when evaluating the etiology of autoimmune neurologic disease and the value of retesting.",
        "Disclosures": "Michael J. McGill, MD: Dr. McGill has nothing to disclose.\nJerilyn Summay, MD: Dr. Summay has nothing to disclose.\nKelli Manikowski, DO: Mrs. Manikowski has nothing to disclose.\nStefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD: Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case demonstrates the importance of considering patient phenotype when evaluating the etiology of autoimmune neurologic disease and the value of retesting.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65148",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65148",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65149",
      "source_id": "65149",
      "abstract_number": "1-074",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-074",
      "title": "Lyme Neuroborreliosis Manifesting As Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis And Brainstem Lesions",
      "authors": "Taqua Tabassum, MD; Scott M. Belliston, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Taqua Tabassum, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Taqua Tabassum, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Taqua Tabassum",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tabassum has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott M. Belliston, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Scott M. Belliston",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Sanford",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Belliston has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Taqua Tabassum",
        "Scott M. Belliston"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Sanford"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Sanford"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Taqua Tabassum, MD; Scott M. Belliston, DO",
        "Affiliations": "Sanford",
        "Objective": "To highlight that Lyme neuroborreliosis, though rare, can present with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), and to emphasize the importance of excluding other autoimmune, metabolic and paraneoplastic causes in the diagnostic evaluation.",
        "Background": "A 63-year-old Midwestern woman with history of hypertension and alcohol-related hyponatremia presented with 5-6 weeks of progressive fatigue and gait impairment. She was previously able to walk 3-4 miles a day but now had difficulty ambulating to the bathroom. She denied fever, rash, or recent tick bite and reported decreased alcohol intake since symptom onset. MRI brain revealed hyperintense lesions in the medulla, pons, and left cerebral peduncle, while cervical MRI showed a posterior C2-C6 lesion with leptomeningeal enhancement. Examination revealed brisk reflexes and distal loss of vibration sensation bilaterally without weakness. CSF demonstrated lymphocytic pleocytosis (179 cells), elevated protein (256 mg/dL), and positive oligoclonal bands. Serum Lyme IgM and IgG and CSF Lyme IgG were positive, and other autoimmune, metabolic, and paraneoplastic causes were ruled out. Although no history of tick bite or other stigmata of Lyme, she was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone followed by doxycycline for 28 days. She had clinical improvement in ambulation. Six-month follow-up imaging showed resolution of brainstem and cervical cord lesions, further confirming Lyme neuroborreliosis presenting as longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights an atypical presentation of neuroborreliosis with brainstem and cervical cord lesions. Recognition of rare CNS manifestations of Lyme disease is critical, particularly in endemic regions, to guide appropriate testing and treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Taqua Tabassum, MD: Dr. Tabassum has nothing to disclose.\nScott M. Belliston, DO: Dr. Belliston has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights an atypical presentation of neuroborreliosis with brainstem and cervical cord lesions. Recognition of rare CNS manifestations of Lyme disease is critical, particularly in endemic regions, to guide appropriate testing and treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65149",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65149",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 246
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65150",
      "source_id": "65150",
      "abstract_number": "1-075",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-075",
      "title": "Autoimmune GFAP Astrocytopathy Following Aseptic Meningitis: A Bimodal Encephalitic Process with Early Post-discharge Status Epilepticus",
      "authors": "Ahya S. Ali, MD; Fang Yu, MD; Subhan Khan, MD; Jon Rosenberg, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ahya S. Ali, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ahya S. Ali, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahya S. Ali",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fang Yu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Fang Yu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Subhan Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Subhan Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Kentucky",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Kentucky."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jon Rosenberg, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jon Rosenberg",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rosenberg has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ahya S. Ali",
        "Fang Yu",
        "Subhan Khan",
        "Jon Rosenberg"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "University of Kentucky"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "University of Kentucky"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ahya S. Ali, MD; Fang Yu, MD; Subhan Khan, MD; Jon Rosenberg, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Westchester Medical Center\nUniversity of Kentucky",
        "Objective": "To describe a bimodal presentation of autoimmune GFAP Astrocytopathy following aseptic meningitis, complicated by early post-discharge status epilepticus, and to highlight diagnostic challenges in recognizing post-infectious autoimmune CNS conversion.",
        "Background": "GFAP astrocytopathy is a rare autoimmune inflammatory CNS disorder characterized by glial fibrillary acidic protein antibodies and typically presents sub acutely with meningoencephalitis, movement disorders, or optic neuritis. A biphasic course following viral or aseptic meningitis is recognized, usually emerging over weeks after apparent clinical improvement. However, rapid post-infectious autoimmune conversion with severe neurological deterioration is less well characterized and may be under-recognized, particularly when initial infectious evaluations are negative and early symptoms are nonspecific..",
        "Design/Methods": "Case Report",
        "Results": "A 23-year-old man presented with fever, headache, neck stiffness, and vomiting, with CSF showing lymphocytic pleocytosis (116 WBCs) consistent with aseptic meningitis; infectious studies including viral PCRs were negative. He improved clinically with supportive care and was discharged. Shortly after discharge, he re-presented with severe hyponatremia, intractable hiccups, and new-onset status epilepticus requiring intubation and anesthetic coma. MRI brain demonstrated new bilateral T2/FLAIR hyperintensities involving the basal ganglia, insular cortex, hippocampi, and brainstem, with leptomeningeal enhancement. CSF GFAP-IgG was positive (1:16), confirming autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy. Extensive infectious, autoimmune, and malignancy workup was negative. High-dose corticosteroids resulted in neurological stabilization, though residual deficits persisted.",
        "Conclusions": "This case illustrates a bimodal encephalitic process in which apparent recovery from aseptic meningitis was followed by rapid autoimmune CNS conversion. Hyponatremia and intractable hiccups emerged as early clinical warning signs preceding severe neurological decline. Recognition of this pattern may improve early identification of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy and support timely initiation of immunotherapy in patients with relapsing or atypical post-meningitic presentations.",
        "Disclosures": "Ahya S. Ali, MD: Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose.\nFang Yu, MD: Dr. Yu has nothing to disclose.\nSubhan Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Kentucky.\nJon Rosenberg, MD: Dr. Rosenberg has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case illustrates a bimodal encephalitic process in which apparent recovery from aseptic meningitis was followed by rapid autoimmune CNS conversion. Hyponatremia and intractable hiccups emerged as early clinical warning signs preceding severe neurological decline.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65150",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65150",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 272
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65151",
      "source_id": "65151",
      "abstract_number": "1-076",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-076",
      "title": "Serial Electrophysiology as an Early Severity Marker in Anti-GQ1b Spectrum Disorders",
      "authors": "Ahya S. Ali, MD; Steven Everett; Sangharsha Thapa, MD; Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Jin Li, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Ahya S. Ali, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ahya S. Ali, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahya S. Ali",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Steven Everett",
          "normalized_name": "Steven Everett",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Everett has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sangharsha Thapa, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sangharsha Thapa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thapa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Aiswarya Raj",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jin Li, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jin Li",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Li has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie. Dr. Li has a non-compensated relationship as a member, woman leadership committee with AAN that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ahya S. Ali",
        "Steven Everett",
        "Sangharsha Thapa",
        "Aiswarya Raj",
        "Jin Li"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Westchester Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Westchester Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ahya S. Ali, MD; Steven Everett; Sangharsha Thapa, MD; Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Jin Li, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Westchester Medical Center",
        "Objective": "To assess the role of serial electrophysiology in early identification of disease severity in anti-GQ1b spectrum disorders",
        "Background": "Miller Fisher Syndrome and Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis share anti-GQ1b antibody-mediated pathology affecting oculomotor nerves, muscle spindle afferents, peripheral nerves, and the brainstem reticular formation. Electrophysiological studies typically demonstrate a sensory-predominant axonal pattern with reduced sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) as the most frequent early finding. Motor and cranial nerve-predominant involvement with preserved sensory conduction is less well characterized, and its relationship to clinical severity remains poorly defined.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report",
        "Results": "A previously healthy 36-year-old male presented with acute diplopia progressing within hours to ptosis, dysarthria, facial palsy, ophthalmoplegia, encephalopathy, and respiratory failure requiring intubation. Serial cerebrospinal fluid analyses and MRI brain remained unremarkable. Serial nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG) demonstrated a motor- and cranial nerve-predominant axonal pattern with preserved sensory conduction. SNAPs were normal, while compound motor action potentials were reduced in the left ulnar and accessory nerves. EMG revealed absent motor unit potentials in facial and bulbar muscles, directly correlating with dysarthria, dysphagia, and respiratory failure. Low-amplitude H-reflexes suggested concurrent central involvement. Serial electrophysiology provided the only objective evidence of dual central and peripheral nervous system pathology and guided clinical decision-making prior to serological confirmation. Anti-GQ1b antibodies were markedly elevated (>1:12,800), confirming MFS-BBE overlap. Concurrent COVID-19 infection was identified as a likely immunological trigger. Despite IVIG therapy, the patient required tracheostomy and gastrostomy.",
        "Conclusions": "This case demonstrates a motor- and cranial nerve-predominant axonal pattern with preserved sensory conduction, diverging from the classically described sensory-predominant profile in anti-GQ1b spectrum disorders. Absent bulbar motor unit potentials correlated with severe clinical involvement and prolonged respiratory dependence, suggesting that serial electrophysiology may serve as an early marker of disease severity and help identify patients at risk for severe outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Ahya S. Ali, MD: Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose.\nSteven Everett: Mr. Everett has nothing to disclose.\nSangharsha Thapa, MD: Dr. Thapa has nothing to disclose.\nAiswarya Raj, MBBS: Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose.\nJin Li, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Li has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie. Dr. Li has a non-compensated relationship as a member, woman leadership committee with AAN that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case demonstrates a motor- and cranial nerve-predominant axonal pattern with preserved sensory conduction, diverging from the classically described sensory-predominant profile in anti-GQ1b spectrum disorders. Absent bulbar motor unit potentials correlated with severe clinical involvement and prolonged respiratory dependence, suggesting that serial electrophysiology may serve as an early marker of disease severity and help…",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65151",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65151",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65153",
      "source_id": "65153",
      "abstract_number": "1-078",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-078",
      "title": "Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus and GAD-65 CSF Autoimmunity: A Case Series",
      "authors": "Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN; Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dylan Kirschenbaum",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kirschenbaum has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Kristin M. Galetta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jamie C. McDonald",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Dylan Kirschenbaum",
        "Kristin M. Galetta",
        "Jamie C. McDonald"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN; Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford University",
        "Objective": "To describe a series of 3 cases with communicating hydrocephalus and positive glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) antibodies, and to explore a potential clinical association between autoimmune neurologic processes and cerebrospinal fluid dysregulation.",
        "Background": "Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a clinical syndrome characterized by the triad of gait apraxia, cognitive impairment, and bladder dysfunction in the context of ventriculomegaly and normal intracranial pressure. It can be classified as idiopathic or secondary, depending on if there is an underlying process to explain the hydrocephalus. GAD-65 antibodies, particularly in higher titers or intrathecal synthesis, are implicated in multiple autoimmune neurologic conditions, including stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders (SPS-SD), cerebellar ataxia, epilepsy, encephalitis, or any combination of these. There is no literature describing an overlap of these entities",
        "Design/Methods": "Using a research database and clinical referral from treating physicians, we identified three patients who presented with progressive cognitive and gait changes, were found to have imaging findings of communicating hydrocephalus concerning for NPH, and later found to have high-titer GAD-65 antibodies. The electronic medical record was used to review clinical presentations, diagnostics, treatments and outcomes.",
        "Results": "Patients 1 and 2 demonstrated objective gait improvement after a large volume lumbar puncture, and were subsequently treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt for NPH. Patient 3 did not show improvement after lumbar puncture, and had clinical features more consistent with SPS-SD. All 3 patients were found to have serum GAD65 antibodies > 20 nmol/L. Only patient 2 had CSF tested, which was positive for GAD65 antibodies. Patient 2 and 3 were treated with immunotherapy.",
        "Conclusions": "We highlight a potential association between GAD-65 autoimmunity and communicating hydrocephalus, with implications for the standard workup of a patient with suspected NPH. While causality cannot be established, these findings raise the possibility of autoimmune-mediated disruption of CSF dynamics and warrant further investigation.",
        "Disclosures": "Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD: Dr. Kirschenbaum has nothing to disclose.\nKristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN: Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS.\nJamie C. McDonald, MD: Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We highlight a potential association between GAD-65 autoimmunity and communicating hydrocephalus, with implications for the standard workup of a patient with suspected NPH. While causality cannot be established, these findings raise the possibility of autoimmune-mediated disruption of CSF dynamics and warrant further investigation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65153",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65153",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65154",
      "source_id": "65154",
      "abstract_number": "1-079",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-079",
      "title": "Atypical Presentations of Anti-IGLON5 Disease",
      "authors": "Alaa S. Mohamed, MD, MBBS; Michele Persico, MD; David Sandlin, MD, PhD; Diana Vargas, MD; Gabriela A. Bou, MD; Sara Radmard, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Alaa S. Mohamed, MD, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alaa S. Mohamed, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Alaa S. Mohamed",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alaa Mohamed",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mohamed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michele Persico, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michele Persico",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Persico has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Sandlin, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "David Sandlin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory Brain Health Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sandlin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Diana Vargas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Diana Vargas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory Healthcare",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vargas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gabriela A. Bou, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Gabriela A. Bou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bou has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara Radmard, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Radmard",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Radmard has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alaa S. Mohamed",
        "Michele Persico",
        "David Sandlin",
        "Diana Vargas",
        "Gabriela A. Bou",
        "Sara Radmard"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alaa Mohamed",
        "Emory Brain Health Center",
        "Emory Healthcare",
        "Emory University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alaa Mohamed",
        "Emory Brain Health Center",
        "Emory Healthcare",
        "Emory University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alaa S. Mohamed, MD, MBBS; Michele Persico, MD; David Sandlin, MD, PhD; Diana Vargas, MD; Gabriela A. Bou, MD; Sara Radmard, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Alaa Mohamed\nEmory Brain Health Center\nEmory Healthcare\nEmory University School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To describe two patients with anti-IgLON5 disease whose presentations expand the recognized clinical and radiologic phenotype.",
        "Background": "Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder with six established phenotypes: sleep disorder, bulbar syndrome, PSP-like syndrome, cognitive decline with chorea, peripheral nervous system involvement, and cerebellar ataxia with tremor. MRI is typically unremarkable, and cancer association has not been established.",
        "Design/Methods": "We report two patients evaluated at a single academic center with confirmed anti-IgLON5 antibodies and atypical presentations not captured by existing phenotypic classifications.",
        "Results": "Patient 1 is a 63-year-old woman who developed subacute visual distortion, impaired depth perception, intermittent diplopia, and severe posture-dependent disequilibrium with migrainous features. Neuro-vestibular testing revealed central positional nystagmus, high VOR gains, saccadic pursuit, and impaired VOR suppression. MRI demonstrated diffuse corpus callosum T2/FLAIR hyperintensities and bilateral oculomotor nerve enhancement. Serum anti-IgLON5 titer was 1:7,680 with CSF positivity and 7 oligoclonal bands. Concurrent breast biopsy revealed invasive ductal carcinoma. She improved after IV methylprednisolone and IVIG, with a fourfold titer decline. Sleep symptoms were absent throughout. Patient 2 is an 81-year-old man with progressive generalized chorea, gait impairment, cognitive decline, and excessive daytime sleepiness over two years. Notably, choreiform movements persisted during sleep, documented on video. Serum anti-IgLON5 CBA was positive with negative IFA. MRI showed only diffuse atrophy. He responded to valbenazine for chorea and IVIG for the underlying disease, later transitioning to rituximab for sustained benefit.",
        "Conclusions": "These cases broaden the anti-IgLON5 phenotype. Patient 1 demonstrates a novel ocular-vestibular syndrome with bilateral oculomotor nerve enhancement, corpus callosum involvement, and concurrent malignancy. Patient 2 illustrates sleep-persistent chorea, contrasting with the typical suppression of chorea during sleep. Both cases responded to immunotherapy, supporting early treatment in this evolving disease spectrum.",
        "Disclosures": "Alaa S. Mohamed, MD, MBBS: Dr. Mohamed has nothing to disclose.\nMichele Persico, MD: Dr. Persico has nothing to disclose.\nDavid Sandlin, MD, PhD: Dr. Sandlin has nothing to disclose.\nDiana Vargas, MD: Dr. Vargas has nothing to disclose.\nGabriela A. Bou, MD: Dr. Bou has nothing to disclose.\nSara Radmard, MD: Dr. Radmard has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "These cases broaden the anti-IgLON5 phenotype. Patient 1 demonstrates a novel ocular-vestibular syndrome with bilateral oculomotor nerve enhancement, corpus callosum involvement, and concurrent malignancy. Patient 2 illustrates sleep-persistent chorea, contrasting with the typical suppression of chorea during sleep. Both cases responded to immunotherapy, supporting early treatment in this evolving disease spectrum.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65154",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65154",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 283
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65155",
      "source_id": "65155",
      "abstract_number": "1-080",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-080",
      "title": "A Case of Concurrent Hypophysitis and Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis: Expanding the Spectrum of Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) Astrocytopathy",
      "authors": "Dustin Ryker, MD; Mhd Majd Mardini, MD; Danny Samkutty, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Dustin Ryker, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Dustin Ryker, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dustin Ryker",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ryker has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mhd Majd Mardini, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mhd Majd Mardini",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "OUHSC Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mardini has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Danny Samkutty, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Danny Samkutty",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "OU Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Samkutty has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Dustin Ryker",
        "Mhd Majd Mardini",
        "Danny Samkutty"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "OUHSC Neurology",
        "OU Health"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "OUHSC Neurology",
        "OU Health"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Dustin Ryker, MD; Mhd Majd Mardini, MD; Danny Samkutty, MD",
        "Affiliations": "OUHSC Neurology\nOU Health",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of GFAP astrocytopathy with combination of hypophysitis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM).",
        "Background": "GFAP astrocytopathy is a recently defined CNS autoimmune disease characterized by GFAP - IgG antibodies with a typical clinical syndrome of meningoencephalomyelitis . We report a case with novel imaging findings of pituitary involvement with hypophysitis.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report and review of the literature.",
        "Results": "A 22 - year - old man with latent tuberculosis prese nted with neck pain and progressive upper extremity weakness and p aresthesia . MRI brain and spine showed enlarged pituitary gland with enhancement consistent with hypophysitis and longitudinally extensive myelitis extending from the cervico - medullary junction to C5. CSF showed mild pleocytosis with autoimmune myelopathy panel positive for GFAP antibody by cell - based assay with 1:2 titer. An e xtensive serum and CSF workup was otherwise negative including testing for infectious, systemic autoi mmune and CNS demyelinating conditions including neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD). Interferon - gamma release assay was positive consistent with known history of latent tuberculosis for which he was evaluated by I nfectious Disease without any evidence of active tuberculosis. The patient was treated with high dose IV methylprednisolone with clinical improvement that was sustained at 3 and 6 month outpatient follow - ups.",
        "Conclusions": "Typical imaging findings of GFAP astrocytopathy include radial perivascular enhancement in the white matter, periependymal or meningeal enhancement, longitudinally extensive myelitis , and optic neuritis . Hypophysitis has not been previously described with GFA P astrocytopathy and is typically in the differential for IgG4 - related diseases, i mmune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity, sarcoidosis, and other systemic autoimmune disorders. Our case highlights the growing spectrum of radiologic findings that can be see n in GFAP astrocytopathy and reinforces the need for a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation to exclude overlapping causes .",
        "Disclosures": "Dustin Ryker, MD: Dr. Ryker has nothing to disclose.\nMhd Majd Mardini, MD: Dr. Mardini has nothing to disclose.\nDanny Samkutty, MD: Dr. Samkutty has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Typical imaging findings of GFAP astrocytopathy include radial perivascular enhancement in the white matter, periependymal or meningeal enhancement, longitudinally extensive myelitis , and optic neuritis . Hypophysitis has not been previously described with GFA P astrocytopathy and is typically in the differential for IgG4 - related diseases, i mmune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity, sarcoidosis, and other systemic autoimmune dis…",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65155",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65155",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 292
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65156",
      "source_id": "65156",
      "abstract_number": "1-081",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-081",
      "title": "Ocrelizumab for Psychosis by Autoimmunity (OPA)",
      "authors": "Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Joseph C. Masdeu",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist Neurological Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Masdeu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Lilly . The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Houston Methodist Foundation. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Alector. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Aviado-Bio. Dr. Masdeu has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Masdeu has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Masdeu has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Director, Nantz Nal Alzheimer Center with HOUSTON METHODIST NEUROLOGICAL INSTITUTE."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Joseph C. Masdeu"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Houston Methodist Neurological Institute"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Houston Methodist Neurological Institute"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Houston Methodist Neurological Institute",
        "Objective": "To determine whether immunomodulation improves the symptoms of patients with likely autoimmune schizophrenic psychosis.",
        "Background": "A consensus exists that schizophrenia is not a single disease, but the final pathway of a variety of still unknown neurobiological derangements. M any patients might have an autoimmune etiology, as suggested by several lines of evidence. First, schizophrenia typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood and courses with remissions and exacerbations. Second, it shares age of onset and psychiatric symptoms with a disorder caused by autoantibodies against the NMDA receptor, known to be downregulated in schizophrenia. Third, several of the leading risk genes associated with schizophrenia in genome-wide association studies code for proteins critical for immunity.",
        "Design/Methods": "A sample of 40 patients ages 18-35 with normal academic performance before age 15 but with schizophrenia defined by the MINI test is being randomized to either ocrelizumab (two infusions of 300 mg IV) or placebo. The outcome is being recorded with the PANSS and cognitive testing multiple times over a period of 18 months.",
        "Results": "In an interim, blinded analysis of 18 patients (age 25.5 ± 4.1 years, 8 women) in both treatment arms who had a 3 month follow up after the second ocrelizumab infusion, results are as follows: Variable Baseline Mean 12-Week Mean Mean Change % Change PANSS Positive 19.9 11.9 −7.9 −39.9% PANSS Negative 19.5 15.0 −4.5 −23.2% Antipsychotic Dose (mg CPZeq) 381.4 354.5 −26.9 −7.1% Quality of Life (RQL) 42.8 51.2 +8.4 +19.7%",
        "Conclusions": "The 39.9% reduction in PANSS Positive scores in the overall sample exceeds the conventional 20% benchmark for significant clinical improvement, while the 23.2% reduction in PANSS Negative scores also meets the threshold for meaningful change. The modest 7% decrease in antipsychotic dose suggests improvement was not driven by higher dosing. Quality of life improved by nearly 20%, aligning with functional recovery.",
        "Disclosures": "Joseph C. Masdeu, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Masdeu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Lilly . The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Houston Methodist Foundation. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Alector. The institution of Dr. Masdeu has received research support from Aviado-Bio. Dr. Masdeu has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Masdeu has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Masdeu has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Director, Nantz Nal Alzheimer Center with HOUSTON METHODIST NEUROLOGICAL INSTITUTE."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The 39.9% reduction in PANSS Positive scores in the overall sample exceeds the conventional 20% benchmark for significant clinical improvement, while the 23.2% reduction in PANSS Negative scores also meets the threshold for meaningful change. The modest 7% decrease in antipsychotic dose suggests improvement was not driven by higher dosing. Quality of life improved by nearly 20%, aligning with functional recovery.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65156",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65156",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 317
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65157",
      "source_id": "65157",
      "abstract_number": "1-082",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-082",
      "title": "Beyond Demyelination: The Emerging Pathophenotype of Anti-Neurofascin 140 as a Distinct and Rare Peripheral and Central Autoimmune Nodopathy with Two Discrete Subtypes",
      "authors": "Rishika Cherukuru; Ali Karimi, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rishika Cherukuru",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rishika Cherukuru",
          "normalized_name": "Rishika Cherukuru",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Cherukuru has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ali Karimi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ali Karimi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Karimi has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rishika Cherukuru",
        "Ali Karimi"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rishika Cherukuru; Ali Karimi, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe Anti-Neurofascin 140 (NF140) antibody-mediated autoimmune nodopathy (AN) and distinguish its pathophysiology from other neuropathies.",
        "Background": "NF140-AN is not well-described. NF140 is an embryonic pioneer protein that brings voltage-gated sodium channels together during development and repair. In adults, NF140 is re-expressed after injury, and can be attacked at Nodes of Ranvier (NoR) through molecular mimicry, often after an infection.",
        "Design/Methods": "A comprehensive literature review of all eleven relevant articles was performed focusing on molecular biology of NF140 re-expression, pathophysiology of pseudo-conduction block and sodium channel dispersion, clinical phenotype, and emerging therapeutic approaches.",
        "Results": "NF140 antibodies are mostly IgG3 or IgG4 that attack extracellular domain in NoR rather than myelin as in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD), or multiple sclerosis. The conduction failure from disruption of sodium channels and ankyrin-G is initially reversible, but can become irreversible if not properly treated. Infections such as C. jejuni can trigger NF140 antibody formation through molecular mimicry. Clinically, NF140-AN is associated with sensory ataxia, high-frequency action tremor, and severe quadriparesis. Compared to CIDP, distal weakness is often more prominent. If there is NF-140 re-expression in the brain, the central nervous system can be affected as well. IgG3-mediated NF140-AN is complement-activating, inflammatory, acute, and often mistaken for GBS. IgG4 mediated NF140-AN is complement-independent, non-inflammatory, chronic, gradual, yet aggressive and refractory to IVIG. FcRN inhibitors such as Efgartigimod and B-cell depleting agents like Rituximab have demonstrated promising results.",
        "Conclusions": "NF140-AN is distinct from most autoimmune conditions as it attacks NoR rather than myelin. NF140-AN should be considered in patients presenting with high-frequency action tremor and sensory ataxia that is refractory to IVIG. Determining whether NF140-AN is IgG3 or IgG4 mediated can help prognosticate speed of clinical progression. Future studies should compare efficacy of different immunomodulatory treatments in IgG3 vs. IgG4 mediated NF140-AN.",
        "Disclosures": "Rishika Cherukuru: Ms. Cherukuru has nothing to disclose.\nAli Karimi, MD: Mr. Karimi has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "NF140-AN is distinct from most autoimmune conditions as it attacks NoR rather than myelin. NF140-AN should be considered in patients presenting with high-frequency action tremor and sensory ataxia that is refractory to IVIG. Determining whether NF140-AN is IgG3 or IgG4 mediated can help prognosticate speed of clinical progression. Future studies should compare efficacy of different immunomodulatory treatments in IgG3 vs.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65157",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65157",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65158",
      "source_id": "65158",
      "abstract_number": "1-083",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-083",
      "title": "2025 U.S. Update of Meningococcal Infection Incidence & Outcomes in Eculizumab or Ravulizumab Patients with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis or Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Clinical Practice",
      "authors": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD; Shirali Pandya, PhD; Lokesh Jha, MD; Feifei Yang; Katie Gonsalves, RN; Meghana Koneru, PhD; Samirah Qureshi, MD; Cynthia Carrillo Infante, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Akpoji has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Akpoji has or had stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shirali Pandya, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shirali Pandya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Pandya has stock in Sanofi. Dr. Pandya has stock in Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lokesh Jha, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lokesh Jha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jha has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jha has or had stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Feifei Yang",
          "normalized_name": "Feifei Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Feifei Yang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Feifei Yang has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katie Gonsalves, RN",
          "normalized_name": "Katie Gonsalves",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Gonsalves has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Ms. Gonsalves has or had stock in AstraZeneca ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meghana Koneru, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Meghana Koneru",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Koneru has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samirah Qureshi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Samirah Qureshi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Qureshi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cynthia Carrillo Infante, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Cynthia Carrillo Infante",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
        "Shirali Pandya",
        "Lokesh Jha",
        "Feifei Yang",
        "Katie Gonsalves",
        "Meghana Koneru",
        "Samirah Qureshi",
        "Cynthia Carrillo Infante"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD; Shirali Pandya, PhD; Lokesh Jha, MD; Feifei Yang; Katie Gonsalves, RN; Meghana Koneru, PhD; Samirah Qureshi, MD; Cynthia Carrillo Infante, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease\nAlexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Objective": "To update U.S. exposure-adjusted Nm infection and mortality rates in eculizumab- or ravulizumab-treated patients with gMG and NMOSD using post-marketing pharmacovigilance ( Nm case counts) and commercial data (exposure).",
        "Background": "Eculizumab and ravulizumab are approved therapies for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Vaccinations and antibiotic prophylaxis are used to reduce the risk of Neisseria meningitidis ( Nm ) infection associated with these treatments.",
        "Design/Methods": "The Alexion safety database was searched for eculizumab (data cutoff: October 2025) and ravulizumab (December 2025) across approved indications (i.e., gMG, NMOSD, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome) using the MedDRA high-level term “ Neisseria infection”. Only U.S., Nm -associated cases were included. Cumulative reporting rates were calculated per 100 patient-years (PY) of exposure.",
        "Results": "By 2025, cumulative U.S. exposures reached 34,713 PY for eculizumab and 21,348 PY for ravulizumab. Cumulative U.S. Nm infection and mortality rates remained stable across indications (eculizumab: 0.14 and 0.01; ravulizumab: 0.07 and 0.01, respectively). In eculizumab-treated patients, Nm infection rates were 0.05 in gMG (9,545 PY) and 0.12 in NMOSD (2,464 PY). In ravulizumab-treated patients, corresponding rates were 0.03 (gMG; 6,522 PY) and 0.13 (NMOSD; 792 PY). No Nm -associated fatalities occurred among U.S. neurology patients despite nearly 20,000 PY of combined exposure.",
        "Conclusions": "Nm infection rates remained low and stable despite 2-3-fold increases in U.S. complement inhibitor exposure from initial gMG approvals through 2025, without Nm -related fatalities in neurology indications. These results support the effectiveness of U.S. risk mitigation strategies for the safe use of eculizumab and ravulizumab.",
        "Disclosures": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD: Dr. Akpoji has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Akpoji has or had stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease.\nShirali Pandya, PhD: Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Pandya has stock in Sanofi. Dr. Pandya has stock in Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease.\nLokesh Jha, MD: Dr. Jha has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jha has or had stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals.\nFeifei Yang: Feifei Yang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Feifei Yang has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals.\nKatie Gonsalves, RN: Ms. Gonsalves has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Ms. Gonsalves has or had stock in AstraZeneca .\nMeghana Koneru, PhD: Dr. Koneru has nothing to disclose.\nSamirah Qureshi, MD: Dr. Qureshi has nothing to disclose.\nCynthia Carrillo Infante, MD, PhD: No disclosure on file"
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Nm infection rates remained low and stable despite 2-3-fold increases in U.S. complement inhibitor exposure from initial gMG approvals through 2025, without Nm -related fatalities in neurology indications. These results support the effectiveness of U.S. risk mitigation strategies for the safe use of eculizumab and ravulizumab.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22371",
          "title": "C9 - Aquaporin-4 Antibody Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disease (NMOSD)",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22371",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Marcelo Matiello, MD, FAAN, Mallory Lowe, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the immunopathogenesis of Aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) antibody-positive Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, including the role of complement-mediated astrocytopathy; apply current diagnostic criteria for NMOSD, including appropriate use and interpretation of AQP4-IgG testing, MRI findings, and supportive clinical features; differentiate NMOSD from multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory, infectious, and vascular myelopathies based on clinical presentation, imaging, and serologic profiles; evaluate acute attack management strategies for NMOSD, including first-line use of high-dose corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and escalation approaches in refractory disease; and develop evidence-based long-term treatment plans for AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD, incorporating recently approved complement inhibitors and other targeted immunotherapies, while balancing relapse prevention and safety considerations.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65158",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65158",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 270
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65159",
      "source_id": "65159",
      "abstract_number": "1-084",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-084",
      "title": "Chronic Granulomatous Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis: A Distinct but Rare Disease",
      "authors": "Heather Yong, MD; Cailey Turner, MD; Ronak K. Kapadia, MD; Tajdin Jadavji, MD; Luis Murguía-Favela, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Heather Yong, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Heather Yong, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Heather Yong",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alberta Health Services",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yong has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cailey Turner, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Cailey Turner",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Turner has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ronak K. Kapadia, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ronak K. Kapadia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kapadia has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics/Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tajdin Jadavji, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tajdin Jadavji",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Jadavji has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luis Murguía-Favela, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Luis Murguía-Favela",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Encoded Therapeutics. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regenxbio. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BioCryst. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Grifols. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Valeo Pharma. The institution of Dr. Murguía-Favela has received research support from Jeffrey Modell Foundation. An immediate family member of Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Member of Clinical Panel with Canada Drug's Agency."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Heather Yong",
        "Cailey Turner",
        "Ronak K. Kapadia",
        "Tajdin Jadavji",
        "Luis Murguía-Favela"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alberta Health Services"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alberta Health Services"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Heather Yong, MD; Cailey Turner, MD; Ronak K. Kapadia, MD; Tajdin Jadavji, MD; Luis Murguía-Favela, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Alberta Health Services",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Chronic granulomatous herpes simplex encephalitis (CG-HSVE) is a rare complication following primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis. Herein, we highlight the extensive diagnostic workup leading to the identification of CG-HSVE, and the unique treatment approach implemented.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "Herein, we present a 13-month-old female with intractable seizures and progressive neurologic decline five months after an initial HSV encephalitis diagnosis (confirmed by PCR) and adequate prophylactic oral acyclovir treatment. Imaging demonstrated a unique and striking pattern of confluent parieto-occipital lesions with irregular nodular/gyriform enhancement and vasogenic edema. Extensive investigations culminating in a brain biopsy demonstrated chronic granulomatous encephalitis (with discrete well-formed necrotizing/non-necrotizing granulomas). HSV-1 DNA was identified in parenchymal tissue without viral inclusions or immunoreactive antigens. She was treated with acyclovir, high dose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and mycophenolate mofetil, resulting in marked clinical and radiologic improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "CG-HSVE remains a rare entity primarily presenting in the pediatric population- with only fifteen reported cases in the literature; this leads to delays in identification and variable management amongst studies. It is characterized by progressive neurological and radiographic deterioration, intractable seizures, and a characteristic MRI. In all cases, including our own, histopathology was necessary to reach a CG-HSVE diagnosis. Prognosis is variable ranging from good recovery to fatality (in four of the fifteen patients). Earlier identification and treatment are necessary given the significantly variable prognosis of this disease. CG-HSVE pathophysiology is not well understood, possibly mediated by type I interferons and inflammasome activation. Given this uncertain we argue that a two-pronged treatment approach aimed at treating both chronic HSV infection and post-infectious granulomatous inflammation is warranted.",
        "Disclosures": "Heather Yong, MD: Dr. Yong has nothing to disclose.\nCailey Turner, MD: Dr. Turner has nothing to disclose.\nRonak K. Kapadia, MD: Dr. Kapadia has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics/Amgen.\nTajdin Jadavji, MD: Prof. Jadavji has nothing to disclose.\nLuis Murguía-Favela, MD: Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Encoded Therapeutics. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regenxbio. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BioCryst. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Grifols. Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Valeo Pharma. The institution of Dr. Murguía-Favela has received research support from Jeffrey Modell Foundation. An immediate family member of Dr. Murguía-Favela has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Member of Clinical Panel with Canada Drug's Agency."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CG-HSVE remains a rare entity primarily presenting in the pediatric population- with only fifteen reported cases in the literature; this leads to delays in identification and variable management amongst studies. It is characterized by progressive neurological and radiographic deterioration, intractable seizures, and a characteristic MRI.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65159",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65159",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 263
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65160",
      "source_id": "65160",
      "abstract_number": "1-085",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-085",
      "title": "A Case Report of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Mimicking Anti-DPPX Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Kendall Gassman, Medical Student; Austin J. DeTavis, DO; Saher Choudhary, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Kendall Gassman, Medical Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kendall Gassman, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Kendall Gassman",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Gassman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Austin J. DeTavis, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Austin J. DeTavis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Prisma Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. DeTavis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Superior Biodiagnostics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saher Choudhary, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Saher Choudhary",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Choudhary has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kendall Gassman",
        "Austin J. DeTavis",
        "Saher Choudhary"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Prisma Health",
        "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Prisma Health",
        "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kendall Gassman, Medical Student; Austin J. DeTavis, DO; Saher Choudhary, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Prisma Health\nPrisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville",
        "Objective": "Studies have shown that Anti-DPPX Encephalitis (DPPXE) can mimic CJD, with the difference being DPPXE has a gastrointestinal prodrome. In this case report, a patient with CJD presents with positive serum DPPX antibodies, following a prolonged GI prodrome and weight loss.",
        "Background": "CJD shares similarities with DPPXE such as cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis. Prion disease is linked to various autoantibodies, a suspected epiphenomenon of this disease process. In our review, there were no cases correlated with co-occurrence of DPPX antibodies and a clinical presentation similar to DPPXE.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 63-year-old female with history of intermittent diarrhea and unintentional weight loss presented with involuntary movements and rapidly progressive functional and cognitive impairment over the course of one month. MRI brain on hospitalization showed asymmetric cortical ribboning in the right cerebral hemisphere and left medial parietal lobe. EEG demonstrated right posterior quadrant LPDs with occasional right frontal sharp waves. Serum studies were drawn, which revealed positive DPPX antibodies. Patient was started on lacosamide and IV Solu-Medrol due to concerns for autoimmune encephalitis. Lumbar puncture showed normal protein and leukocyte count, later indicating negative DPPX receptor antibody on CSF evaluation. In the interim, patient was transitioned off Solu-Medrol due to steroid-induced psychosis and was started on IVIG. She experienced no benefit from IVIG, which was discontinued after positive RT-QuIC result confirmed the presence of prion disease. The patient continued to experience rapid neuropsychiatric decline and was moved to comfort care. She was deceased just over two months from symptom onset.",
        "Conclusions": "Our case demonstrates the importance of considering autoantibodies as a possible epiphenomenon in the setting of clinical uncertainty between CJD and DPPXE. Given the paucity of data regarding these conditions, further studies may be warranted to optimize patient care and help expedite prognostic discussions.",
        "Disclosures": "Kendall Gassman, Medical Student: Ms. Gassman has nothing to disclose.\nAustin J. DeTavis, DO: Dr. DeTavis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Superior Biodiagnostics.\nSaher Choudhary, MD: Dr. Choudhary has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our case demonstrates the importance of considering autoantibodies as a possible epiphenomenon in the setting of clinical uncertainty between CJD and DPPXE. Given the paucity of data regarding these conditions, further studies may be warranted to optimize patient care and help expedite prognostic discussions.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65160",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65160",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 294
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65161",
      "source_id": "65161",
      "abstract_number": "1-086",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-086",
      "title": "Trends and Disparities in Encephalitis, Myelitis, and Encephalomyelitis-related Mortality in the United States, 1999-2024: A CDC WONDER Analysis",
      "authors": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS; Dileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD; Farkhanda Maqbool, MBBS; Nabiha Khan, MBBS; Nagarjuna Keshapogu, MD; Juber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology); Navjot Kaur, MBBS; Bhavya Y. Desai, MBBS; Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla; Manoj R. Pallapothu, MD; Srikar Kintali, MBBS; Athira Nair, MD; Hasmitha Gangireddy",
      "presenting_author": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anugraha Sreeram",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sreeram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dileep Raja R. Kuraku",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kuraku has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Farkhanda Maqbool, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Farkhanda Maqbool",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Maqbool has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nabiha Khan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Nabiha Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nagarjuna Keshapogu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nagarjuna Keshapogu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Keshapogu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Juber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology)",
          "normalized_name": "Juber D. Shaikh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shaikh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Navjot Kaur, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Navjot Kaur",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Bhavya Y. Desai, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Bhavya Y. Desai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. DESAI has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Atla has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manoj R. Pallapothu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Manoj R. Pallapothu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Manoj Pallapothu MD",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pallapothu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Srikar Kintali, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Srikar Kintali",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kintali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Athira Nair, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Athira Nair",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nair has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hasmitha Gangireddy",
          "normalized_name": "Hasmitha Gangireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Anugraha Sreeram",
        "Dileep Raja R. Kuraku",
        "Farkhanda Maqbool",
        "Nabiha Khan",
        "Nagarjuna Keshapogu",
        "Juber D. Shaikh",
        "Navjot Kaur",
        "Bhavya Y. Desai",
        "Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla",
        "Manoj R. Pallapothu",
        "Srikar Kintali",
        "Athira Nair",
        "Hasmitha Gangireddy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology",
        "Manoj Pallapothu MD"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology",
        "Manoj Pallapothu MD"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS; Dileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD; Farkhanda Maqbool, MBBS; Nabiha Khan, MBBS; Nagarjuna Keshapogu, MD; Juber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology); Navjot Kaur, MBBS; Bhavya Y. Desai, MBBS; Sai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla; Manoj R. Pallapothu, MD; Srikar Kintali, MBBS; Athira Nair, MD; Hasmitha Gangireddy",
        "Affiliations": "Prisma Health Richland Hospital Neurology\nManoj Pallapothu MD",
        "Objective": "To investigate long-term national trends, identify critical inflexion points, and evaluate demographic and geographic disparities in mortality rates related to encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis in the United States over a 25-year period.",
        "Background": "Encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis represent a complex spectrum of inflammatory neurological disorders with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in diagnostic capabilities and therapeutic interventions, comprehensive longitudinal analyses of national mortality trends and demographic disparities remain limited.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study using CDC WONDER data to analyse age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) and crude mortality rates related to encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis from 1999 to 2024.Joinpoint regression was utilised to identify significant inflexion points and calculate the Annual Percentage Change (APC) and Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) for each segment.",
        "Results": "Analysis of CDC WONDER data from 1999 to 2024 showed 644,142 total deaths from encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis. The national AAMR followed a U-shaped trend, dropping from 0.3832 in 1999 to 0.2796 in 2007, then rising to 0.4019 by 2024. Females saw mortality rates decline by 3.71% annually (1999-2009) before rise by 3.37% annually (2009-2024), while males experienced a 7.83% annual increase between 2015 and 2021. Black or African American populations experienced a 6.18% annual decline until 2011, followed by a 4.64% annual rise, while White populations began a 2.86% annual increase in 2009. Significant mortality reversals occurred in all groups particularly in the 85+ cohort, from 2007 to 2024. The findings indicate a shift from improving mortality to a nationwide escalation, particularly in rural areas&geriatric populations.",
        "Conclusions": "Mortality from inflammatory neurological disorders in the U.S. has swung upward again. Since the 2007-2012 period, almost every demographic and geographic group has seen a rise. The fact that rural communities and older adults are being hit hardest shows we need to focus more on these areas, improving both clinical care and facilities",
        "Disclosures": "Anugraha Sreeram, MBBS: Dr. Sreeram has nothing to disclose.\nDileep Raja R. Kuraku, MD: Dr. Kuraku has nothing to disclose.\nFarkhanda Maqbool, MBBS: Dr. Maqbool has nothing to disclose.\nNabiha Khan, MBBS: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nNagarjuna Keshapogu, MD: Mr. Keshapogu has nothing to disclose.\nJuber D. Shaikh, MD, DM (neurology): Dr. Shaikh has nothing to disclose.\nNavjot Kaur, MBBS: No disclosure on file\nBhavya Y. Desai, MBBS: Dr. DESAI has nothing to disclose.\nSai Sahithi Reddy m. Atla: Miss Atla has nothing to disclose.\nManoj R. Pallapothu, MD: Dr. Pallapothu has nothing to disclose.\nSrikar Kintali, MBBS: Dr. Kintali has nothing to disclose.\nAthira Nair, MD: Dr. Nair has nothing to disclose.\nHasmitha Gangireddy: No disclosure on file"
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Mortality from inflammatory neurological disorders in the U.S. has swung upward again. Since the 2007-2012 period, almost every demographic and geographic group has seen a rise. The fact that rural communities and older adults are being hit hardest shows we need to focus more on these areas, improving both clinical care and facilities",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65161",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65161",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 316
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65163",
      "source_id": "65163",
      "abstract_number": "1-088",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-088",
      "title": "From Tick Bite to Fatal Encephalitis: Powassan Virus in the Era of B-cell Depleting Therapy",
      "authors": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Akira Shishido; Nahid Elbaggari; Marc El Khoury, MD; Carolin Dohle, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Aiswarya Raj",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Akira Shishido",
          "normalized_name": "Akira Shishido",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Akira Shishido has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BioNTech. Akira Shishido has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Third Bridge."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nahid Elbaggari",
          "normalized_name": "Nahid Elbaggari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Nahid Elbaggari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marc El Khoury, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marc El Khoury",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. El Khoury has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Peer reviewer for the VA with IPRO."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carolin Dohle, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Carolin Dohle",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion TPharmaceuticals. Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aiswarya Raj",
        "Akira Shishido",
        "Nahid Elbaggari",
        "Marc El Khoury",
        "Carolin Dohle"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Westchester Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Westchester Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Akira Shishido; Nahid Elbaggari; Marc El Khoury, MD; Carolin Dohle, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Westchester Medical Center",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Powassan virus (POWV) is a rare but increasingly recognized tick-borne flavivirus that can lead to life-threatening encephalitis. Immunocompromised patients, particularly those on rituximab or Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitors, may experience impaired viral clearance and worsened disease severity. We report a case of fatal POWV encephalitis (POWVE) in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) on zanabrutinib.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case Presentation: A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension, thyroid cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and CLL treated with rituximab and zanabrutinib presented with four days of progressive weakness, difficulty ambulating, and a fall. He reported a tick bite 2-3 weeks prior to symptom onset. Initial examination revealed bilateral upper extremity resting tremors and a wide-based gait. Labs showed leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated creatine- kinase. The patient’s cerebellar syndrome progressed with severe dysarthria, bilateral sixth cranial nerve palsy, horizontal nystagmus, and limb ataxia. Brain MRI revealed interval T2 cerebellar hyperintensities and leptomeningeal enhancement, consistent with cerebellitis. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) showed elevated proteins (604mg/dL) and 19 lymphocytes. POWV serum IgM and total antibodies were negative, but serum, CSF and urine tested positive for POWV by PCR with prolonged viremia over several weeks. Despite treatment with dexamethasone, IVIG, and high dose remdesivir, the patient's condition worsened, and he expired.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "POWVE is an emerging disease with cases now being identified from April to December, likely due to human related changes in tick habitat and increase in ticks geographic activity. Targeted testing for POWV in patients who are on B-cell depleting therapies is important because, in addition to the poor outcome, these patients will present not only with negative serological testing but with prolonged viremia and viruria on molecular testing. Characteristic MRI findings such as signal abnormalities in the thalami, basal ganglia, brainstem, and cerebellum - should prompt high suspicion for tick-borne encephalitis.",
        "Disclosures": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS: Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose.\nAkira Shishido: Akira Shishido has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BioNTech. Akira Shishido has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Third Bridge.\nNahid Elbaggari: Nahid Elbaggari has nothing to disclose.\nMarc El Khoury, MD: Dr. El Khoury has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Peer reviewer for the VA with IPRO.\nCarolin Dohle, MD: Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion TPharmaceuticals. Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "POWVE is an emerging disease with cases now being identified from April to December, likely due to human related changes in tick habitat and increase in ticks geographic activity. Targeted testing for POWV in patients who are on B-cell depleting therapies is important because, in addition to the poor outcome, these patients will present not only with negative serological testing but with prolonged viremia and viruria on molecu…",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65163",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65163",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65164",
      "source_id": "65164",
      "abstract_number": "1-089",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-089",
      "title": "Atypical Presentations of HSV Encephalitis in a Case of Hypogammaglobulinemia: Reactive Viral Injury vs Parainfectious Encephalitis?",
      "authors": "Rui T. Tang, MD; Jonah Kuvin, DO; Elisabeth Kamano, MD; Alessandro Serra, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rui T. Tang, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rui T. Tang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rui T. Tang",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonah Kuvin, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Jonah Kuvin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Beachwood Apartments by Albion",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kuvin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elisabeth Kamano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elisabeth Kamano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kamano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alessandro Serra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alessandro Serra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Serra has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen Idec. Dr. Serra has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rui T. Tang",
        "Jonah Kuvin",
        "Elisabeth Kamano",
        "Alessandro Serra"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Beachwood Apartments by Albion",
        "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Beachwood Apartments by Albion",
        "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rui T. Tang, MD; Jonah Kuvin, DO; Elisabeth Kamano, MD; Alessandro Serra, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Beachwood Apartments by Albion\nUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
        "Objective": "We present a case of HSV-1 encephalitis in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia with coexisting parainfectious autoimmune encephalitis.",
        "Background": "In immunocompetent patients, Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSV-1) affects medial temporal, orbitofrontal, insular regions, with necrotizing hemorrhagic inflammation with CD8? T-cells, microglial nodules, viral inclusions, and B-cell infiltrates aiding viral clearance. In antibody-deficient hosts, the infection can be diffuse and prolonged with sparse B cells, dominant CD8?/macrophage inflammation, abundant viral inclusions, and persistent viral activity. Parainfectious encephalitis is a post-infectious, immune-mediated process requiring recognition for immunotherapy rather than antiviral treatment.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 48-year-old man presented with right-gaze deviation, agitation and motor seizures. Brain MRI showed left hemisphere DWI/FLAIR cortical signal changes, sparing the temporal pole and orbitofrontal cortex. CSF showed pleocytosis, elevated protein, and positive HSV-1 PCR. Autoimmune encephalitis panel and serum MOG were negative.",
        "Results": "After no clinical improvement with acyclovir treatment, further work up revealed pan-hypogammaglobulinemia and he was started on IVIG. PET scan was negative. Repeat MRI showed worsening of diffuse lentiform meningeal enhancement. Brain biopsy showed a T-cell-predominant inflammatory infiltrate, microglial activation, negative CD19, negative HSV and SV40 immunostains. Given the concern for para-infectious encephalitis, the patient received IVMP followed by high dose oral steroid taper. Patient improved radiographically and clinically, and was discharged without additional immunosuppressive medications.",
        "Conclusions": "Immunocompromised patients with HSV-1 encephalitis often show more widespread brain involvement due to impaired viral control. In our patient, lack of clinical improvement despite antiviral therapy, worsening MRI findings, CSF pleocytosis with elevated protein, and severe hypogammaglobulinemia suggested an autoimmune or T-cell-mediated encephalitis. The patient did improve after immunotherapy with IVIG and corticosteroids. Brain biopsy showed T-cell-predominant meningoencephalitis, negative for HSV without B-cell infiltrates-consistent with a T-cell-driven autoimmune process in the setting of CVID. This rare case emphasizes early recognition of post-infectious, T-cell-mediated encephalitis to guide timely immunotherapy and recovery.",
        "Disclosures": "Rui T. Tang, MD: Dr. Tang has nothing to disclose.\nJonah Kuvin, DO: Dr. Kuvin has nothing to disclose.\nElisabeth Kamano, MD: Dr. Kamano has nothing to disclose.\nAlessandro Serra, MD: Dr. Serra has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen Idec. Dr. Serra has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Immunocompromised patients with HSV-1 encephalitis often show more widespread brain involvement due to impaired viral control. In our patient, lack of clinical improvement despite antiviral therapy, worsening MRI findings, CSF pleocytosis with elevated protein, and severe hypogammaglobulinemia suggested an autoimmune or T-cell-mediated encephalitis. The patient did improve after immunotherapy with IVIG and corticosteroids.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65164",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65164",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65165",
      "source_id": "65165",
      "abstract_number": "1-090",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-090",
      "title": "Diffuse Glioma Masquerading as Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD; Michaele Garrison, DO; Torge Rempe, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mayra Montalvo Perero",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Florida",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG THERAPEUTICS. Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michaele Garrison, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Michaele Garrison",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Garrison has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Torge Rempe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Torge Rempe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Florida College of Medicine - Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rempe has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mayra Montalvo Perero",
        "Michaele Garrison",
        "Torge Rempe"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Florida",
        "University of Florida College of Medicine - Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Florida",
        "University of Florida College of Medicine - Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD; Michaele Garrison, DO; Torge Rempe, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Florida\nUniversity of Florida College of Medicine - Neurology",
        "Objective": "To describe the course of a diffuse glioma that was initially treated as seronegative autoimmune encephalitis, exemplifying potential pitfalls in autoimmune encephalitis diagnostic criteria.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) prevalence has increased in recent years due to accessibility to antibody testing, with proportionate increasing rates of misdiagnosis. Cases of misdiagnosis often fail to meet diagnostic criteria. Sensitivity and specificity depend on the diagnostic category (possible, probable, or definite). In a large real-world cohort, data suggests possible autoimmune encephalitis has sensitivity of 83% with specificity of 27%, with specificity increasing to 99% and 98% in probable and definite cases, respectively when antibody and infectious disease testing are incorporated [5]. In our case, basic diagnostic criteria was met, without seropositive antibody testing, yielding a working diagnosis of seronegative AE. Our patient presented with subacute onset of stereotyped temporal lobe seizures, memory loss, and psychiatric changes. MRI initially with asymmetric mesial temporal lobe hyperintensity and FLAIR nonsuppression. After months of escalation in immunotherapy, surveillance MRI noted diffuse glioma of the left mesial temporal lobe, definitively diagnosed via brain biopsy.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "Less than 10% of misdiagnosed AE represents cerebral neoplasms. Meanwhile, there is clear overlap in treatment, with steroids' role in symptomatic management of edema associated with CNS neoplasms, resulting in misleading responsiveness to treatment. This case sheds light on a rare but notable misdiagnosis of cerebral neoplasm as AE, and exemplifies how diagnostic criteria is more sensitive than specific, especially without confirmed antibodies. With increased prevalence of AE, we should remain wary of potential differential diagnoses that exist and may even meet diagnostic criteria. This exemplifies the level of nuance and problem solving involved in diagnosing and treating patients with complex neurological diseases, such as AE.",
        "Disclosures": "Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD: Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG THERAPEUTICS. Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN.\nMichaele Garrison, DO: Dr. Garrison has nothing to disclose.\nTorge Rempe, MD: Dr. Rempe has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Less than 10% of misdiagnosed AE represents cerebral neoplasms. Meanwhile, there is clear overlap in treatment, with steroids' role in symptomatic management of edema associated with CNS neoplasms, resulting in misleading responsiveness to treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65165",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65165",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 282
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65166",
      "source_id": "65166",
      "abstract_number": "1-091",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-091",
      "title": "A Case of Acute Cerebral Malaria with a Clinico-radiological Mismatch",
      "authors": "Nirbha Ghurye, MBBS; Natasha Hameed, MD; Omar Akhand, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Nirbha Ghurye, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nirbha Ghurye, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Nirbha Ghurye",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ghurye has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Natasha Hameed, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Natasha Hameed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Northwell Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hameed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Omar Akhand, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Omar Akhand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU Langone Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Akhand has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nirbha Ghurye",
        "Natasha Hameed",
        "Omar Akhand"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell",
        "Northwell Health",
        "NYU Langone Health"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell",
        "Northwell Health",
        "NYU Langone Health"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nirbha Ghurye, MBBS; Natasha Hameed, MD; Omar Akhand, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Zucker School of Medicine, Hofstra/Northwell\nNorthwell Health\nNYU Langone Health",
        "Objective": "To present a case of acute cerebral malaria with an unusual clinico-radiological discrepancy, in which prominent diffusion-restricted white-matter abnormalities contrasted with relatively mild neurological findings.",
        "Background": "Cerebral malaria (CM) represents the most severe neurological complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection, with clinical presentations ranging from headache and encephalopathy to seizures and coma. Adults with CM are at risk for significant multi-system involvement, including renal, hepatic, and pulmonary dysfunction.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 37-year-old man with well-controlled HIV on HAART returned from Nigeria with one week of fever and headaches. Laboratory testing revealed leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and elevated lactate. A peripheral smear demonstrated P. falciparum parasitemia of 15.7% with ring forms on Giemsa stain. He was treated with atovaquone-proguanil, followed by a course of artemether-lumefantrine. Neurologically, he exhibited fluctuating mentation characterized by irritability and slowed processing speed but no focal deficits. A non-contrast CT head demonstrated age-indeterminate lacunar infarcts. MRI brain confirmed chronic lacunar infarcts but also revealed striking bilateral, symmetric subcortical white-matter diffusion restriction without corresponding FLAIR or post-contrast abnormalities. CSF analysis was normal, with no pleocytosis, normal protein levels, and negative microbiologic PCR testing results. The autoimmune disease workup carried out was also unremarkable.",
        "Conclusions": "Cerebral malaria is an underrecognized cause of reversible neuroinflammation. Isolated subcortical white-matter diffusion restriction has been described in pediatric CM, and is often associated with milder disease and favorable outcomes. This case highlights a similar radiological pattern in an adult with only mild encephalopathy, suggesting that early antimalarial therapy and limited microvascular injury may underlie the clinico-radiological mismatch. White-matter vulnerability in CM is thought to result from reversible microvascular sequestration, cytokine-mediated inflammation, and hematologic dysfunction leading to impaired perfusion. Long-term neurological sequelae of cerebral malaria include cognitive, motor, behavioral deficits, and epilepsy. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and treatment in reducing the risk of unfavorable neurological outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Nirbha Ghurye, MBBS: Dr. Ghurye has nothing to disclose.\nNatasha Hameed, MD: Dr. Hameed has nothing to disclose.\nOmar Akhand, MD: Dr. Akhand has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Cerebral malaria is an underrecognized cause of reversible neuroinflammation. Isolated subcortical white-matter diffusion restriction has been described in pediatric CM, and is often associated with milder disease and favorable outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65166",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65166",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65167",
      "source_id": "65167",
      "abstract_number": "1-092",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-092",
      "title": "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Induced Triple-M Syndrome: A Treatment Conundrum",
      "authors": "Kasyap Kondury; Usama Khan, MD; Ashley Huh-Brown, MD; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Kasyap Kondury",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kasyap Kondury",
          "normalized_name": "Kasyap Kondury",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kasyap Kondury has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Usama Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Usama Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley Huh-Brown, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley Huh-Brown",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Huh-Brown has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Indiana University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kasyap Kondury",
        "Usama Khan",
        "Ashley Huh-Brown",
        "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kasyap Kondury; Usama Khan, MD; Ashley Huh-Brown, MD; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Indiana University",
        "Objective": "We describe a clinical case illustrating the need for standardized treatment protocols for fulminant ICI-induced Triple M syndrome.",
        "Background": "ICI-induced Triple-M syndrome is characterized by concurrent immune-mediated myositis, myocarditis, and myasthenia gravis and is an ominous adverse effect. Initial management involves steroids, but consensus guidelines for further treatment with agents like abatacept and ruxolitinib have not been established.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 68-year-old male with history of esophageal adenocarcinoma after four cycles of FLOT (fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, docetaxel) and durvalumab presented for worsening diplopia and dyspnea on exertion. He was found to have elevated troponin and creatine kinase concerning for ICI-induced myocarditis and myositis. Neurology evaluated the patient for bilateral ptosis/fatigable dysphonia with respiratory distress and diagnosed ICI-induced myasthenia with positive AChR blocking and binding antibodies. He was treated with high-dose IV methylprednisolone on day 1 with daily pyridostigmine but soon required abatacept initiation on days 3-4. Despite the combined regimen, he continued to clinically worsen and required PLEX for 5 days starting on day 4 followed by IVIG for five days starting on day 15. Abatacept was again administered on days 16 & 30. NIFs continued to worsen requiring intubation on day 33 with repeat IVIG on days 34-35. Given the overall worsening course, ruxolitinib was initiated on day 37 with limited up-titration. Despite therapy, the patient required a tracheostomy with eventual discharge to long term rehab.",
        "Conclusions": "ICI induced Triple-M syndrome is a feared adverse effect with high mortality rates. Given the patient's respiratory and neurologic decline despite acute immunotherapies and abatacept, ruxolitinib was administered though later in the clinical course. This case demonstrates not only the importance of recognizing Triple-M syndrome following immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy but also the need for standardized treatment protocols including early multimodal therapy.",
        "Disclosures": "Kasyap Kondury: Kasyap Kondury has nothing to disclose.\nUsama Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nAshley Huh-Brown, MD: Dr. Huh-Brown has nothing to disclose.\nStefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD: Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "ICI induced Triple-M syndrome is a feared adverse effect with high mortality rates. Given the patient's respiratory and neurologic decline despite acute immunotherapies and abatacept, ruxolitinib was administered though later in the clinical course.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65167",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65167",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 286
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65168",
      "source_id": "65168",
      "abstract_number": "1-093",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-093",
      "title": "Recognize, Escalate, Survive: A Rare Case of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Myasthenia Gravis, Myocarditis and Myositis Overlap Syndrome Triggered by Pembrolizumab",
      "authors": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD; Bhavya Chadalavada, MD; Anthony A. Donato, Jr., MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ritesh R. Baddam",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Baddam has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bhavya Chadalavada, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bhavya Chadalavada",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chadalavada has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anthony A. Donato, Jr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anthony A. Donato, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Donato has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ritesh R. Baddam",
        "Bhavya Chadalavada",
        "Anthony A. Donato, Jr"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD; Bhavya Chadalavada, MD; Anthony A. Donato, Jr., MD",
        "Objective": "We present a rare case of a triad of myasthenia gravis (MG), myositis, and myocarditis following a single cycle of pembrolizumab, highlighting the importance of early recognition and aggressive management of refractory neuromuscular immune-related adverse events (irAEs).",
        "Background": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed oncologic care, but their neurological complications remain underappreciated. ICI-induced myasthenia gravis (MG) is uncommon yet far more dangerous, presenting with oculo-bulbar predominance and requiring ventilatory support up to seven times more frequently. The concurrent development of myositis and myocarditis, the IM3OS triad, escalates mortality from approximately 30% to 38-60%. No prospective treatment trials exist, and clinicians must rely on retrospective data and expert consensus to guide management.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 77-year-old woman with stage IV serous endometrial carcinoma, treated with one cycle of pembrolizumab, was admitted after developing ptosis, generalized weakness, and myalgias. Examination revealed ophthalmoplegia with bilateral exotropia, fatigable extremity weakness, dysphagia, and dysarthria. MG was suspected and serial NIF and vital capacity monitoring were initiated. Despite negative acetylcholine receptor, MuSK, and LRP4 antibodies, clinical findings were consistent with ICI-induced MG. Creatine kinase peaked at 13,883 IU/L and troponin I at 15,060 ng/L, with atrioventricular conduction abnormalities and echocardiographic evidence of global left ventricular dysfunction (EF 45%), supporting the IM3OS triad. Additionally, the patient also developed ICI-induced hepatitis and destructive thyroiditis. Treatment included high-dose methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis, and rituximab. Cardiac function recovered, but refractory neuromuscular symptoms necessitated escalation to abatacept and ruxolitinib, after which the patient was discharged with gradual improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "This case illustrates a rare but life-threatening occurrence of ICI-induced multi-system immune injury, where Myasthenia gravis emerged as the most refractory component. Early recognition of the IM3OS triad, stepwise escalation of immunosuppression for refractory neuromuscular symptoms, and coordinated multidisciplinary care are essential to improving survival outcomes in this challenging syndrome.",
        "Disclosures": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD: Dr. Baddam has nothing to disclose.\nBhavya Chadalavada, MD: Dr. Chadalavada has nothing to disclose.\nAnthony A. Donato, Jr., MD: Dr. Donato has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case illustrates a rare but life-threatening occurrence of ICI-induced multi-system immune injury, where Myasthenia gravis emerged as the most refractory component. Early recognition of the IM3OS triad, stepwise escalation of immunosuppression for refractory neuromuscular symptoms, and coordinated multidisciplinary care are essential to improving survival outcomes in this challenging syndrome.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65168",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65168",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65169",
      "source_id": "65169",
      "abstract_number": "1-094",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-094",
      "title": "Relapsing CNS-restricted Autoinflammatory Demyelination Due to Complement Factor I Deficiency: A Diagnostic Odyssey in Seronegative Neuroinflammation",
      "authors": "Ning Zhong, MD; Mark Waheed, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Ning Zhong, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ning Zhong, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ning Zhong",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "KP Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zhong has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mark Waheed, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Mark Waheed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Permanente Medical Group",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Waheed has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ning Zhong",
        "Mark Waheed"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "KP Medical Center",
        "The Permanente Medical Group"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "KP Medical Center",
        "The Permanente Medical Group"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ning Zhong, MD; Mark Waheed, DO",
        "Affiliations": "KP Medical Center\nThe Permanente Medical Group",
        "Objective": "To characterize a novel CNS-restricted autoinflammatory phenotype of complement factor I ( CFI) deficiency and highlight diagnostic challenge.",
        "Background": "Relapsing CNS inflammation is typically evaluated within the frameworks of demyelination disease, or antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis. However, autoinflammatory and complement-mediated disorders are underrecognized mimics. While CFI deficiency classically presents with recurrent severe systemic infections, CNS-restricted inflammatory presentations without fulminant infection are rare.",
        "Design/Methods": "We analyzed longitudinal clinical, radiologic, lab and genetic data from a 31-year-old woman with recurrent encephalitic episodes and seizures. A focused literature review of CFI deficiency with isolated or CNS-predominant inflammation was performed.",
        "Results": "The patient initially presented in late pregnancy with aphasia, encephalopathy, seizures, multifocal T2/FLAIR abnormalities, and neutrophilic CSF pleocytosis. Over three years, she experienced recurrent flares with evolving enhancing brain lesions, refractory seizures and neurocognitive decline. Extensive infectious, autoimmune, and demyelinating evaluations were repeatedly negative. During a major exacerbation, CSF demonstrated a marked CNS-restricted cytokine storm (elevated IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), which normalized during remission. Serum studies showed persistently low C3, normal-to-high C4, and suppressed CH50. Whole-genome sequencing identified a homozygous pathogenic CFI frameshift variant (c.111dup; p.Tyr38IlefsTer8). She stabilized following targeted therapy with corticosteroids and anakinra. The literature review identified 19 reported cases of CFI deficiency featuring isolated or CNS-predominant inflammation. Spectrum diagnosis consideration included ADEM-like cerebral inflammation, acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis, relapsing CNS vasculitis-like disease and aseptic meningoencephalitis. Common hallmarks included atypical MRI abnormalities, neutrophilic or mixed CSF pleocytosis, elevated protein, absent oligoclonal bands, and-crucially-low C3 with preserved C4, reflecting alternative pathway complement dysregulation.",
        "Conclusions": "CFI deficiency can present as a relapsing, CNS-restricted autoinflammatory encephalopathy, mimicking seronegative autoimmune or atypical CNS demyelination. Unexplained recurrent neutrophilic CSF pleocytosis, atypical MRI findings, absent oligoclonal bands, and a low C3/normal C4 serum profile should prompt immediate complement and genetic testing. Early recognition enables mechanism-directed therapy and prevents prolonged reliance on empiric or nonspecific treatments.",
        "Disclosures": "Ning Zhong, MD: Dr. Zhong has nothing to disclose.\nMark Waheed, DO: Dr. Waheed has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CFI deficiency can present as a relapsing, CNS-restricted autoinflammatory encephalopathy, mimicking seronegative autoimmune or atypical CNS demyelination. Unexplained recurrent neutrophilic CSF pleocytosis, atypical MRI findings, absent oligoclonal bands, and a low C3/normal C4 serum profile should prompt immediate complement and genetic testing.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22368",
          "title": "C6 - Genetics and Neurological Autoimmunity",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22368",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Jennifer L. Orthmann Murphy, MD, PhD, E. Ann Yeh, MD, MA, FRCPC",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical, radiologic, and genetic features of adult-onset genetic central nervous system disorders, including leukodystrophies, that may mimic acquired neuroinflammatory diseases; differentiate neurological manifestations of autoinflammatory syndromes, inborn errors of immunity, and autoimmune neurological disorders to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide appropriate testing; and apply current evidence regarding the evaluation and management of neurological complications associated with genetic and immune-mediated disorders, including CTLA-4-related disease and other disorders of immune tolerance.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Advanced",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65169",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65169",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 304
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65170",
      "source_id": "65170",
      "abstract_number": "1-095",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-095",
      "title": "CSF Profile in Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Spencer Hutto, MD; Lauren Bell, MD; Danielle Pitter, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Spencer Hutto",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lauren Bell, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lauren Bell",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bell has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Danielle Pitter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Spencer Hutto",
        "Lauren Bell",
        "Danielle Pitter"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Spencer Hutto, MD; Lauren Bell, MD; Danielle Pitter, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
        "Objective": "To characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile in neurosarcoidosis and its variability across disease phenotypes.",
        "Background": "While CSF profiles in neurosarcoidosis typically include a lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and hypoglycorrhachia, it is not known if the location of inflammation influences the probability of an inflammatory profile.",
        "Design/Methods": "In this single institution, retrospective study, the CSF profiles of adult patients with definite, probable, or possible neurosarcoidosis were analyzed.",
        "Results": "35 patients (median age of onset 46 years; female 21/35; Black 27/35) were included, most of whom (31/35) had systemic sarcoidosis. Disease was most commonly localized to the cranial leptomeninges (24/35), cranial nerves (17/35), hemispheric parenchyma (12/35), spinal leptomeninges (9/35), and cranial pachymeninges (8/35). Most (26/35) had at least one routine abnormality in the CSF: pleocytosis in 20/28 (range 0-100 cells/mm3; lymphocytic in 15/20), elevated protein in 24/34 (range 16-275 mg/dL), hypoglycorrhachia in 12/34 (range 15-114 mg/dL), elevated ACE level in 4/11, and oligoclonal bands in 4/14. Phenotypes with direct CSF contact usually exhibited a pleocytosis: spinal leptomeningitis (7/7), cranial neuropathies (13/15), cranial lepto- (15/18) and pachymeningitis (5/7), and cauda equina disease (4/5). While a pleocytosis was uniform in brain parenchymal disease (hemispheric 8/9, brainstem 5/5, and cerebellar 2/2), it was less common in spinal parenchymal disease (cervical 2/5, thoracic 1/3). A pleocytosis was most commonly present with inflammation in both the cerebral and spinal compartments (8/10), rather than in isolation (cranial 12/21, spinal 0/4). Similarly, hypoglycorrhachia was most frequently present with inflammation in both compartments (8/12) compared to in isolation (cranial 4/17, spinal 0/6).",
        "Conclusions": "Inflammatory CSF profiles are more likely in phenotypes directly exposed to the CSF. Despite the lumbar location of CSF sampling, CSF inflammation was more commonly present in those with widespread inflammation and cranial phenotypes rather than ones isolated to the spinal compartment.",
        "Disclosures": "Spencer Hutto, MD: Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose.\nLauren Bell, MD: Dr. Bell has nothing to disclose.\nDanielle Pitter, MD: Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Inflammatory CSF profiles are more likely in phenotypes directly exposed to the CSF. Despite the lumbar location of CSF sampling, CSF inflammation was more commonly present in those with widespread inflammation and cranial phenotypes rather than ones isolated to the spinal compartment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65170",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65170",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 326
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65171",
      "source_id": "65171",
      "abstract_number": "1-096",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-096",
      "title": "Modified Rankin Scale Outcomes in Neurosarcoidosis: Associations with Clinical and Diagnostic Features",
      "authors": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS; Mackenzie K. Joe, BA; Chiara Scopice; Filemon C. Tan III, BS",
      "presenting_author": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rajesh K. Gupta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UTHealth",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mackenzie K. Joe, BA",
          "normalized_name": "Mackenzie K. Joe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Joe has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chiara Scopice",
          "normalized_name": "Chiara Scopice",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Scopice has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Filemon C. Tan III, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Filemon C. Tan III",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Tan has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rajesh K. Gupta",
        "Mackenzie K. Joe",
        "Chiara Scopice",
        "Filemon C. Tan III"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UTHealth"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UTHealth"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS; Mackenzie K. Joe, BA; Chiara Scopice; Filemon C. Tan III, BS",
        "Affiliations": "UTHealth",
        "Objective": "To evaluate functional outcomes in neurosarcoidosis (NS) using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and assess associations between functional outcomes in the context of clinical presentation and diagnostic findings.",
        "Background": "NS is a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis occurring in isolation or with systemic disease. No randomized controlled trials exist. Studies rely on remission, progression, or imaging, which may not capture functional disability. mRS measures functional outcomes.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively assigned mRS scores at baseline and 1 year in 50 patients with definite or probable NS (2018 Neurosarcoidosis Consortium Consensus). Associations between mRS outcomes and diagnostic (biopsy site, imaging, EEG) and clinical variables were assessed using nonparametric and categorical analyses. Logistic regression identified predictors of improvement.",
        "Results": "This study included 50 patients (mean age at diagnosis 50 years). ΔmRS ranged from -2 to +3; at 1 year, 30% improved, 54% remained stable, and 16% worsened. These findings indicate that most patients experienced stable functional status over time, with a smaller proportion demonstrating improvement or decline. Facial palsy was significantly associated with improvement, with 75% of affected patients improving compared to 21% without (Fisher’s exact p = 0.006). Diagnostic modalities (skin, lung, and brain biopsy; CT, PET, EEG) were not associated with baseline mRS, ΔmRS, or likelihood of improvement. In logistic regression, facial palsy remained independently associated with improvement (OR 11.19, p = 0.008), while brain biopsy status was not associated with outcome (OR 0.46, p = 0.343). The overall model was significant (χ² = 9.41, p = 0.009; Nagelkerke R² = 0.243), indicating moderate explanatory power.",
        "Conclusions": "Functional outcomes in NS demonstrate limited change over time and appear more closely associated with clinical phenotype than the diagnostic classification of definite or probable. Facial palsy may represent a reversible disease phenotype. These findings support mRS as a functional outcome measure and highlight the importance of clinical presentation.",
        "Disclosures": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nMackenzie K. Joe, BA: Miss Joe has nothing to disclose.\nChiara Scopice: Ms. Scopice has nothing to disclose.\nFilemon C. Tan III, BS: Mr. Tan has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Functional outcomes in NS demonstrate limited change over time and appear more closely associated with clinical phenotype than the diagnostic classification of definite or probable. Facial palsy may represent a reversible disease phenotype. These findings support mRS as a functional outcome measure and highlight the importance of clinical presentation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65171",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65171",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65172",
      "source_id": "65172",
      "abstract_number": "1-097",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-097",
      "title": "NF155 IgM-Positive Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination Presenting with a Tumefactive CNS Lesion",
      "authors": "Aatqa Memon, MD; Jacob S. Tremoulis, DO; Michael I. Nsaka, MD, PhD; Yayoi Kumata, DO; Xiaowei W. Su, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Aatqa Memon, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aatqa Memon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Aatqa Memon",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Memon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jacob S. Tremoulis, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Jacob S. Tremoulis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tremoulis has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael I. Nsaka, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael I. Nsaka",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Penn State Neuroscience Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nsaka has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yayoi Kumata, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Yayoi Kumata",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kumata has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Xiaowei W. Su, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Xiaowei W. Su",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Su has received research support from H. G. Barsumian, M.D. Memorial Fund."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aatqa Memon",
        "Jacob S. Tremoulis",
        "Michael I. Nsaka",
        "Yayoi Kumata",
        "Xiaowei W. Su"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah Medical Center",
        "Penn State Neuroscience Institute",
        "Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah Medical Center",
        "Penn State Neuroscience Institute",
        "Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aatqa Memon, MD; Jacob S. Tremoulis, DO; Michael I. Nsaka, MD, PhD; Yayoi Kumata, DO; Xiaowei W. Su, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah Medical Center\nPenn State Neuroscience Institute\nPenn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is a rare entity with T2 hyperintense lesions in the central nervous system alongside electrodiagnostic evidence of peripheral nerve demyelination. Antibody testing for neurofascin-155 (NF155), NF140, NF186, contactin 1/2, and CASPR1/2 is recommended. We present a case of NF155 IgM-positive / IgG-negative CCPD associated with tumefactive CNS lesion.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 55-year-old woman developed slow progressive weakness and numbness in the distal upper and lower extremities. Local workup was negative and she presented at 63-years-old to our tertiary academic center, wheelchair bound. Nerve conduction studies showed globally absent sensory and motor nerve responses with predominantly chronic denervation on electromyography, supporting a clinical diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Prior to initiation of IVIg, she developed acute left-sided weakness and numbness. MRI revealed new T2 hyperintense right thalamic lesion with restricted diffusion and rim enhancement, raising concern for glioma vs tumefactive demyelination. Autoantibody testing revealed positive NF155 IgM and NF140 IgM, with negative IgG and IgG4 antibodies. Serial imaging demonstrated cranial nerve enhancement, periventricular and subcortical T2 lesions, and diffuse thickening of thoracic and lumbar spinal roots consistent with CCPD. Lumbar puncture showed albuminocytologic dissociation. Brain biopsy, PET/CT scan, and serologic testing were negative for alternative diagnoses. IVIg and steroid therapy yielded improved strength and functional status with decreased CNS lesion. Interval EMG/NCS after maintenance IVIg therapy is pending.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "This case illustrates CCPD presenting initially as CIDP with subsequent tumefactive CNS involvement years later, consistent with the timeframe between peripheral and central involvement reported in NF-positive CCPD. Most cases of NF-positive CCPD are IgG/IgG4-positive, and IgM-positive / IgG-negative cases are rare, as is NF-positive CCPD with tumefactive CNS lesions. Further studies are needed to clarify the diagnostic and clinical spectrum of NF-positive CCPD, and optimal clinical management.",
        "Disclosures": "Aatqa Memon, MD: Dr. Memon has nothing to disclose.\nJacob S. Tremoulis, DO: Dr. Tremoulis has nothing to disclose.\nMichael I. Nsaka, MD, PhD: Dr. Nsaka has nothing to disclose.\nYayoi Kumata, DO: Dr. Kumata has nothing to disclose.\nXiaowei W. Su, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Su has received research support from H. G. Barsumian, M.D. Memorial Fund."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case illustrates CCPD presenting initially as CIDP with subsequent tumefactive CNS involvement years later, consistent with the timeframe between peripheral and central involvement reported in NF-positive CCPD. Most cases of NF-positive CCPD are IgG/IgG4-positive, and IgM-positive / IgG-negative cases are rare, as is NF-positive CCPD with tumefactive CNS lesions.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65172",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65172",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65173",
      "source_id": "65173",
      "abstract_number": "1-098",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-098",
      "title": "Primary Intraventricular Rosai-Dorfman Disease Mimicking an Inflammatory CNS Mass",
      "authors": "Anish Natarajan; YERRAGUNTA THIRUMAL, MS MCH",
      "presenting_author": "Anish Natarajan",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Anish Natarajan",
          "normalized_name": "Anish Natarajan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Natarajan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "YERRAGUNTA THIRUMAL, MS MCH",
          "normalized_name": "YERRAGUNTA THIRUMAL",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. THIRUMAL has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Anish Natarajan",
        "YERRAGUNTA THIRUMAL"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Anish Natarajan; YERRAGUNTA THIRUMAL, MS MCH",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by painless cervical lymphadenopathy but may rarely involve the central nervous system (CNS). Isolated intraventricular involvement is exceptionally rare and may clinically and radiographically mimic primary brain tumors or inflammatory pseudotumor syndromes encountered in autoimmune neurology practice.",
        "Design/Methods": "[Case Presentation] A 19-year-old male without significant medical history developed progressive holocranial headache with nausea and vomiting over 10 months, though neurologic examination revealed no focal deficits. Advanced neuroimaging identified a well-circumscribed intraventricular mass occupying the temporal and occipital horns of the left lateral ventricle measuring 5 × 4 × 5.1 cm with perilesional edema, sulcal effacement, ipsilateral ventricular compression, and 10 mm rightward midline shift, accompanied by a separate extraconal orbital lesion. Following left temporoparietal craniotomy with complete surgical resection, histopathologic analysis revealed characteristic sheets of histiocytes exhibiting abundant vacuolated cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei, focal emperipolesis, and admixed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with Touton-type giant cells. Immunohistochemical profiling demonstrated CD68+, CD163+, factor XIIIa+, patchy S100 positivity, and CD1a negativity, with absence of BRAF V600E mutation and low IgG4:IgG ratio, establishing the diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease and excluding juvenile xanthogranuloma.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "Primary intraventricular RDD represents an uncommon manifestation and may closely mimic neoplastic or autoimmune inflammatory CNS lesions. Recognition of characteristic histopathologic and immunophenotypic features is essential for accurate diagnosis. The present case underscores the critical importance of including intraventricular Rosai-Dorfman disease in the differential diagnosis when evaluating young patients with chronic progressive headache and imaging findings of intraventricular mass lesions with associated mass effect.",
        "Disclosures": "Anish Natarajan: Mr. Natarajan has nothing to disclose.\nYERRAGUNTA THIRUMAL, MS MCH: Dr. THIRUMAL has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Primary intraventricular RDD represents an uncommon manifestation and may closely mimic neoplastic or autoimmune inflammatory CNS lesions. Recognition of characteristic histopathologic and immunophenotypic features is essential for accurate diagnosis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65173",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65173",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 252
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65174",
      "source_id": "65174",
      "abstract_number": "1-099",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-099",
      "title": "Familial HLH Presenting as a CLIPPERS Phenotype in Two Pediatric Patients: A Case Series",
      "authors": "Karla Salazar, MD; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Nikita Shukla, MD; Daniel Calame, MD, PhD; Kristen Fisher, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Karla Salazar, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Karla Salazar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Karla Salazar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Salazar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Sandweiss",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nikita Shukla, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nikita Shukla",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "BCM",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Shukla has received research support from Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel Calame, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel Calame",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine, Child Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Calame has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristen Fisher, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Kristen Fisher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Karla Salazar",
        "Alexander Sandweiss",
        "Nikita Shukla",
        "Daniel Calame",
        "Kristen Fisher"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Baylor College of Medicine",
        "BCM",
        "Baylor College of Medicine, Child Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Baylor College of Medicine",
        "BCM",
        "Baylor College of Medicine, Child Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Karla Salazar, MD; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Nikita Shukla, MD; Daniel Calame, MD, PhD; Kristen Fisher, DO",
        "Affiliations": "Baylor College of Medicine\nBCM\nBaylor College of Medicine, Child Neurology",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is a rare neuroinflammatory syndrome most commonly described in middle-aged adults, though it can occur in children. Its etiology remains unknown, and diagnosis is challenging due to lack of a specific biomarker. Patients commonly present with gait ataxia, speech disturbances, cognitive impairment, diplopia, and demonstrate a marked response to steroid therapy. Characteristic MRI findings include pontine and cerebellar nodules with gadolinium enhancement. Here, we present two patients initially diagnosed with CLIPPERS, ultimately found to have familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) from biallelic mutations in RAB27A and PRF1 , respectively.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case Series.",
        "Results": "A previously healthy 6-year-old female presented with decreased speech, ataxia, and headache following a viral infection. Imaging demonstrated acute cerebellitis, ventriculomegaly, and acute hydrocephalus. She initially improved with high-dose steroids but relapsed after tapering. Despite improvement on tocilizumab, she continued to relapse. Brain biopsy was consistent with CLIPPERS; however, genetic evaluation revealed biallelic pathogenic mutations in RAB27A , consistent with Griscelli Syndrome type 2 and HLH. She responded well to intrathecal chemotherapy and is planned for a hemopoietic stem cell transplant. Similarly, a 9-year-old male presented with slurred speech, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia with imaging and pathology suggestive of CLIPPERS. His course was complicated by years of relapsing disease. Ultimately, genetic testing revealed biallelic PRF1 mutations, confirming familial HLH. He underwent several treatments, including intrathecal chemotherapy, but ultimately died from progressive neurologic decline.",
        "Conclusions": "Although both patients had clinical and radiological findings consistent with CLIPPERS, and lacked prior symptoms of systemic HLH, their diagnoses were revised after genetic evaluation. These cases highlight the importance of considering familial HLH in patients with CLIPPERS-like presentations. Early genetic testing is critical, as HLH-directed therapy, including chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, may be lifesaving.",
        "Disclosures": "Karla Salazar, MD: Dr. Salazar has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD: Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose.\nNikita Shukla, MD: The institution of Dr. Shukla has received research support from Roche.\nDaniel Calame, MD, PhD: Dr. Calame has nothing to disclose.\nKristen Fisher, DO: Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Although both patients had clinical and radiological findings consistent with CLIPPERS, and lacked prior symptoms of systemic HLH, their diagnoses were revised after genetic evaluation. These cases highlight the importance of considering familial HLH in patients with CLIPPERS-like presentations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65174",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65174",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 290
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65175",
      "source_id": "65175",
      "abstract_number": "1-100",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-100",
      "title": "Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination in the Context of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia",
      "authors": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor, MD; Ashley E. Aaroe, MD; Shekhar Khanpara",
      "presenting_author": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Oguejiofor has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley E. Aaroe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley E. Aaroe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "MD Anderson Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aaroe has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Delphi Panel Consultant with Advi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shekhar Khanpara",
          "normalized_name": "Shekhar Khanpara",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Shekhar Khanpara has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor",
        "Ashley E. Aaroe",
        "Shekhar Khanpara"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "MD Anderson Cancer Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "MD Anderson Cancer Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor, MD; Ashley E. Aaroe, MD; Shekhar Khanpara",
        "Affiliations": "MD Anderson Cancer Center",
        "Objective": "We report the first described case of seronegative combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) in the setting of untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and successful treatment with dual-indication B-cell depleting therapy.",
        "Background": "CCPD has been used to describe an uncommon syndrome where demyelinating lesions are seen concurrently or in rapid sequence in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. The pathophysiology underlying this disorder, and particularly cases arising in the context of cancer, has not been fully defined. CLL is associated with immune dysregulation and autoimmune phenomena.",
        "Design/Methods": "Not applicable",
        "Results": "A 57-year-old man with untreated CLL developed progressive lower extremity weakness and was diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (CIDP). After an initial response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and steroids, over several months his neuropathy rapidly worsened, and he was found to have an expansile ring-enhancing cerebellar mass. Brain biopsy and cerebrospinal fluid testing showed no definitive evidence of CLL involvement and were consistent with demyelination. Extensive antibody testing was negative. He underwent plasmapheresis followed by dual-indication obinutuzumab B-cell depleting therapy. The patient experienced marked clinical and radiographic improvement over the following months.",
        "Conclusions": "Seronegative CCPD in the context of hematologic malignancy has not previously been reported. This case expands the spectrum of neurological complications in CLL beyond the established association with CIDP. B-cell depletion with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity may be beneficial in patients with both oncologic and neurologic indications.",
        "Disclosures": "Adaadinchezo Oguejiofor, MD: Dr. Oguejiofor has nothing to disclose.\nAshley E. Aaroe, MD: Dr. Aaroe has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Delphi Panel Consultant with Advi.\nShekhar Khanpara: Shekhar Khanpara has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Seronegative CCPD in the context of hematologic malignancy has not previously been reported. This case expands the spectrum of neurological complications in CLL beyond the established association with CIDP. B-cell depletion with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity may be beneficial in patients with both oncologic and neurologic indications.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65175",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65175",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 228
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65176",
      "source_id": "65176",
      "abstract_number": "1-001",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-001",
      "title": "Miv-cel CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy Shows Efficacy and Safety in Stiff Person Syndrome in a Pivotal, Multicenter, Phase 2 Study (KYSA-8)",
      "authors": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Usama Gergis, MD; Jonathan Gutman; Saad Kenderian, MD; Mallory Lowe, MD; Sadie Eggmann; Andrew McKeon, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Goran Rakocevic, MD, FAAN; Jessica Yi, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Justin Chou, PhD; Xue Han; John Sun, PhD; Shouvonik Sengupta, PhD; Ryan Tooker; Aditi Mehta; Dena Grayson, MD; Naji Gehchan; Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda L. Piquet",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Usama Gergis, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Usama Gergis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Autolus. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Incyte. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Kite. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Jazz."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Gutman",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Gutman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Jonathan Gutman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saad Kenderian, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Saad Kenderian",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Kenderian has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis, Kite, Capstan, Luminary, Humanigen/Taran. Prof. Kenderian has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Carisma, Humanigen/Taran . The institution of Prof. Kenderian has received research support from Kite/Gilead, Novartis. BMS, Lentigen, Tolero/Sumitomo, Sunesis/Viracta, LeahLabs, Morphosys. Prof. Kenderian has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mallory Lowe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mallory Lowe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lowe has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sadie Eggmann",
          "normalized_name": "Sadie Eggmann",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Sadie Eggmann has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Goran Rakocevic, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Goran Rakocevic",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Thomas Jefferson University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rakocevic has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jessica Yi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jessica Yi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Scott D. Newsome",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Justin Chou, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Justin Chou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Chou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Xue Han",
          "normalized_name": "Xue Han",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Xue Han has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna. The institution of Xue Han has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Sun, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John Sun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sun has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shouvonik Sengupta, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shouvonik Sengupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sengupta has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics. An immediate family member of Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ryan Tooker",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan Tooker",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tooker has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Prothena Biosciences, Inc. Dr. Tooker has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc. Dr. Tooker has or had stock in Prothena Biosciences, Inc.Dr. Tooker has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aditi Mehta",
          "normalized_name": "Aditi Mehta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mehta has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Mehta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Atara Biotherapeutics. Dr. Mehta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics.Dr. Mehta has or had stock in Atara Biotherapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dena Grayson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dena Grayson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Grayson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naji Gehchan",
          "normalized_name": "Naji Gehchan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Tx. Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Eli Lilly. Dr. Gehchan has stock in Eli Lilly."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Marinos C. Dalakas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Thomas Jefferson University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amanda L. Piquet",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Usama Gergis",
        "Jonathan Gutman",
        "Saad Kenderian",
        "Mallory Lowe",
        "Sadie Eggmann",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Goran Rakocevic",
        "Jessica Yi",
        "Scott D. Newsome",
        "Justin Chou",
        "Xue Han",
        "John Sun",
        "Shouvonik Sengupta",
        "Ryan Tooker",
        "Aditi Mehta",
        "Dena Grayson",
        "Naji Gehchan",
        "Marinos C. Dalakas"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Colorado",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Neurology",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Colorado",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Neurology",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Usama Gergis, MD; Jonathan Gutman; Saad Kenderian, MD; Mallory Lowe, MD; Sadie Eggmann; Andrew McKeon, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Goran Rakocevic, MD, FAAN; Jessica Yi, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Justin Chou, PhD; Xue Han; John Sun, PhD; Shouvonik Sengupta, PhD; Ryan Tooker; Aditi Mehta; Dena Grayson, MD; Naji Gehchan; Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Colorado\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nThomas Jefferson University\nThomas Jefferson University, Department of Neurology\nJohns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of miv-cel (mivocabtagene autoleucel; formerly KYV-101) in patients with stiff person syndrome (SPS) in the pivotal, multicenter, phase 2 study, KYSA-8 (NCT06588491).",
        "Background": "SPS is a progressive, autoimmune neurologic disease characterized by muscle stiffness and painful spasms, leading to substantial disability. Miv-cel is a fully human, autologous CD19 CAR T-cell therapy with CD28 co-stimulation that showed durable clinical benefit on a named-patient basis in SPS and other autoimmune diseases.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adults with SPS with inadequate response to immunomodulatory therapies received low-dose lymphodepletion (fludarabine 30 mg/m 2 /day, cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m 2 /day; 3 days) followed by a single infusion of miv-cel (1×10 8 CAR T cells). Primary endpoints were the change from baseline to week 16 in the timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) and safety. Secondary endpoints were modified Rankin scale, stiffness index, heightened sensitivity scale, and Hauser ambulation index. Exploratory endpoints included pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, and biomarkers.",
        "Results": "Twenty-six patients were treated. Median follow-up was 6.5 months (range, 4.4-12.2). The primary efficacy endpoint was met, with significant improvement (p=0.0003) in T25FW of median -4.8 seconds (IQR, -11.9, -2.5; 45.6% median improvement) at week 16. At week 24, improvement was sustained (median 44.4%) among 16 patients who reached the timepoint. All secondary efficacy endpoints showed significant week 16 improvements (p<0.0001). The most common Grade 3/4 related adverse event was neutropenia (15.4%). Low-grade cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome occurred in 92.3% (38.5% Grade 1; 53.8% Grade 2) and 11.5% (Grade 1) of patients, respectively; all resolved without sequalae. Deep B-cell depletion was observed, associated with immune reset. At last follow-up, all patients remained free of immunomodulatory therapies for SPS.",
        "Conclusions": "A single dose of miv-cel resulted in immunotherapy-free remissions with a consistent, well-tolerated safety profile, demonstrating a highly effective therapy with the potential for durable remissions in SPS. Long-term follow-up is ongoing.",
        "Disclosures": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nUsama Gergis, MD: Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Autolus. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Incyte. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Kite. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Prof. Gergis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Jazz.\nJonathan Gutman: Jonathan Gutman has nothing to disclose.\nSaad Kenderian, MD: Prof. Kenderian has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis, Kite, Capstan, Luminary, Humanigen/Taran. Prof. Kenderian has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Carisma, Humanigen/Taran . The institution of Prof. Kenderian has received research support from Kite/Gilead, Novartis. BMS, Lentigen, Tolero/Sumitomo, Sunesis/Viracta, LeahLabs, Morphosys. Prof. Kenderian has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nMallory Lowe, MD: Dr. Lowe has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics.\nSadie Eggmann: Sadie Eggmann has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nGoran Rakocevic, MD, FAAN: Dr. Rakocevic has nothing to disclose.\nJessica Yi, MD: Dr. Yi has nothing to disclose.\nScott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN: Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche.\nJustin Chou, PhD: Dr. Chou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Chou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nXue Han: Xue Han has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna. The institution of Xue Han has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna.\nJohn Sun, PhD: Dr. Sun has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.\nShouvonik Sengupta, PhD: Dr. Sengupta has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics. An immediate family member of Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics.\nRyan Tooker: Dr. Tooker has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Prothena Biosciences, Inc. Dr. Tooker has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc. Dr. Tooker has or had stock in Prothena Biosciences, Inc.Dr. Tooker has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.\nAditi Mehta: Dr. Mehta has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Mehta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Atara Biotherapeutics. Dr. Mehta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics.Dr. Mehta has or had stock in Atara Biotherapeutics.\nDena Grayson, MD: Dr. Grayson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics.\nNaji Gehchan: Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Tx. Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Eli Lilly. Dr. Gehchan has stock in Eli Lilly.\nMarinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "A single dose of miv-cel resulted in immunotherapy-free remissions with a consistent, well-tolerated safety profile, demonstrating a highly effective therapy with the potential for durable remissions in SPS. Long-term follow-up is ongoing.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22379",
          "title": "C16 - Autoimmune Movement Disorders",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22379",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Andrew McKeon, MD, Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiologic mechanisms of autoimmune movement disorders, including IgLON5 disease and stiff-person spectrum disorders; differentiate autoimmune movement disorders from neurodegenerative, functional, infectious, and other neurological conditions that may present with abnormal movements; and apply evidence-based diagnostic and treatment strategies for patients with suspected autoimmune movement disorders, incorporating current advances in antibody testing, neuroimaging, and immunotherapy.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65176",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65176",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 326
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65177",
      "source_id": "65177",
      "abstract_number": "1-002",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-002",
      "title": "Sustained Minimal Symptom Expression in Generalised Myasthenia Gravis: A 120-week Post Hoc Analysis of RAISE-XT",
      "authors": "Mariko Kobayashi, PhD; Saskia Bresch, MD; Miriam L. Freimer, MD, FAAN; Channa A. Hewamadduma, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, MSc; Raul Juntas-Morales, MD; Maria I. Leite, MD; Angelina H. Maniaol, MD; Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD; Tuan H. Vu, MD; Michael D. Weiss, MD, FAAN; Babak Boroojerdi, MD; Fiona Grimson; Natasa Savic; James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Mariko Kobayashi, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mariko Kobayashi, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Mariko Kobayashi",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Rockefeller University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kobayashi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saskia Bresch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Saskia Bresch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Chu Pasteur",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bresch has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Miriam L. Freimer, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Miriam L. Freimer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Ohio State University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for alexion. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for J and J. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Alnylum. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Janssen. Dr. Freimer has received research support from Avidity. Dr. Freimer has received research support from Fulcrum. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Dept of defense. The institution of an immediate family member of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Abcurro. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a presentations/teaching with UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Channa A. Hewamadduma, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Channa A. Hewamadduma",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Royal Hallamshire Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ARENX. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BIOGEN. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. The institution of Dr. Hewamadduma has received research support from Neurocare . The institution of Dr. Hewamadduma has received research support from Sheffield Charitable Trust. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Adult Expert with National Health Service England (NHSE)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Raul Juntas-Morales, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Raul Juntas-Morales",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Juntas-Morales has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria I. Leite, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria I. Leite",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon / Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela/Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Myaware. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from UCB - Ra Pharma. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Muscular Dystrophy UK."
        },
        {
          "name": "Angelina H. Maniaol, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Angelina H. Maniaol",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from ALS patient organization Alltid litt sterkere. The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from Helse Sør-Øst RHF . The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from ALS patient organization Stiftelsen ALS Norge."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hanamaki General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela Bio. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubisi Tanabe pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion phama. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Japan Blood Products Organization. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tuan H. Vu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tuan H. Vu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of South Florida",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael D. Weiss, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael D. Weiss",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Washington Medical Center, Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB-RA. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Soleo. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cytokinetics. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Babak Boroojerdi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Babak Boroojerdi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCB Biosciences GmbH",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Boroojerdi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Biosciences. Dr. Boroojerdi has stock in UCB Biosciences."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fiona Grimson",
          "normalized_name": "Fiona Grimson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Fiona Grimson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Pharma. Fiona Grimson has stock in UCB Pharma."
        },
        {
          "name": "Natasa Savic",
          "normalized_name": "Natasa Savic",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCB",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Savic has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "James F. Howard, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx . Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN (Horizon Therapeutics). Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biohaven Ltd. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck EMD Serono. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for H. Lundbeck A/S. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Seismic Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Academic CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PeerView CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Platform Q CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MJH LifeSci. Dr. Howard has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Pfizer dividends. An immediate family member of Dr. Howard has or had stock in GlaxoSmithKline dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Bristol Myer Squbb dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in AbbieVie Inc. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from argenx . The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from UCB Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Centers for Disease Control/Research Triangle Institute. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Cartestian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Merck EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisiory Board member, Committee member with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Committee member with American Assoc Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mariko Kobayashi",
        "Saskia Bresch",
        "Miriam L. Freimer",
        "Channa A. Hewamadduma",
        "Raul Juntas-Morales",
        "Maria I. Leite",
        "Angelina H. Maniaol",
        "Kimiaki Utsugisawa",
        "Tuan H. Vu",
        "Michael D. Weiss",
        "Babak Boroojerdi",
        "Fiona Grimson",
        "Natasa Savic",
        "James F. Howard, Jr"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Rockefeller University",
        "Chu Pasteur",
        "The Ohio State University",
        "Royal Hallamshire Hospital",
        "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
        "Hanamaki General Hospital",
        "University of South Florida",
        "University of Washington Medical Center, Department of Neurology",
        "UCB Biosciences GmbH",
        "UCB",
        "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Rockefeller University",
        "Chu Pasteur",
        "The Ohio State University",
        "Royal Hallamshire Hospital",
        "Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford",
        "Hanamaki General Hospital",
        "University of South Florida",
        "University of Washington Medical Center, Department of Neurology",
        "UCB Biosciences GmbH",
        "UCB",
        "The University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mariko Kobayashi, PhD; Saskia Bresch, MD; Miriam L. Freimer, MD, FAAN; Channa A. Hewamadduma, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, MSc; Raul Juntas-Morales, MD; Maria I. Leite, MD; Angelina H. Maniaol, MD; Kimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD; Tuan H. Vu, MD; Michael D. Weiss, MD, FAAN; Babak Boroojerdi, MD; Fiona Grimson; Natasa Savic; James F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Rockefeller University\nChu Pasteur\nThe Ohio State University\nRoyal Hallamshire Hospital\nNuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences - University of Oxford\nHanamaki General Hospital\nUniversity of South Florida\nUniversity of Washington Medical Center, Department of Neurology\nUCB Biosciences GmbH\nUCB\nThe University of North Carolina, Dept of Neurology, CB 7025",
        "Objective": "To assess the durability of minimal symptom expression (MSE) response during treatment with zilucoplan, a complement component 5 inhibitor, in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis (gMG) in the RAISE-XT (NCT04225871) study.",
        "Background": "MSE, defined as a Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-‍ADL) score of 0 or 1, is a rigorous measure of therapeutic efficacy in myasthenia gravis. RAISE-XT is a Phase 3, open-label extension study of zilucoplan.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adults with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive gMG who completed a qualifying double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT03315130/NCT04115293 [RAISE]) could opt to enter RAISE-XT and self-administer once-daily subcutaneous injections of zilucoplan 0.3 mg/kg. The cumulative proportion of patients who achieved MSE (MG-ADL score of 0 or 1 without rescue therapy) at any time during zilucoplan treatment up to Week 120 and the proportion of time spent in MSE up to Week 120 were assessed post hoc (interim data cut-off: November 11, 2023).",
        "Results": "Of 200 patients enrolled in RAISE-XT, 183 received zilucoplan 0.3 mg/kg or placebo in the double-blind studies. The cumulative proportion of patients who achieved MSE at any time from the start of zilucoplan treatment up to Week 120 in the zilucoplan 0.3 mg/kg/zilucoplan 0.3 mg/kg and placebo/zilucoplan 0.3 mg/kg groups was 61% and 64%, respectively. After first achieving MSE during zilucoplan treatment, patients maintained their MSE response for a median (range) of 80.8% (0.8-100.0%) of their remaining time in the study up to Week 120. Treatment-emergent adverse events were experienced by 97.0% (n=194/200) of patients; most were mild or moderate.",
        "Conclusions": "Zilucoplan demonstrated sustained efficacy, as shown by maintenance of MSE response up to 120 weeks of treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Mariko Kobayashi, PhD: Dr. Kobayashi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB.\nSaskia Bresch, MD: Dr. Bresch has nothing to disclose.\nMiriam L. Freimer, MD, FAAN: Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for alexion. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for J and J. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Alnylum. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Janssen. Dr. Freimer has received research support from Avidity. Dr. Freimer has received research support from Fulcrum. The institution of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Dept of defense. The institution of an immediate family member of Dr. Freimer has received research support from Abcurro. Dr. Freimer has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a presentations/teaching with UCB.\nChanna A. Hewamadduma, MBBS, PhD, FRCP, MSc: Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ARENX. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BIOGEN. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. The institution of Dr. Hewamadduma has received research support from Neurocare . The institution of Dr. Hewamadduma has received research support from Sheffield Charitable Trust. Dr. Hewamadduma has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Adult Expert with National Health Service England (NHSE).\nRaul Juntas-Morales, MD: Dr. Juntas-Morales has nothing to disclose.\nMaria I. Leite, MD: The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon / Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela/Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Leite has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Myaware. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from UCB - Ra Pharma. The institution of Dr. Leite has received research support from Non-Profit Organization - Muscular Dystrophy UK.\nAngelina H. Maniaol, MD: Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Maniaol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from ALS patient organization Alltid litt sterkere. The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from Helse Sør-Øst RHF . The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Maniaol has received research support from ALS patient organization Stiftelsen ALS Norge.\nKimiaki Utsugisawa, MD, PhD: Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viela Bio. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mitsubisi Tanabe pharma. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion phama. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Japan Blood Products Organization. Dr. Utsugisawa has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB.\nTuan H. Vu, MD: Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive.\nMichael D. Weiss, MD, FAAN: Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB-RA. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Soleo. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cytokinetics. Dr. Weiss has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi.\nBabak Boroojerdi, MD: Dr. Boroojerdi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Biosciences. Dr. Boroojerdi has stock in UCB Biosciences.\nFiona Grimson: Fiona Grimson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Pharma. Fiona Grimson has stock in UCB Pharma.\nNatasa Savic: Mrs. Savic has nothing to disclose.\nJames F. Howard, Jr., MD, FAAN: Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx . Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN (Horizon Therapeutics). Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biohaven Ltd. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck EMD Serono. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for H. Lundbeck A/S. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Seismic Therapeutics. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Academic CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PeerView CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Platform Q CME. Dr. Howard has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MJH LifeSci. Dr. Howard has or had stock in Johnson & Johnson dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Pfizer dividends. An immediate family member of Dr. Howard has or had stock in GlaxoSmithKline dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in Bristol Myer Squbb dividends.Dr. Howard has or had stock in AbbieVie Inc. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from argenx . The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from UCB Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Centers for Disease Control/Research Triangle Institute. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Cartestian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Merck EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Howard has received research support from Vor Biopharma. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisiory Board member, Committee member with Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Howard has a non-compensated relationship as a Committee member with American Assoc Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Zilucoplan demonstrated sustained efficacy, as shown by maintenance of MSE response up to 120 weeks of treatment.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22367",
          "title": "C5 - Inflammatory Myopathies and Autoimmune Neuromuscular Junction Disorders",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22367",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by educational grants from Alexion Pharmaceuticals and argenx US Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Thomas E. Lloyd, MD, PhD, Ericka P. Greene, MD, FAAN",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify the clinical features, electrophysiologic findings, and serologic markers that aid in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders and inflammatory myopathies; apply current diagnostic criteria and testing strategies to differentiate inflammatory myopathies from other causes of muscle weakness and neuromuscular dysfunction; and evaluate evidence-based treatment options for inflammatory myopathies, including immunomodulatory therapies, and develop individualized management plans based on disease subtype, severity, and patient-specific factors.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65177",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65177",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 282
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65178",
      "source_id": "65178",
      "abstract_number": "1-003",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-003",
      "title": "The ExTINGUISH Modified Rankin ScaleA Comprehensive Functional Outcome Measure for Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Ka-Ho Wong; Gregory S. Day, MD, MSc, FAAN; James C. Torner, PhD; Christopher Coffey, PhD, FAAN; David B. Clifford, MD, FAAN; Ursula Utz; Eric Klawiter, MD, FAAN; J. R. Singleton, MD; Dixie J. Ecklund, RN; David Klements, MS; Michele Costigan, RN; Erin Steinhart, MA; Brenda Pearson; Christina Desir, RN, Project Manager; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Ka-Ho Wong",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gregory S. Day, MD, MSc, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Gregory S. Day",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys Therapeutics. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for DynaMed (EBSCO Health). Dr. Day has or had stock in ANI Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from National Institutes of Health / NIA. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from National Institutes of Health / NINDS. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from Amgen Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from AVID Radiopharmaceuticals. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Presenter at Annual Meeting (CME) with American Academy of Neurology. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Content Development (CME) with PeerView, Inc. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Content Development (CME) with Continuing Education, Inc. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Content Development (CME) with Ionis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Educational Case Development + Presentation (video) with PeerDirect (P\\S\\L Group). Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Content Development / Presentation (non-CME) with MJH Life Sciences (NeurologyLive). Dr. Day has a non-compensated relationship as a Clinical Director with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "James C. Torner, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "James C. Torner",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Iowa",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Torner has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher Coffey, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher Coffey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Iowa",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Coffey has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Heart Association. The institution of Dr. Coffey has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Coffey has received research support from Michael J Fox Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "David B. Clifford, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "David B. Clifford",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Washington University School of Med",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Excision BioTherapeutics. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Seagen. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CellEvolve. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Wave Life Sciences. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Atara Biotherapeuitics. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Teva. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity (Medpace). Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Clifford has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ursula Utz",
          "normalized_name": "Ursula Utz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ursula Utz has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric Klawiter, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eric Klawiter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Galen/Atlantica. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Banner Life Sciences. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Greenwich Biosciences. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for OM1. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Klawiter has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Klawiter has received research support from Abbvie. The institution of Dr. Klawiter has received research support from Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "J. R. Singleton, MD",
          "normalized_name": "J. R. Singleton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Singleton has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dixie J. Ecklund, RN",
          "normalized_name": "Dixie J. Ecklund",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Iowa",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Ms. Ecklund has received research support from NIH. The institution of Ms. Ecklund has received research support from Michael J. Fox Foundation. Ms. Ecklund has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Scientific Review Board with Department of Defense. Ms. Ecklund has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant with Northwestern University."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Klements, MS",
          "normalized_name": "David Klements",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Klements has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michele Costigan, RN",
          "normalized_name": "Michele Costigan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Iowa College of Public Health",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Costigan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Erin Steinhart, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Erin Steinhart",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Steinhart has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Brenda Pearson",
          "normalized_name": "Brenda Pearson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Iowa",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Pearson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christina Desir, RN, Project Manager",
          "normalized_name": "Christina Desir",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Desir has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Gregory S. Day",
        "James C. Torner",
        "Christopher Coffey",
        "David B. Clifford",
        "Ursula Utz",
        "Eric Klawiter",
        "J. R. Singleton",
        "Dixie J. Ecklund",
        "David Klements",
        "Michele Costigan",
        "Erin Steinhart",
        "Brenda Pearson",
        "Christina Desir",
        "Josep O. Dalmau",
        "Maarten J. Titulaer",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Iowa",
        "Washington University School of Med",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "University of Utah Department of Neurology",
        "University of Iowa College of Public Health",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "University of Utah"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Iowa",
        "Washington University School of Med",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "University of Utah Department of Neurology",
        "University of Iowa College of Public Health",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "University of Utah"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ka-Ho Wong; Gregory S. Day, MD, MSc, FAAN; James C. Torner, PhD; Christopher Coffey, PhD, FAAN; David B. Clifford, MD, FAAN; Ursula Utz; Eric Klawiter, MD, FAAN; J. R. Singleton, MD; Dixie J. Ecklund, RN; David Klements, MS; Michele Costigan, RN; Erin Steinhart, MA; Brenda Pearson; Christina Desir, RN, Project Manager; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "U of U Neurology Clinic\nMayo Clinic\nUniversity of Iowa\nWashington University School of Med\nMassachusetts General Hospital\nUniversity of Utah Department of Neurology\nUniversity of Iowa College of Public Health\nErasmus Medical Center\nUniversity of Utah",
        "Objective": "To develop and implement an adapted modified Rankin Scale (mRS) that captures cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric contributors to functional disability in patients with NMDARE.",
        "Background": "The mRS is a 7-point global disability scale originally developed for stroke, with a primary emphasis on motor function. However, NMDARE is characterized by prominent psychiatric, cognitive, and behavioral impairment that is not adequately captured by the standard mRS. At the initiation of the ExTINGUISH trial, no prospectively validated functional outcome measure existed to comprehensively assess the multidimensional disability associated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE).",
        "Design/Methods": "The ExTINGUISH mRS was collaboratively developed by protocol co-investigators and the NeuroNEXT Coordinating Centers to expand the standard mRS framework by incorporating structured assessment of cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric domains. To ensure reliability and consistency across sites, investigators completed standardized training and certification prior to use. Scoring consistency was further supported through algorithmic guidance, centralized adjudication, and ongoing rater calibration. The ExTINGUISH mRS serves as the primary outcome of the ExTINGUISH trial and is analyzed as a ranked composite endpoint incorporating change in functional status from randomization to 16 weeks, use of rescue therapy, and time to recovery.",
        "Results": "Implementation of the ExTINGUISH mRS enabled standardized, multidimensional functional outcome assessment across trial sites. Integration of structured training, centralized adjudication, and real-time quality monitoring ensured high scoring consistency and minimized inter-rater variability. The adapted scale effectively operationalized both motor and non-motor contributors to disease-related disability.",
        "Conclusions": "The ExTINGUISH mRS provides a rigorously standardized, multidimensional functional outcome measure that improves assessment of treatment response in NMDARE. By capturing psychiatric, cognitive, and motor domains of disability, it enhances the sensitivity and reliability of outcome measurement and establishes a new benchmark for functional assessment in autoimmune encephalitis clinical trials.",
        "Disclosures": "Ka-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nGregory S. Day, MD, MSc, FAAN: Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys Therapeutics. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for DynaMed (EBSCO Health). Dr. Day has or had stock in ANI Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from National Institutes of Health / NIA. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from National Institutes of Health / NINDS. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from Amgen Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Day has received research support from AVID Radiopharmaceuticals. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Presenter at Annual Meeting (CME) with American Academy of Neurology. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Content Development (CME) with PeerView, Inc. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Content Development (CME) with Continuing Education, Inc. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Content Development (CME) with Ionis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Educational Case Development + Presentation (video) with PeerDirect (P\\S\\L Group). Dr. Day has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Content Development / Presentation (non-CME) with MJH Life Sciences (NeurologyLive). Dr. Day has a non-compensated relationship as a Clinical Director with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJames C. Torner, PhD: The institution of Dr. Torner has received research support from NIH.\nChristopher Coffey, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Coffey has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Heart Association. The institution of Dr. Coffey has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Coffey has received research support from Michael J Fox Foundation.\nDavid B. Clifford, MD, FAAN: Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Excision BioTherapeutics. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Seagen. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CellEvolve. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Wave Life Sciences. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Atara Biotherapeuitics. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Teva. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity (Medpace). Dr. Clifford has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Clifford has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nUrsula Utz: Ursula Utz has nothing to disclose.\nEric Klawiter, MD, FAAN: Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Galen/Atlantica. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Banner Life Sciences. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Greenwich Biosciences. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for OM1. Dr. Klawiter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Klawiter has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Klawiter has received research support from Abbvie. The institution of Dr. Klawiter has received research support from Genentech.\nJ. R. Singleton, MD: Dr. Singleton has received research support from NIH.\nDixie J. Ecklund, RN: The institution of Ms. Ecklund has received research support from NIH. The institution of Ms. Ecklund has received research support from Michael J. Fox Foundation. Ms. Ecklund has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Scientific Review Board with Department of Defense. Ms. Ecklund has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant with Northwestern University.\nDavid Klements, MS: Mr. Klements has nothing to disclose.\nMichele Costigan, RN: Ms. Costigan has nothing to disclose.\nErin Steinhart, MA: Ms. Steinhart has nothing to disclose.\nBrenda Pearson: Ms. Pearson has nothing to disclose.\nChristina Desir, RN, Project Manager: Ms. Desir has nothing to disclose.\nJosep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMaarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The ExTINGUISH mRS provides a rigorously standardized, multidimensional functional outcome measure that improves assessment of treatment response in NMDARE. By capturing psychiatric, cognitive, and motor domains of disability, it enhances the sensitivity and reliability of outcome measurement and establishes a new benchmark for functional assessment in autoimmune encephalitis clinical trials.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65178",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65178",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 282
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65179",
      "source_id": "65179",
      "abstract_number": "1-004",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-004",
      "title": "CAPTIVATE Trial Design: A Pivotal Phase 3 Study of Claseprubart in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy",
      "authors": "Maria Ait Tihyaty; Jeffrey C. Allen, MD, FAAN; Luis Querol, MD, PhD; Filip Eftimov, MD, PhD; Stojan Peric, MD, PhD; Tina Dysgaard; Yusuf Rajabally, MD; Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD; Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, MD, PhD, FAAN; Hans D. Katzberg, MD, FAAN; Jonathan S. Katz, MD; James K. Sheffield, MD; Luke Hickey; Nuria Carrillo, MD; Richard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ait Tihyaty has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey C. Allen, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey C. Allen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU Langone Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Luis Querol, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Luis Querol",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avilar. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biocryst. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KPL. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lycia. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from GBS-CIDP Foundation International. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ISCIII. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from CIBERER. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ArgenX."
        },
        {
          "name": "Filip Eftimov, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Filip Eftimov",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Eftimov has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stojan Peric, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Stojan Peric",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for European Journal of Neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tina Dysgaard",
          "normalized_name": "Tina Dysgaard",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Tina Dysgaard has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yusuf Rajabally, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yusuf Rajabally",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for LFB. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vitaccess. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Prof. Rajabally has received research support from CSL."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas Harbo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Aarhus Sygehus",
          "disclosure": "Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eduardo Nobile-Orazio",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Milan University, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX, Belgium. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB, France. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche, Switzerland. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen, USA. The institution of Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received research support from Takeda/Shire."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hans D. Katzberg, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Hans D. Katzberg",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merz. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Syneos Health. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan S. Katz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan S. Katz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "CPMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Griffols. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunovant. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kedrion. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Griffols."
        },
        {
          "name": "James K. Sheffield, MD",
          "normalized_name": "James K. Sheffield",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Dianthus Therapeutics",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sheffield has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BMS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luke Hickey",
          "normalized_name": "Luke Hickey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hickey has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Mr. Hickey has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nuria Carrillo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nuria Carrillo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Carrillo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Carrillo has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.Dr. Carrillo has or had stock in Moderna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Richard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Richard A. Lewis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BioCryst. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NervoSave. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TGTX. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boehringer-Ingleheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CME Outfitters. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for PeerVision. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Up to Date. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alnylam. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Shernoff et al. Dr. Lewis has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
        "Jeffrey C. Allen",
        "Luis Querol",
        "Filip Eftimov",
        "Stojan Peric",
        "Tina Dysgaard",
        "Yusuf Rajabally",
        "Thomas Harbo",
        "Eduardo Nobile-Orazio",
        "Hans D. Katzberg",
        "Jonathan S. Katz",
        "James K. Sheffield",
        "Luke Hickey",
        "Nuria Carrillo",
        "Richard A. Lewis"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine",
        "NYU Langone Medical Center",
        "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
        "Aarhus Sygehus",
        "Milan University, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical Institute",
        "CPMC",
        "Dianthus Therapeutics",
        "Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine",
        "NYU Langone Medical Center",
        "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
        "Aarhus Sygehus",
        "Milan University, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical Institute",
        "CPMC",
        "Dianthus Therapeutics",
        "Cedars-Sinai Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maria Ait Tihyaty; Jeffrey C. Allen, MD, FAAN; Luis Querol, MD, PhD; Filip Eftimov, MD, PhD; Stojan Peric, MD, PhD; Tina Dysgaard; Yusuf Rajabally, MD; Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD; Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, MD, PhD, FAAN; Hans D. Katzberg, MD, FAAN; Jonathan S. Katz, MD; James K. Sheffield, MD; Luke Hickey; Nuria Carrillo, MD; Richard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine\nNYU Langone Medical Center\nHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau\nAarhus Sygehus\nMilan University, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical Institute\nCPMC\nDianthus Therapeutics\nCedars-Sinai Medical Center",
        "Objective": "CAPTIVATE Phase 3 study (NCT06858579) evaluates claseprubart in a broad population of adults aged 18-75 with a diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) .",
        "Background": "Claseprubart (DNTH103) is a potent monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to active C1s, inhibiting the classical complement pathway.",
        "Design/Methods": "CAPTIVATE is a global, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 study assessing the efficacy and safety of claseprubart in adults with a diagnosis of CIDP per 2021 EAN/PNS guidelines confirmed by an independent adjudication panel. Eligible participants are responders to standard-of-care (SOC) therapy (immunoglobulins [Ig] or oral corticosteroids [OCS]), refractory to SOC, or treatment-naïve. In SOC responders, Ig will be discontinued 1 week before dosing and OCS tapered and continued. Part A is open-label with an initial IV loading dose followed by biweekly subcutaneous claseprubart up to 13 weeks. Responders (≥1-point improvement in adjusted INCAT) are randomized (N=64/arm) into a placebo-controlled, double-blind period for 52 weeks (Part B).",
        "Results": "The primary endpoint is time to relapse in Part B with key secondary endpoints evaluating I-RODS and grip strength changes. Those who complete or relapse (≥1-point worsening in adjusted INCAT) in Part B may enter an optional open-label extension (up to 104 weeks). Upon discontinuation, participants enter a 40-week safety follow-up.",
        "Conclusions": "CAPTIVATE is an innovative, rigorous Phase 3 study evaluating claseprubart, an active C1s inhibitor administered as a convenient biweekly injection, in CIDP. CAPTIVATE was launched in 2025 and is actively enrolling participants in North and South America, Europe, and Asia.",
        "Disclosures": "Maria Ait Tihyaty: Dr. Ait Tihyaty has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics.\nJeffrey C. Allen, MD, FAAN: No disclosure on file\nLuis Querol, MD, PhD: Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avilar. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biocryst. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KPL. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lycia. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from GBS-CIDP Foundation International. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ISCIII. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from CIBERER. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ArgenX.\nFilip Eftimov, MD, PhD: Dr. Eftimov has nothing to disclose.\nStojan Peric, MD, PhD: Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for European Journal of Neurology.\nTina Dysgaard: Tina Dysgaard has nothing to disclose.\nYusuf Rajabally, MD: Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for LFB. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vitaccess. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Prof. Rajabally has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Prof. Rajabally has received research support from CSL.\nThomas Harbo, MD, PhD: Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Thomas Harbo, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen.\nEduardo Nobile-Orazio, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX, Belgium. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB, France. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche, Switzerland. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen, USA. The institution of Dr. Nobile-Orazio has received research support from Takeda/Shire.\nHans D. Katzberg, MD, FAAN: An immediate family member of Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merz. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Syneos Health. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Katzberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX.\nJonathan S. Katz, MD: Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Griffols. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunovant. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kedrion. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Katz has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Griffols.\nJames K. Sheffield, MD: Dr. Sheffield has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BMS.\nLuke Hickey: Mr. Hickey has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Mr. Hickey has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nNuria Carrillo, MD: Dr. Carrillo has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Carrillo has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.Dr. Carrillo has or had stock in Moderna Therapeutics.\nRichard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN: Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BioCryst. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NervoSave. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TGTX. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boehringer-Ingleheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CME Outfitters. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for PeerVision. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Up to Date. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alnylam. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Shernoff et al. Dr. Lewis has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CAPTIVATE is an innovative, rigorous Phase 3 study evaluating claseprubart, an active C1s inhibitor administered as a convenient biweekly injection, in CIDP. CAPTIVATE was launched in 2025 and is actively enrolling participants in North and South America, Europe, and Asia.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65179",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65179",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 244
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65180",
      "source_id": "65180",
      "abstract_number": "1-005",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-005",
      "title": "Treatment Impact of Efgartigimod PH20 SC on Grip Strength Assessment in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP): Post Hoc Analysis of the ADHERE/ADHERE+ Study",
      "authors": "Rachel A. Daut, PhD; Richard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN; Christian q C. Eggers, MD; Frank Leypoldt, MD; Giuseppe Lauria; Luis Querol, MD, PhD; Mark Stettner, MD, PhD; Pieter Van Doorn, MD; Simon Rinaldi, PhD, MBChB; Thomas Skripuletz; Arie Gafson, MD, PhD; Geoffrey Istas; Arne De Roeck, PhD; Katerina Anokhina, MD; Jeffrey A. Allen, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rachel A. Daut, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rachel A. Daut, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Rachel A. Daut",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "argenx",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Daut has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Daut has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Richard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Richard A. Lewis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BioCryst. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NervoSave. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TGTX. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boehringer-Ingleheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CME Outfitters. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for PeerVision. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Up to Date. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alnylam. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Shernoff et al. Dr. Lewis has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christian q C. Eggers, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christian q C. Eggers",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Eggers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Eggers has or had stock in Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Frank Leypoldt, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Frank Leypoldt",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Frank Leypoldt, MD has received research support from German Ministry of Research BMBF."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giuseppe Lauria",
          "normalized_name": "Giuseppe Lauria",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Giuseppe Lauria has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luis Querol, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Luis Querol",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avilar. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biocryst. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KPL. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lycia. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from GBS-CIDP Foundation International. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ISCIII. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from CIBERER. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ArgenX."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mark Stettner, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Mark Stettner",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Pieter Van Doorn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Pieter Van Doorn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Erasmus University Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hansa. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octapharma. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octapharma. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Van Doorn has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simon Rinaldi, PhD, MBChB",
          "normalized_name": "Simon Rinaldi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hansa. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Rinaldi has received research support from MRC. The institution of Dr. Rinaldi has received research support from BMA. The institution of Dr. Rinaldi has received research support from GBS/CIDP Foundation International."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas Skripuletz",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas Skripuletz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Thomas Skripuletz has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Centogene, CSL Behring, Grifols, Hexal AG, Janssen-Cilag, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Viatris. Thomas Skripuletz has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for from Alexion, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, argenx, Bayer Vital, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Centogene, CSL Behring, Euroimmun, Grifols, Hexal AG, Horizon, Janssen-Cilag, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Siemens, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Teva, Viatris."
        },
        {
          "name": "Arie Gafson, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Arie Gafson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gafson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Gafson has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Geoffrey Istas",
          "normalized_name": "Geoffrey Istas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Geoffrey Istas has or had stock in Argenx.Geoffrey Istas has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Arne De Roeck, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Arne De Roeck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. De Roeck has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mr. De Roeck has stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katerina Anokhina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Katerina Anokhina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Anokhina has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey A. Allen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey A. Allen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Minnesota",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rachel A. Daut",
        "Richard A. Lewis",
        "Christian q C. Eggers",
        "Frank Leypoldt",
        "Giuseppe Lauria",
        "Luis Querol",
        "Mark Stettner",
        "Pieter Van Doorn",
        "Simon Rinaldi",
        "Thomas Skripuletz",
        "Arie Gafson",
        "Geoffrey Istas",
        "Arne De Roeck",
        "Katerina Anokhina",
        "Jeffrey A. Allen"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "argenx",
        "Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
        "University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology",
        "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
        "Erasmus University Medical Center",
        "University of Minnesota"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "argenx",
        "Cedars-Sinai Medical Center",
        "University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology",
        "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
        "Erasmus University Medical Center",
        "University of Minnesota"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rachel A. Daut, PhD; Richard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN; Christian q C. Eggers, MD; Frank Leypoldt, MD; Giuseppe Lauria; Luis Querol, MD, PhD; Mark Stettner, MD, PhD; Pieter Van Doorn, MD; Simon Rinaldi, PhD, MBChB; Thomas Skripuletz; Arie Gafson, MD, PhD; Geoffrey Istas; Arne De Roeck, PhD; Katerina Anokhina, MD; Jeffrey A. Allen, MD",
        "Affiliations": "argenx\nCedars-Sinai Medical Center\nUniversity Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology\nHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau\nErasmus University Medical Center\nUniversity of Minnesota",
        "Objective": "Assess the effect of subcutaneous (SC) efgartigimod PH20 on grip strength in CIDP.",
        "Background": "CIDP is an immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy characterized by proximal and distal weakness and sensory disturbance that can lead to irreversible disability.",
        "Design/Methods": "In ADHERE (NCT04281472), participants receiving CIDP treatment entered a ≤12-week run-in during which CIDP-treatments were withdrawn to identify participants with active disease. Participants received open-label weekly efgartigimod PH20 SC 1000 mg (stage-A). Responders were randomized (1:1) to efgartigimod or placebo for ≤48 weeks (stage-B). Participants with clinical deterioration or who completed stage-B without clinical deterioration entered ADHERE+ (NCT04280718). We report a post hoc analysis of grip strength in stage-A responders from run-in baseline through ADHERE+ Week 36 (minimal clinically important difference [MCID]: ≥8 kPa).",
        "Results": "322 participants entered stage-A; 221 were randomized and treated in stage-B. Among participants receiving efgartigimod during stage-B (n=97), mean (SE) and median dominant hand grip strength scores at run-in baseline were 44.4 kPa (2.39) and 47.0 kPa. Mean (SE) and median changes from run-in baseline to stage-A last assessment (n=97), stage-B last assessment (n=97), and ADHERE+ Week 36 (n=76) were 9.1 kPa (1.70) and 6.0 kPa; 12.0 kPa (2.34) and 7.0 kPa; and 18.2 kPa (2.57) and 12.5 kPa, respectively. A similar trend was noted for non-dominant grip strength scores. In participants who responded to efgartigimod treatment in stage-A, mean (SE) and median changes from run-in baseline to ADHERE+ Week 36 (n=149) in dominant hand grip strength scores were 17.5 kPa (2.02) and 10.0 kPa; non-dominant hand: 17.8 kPa (2.00) and 13.0 kPa. During ADHERE+ Week 36, 50.3% (75/149) and 38.9% (58/149) of participants achieved ≥16 or ≥24 kPa improvement, respectively, in grip strength in any hand.",
        "Conclusions": "Long-term efgartigimod PH20 SC treatment improved grip strength in participants with CIDP; a 2-3 fold improvement in MCID was reported in ~40-50% of participants.",
        "Disclosures": "Rachel A. Daut, PhD: Dr. Daut has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Daut has or had stock in argenx.\nRichard A. Lewis, MD, FAAN: Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BioCryst. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NervoSave. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TGTX. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Boehringer-Ingleheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cartesian. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CME Outfitters. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for PeerVision. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Up to Date. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boehringer Ingelheim. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alnylam. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Intellia. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Shernoff et al. Dr. Lewis has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nChristian q C. Eggers, MD: Dr. Eggers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Eggers has or had stock in Argenx.\nFrank Leypoldt, MD: Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Frank Leypoldt, MD has received research support from German Ministry of Research BMBF.\nGiuseppe Lauria: Giuseppe Lauria has nothing to disclose.\nLuis Querol, MD, PhD: Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avilar. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biocryst. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KPL. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lycia. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from GBS-CIDP Foundation International. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ISCIII. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from CIBERER. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ArgenX.\nMark Stettner, MD, PhD: No disclosure on file\nPieter Van Doorn, MD: The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hansa. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octapharma. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octapharma. The institution of Dr. Van Doorn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Van Doorn has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nSimon Rinaldi, PhD, MBChB: Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hansa. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Rinaldi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Rinaldi has received research support from MRC. The institution of Dr. Rinaldi has received research support from BMA. The institution of Dr. Rinaldi has received research support from GBS/CIDP Foundation International.\nThomas Skripuletz: Thomas Skripuletz has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Centogene, CSL Behring, Grifols, Hexal AG, Janssen-Cilag, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Viatris. Thomas Skripuletz has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for from Alexion, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, argenx, Bayer Vital, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Centogene, CSL Behring, Euroimmun, Grifols, Hexal AG, Horizon, Janssen-Cilag, Merck Serono, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Siemens, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum, Teva, Viatris.\nArie Gafson, MD, PhD: Dr. Gafson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Gafson has or had stock in argenx.\nGeoffrey Istas: Geoffrey Istas has or had stock in Argenx.Geoffrey Istas has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nArne De Roeck, PhD: Mr. De Roeck has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mr. De Roeck has stock in argenx.\nKaterina Anokhina, MD: Dr. Anokhina has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx.\nJeffrey A. Allen, MD: Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Long-term efgartigimod PH20 SC treatment improved grip strength in participants with CIDP; a 2-3 fold improvement in MCID was reported in ~40-50% of participants.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65180",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65180",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 326
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65181",
      "source_id": "65181",
      "abstract_number": "1-006",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-006",
      "title": "Design of ADAPT FORWARD, a Phase 2a Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy, and Tolerability of Intravenous Empasiprubart as an Add-on Therapy to Intravenous Efgartigimod in Adult Participants with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Ohimai Unoje, PhD; Jeff Guptill, MD, FAAN; Raphael Bilgraer, PhD; Anne-Gaelle Dosne, PhD; Sophie Steeland; Kristin Heerlein; Tony J. Vangeneugden, PhD; Maria Ramos-Masa, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Ohimai Unoje, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ohimai Unoje, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ohimai Unoje",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Unoje has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeff Guptill, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeff Guptill",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "argenx US",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Guptill has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Guptill has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Raphael Bilgraer, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Raphael Bilgraer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bilgraer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anne-Gaelle Dosne, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Anne-Gaelle Dosne",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dosne has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sophie Steeland",
          "normalized_name": "Sophie Steeland",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "argenx",
          "disclosure": "Sophie Steeland has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Sophie Steeland has stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristin Heerlein",
          "normalized_name": "Kristin Heerlein",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Heerlein has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Ms. Heerlein has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of JNJ. Ms. Heerlein has or had stock in argenx.Ms. Heerlein has or had stock in JNJ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tony J. Vangeneugden, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tony J. Vangeneugden",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vangeneugden has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Argenx. Dr. Vangeneugden has stock in Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria Ramos-Masa, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Ramos-Masa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Ramos-Masa has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mrs. Ramos-Masa has stock in argenx."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ohimai Unoje",
        "Jeff Guptill",
        "Raphael Bilgraer",
        "Anne-Gaelle Dosne",
        "Sophie Steeland",
        "Kristin Heerlein",
        "Tony J. Vangeneugden",
        "Maria Ramos-Masa"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "argenx US",
        "argenx"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "argenx US",
        "argenx"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ohimai Unoje, PhD; Jeff Guptill, MD, FAAN; Raphael Bilgraer, PhD; Anne-Gaelle Dosne, PhD; Sophie Steeland; Kristin Heerlein; Tony J. Vangeneugden, PhD; Maria Ramos-Masa, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "argenx US\nargenx",
        "Objective": "To present the design of ADAPT FORWARD, a Phase 2a, proof-of-concept study evaluating safety, efficacy, and tolerability of empasiprubart add-on therapy in participants with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) who partially respond to efgartigimod. This is the first of multiple gMG regimens being assessed within a platform study.",
        "Background": "MG is an immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated autoimmune disease that manifests differently in each patient. In some, a single therapy may not sufficiently address all pathogenic mechanisms mediated by IgG autoantibodies, such as IgG-driven complement activation. Efgartigimod, an IgG1 Fc fragment, alleviates gMG symptoms in many patients by blocking neonatal Fc receptor-mediated IgG recycling. Empasiprubart, an IgG1 antibody, selectively inhibits complement C2. For patients with partial response to efgartigimod, empasiprubart add-on therapy could further improve outcomes.",
        "Design/Methods": "The study consists of 3 parts (total duration, ~54 weeks). Part A: ~50 adult participants with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR-Ab+) gMG receive 1 efgartigimod treatment cycle (4 once-weekly intravenous infusions followed by a 4-week treatment-free period). Part B: participants with partial response to efgartigimod (Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living [MG-ADL] improvement of ≥2 with total remaining ≥5) receive 2 cycles of efgartigimod with intravenous empasiprubart coadministered at the first and last infusions of each cycle. Part C (safety follow-up): 4 additional cycles with efgartigimod monotherapy.",
        "Results": "Primary endpoints will evaluate safety and tolerability during Parts A and B. Secondary endpoints will evaluate efficacy, including MG-ADL.",
        "Conclusions": "Results of this study will provide proof-of-concept data on empasiprubart as an add-on therapy to efgartigimod for adults with AChR-Ab+ gMG.",
        "Disclosures": "Ohimai Unoje, PhD: Mr. Unoje has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx.\nJeff Guptill, MD, FAAN: Dr. Guptill has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Guptill has or had stock in argenx.\nRaphael Bilgraer, PhD: Dr. Bilgraer has nothing to disclose.\nAnne-Gaelle Dosne, PhD: Dr. Dosne has nothing to disclose.\nSophie Steeland: Sophie Steeland has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Sophie Steeland has stock in argenx.\nKristin Heerlein: Ms. Heerlein has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Ms. Heerlein has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of JNJ. Ms. Heerlein has or had stock in argenx.Ms. Heerlein has or had stock in JNJ.\nTony J. Vangeneugden, PhD: Dr. Vangeneugden has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Argenx. Dr. Vangeneugden has stock in Argenx.\nMaria Ramos-Masa, PhD: Mrs. Ramos-Masa has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mrs. Ramos-Masa has stock in argenx."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Results of this study will provide proof-of-concept data on empasiprubart as an add-on therapy to efgartigimod for adults with AChR-Ab+ gMG.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65181",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65181",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 249
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65182",
      "source_id": "65182",
      "abstract_number": "1-007",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-007",
      "title": "Long-term Cognitive Outcomes and Persistent Executive Dysfunction in LGI1 Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Avi Gadoth, MD; Dror Shir, MD; Yael Paran; Yifat Alcalay",
      "presenting_author": "Avi Gadoth, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Avi Gadoth, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Avi Gadoth",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Tel-Aviv Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gadoth has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dror Shir, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dror Shir",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shir has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yael Paran",
          "normalized_name": "Yael Paran",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Ichilov",
          "disclosure": "Yael Paran has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yifat Alcalay",
          "normalized_name": "Yifat Alcalay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tel Aviv Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Yifat Alcalay has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Avi Gadoth",
        "Dror Shir",
        "Yael Paran",
        "Yifat Alcalay"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Tel-Aviv Medical Center",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Ichilov",
        "Tel Aviv Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Tel-Aviv Medical Center",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Ichilov",
        "Tel Aviv Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Avi Gadoth, MD; Dror Shir, MD; Yael Paran; Yifat Alcalay",
        "Affiliations": "Tel-Aviv Medical Center\nMayo Clinic\nIchilov\nTel Aviv Medical Center",
        "Objective": "The objective of this study was to investigate long-term cognitive trajectories in patients with LGI1-AE using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and its subcomponents, with a specific focus on the persistence of executive deficits and the influence of age at onset.",
        "Background": "Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (AE) presents with cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Although most patients improve with immunotherapy, long-term domain-specific cognitive outcomes have not been thoroughly studied. We examined long-term cognitive trajectories in LGI1-AE, with a focus on executive dysfunction.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective study of 18 LGI1-AE patients followed at a single tertiary center (2015-2025) for a median of 44 months [range 6-82]. Cognitive function was assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and its subscales, including a broad Executive Index Score (EIS), a narrow executive composite, and delayed recall. We studied the course of cognitive function using repeated evaluations on follow up visits. Longitudinal changes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and predictors of outcomes were evaluated by regression analysis.",
        "Results": "Global cognition improved significantly from first to last visit (median MoCA 20 to 24, p = 0.001). Executive function and delayed recall also showed gains (p = 0.001 and p = 0.024, respectively). Younger patients (≤65 y) outperformed older patients at presentation and follow-up, despite similar immunotherapy timing (MoCA: 26 vs. 19, p = 0.016 and EIS: 12.5 vs. 9.5, p = 0.009). Improvement magnitude was similar across ages. Regression showed initial MoCA predicted long-term global cognition ( p = 0.001), while both initial EIS ( p = 0.036) and age at onset ( p = 0.007) independently predicted executive outcomes.",
        "Conclusions": "Cognitive outcomes in LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis improve after immunotherapy, yet executive dysfunction frequently persists as a long-term deficit. Older age independently predicts poorer outcomes, suggesting that age-related vulnerability may limit recovery.",
        "Disclosures": "Avi Gadoth, MD: Dr. Gadoth has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nDror Shir, MD: Dr. Shir has nothing to disclose.\nYael Paran: Yael Paran has nothing to disclose.\nYifat Alcalay: Yifat Alcalay has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Cognitive outcomes in LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis improve after immunotherapy, yet executive dysfunction frequently persists as a long-term deficit. Older age independently predicts poorer outcomes, suggesting that age-related vulnerability may limit recovery.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65182",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65182",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65183",
      "source_id": "65183",
      "abstract_number": "1-008",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-008",
      "title": "Minimal Symptom Expression with Claseprubart, an Active C1S Inhibitor, in Patients with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Maria Ait Tihyaty; Said R. Beydoun, MD, FAAN; Nils Erik Gilhus, MD; Amit Sachdev, MD; Caitlin Briggs; Uzma H. Siddiqui, MD; Luke Hickey; Marianna Lalla, MD, PhD; Marek Smilowski, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ait Tihyaty has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Said R. Beydoun, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Said R. Beydoun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Southern California Healthcare Consultation Center 2",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Abcuro. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Sean Healy & AMG Center for ALS. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from RemeGen. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Novartis."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nils Erik Gilhus, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nils Erik Gilhus",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson & Johnson. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Denka. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Alexion, UCB, Johnson & Johnson, Dianthus, Amgen. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amit Sachdev, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amit Sachdev",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Michigan State University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from Dianthus."
        },
        {
          "name": "Caitlin Briggs",
          "normalized_name": "Caitlin Briggs",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Briggs has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Briggs has stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Uzma H. Siddiqui, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Uzma H. Siddiqui",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Siddiqui has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luke Hickey",
          "normalized_name": "Luke Hickey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hickey has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Mr. Hickey has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marianna Lalla, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Marianna Lalla",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lalla has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marek Smilowski, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Marek Smilowski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smilowski has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maria Ait Tihyaty",
        "Said R. Beydoun",
        "Nils Erik Gilhus",
        "Amit Sachdev",
        "Caitlin Briggs",
        "Uzma H. Siddiqui",
        "Luke Hickey",
        "Marianna Lalla",
        "Marek Smilowski"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine",
        "University of Southern California Healthcare Consultation Center 2",
        "Michigan State University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine",
        "University of Southern California Healthcare Consultation Center 2",
        "Michigan State University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maria Ait Tihyaty; Said R. Beydoun, MD, FAAN; Nils Erik Gilhus, MD; Amit Sachdev, MD; Caitlin Briggs; Uzma H. Siddiqui, MD; Luke Hickey; Marianna Lalla, MD, PhD; Marek Smilowski, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine\nUniversity of Southern California Healthcare Consultation Center 2\nMichigan State University",
        "Objective": "Remission is a key goal in gMG and achieving minimal symptom expression (MSE) with claseprubart is a key treatment objective.",
        "Background": "The classical complement pathway plays a significant role in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) pathology. Claseprubart is a potent monoclonal antibody that selectively targets the classical pathway by inhibiting active C1s (aC1s).",
        "Design/Methods": "MaGic (NCT06282159), is a global Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients treated with claseprubart (300mg, Q2W) were evaluated for MSE (MG-ADL ≤1 or QMG ≤3) compared with placebo. p-values were one-sided and nominal significance was assessed at an alpha= 0.1. Outcomes include proportion of patients achieving MSE at Week 13 and anytime during the study, earliest timepoint of MSE achievement, and durability defined as sustained MSE for at least 6 weeks.",
        "Results": "At Week 13, 37% of claseprubart treated patients achieved MG-ADL-MSE versus 14% with placebo (OR 3.81; p=0.0550). 43% achieved MG-ADL-MSE at least once during the study versus 14% of placebo (OR: 4.72; p=0.0231). This effect was observed as early as Week 1 (median time to response was Week 3). Sustained remission-like states (for at least 6 weeks) were seen in all patients who achieved MSE. Similar results were observed using QMG minimum symptom expression threshold.",
        "Conclusions": "Claseprubart patients were more than four times more likely to achieve MSE than placebo patients and MSE was observed as early as week 1. Patients who achieved MSE maintained responses for at least 6 weeks. These results highlight the therapeutic potential of aC1s inhibition in AChR+ gMG.",
        "Disclosures": "Maria Ait Tihyaty: Dr. Ait Tihyaty has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics.\nSaid R. Beydoun, MD, FAAN: Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Beydoun has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Abcuro. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Sean Healy & AMG Center for ALS. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from RemeGen. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Beydoun has received research support from Novartis.\nNils Erik Gilhus, MD: Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson & Johnson. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Denka. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Alexion, UCB, Johnson & Johnson, Dianthus, Amgen. Prof. Gilhus has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck.\nAmit Sachdev, MD: Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Sachdev has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for argenx. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from argenx. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Sachdev has received research support from Dianthus.\nCaitlin Briggs: Dr. Briggs has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Briggs has stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nUzma H. Siddiqui, MD: Dr. Siddiqui has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nLuke Hickey: Mr. Hickey has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Mr. Hickey has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nMarianna Lalla, MD, PhD: Dr. Lalla has nothing to disclose.\nMarek Smilowski, MD, PhD: Dr. Smilowski has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Claseprubart patients were more than four times more likely to achieve MSE than placebo patients and MSE was observed as early as week 1. Patients who achieved MSE maintained responses for at least 6 weeks. These results highlight the therapeutic potential of aC1s inhibition in AChR+ gMG.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65183",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65183",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 252
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65184",
      "source_id": "65184",
      "abstract_number": "1-009",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-009",
      "title": "Real World Data in 15,634 Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) to Study the Effect of Immunotherapies",
      "authors": "Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS; Naoki Takegami, MD; James F. Meschia, MD, FAAN; Bjorn E. Oskarsson, MD, FAAN; Anushka Irani, MD, PhD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
      "presenting_author": "Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sidharth Suresh",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Suresh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naoki Takegami, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naoki Takegami",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Takegami has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "James F. Meschia, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "James F. Meschia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Meschia has received research support from NINDS. The institution of Dr. Meschia has received research support from NINDS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bjorn E. Oskarsson, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Bjorn E. Oskarsson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amylyx. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AnnJi. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi. Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Tsumura. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for MediciNova. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Medicinova. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Cytokinetics. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Calico. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Mitsubishi. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Tsumura. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from AZTherapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Orion. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Esaii."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anushka Irani, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Anushka Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sidharth Suresh",
        "Naoki Takegami",
        "James F. Meschia",
        "Bjorn E. Oskarsson",
        "Anushka Irani",
        "Sarosh R. Irani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UCSF",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UCSF",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS; Naoki Takegami, MD; James F. Meschia, MD, FAAN; Bjorn E. Oskarsson, MD, FAAN; Anushka Irani, MD, PhD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
        "Affiliations": "UCSF\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To evaluate whether initiation of systemic corticosteroids after Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) diagnosis associates with improved survival, and to assess the feasibility of virtual trial simulation using large, multicenter, real-world longitudinal datasets.",
        "Background": "ALS is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with limited disease-modifying treatments. Emerging evidence suggests that immune modulation may influence disease progression and survival. Systemic corticosteroids represent a pragmatic yet understudied immunomodulatory therapy with potential relevance in ALS.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective cohorts were created using real world longitudinal datasets between 1990-2025. ALS cases (age >18 years) were identified using ICD-9/10 codes (335.20, G12.21). Immunotherapy exposures using RxNorm codes for 16 commonly prescribed immunotherapies, including systemic corticosteroids. Eligible patients had no exposure to immunotherapies during the two years preceding ALS diagnosis. Cohort A: corticosteroids initiated ≤1 year after diagnosis; Cohort B: no immunotherapy ≤1 year after diagnosis. To minimize indication bias, patients with common autoimmune diseases were excluded. Survival up to five years was assessed using Kaplan-Meier methods, with 1:1 propensity score matching (caliper 0.2) adjusting for demographics.",
        "Results": "Among 15,634 total ALS patients, 3500/4097 (85.4%) immunotherapy exposures were systemic corticosteroids. 1418/3500 patients (40.5%) received at least one corticosteroid exposure of which 127 were initiated within one year of diagnosis (Cohort A), compared to 13,448 with no immunotherapy exposure (Cohort B). Corticosteroid initiation was associated with reduced mortality at two years (14% reduction, HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40-0.86, p=0.0052) and at five years (21.6% reduction, HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.38-0.74, p=0.00014). These benefits were similar after propensity matching. Further, corticosteroid exposure without riluzole conferred a significant two-year survival advantage compared with riluzole alone (23.7% reduction, HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.23-0.63, p=0.000078).",
        "Conclusions": "Early systemic corticosteroid exposure following ALS diagnosis associated with improved survival in immunotherapy-naïve patients. Multicenter real-world longitudinal data support virtual trial simulations and highlight the need for confirmatory randomized controlled trials in ALS.",
        "Disclosures": "Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS: Dr. Suresh has nothing to disclose.\nNaoki Takegami, MD: Dr. Takegami has nothing to disclose.\nJames F. Meschia, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Meschia has received research support from NINDS. The institution of Dr. Meschia has received research support from NINDS.\nBjorn E. Oskarsson, MD, FAAN: Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amylyx. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AnnJi. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi. Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Tsumura. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for MediciNova. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Medicinova. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Cytokinetics. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Calico. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Mitsubishi. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Tsumura. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from AZTherapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Orion. The institution of Dr. Oskarsson has received research support from Esaii.\nAnushka Irani, MD, PhD: Dr. Irani has nothing to disclose.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Early systemic corticosteroid exposure following ALS diagnosis associated with improved survival in immunotherapy-naïve patients. Multicenter real-world longitudinal data support virtual trial simulations and highlight the need for confirmatory randomized controlled trials in ALS.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65184",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65184",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 328
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65185",
      "source_id": "65185",
      "abstract_number": "1-010",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-010",
      "title": "B-cell Depletion Therapies in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-analysis of 22 Studies and 919 Patients",
      "authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Shankar Biswas, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Anu Pillai, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
      "presenting_author": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jignen J. Prajapati",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sindhu Vasireddy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sindhu Vasireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shankar Biswas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shankar Biswas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yashasvi Srivastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anu Pillai, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anu Pillai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Pillai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simran Arora, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Simran Arora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
          "disclosure": "Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jignen J. Prajapati",
        "Sindhu Vasireddy",
        "Shankar Biswas",
        "Yashasvi Srivastava",
        "Anu Pillai",
        "Simran Arora",
        "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Shankar Biswas, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Anu Pillai, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
        "Affiliations": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
        "Objective": "To pool randomized and observational evidence on B-cell depletion therapies in generalized myasthenia gravis using empirical Bayesian methods, and to characterize the comparative signal between B-cell depletion and complement inhibition in long-standing refractory disease.",
        "Background": "Two randomized trials of rituximab in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) reached divergent conclusions and a phase 3 trial of inebilizumab was reported in 2025. No prior synthesis has pooled these data using empirical Bayesian methods or has structured a comparison between B-cell depletion and complement inhibition.",
        "Design/Methods": "PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched through 2026 for studies of rituximab or inebilizumab in adults with gMG. Bayesian random-effects pairwise meta-analyses with Turner empirical log-normal priors on between-study heterogeneity were performed for continuous outcomes; pooled proportions were estimated for dichotomous outcomes. Reporting followed PRISMA 2020.",
        "Results": "Twenty-two studies (n = 919) were included; 16 contributed to the primary analysis. Rituximab was associated with a greater reduction in QMG score at 12 months than placebo (mean difference, −2.85; 95% credible interval, −4.54 to −1.15; k = 2 RCTs; τ posterior median, 0.20). Inebilizumab versus placebo from the MINT trial yielded mean differences of −1.87 on MG-ADL and −2.28 on QMG at 26 weeks. Eculizumab was favored over rituximab in long-standing refractory disease in two observational studies (Durmus MG-ADL mean difference +4.60; Nelke QMG mean difference +5.30). Pooled minimal-manifestations-or-better rate was 65.7% at the last follow-up and 39.8% at 12 months. Pooled all-cause mortality was 4.2%, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was 1.7%.",
        "Conclusions": "B-cell depletion was associated with greater clinical improvement than placebo in randomized trials of generalized myasthenia gravis. The direction and magnitude of benefit appeared to depend on disease stage and antibody subtype.",
        "Disclosures": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS: Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose.\nSindhu Vasireddy, MD: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose.\nShankar Biswas, MD: Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose.\nYashasvi Srivastava, MBBS: Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose.\nAnu Pillai, MBBS: Miss Pillai has nothing to disclose.\nSimran Arora, MBBS: Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose.\nSai Pratibha Yandamuri: Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "B-cell depletion was associated with greater clinical improvement than placebo in randomized trials of generalized myasthenia gravis. The direction and magnitude of benefit appeared to depend on disease stage and antibody subtype.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65185",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65185",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 282
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65186",
      "source_id": "65186",
      "abstract_number": "1-011",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-011",
      "title": "Anti-C1q and Anti-C5 Therapies in Severe Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-analysis of Four Randomized Trials",
      "authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Shankar Biswas, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Anu Pillai, MBBS; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
      "presenting_author": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jignen J. Prajapati",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sindhu Vasireddy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sindhu Vasireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shankar Biswas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shankar Biswas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yashasvi Srivastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simran Arora, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Simran Arora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anu Pillai, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anu Pillai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Pillai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
          "disclosure": "Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jignen J. Prajapati",
        "Sindhu Vasireddy",
        "Shankar Biswas",
        "Yashasvi Srivastava",
        "Simran Arora",
        "Anu Pillai",
        "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Shankar Biswas, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Anu Pillai, MBBS; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
        "Affiliations": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
        "Objective": "To synthesize all randomized evidence on complement-targeted therapies in severe Guillain-Barré syndrome using Bayesian meta-analysis, and to determine whether anti-C5 and anti-C1q inhibition differ in efficacy when structural confounding by IVIg co-administration is accounted for.",
        "Background": "Standard treatment for severe Guillain-Barré syndrome has not changed in 30 years, and approximately 20% of patients remain unable to walk at 6 months. Eculizumab (anti-C5) and ANX005/tanruprubart (anti-C1q) have been tested in randomized placebo-controlled trials with discordant results, and no prior synthesis has integrated all available trials.",
        "Design/Methods": "We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus through May 2026 for randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials of complement inhibitors in adults with severe GBS. Three pre-specified pools were analysed using Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis (bayesmeta) with weakly informative priors: eculizumab + IVIg vs placebo + IVIg at week 4 (Pool A1) and week 24 (Pool A2), and ANX005 monotherapy vs placebo at week 8 (Pool B1). Frequentist Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman analyses were fitted as cross-checks. Risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane RoB 2 and certainty of evidence with GRADE.",
        "Results": "Four trials enrolling 382 patients were included. In Pool A1, the pooled risk ratio was 0.98 (95% credible interval, 0.52-1.94; posterior probability of benefit, 47%). Pool A2 was not interpretable owing to substantial heterogeneity (I², 81%; Q p = 0.021). In Pool B1, the pooled odds ratio was 2.17 (95% credible interval, 0.94-4.76; posterior probability of benefit, 96%; I², 0%). Drug class was perfectly confounded with IVIg co-administration. GRADE certainty was low for the two interpretable pools and very low for Pool A2.",
        "Conclusions": "Anti-C1q monotherapy was associated with probable benefit on short-term outcomes. Anti-C5 added to IVIg was not. A randomized trial of tanruprubart against IVIg in a Western AIDP-predominant cohort is needed.",
        "Disclosures": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS: Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose.\nSindhu Vasireddy, MD: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose.\nShankar Biswas, MD: Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose.\nYashasvi Srivastava, MBBS: Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose.\nSimran Arora, MBBS: Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose.\nAnu Pillai, MBBS: Miss Pillai has nothing to disclose.\nSai Pratibha Yandamuri: Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Anti-C1q monotherapy was associated with probable benefit on short-term outcomes. Anti-C5 added to IVIg was not. A randomized trial of tanruprubart against IVIg in a Western AIDP-predominant cohort is needed.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65186",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65186",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 286
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65187",
      "source_id": "65187",
      "abstract_number": "1-012",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-012",
      "title": "Efficacy and Safety of Telitacicept (BAFF/APRIL Inhibition) in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized and Real-world Evidence",
      "authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Shankar Biswas, MD; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Anagha Shankar; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
      "presenting_author": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jignen J. Prajapati",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shankar Biswas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shankar Biswas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sindhu Vasireddy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sindhu Vasireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yashasvi Srivastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simran Arora, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Simran Arora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anagha Shankar",
          "normalized_name": "Anagha Shankar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Shankar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
          "disclosure": "Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jignen J. Prajapati",
        "Shankar Biswas",
        "Sindhu Vasireddy",
        "Yashasvi Srivastava",
        "Simran Arora",
        "Anagha Shankar",
        "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Shankar Biswas, MD; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Anagha Shankar; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
        "Affiliations": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
        "Objective": "To conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of telitacicept in generalized myasthenia gravis, pooling randomized and real-world evidence with pre-specified subgroup analyses for refractory status and dose.",
        "Background": "To conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of telitacicept in generalized myasthenia gravis, pooling randomized and real-world evidence with pre-specified subgroup analyses for refractory status and dose.",
        "Design/Methods": "PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched through April 2026 for studies of telitacicept in adult gMG. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Random-effects meta-analyses (frequentist restricted maximum likelihood and Bayesian) were performed for change from baseline in Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) score (primary outcome) and MG-Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL). Pre-specified subgroup analyses examined refractory status and dose. Certainty of evidence was rated by GRADE.",
        "Results": "Eight studies were included (one phase 2 randomized trial and seven retrospective cohorts; 152 telitacicept-exposed patients). At week 24, the pooled QMG change was −6.28 points (95% CI −8.91 to −3.66; I² = 89.5%; Bayesian posterior probability exceeding the minimum clinically important difference = 0.967), and the pooled MG-ADL change was −4.39 points (95% CI −5.27 to −3.51). The effect was substantially smaller in refractory cohorts (−2.6 versus −8.0 points; meta-regression p = 0.011). The 95% prediction interval for QMG at week 24 was −12.3 to −0.3 points. Safety was favorable, with no deaths and one serious adverse event (pneumonia) across 152 patients. GRADE certainty was LOW for primary efficacy outcomes.",
        "Conclusions": "Telitacicept was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in QMG and MG-ADL in generalized myasthenia gravis, with greater benefit in non-refractory disease and a favorable short-term safety profile. Predominantly Chinese retrospective evidence, substantial between-study heterogeneity, and the absence of a peer-reviewed phase 3 publication tempered certainty.",
        "Disclosures": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS: Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose.\nShankar Biswas, MD: Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose.\nSindhu Vasireddy, MD: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose.\nYashasvi Srivastava, MBBS: Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose.\nSimran Arora, MBBS: Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose.\nAnagha Shankar: Miss Shankar has nothing to disclose.\nSai Pratibha Yandamuri: Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Telitacicept was associated with clinically meaningful improvements in QMG and MG-ADL in generalized myasthenia gravis, with greater benefit in non-refractory disease and a favorable short-term safety profile. Predominantly Chinese retrospective evidence, substantial between-study heterogeneity, and the absence of a peer-reviewed phase 3 publication tempered certainty.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65187",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65187",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65188",
      "source_id": "65188",
      "abstract_number": "1-013",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-013",
      "title": "Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Human Normal Immune Globulin 10% in Stiff Person Syndrome",
      "authors": "Miranda Norton, PhD; Aaron Kleyn, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Miranda Norton, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Miranda Norton, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Miranda Norton",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Norton has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Bio Products Laboratory Ltd, doing business as Kedrion Biopharma UK."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aaron Kleyn, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Aaron Kleyn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kleyn has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kedrion Biopharma, Inc. ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Miranda Norton",
        "Aaron Kleyn"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Miranda Norton, PhD; Aaron Kleyn, PhD",
        "Objective": "Assess the efficacy and safety of a 10% intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV) in patients with stiff person syndrome (SPS).",
        "Background": "SPS is an ultra-rare, progressive autoimmune neurological disorder defined by fluctuating muscle rigidity and painful spasms in the trunk and limbs. Currently, treatment focuses on symptomatic relief through GABA-enhancing drugs, and immunotherapy which includes off-label use of IVIG or immunosuppressive agents. QIVIGY is a 10% IGIV licensed in the US for treatment of adults with primary humoral immunodeficiency.",
        "Design/Methods": "NCT07552987 is a phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group multi-center study assessing the efficacy and safety of QIVIGY administered every 4 weeks to adults with SPS, for 24 weeks, followed by an optional open label extension (OLE) for an additional 24 weeks. Approximately 38 subjects will be enrolled. Subjects will be 18-70 years old, with a documented SPS diagnosis, GAD65 or glycine-receptor antibody positive, a distribution of stiffness score of ≥2, paravertebral stiffness and torso/lower extremity predominance, and not bed-bound or wheelchair-dependent. Subjects will be randomized at the Baseline Visit in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 2 g/kg or an equivalent volume of placebo (each infusion over 2-5 days). From weeks 24 to 48, subjects will receive QIVIGY 2 g/kg every 4 weeks in the OLE. Subjects will continue to receive stable symptomatic therapy throughout the trial.",
        "Results": "The primary efficacy endpoint is the proportion of participants showing an improvement on the Timed 25-Foot Walk from baseline to week 24. Secondary efficacy endpoints include changes in the distribution of stiffness index, heightened sensitivity scale, modified Rankin scale, Neuro-QOL, and Pain Interference score. Safety endpoints include adverse events.",
        "Conclusions": "This randomized, first multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose QIVIGY in patients with classic SPS, addressing an important unmet need in this ultra-rare disorder.",
        "Disclosures": "Miranda Norton, PhD: Dr. Norton has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Bio Products Laboratory Ltd, doing business as Kedrion Biopharma UK.\nAaron Kleyn, PhD: Dr. Kleyn has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kedrion Biopharma, Inc. ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This randomized, first multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose QIVIGY in patients with classic SPS, addressing an important unmet need in this ultra-rare disorder.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65188",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65188",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65189",
      "source_id": "65189",
      "abstract_number": "1-014",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-014",
      "title": "Identification of a Novel Mitochondrial Alanyl tRNA Synthetase 2 (AARS2) Heterozygous Gene Variant in a Caucasian Woman with AARS2 Leukodystrophy Presenting as a Demyelinating Disease Mimic",
      "authors": "Dhara Mehta, DO; Saher Choudhary, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Dhara Mehta, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Dhara Mehta, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Dhara Mehta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saher Choudhary, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Saher Choudhary",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Choudhary has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Dhara Mehta",
        "Saher Choudhary"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Dhara Mehta, DO; Saher Choudhary, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Prisma Health-Upstate/USC-SOM Greenville",
        "Objective": "To report a novel AARS2 gene sequence variant with associated clinical, paraclinical, radiologic, and whole genome sequence (WGS) findings in a patient presenting as a demyelinating disease mimic.",
        "Background": "Genetic adult onset leukodystrophies (AOLD) often pose a diagnostic challenge. Recent retrospective cohort studies show a diagnostic delay of up to 9 years with nearly 25% of AOLD being initially misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis or frontotemporal dementia leading to unnecessary treatments. This continued diagnostic uncertainty is in part due to the limited knowledge of the phenotypical spectrum of genetic mutations. The AARS2 (OMIM612035) is a nuclear gene on chromosome 6p21.1 encoding the mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase for mitochondrial protein translation. Reported mutations in this gene span two extremely rare distinct phenotypes - infantile cardiomyopathy and AOLD with premature ovarian failure. To date, less than 50 cases have been reported with AARS2 mutations with an ill-defined phenotypic spectrum.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "We identified a 43-year-old Caucasian female patient who originally presented with clinical syndrome consistent with autoimmune encephalitis. MRI showed multifocal white matter lesions leading to a later diagnosis of atypical demyelinating disease. A history of premature ovarian failure in conjunction with the MRI findings prompted WGS. Patient was then found to carry a novel AARS2 heterozygous variant defined as c.304G>A, predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Val102Met that has never been reported. Additionally, she was found to have ~4.1kb deletion corresponding to deletion boundary via NGS of chr 6:44,274,355-44,278,496 (GRCh37/hg19) that has been reported in other neurodegenerative diseases but has not been associated with AARS2 leukodystrophy with premature ovarian failure.",
        "Conclusions": "Our findings highlight the clinical, paraclinical and radiologic findings of genetic AOLD at diagnostic cross junction with demyelinating diseases. These findings extend the utility of WGS in expanding the mutational spectrum and add to the scarcity of literature regarding adult onset AARS2 leukodystrophy.",
        "Disclosures": "Dhara Mehta, DO: Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose.\nSaher Choudhary, MD: Dr. Choudhary has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our findings highlight the clinical, paraclinical and radiologic findings of genetic AOLD at diagnostic cross junction with demyelinating diseases. These findings extend the utility of WGS in expanding the mutational spectrum and add to the scarcity of literature regarding adult onset AARS2 leukodystrophy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65189",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65189",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 311
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65190",
      "source_id": "65190",
      "abstract_number": "1-015",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-015",
      "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Claseprubart, an Active C1s Inhibitor, in Patients with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis",
      "authors": "Tuan H. Vu, MD; Stojan Peric, MD, PhD; Pushpa Narayanaswami, MD, MBBS, FAAN; Marek Smilowski, MD, PhD; Agnieszka Slowik, MD, FAAN; Sankalp S. Gokhale, MD; Caitlin Briggs; Uzma H. Siddiqui, MD; Simrat Randhawa, MD; Matt I. Truman; Luke Hickey; Shahar Shelly, MD; John Vissing, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Tuan H. Vu, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Tuan H. Vu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tuan H. Vu",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of South Florida",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stojan Peric, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Stojan Peric",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for European Journal of Neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pushpa Narayanaswami, MD, MBBS, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Pushpa Narayanaswami",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CVS. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx USA. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD pharma. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD-Serono (Merck usa). Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immuneabs. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viridian. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cabaletta-Bio. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunovant. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Bio. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for regeneron. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Muscle and Nerve, Wiley. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Cabaletta Bio. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Dianthus. Dr. Narayanaswami has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Narayanaswami has a non-compensated relationship as a Member, Finance Committee with AANEM that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marek Smilowski, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Marek Smilowski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smilowski has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Agnieszka Slowik, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Agnieszka Slowik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Jagiellonian University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Slowik has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boehringer, . Dr. Slowik has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Slowik has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sankalp S. Gokhale, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sankalp S. Gokhale",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gokhale has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus. Dr. Gokhale has stock in Dianthus."
        },
        {
          "name": "Caitlin Briggs",
          "normalized_name": "Caitlin Briggs",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Briggs has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Briggs has stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Uzma H. Siddiqui, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Uzma H. Siddiqui",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Siddiqui has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simrat Randhawa, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Simrat Randhawa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Randhawa has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Matt I. Truman",
          "normalized_name": "Matt I. Truman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Mr. Truman has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Truman has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Aurinia Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luke Hickey",
          "normalized_name": "Luke Hickey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hickey has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Mr. Hickey has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shahar Shelly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shahar Shelly",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rambam Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shelly has or had stock in Remepy."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Vissing, MD",
          "normalized_name": "John Vissing",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rigshospitalet",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Denali Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avidity Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Italfarmaco. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson (Janssen). Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Edgewise Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Rigshospitalet. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Avidity. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Roche. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from AnnJi."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Tuan H. Vu",
        "Stojan Peric",
        "Pushpa Narayanaswami",
        "Marek Smilowski",
        "Agnieszka Slowik",
        "Sankalp S. Gokhale",
        "Caitlin Briggs",
        "Uzma H. Siddiqui",
        "Simrat Randhawa",
        "Matt I. Truman",
        "Luke Hickey",
        "Shahar Shelly",
        "John Vissing"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of South Florida",
        "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center",
        "Jagiellonian University",
        "Rambam Medical Center",
        "Rigshospitalet"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of South Florida",
        "Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center",
        "Jagiellonian University",
        "Rambam Medical Center",
        "Rigshospitalet"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Tuan H. Vu, MD; Stojan Peric, MD, PhD; Pushpa Narayanaswami, MD, MBBS, FAAN; Marek Smilowski, MD, PhD; Agnieszka Slowik, MD, FAAN; Sankalp S. Gokhale, MD; Caitlin Briggs; Uzma H. Siddiqui, MD; Simrat Randhawa, MD; Matt I. Truman; Luke Hickey; Shahar Shelly, MD; John Vissing, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of South Florida\nBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center\nJagiellonian University\nRambam Medical Center\nRigshospitalet",
        "Objective": "The MaGic trial assessed the safety and efficacy of claseprubart in adults with acetylcholine receptor antibody positive (AChR+) generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG).",
        "Background": "The classical complement pathway plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of gMG. Claseprubart is a monoclonal antibody that targets the classical pathway by inhibiting active C1s (aC1s).",
        "Design/Methods": "MaGic (NCT06282159) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 study. 65 participants with AChR+ gMG were randomized 1:1:1 to receive: claseprubart 300mg (Q2W), claseprubart 600 mg (Q2W), or placebo for 13 weeks, followed by a 52-week open-label extension and 40-week safety follow-up. Endpoints at 13 weeks included safety, tolerability, efficacy (MG activities of daily living (MG-ADL), Quantitative MG score (QMG), Minimal Symptom Expression (MSE) and MG Composite scale (MGC).",
        "Results": "Claseprubart was well tolerated with no serious adverse events, no serious bacterial infections, and no autoimmune activation. Injection site reactions were infrequent and mild to moderate. At Week 13, claseprubart improved MG-ADL by 4.6 (p=0.0113) for 300mg, 5.4 (p=0.0006) for 600mg, and 2.8 for placebo (no significant difference between active treatment arms). Significant improvement in MG-ADL was observed as early as Week 1. At Week 13, claseprubart 300mg improved QMG by 4.4 (p=0.0144), claseprubart 600mg by 4.5 (p=0.0111), and 2.0 for placebo. MSE was achieved by 37% (300mg) and 27% (600 mg) versus 14% for placebo. MGC for 300 mg was 8.7 (p=0.0008), 8.6 (p=0.0008) for 600 mg versus 3.1 for placebo.",
        "Conclusions": "With a favorable safety profile, claseprubart demonstrated rapid, statistically significant, and clinically meaningful improvements in MG-ADL, QMG, MGC.",
        "Disclosures": "Tuan H. Vu, MD: Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive.\nStojan Peric, MD, PhD: Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Dr. Peric has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for European Journal of Neurology.\nPushpa Narayanaswami, MD, MBBS, FAAN: Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CVS. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx USA. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD pharma. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD-Serono (Merck usa). Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immuneabs. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Viridian. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cabaletta-Bio. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Immunovant. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartesian. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Vor Bio. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for regeneron. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Muscle and Nerve, Wiley. Dr. Narayanaswami has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Cabaletta Bio. The institution of Dr. Narayanaswami has received research support from Dianthus. Dr. Narayanaswami has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Narayanaswami has a non-compensated relationship as a Member, Finance Committee with AANEM that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nMarek Smilowski, MD, PhD: Dr. Smilowski has nothing to disclose.\nAgnieszka Slowik, MD, FAAN: Dr. Slowik has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Boehringer, . Dr. Slowik has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Slowik has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis.\nSankalp S. Gokhale, MD: Dr. Gokhale has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus. Dr. Gokhale has stock in Dianthus.\nCaitlin Briggs: Dr. Briggs has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Dr. Briggs has stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nUzma H. Siddiqui, MD: Dr. Siddiqui has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nSimrat Randhawa, MD: Dr. Randhawa has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics.\nMatt I. Truman: The institution of Mr. Truman has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Truman has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Aurinia Pharmaceuticals.\nLuke Hickey: Mr. Hickey has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Dianthus Therapeutics. Mr. Hickey has or had stock in Dianthus Therapeutics.\nShahar Shelly, MD: Dr. Shelly has or had stock in Remepy.\nJohn Vissing, MD: Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dyne Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Denali Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amicus therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avidity Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Italfarmaco. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NMD Pharma. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Avidity. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sarepta. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson (Janssen). Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Edgewise Therapeutics. Prof. Vissing has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Rigshospitalet. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Avidity. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from Roche. The institution of Prof. Vissing has received research support from AnnJi."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "With a favorable safety profile, claseprubart demonstrated rapid, statistically significant, and clinically meaningful improvements in MG-ADL, QMG, MGC.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22367",
          "title": "C5 - Inflammatory Myopathies and Autoimmune Neuromuscular Junction Disorders",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22367",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by educational grants from Alexion Pharmaceuticals and argenx US Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Thomas E. Lloyd, MD, PhD, Ericka P. Greene, MD, FAAN",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify the clinical features, electrophysiologic findings, and serologic markers that aid in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders and inflammatory myopathies; apply current diagnostic criteria and testing strategies to differentiate inflammatory myopathies from other causes of muscle weakness and neuromuscular dysfunction; and evaluate evidence-based treatment options for inflammatory myopathies, including immunomodulatory therapies, and develop individualized management plans based on disease subtype, severity, and patient-specific factors.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65190",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65190",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 272
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65191",
      "source_id": "65191",
      "abstract_number": "1-016",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-016",
      "title": "Rescue Therapy Handling and Treatment Effect Estimates: A Post Hoc Analysis From the PREVAIL Trial of Gefurulimab in gMG",
      "authors": "Tuan H. Vu, MD; Shulian Shang, PhD; Francesco Sacca, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Tuan H. Vu, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Tuan H. Vu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tuan H. Vu",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of South Florida",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shulian Shang, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shulian Shang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Shang has stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Francesco Sacca, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Francesco Sacca",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Federico II",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lexeo. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genpharm. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medpharma. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Madison Pharma. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Zai Lab. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Reata. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Neopharm Israel. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson&Johnson. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astrazeneca. The institution of Dr. Sacca has received research support from AIFA. The institution of Dr. Sacca has received research support from FARA."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Tuan H. Vu",
        "Shulian Shang",
        "Francesco Sacca"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of South Florida",
        "University Federico II"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of South Florida",
        "University Federico II"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Tuan H. Vu, MD; Shulian Shang, PhD; Francesco Sacca, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of South Florida\nUniversity Federico II",
        "Objective": "To explore the impact of different strategies for handling rescue therapy on the treatment effect using data from the phase 3 PREVAIL trial (NCT05556096).",
        "Background": "Generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) trials commonly allow rescue therapy for clinical deteriorations or exacerbations. As patients are likely to benefit from rescue therapy, treatment effect estimates for the investigational treatment can potentially be confounded, especially when the frequency, duration, and timing of rescue therapy are not balanced across arms. Different strategies have been employed to address rescue therapy use and its impact on estimated treatment effects.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adults with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive gMG were randomized 1:1 to weekly subcutaneous self-administration of gefurulimab or placebo. The primary analysis estimated treatment effects using a treatment policy strategy. This post hoc analysis compared treatment effects in Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) and Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) total scores at week 26 using 3 methods to account for patients receiving rescue therapy: (1) imputation with the worst score of the same subject before rescue; (2) multiple imputations with the bottom 10% scores of the same treatment group; or (3) censored after rescue.",
        "Results": "260 patients were randomized (gefurulimab, n=131; placebo, n=129). Demographics and baseline disease characteristics were balanced; rescue therapy was used by 5.3% and 12.4% of patients receiving gefurulimab and placebo, respectively. The primary analysis included all data in the analysis regardless of rescue therapy use; mean (SD) treatment difference was -1.6 (0.40) and -2.1 (0.50) for MG-ADL and QMG scores, respectively. The treatment difference varied with strategies 1-3 (mean [SD]: MG-ADL, -1.9 [0.42], -2.0 [0.42], and -1.9 [0.42]; QMG, -2.3 [0.51], -2.0 [0.52], and -2.1 [0.51]), all remained statistically significant.",
        "Conclusions": "Estimated treatment effects varied with rescue therapy handling methodology, highlighting the need to account for rescue therapies when interpreting trial results to prevent bias and inappropriate conclusions.",
        "Disclosures": "Tuan H. Vu, MD: Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen (Horizon). Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from RA Pharma/UCB. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from ARGENX. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Horizon/Amgen. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Cartesian Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Regeneron. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from Dianthus. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from COUR. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from NMD Pharma. The institution of Dr. Vu has received research support from VOR. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with AcademicCME. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with CMEO. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with PER. Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Faculty with MedLive.\nShulian Shang, PhD: Dr. Shang has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Shang has stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease.\nFrancesco Sacca, MD, FAAN: Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lexeo. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genpharm. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medpharma. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Madison Pharma. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Zai Lab. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Reata. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Neopharm Israel. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson&Johnson. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Sacca has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astrazeneca. The institution of Dr. Sacca has received research support from AIFA. The institution of Dr. Sacca has received research support from FARA."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Estimated treatment effects varied with rescue therapy handling methodology, highlighting the need to account for rescue therapies when interpreting trial results to prevent bias and inappropriate conclusions.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65191",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65191",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 320
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65192",
      "source_id": "65192",
      "abstract_number": "1-017",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-017",
      "title": "Whole Genome Sequencing in Adult Neuroimmunology Clinic: A Single Center Experience",
      "authors": "Ayush Gupta, MD; Sulafa G. Saffarini, MD; Elizabeth A. Hartman, MD, FAAN; Rana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN; Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ayush Gupta, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ayush Gupta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ayush Gupta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sulafa G. Saffarini, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sulafa G. Saffarini",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "university of nebraska medical center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saffarini has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elizabeth A. Hartman, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Elizabeth A. Hartman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Hartman has or had stock in Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Rana K. Zabad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Nebraska Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene/BMS. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva Neurosciences. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Teva. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Adamas. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Sun Pharma. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Parexel & MedDay Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Nebraska Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arcot Jayagopal has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ayush Gupta",
        "Sulafa G. Saffarini",
        "Elizabeth A. Hartman",
        "Rana K. Zabad",
        "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "university of nebraska medical center",
        "Nebraska Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "university of nebraska medical center",
        "Nebraska Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ayush Gupta, MD; Sulafa G. Saffarini, MD; Elizabeth A. Hartman, MD, FAAN; Rana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN; Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD",
        "Affiliations": "university of nebraska medical center\nNebraska Medical Center",
        "Objective": "To describe diagnostic yield of whole exome (WES)/whole genome sequencing (WGS) testing in adult white matter diseases mimicking multiple sclerosis/neuroimmunological disorders. To describe clinical, radiological features and treatment decisions made in select cases of white matter disease with pathogenic variants identified through such genetic testing.",
        "Background": "An increasing number of monogenic mimics of neuro-inflammatory diseases are being identified through availability of genetic testing. Research remains limited in its utility in neuroimmunology clinic adults. We describe our single center experience of utility of such testing in terms of diagnostic yield and select examples of complex diagnoses and the impact of broad genetic testing on patient management.",
        "Design/Methods": "This is a retrospective cases series of patients tested between 07/2025- 05/2026 with WES or WGS. We describe clinical and imaging characteristics of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and cumulative data on our experience in the clinic.",
        "Results": "WGS/WES was completed in 14; results for 6 remain pending. Among completed cases, 4 (28%) yielded pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and 6 (42%) had variants of uncertain significance (VUSes) with strong phenotypic correlation. 1 patient had three pathogenic variants explaining her complex symptomatology. Genetic etiologies included CSF1R disease, PSEN1 -related dementia, channelopathies ( CACNA1A1 ), NOTCH3 and 15q26 duplication disorder. Genomic testing findings led to reclassification of possible CNS demyelination/Multiple sclerosis in 3 patients and treatment modification in 1 patient. Other patients with VUSes (6/15) are planned to get functional testing/RNA sequencing for variant reclassification.",
        "Conclusions": "There is an increasing need to use WGS/WES when diagnostic red flags are present in cases of suspected neuro-immune disorders.",
        "Disclosures": "Ayush Gupta, MD: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nSulafa G. Saffarini, MD: Dr. Saffarini has nothing to disclose.\nElizabeth A. Hartman, MD, FAAN: An immediate family member of Dr. Hartman has or had stock in Amgen.\nRana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN: Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene/BMS. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva Neurosciences. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Teva. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Adamas. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Sun Pharma. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Parexel & MedDay Pharmaceuticals.\nLakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD: Dr. Arcot Jayagopal has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "There is an increasing need to use WGS/WES when diagnostic red flags are present in cases of suspected neuro-immune disorders.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22382",
          "title": "C19 - Focus on Emerging Diagnostics",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22382",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Adrian Budhram, MD, Alessandro Dinoto, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to explain current and emerging methods for neural antibody discovery in autoimmune neurology; apply best practices for the interpretation of neural antibody testing and avoidance of diagnostic pitfalls; and assess the clinical utility of neural injury biomarkers in patients with autoimmune neurological disorders.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice, Quality Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65192",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65192",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 264
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65193",
      "source_id": "65193",
      "abstract_number": "1-018",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-018",
      "title": "Myositis-specific Antibody Testing: Methods Matter!",
      "authors": "Lisa K. Peterson, PhD; Tom B. Martins, MS; Arevik Ghazaryan, PhD; Merina Toninelli; Leo Lin, MD, PhD; Dorota Lebiedz-Odrobina, MD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Lisa K. Peterson, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Lisa K. Peterson, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lisa K. Peterson",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "ARUP Laboratories",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AliveDx. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Clinical Biochemistry. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Lab Q for ASCP. Dr. Peterson has a non-compensated relationship as a President with Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tom B. Martins, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Tom B. Martins",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Martins has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Arevik Ghazaryan, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Arevik Ghazaryan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ghazaryan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Merina Toninelli",
          "normalized_name": "Merina Toninelli",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Merina Toninelli has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leo Lin, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Leo Lin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dorota Lebiedz-Odrobina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dorota Lebiedz-Odrobina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lebiedz-Odrobina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Lisa K. Peterson",
        "Tom B. Martins",
        "Arevik Ghazaryan",
        "Merina Toninelli",
        "Leo Lin",
        "Dorota Lebiedz-Odrobina",
        "Tammy L. Smith"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "ARUP Laboratories",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "ARUP Laboratories",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Lisa K. Peterson, PhD; Tom B. Martins, MS; Arevik Ghazaryan, PhD; Merina Toninelli; Leo Lin, MD, PhD; Dorota Lebiedz-Odrobina, MD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "ARUP Laboratories\nImaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Objective": "Evaluate the recently developed particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) assay for the detection of MSA in comparison to line immunoblot assay (LIA), multiplex bead assay (MBA), and/or immunoprecipitation (IP).",
        "Background": "Myositis-specific antibodies (MSA) represent important diagnostic tools for people with inflammatory muscle disease. Variability in testing methods between labs can result in challenges for clinicians interpreting these results. IP remains the gold standard, but other assays offer antigen-specific testing with simplified laboratory methods.",
        "Design/Methods": "Myositis-specific antibodies (MSA) represent important diagnostic tools for people with inflammatory muscle disease. Variability in testing methods between labs can result in challenges for clinicians interpreting these results. IP remains the gold standard, but other assays offer antigen-specific testing with simplified laboratory methods.",
        "Results": "We report on the frequency of detection of MSA in a reference laboratory setting, including the agreement between PMAT, IP, LIA, and/or MBA. We describe the clinical characteristics of University of Utah patients positive for MSA using these methods.",
        "Conclusions": "We report on the frequency of detection of MSA in a reference laboratory setting, including the agreement between PMAT, IP, LIA, and/or MBA. We describe the clinical characteristics of University of Utah patients positive for MSA using these methods.",
        "Disclosures": "Lisa K. Peterson, PhD: Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Werfen. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AliveDx. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Clinical Biochemistry. Dr. Peterson has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Lab Q for ASCP. Dr. Peterson has a non-compensated relationship as a President with Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nTom B. Martins, MS: Mr. Martins has nothing to disclose.\nArevik Ghazaryan, PhD: Dr. Ghazaryan has nothing to disclose.\nMerina Toninelli: Merina Toninelli has nothing to disclose.\nLeo Lin, MD, PhD: Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose.\nDorota Lebiedz-Odrobina, MD: Dr. Lebiedz-Odrobina has nothing to disclose.\nTammy L. Smith, MD, PhD: Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We report on the frequency of detection of MSA in a reference laboratory setting, including the agreement between PMAT, IP, LIA, and/or MBA. We describe the clinical characteristics of University of Utah patients positive for MSA using these methods.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65193",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65193",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 195
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65194",
      "source_id": "65194",
      "abstract_number": "1-019",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-019",
      "title": "Retinal Vasculitis with Amaurosis Fugax in an Adult with a Cutaneous Polyarteritis Nodosa Phenotype: An Under-recognized Presentation of Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (DADA 2)",
      "authors": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS; kathryn rogan, PA; Ashley Wentworth, MD; Jason Sluzevich, MD; Michael W. Stewart, MD; Karthik Muthusamy, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rajavoor Muniswamy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "kathryn rogan, PA",
          "normalized_name": "kathryn rogan, PA",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss rogan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley Wentworth, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley Wentworth",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wentworth has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jason Sluzevich, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jason Sluzevich",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sluzevich has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael W. Stewart, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael W. Stewart",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer. Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Regeneron. Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Revana. Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Regeneron."
        },
        {
          "name": "Karthik Muthusamy, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Karthik Muthusamy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muthusamy has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy",
        "kathryn rogan, PA",
        "Ashley Wentworth",
        "Jason Sluzevich",
        "Michael W. Stewart",
        "Karthik Muthusamy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS; kathryn rogan, PA; Ashley Wentworth, MD; Jason Sluzevich, MD; Michael W. Stewart, MD; Karthik Muthusamy, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To describe an adult-onset presentation of deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) that mimicked cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (cPAN) for over ten years until acute retinal ischemia prompted a molecular diagnosis, and to propose chronic nail-bed splinter hemorrhages as an additional cutaneous clue in DADA2.",
        "Background": "DADA2 is a rare monogenic autoinflammatory vasculopathy that usually presents in childhood with recurrent lacunar strokes. Adult-onset disease without cerebral infarction is under-recognized and frequently misclassified as idiopathic vasculitis or cPAN, which often delays the diagnosis.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 55-year-old woman with history of recurrent lower-extremity cutaneous eruptions and fevers beginning in her mid-30s evolved to persistent livedo reticularis accompanied by chronic nail-bed splinter hemorrhages. At age 43, she developed sudden painless unilateral vision loss from a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) with cotton-wool spots and retinal vasculitis. Brain MRI showed no cerebral infarction, and workup for embolic and thrombotic etiologies was unrevealing. Skin biopsy demonstrated medium-vessel vasculitis confined to the subcutis, which is histologically characteristic of cPAN. Although the livedo reticularis and biopsy findings were typical of cPAN, the splinter hemorrhages and CRAO suggested vascular involvement beyond the medium-vessel territory of cPAN, which prompted a reconsideration of the diagnosis.",
        "Results": "Targeted genetic testing identified compound heterozygous pathogenic ADA2 variants (c.336C>G, p.His112Gln; c.882-1G>A), thereby confirming DADA2. Treatment with adalimumab achieved sustained clinical stability without additional ischemic events.",
        "Conclusions": "Chronic nail-bed splinter hemorrhages, an under-recognized cutaneous manifestation of DADA2, should prompt consideration of this diagnosis in adults with a cPAN-like phenotype, particularly when accompanied by retinal ischemia. This underscores the importance of general examination in Neurology. Early recognition redirects management from empiric immunosuppression to disease-modifying anti-TNF therapy.",
        "Disclosures": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS: Dr. Rajavoor Muniswamy has nothing to disclose.\nkathryn rogan, PA: Miss rogan has nothing to disclose.\nAshley Wentworth, MD: Dr. Wentworth has nothing to disclose.\nJason Sluzevich, MD: Dr. Sluzevich has nothing to disclose.\nMichael W. Stewart, MD: Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer. Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Regeneron. Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Revana. Dr. Stewart has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Regeneron.\nKarthik Muthusamy, MBBS: Dr. Muthusamy has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Chronic nail-bed splinter hemorrhages, an under-recognized cutaneous manifestation of DADA2, should prompt consideration of this diagnosis in adults with a cPAN-like phenotype, particularly when accompanied by retinal ischemia. This underscores the importance of general examination in Neurology. Early recognition redirects management from empiric immunosuppression to disease-modifying anti-TNF therapy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65194",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65194",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 271
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65195",
      "source_id": "65195",
      "abstract_number": "1-020",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-020",
      "title": "Unique Pattern of Intracranial Calcification: Neuroimaging Signature Distinguishing CSF1R-related Disorder from Autoimmune Encephalopathy",
      "authors": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS; Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS; Max Herman, MD; Iris V. Marin Collazo, MD; Zbigniew K. Wszolek, MD, FAAN; Karthik Muthusamy, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rajavoor Muniswamy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sidharth Suresh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Suresh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Max Herman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Max Herman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Herman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Iris V. Marin Collazo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Iris V. Marin Collazo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marin Collazo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zbigniew K. Wszolek, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Zbigniew K. Wszolek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic- Jacksonville",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wszolek has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Polish Neurological Society/Via Medica. Dr. Wszolek has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Karthik Muthusamy, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Karthik Muthusamy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muthusamy has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy",
        "Sidharth Suresh",
        "Max Herman",
        "Iris V. Marin Collazo",
        "Zbigniew K. Wszolek",
        "Karthik Muthusamy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic- Jacksonville"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic- Jacksonville"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS; Sidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS; Max Herman, MD; Iris V. Marin Collazo, MD; Zbigniew K. Wszolek, MD, FAAN; Karthik Muthusamy, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic- Jacksonville",
        "Objective": "To define the neuroimaging (MRI+CT) signature of CSF1R-related disorder, to establish imaging discriminators that should prompt early genetic evaluation.",
        "Background": "CSF1R-related disorder usually presents with adult-onset rapidly progressive white matter disease, seizures, and cognitive decline, a phenotype that usually triggers initial autoimmune workup and empiric immunotherapy in clinical practice. Key discriminating imaging features, including parenchymal calcifications and diffusion changes, remain underutilized in autoimmune neurology workflows, contributing to diagnostic delay.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 37-year-old male presented with a four-year history of progressive neurologic disorder characterized by seizures, asymmetric weakness of extremities, dysarthria, urinary urgency, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. Physical exam demonstrated asymmetric spasticity and extrapyramidal involvement with rigidity and dystonia.",
        "Results": "Interval MRI brain demonstrated progressive T2 hyperintensities in periventricular and subcortical white matter involving frontal and parietal regions along with the corpus callosum and brain stem. Spine imaging demonstrated longitudinally extensive signal changes in the lateral and dorsal columns. Comprehensive autoimmune evaluation, including MOG-IgG, AQP4-IgG, and CSF analysis was unrevealing. Empiric trial of intravenous methylprednisolone administered elsewhere resulted in no clinical response. Review of DWI images demonstrated scattered areas of restricted diffusion within involved white matter. Non-contrast CT revealed callosal calcifications in a characteristic ‘stepping-stone’ pattern. This constellation of imaging finding is incompatible with autoimmune/inflammatory leukoencephalopathy, and is considered characteristic of CSF1R-related disorder. Trio whole genome sequencing confirmed a heterozygous paternally inherited CSF1R variant (p.Ala780Thr, tyrosine kinase domain). Management options were then directed toward hematopoietic stem cell transplantation evaluation alongside spasticity management and multidisciplinary rehabilitation.",
        "Conclusions": "CSF1R-related disorder has clinical and radiological overlap with autoimmune/inflammatory white matter disorders. Variability in the clinical spectrum and reduced penetrance with the absence of family history often leads to delay in suspicion and diagnostic evaluation. Identification of the radiologic hallmarks is paramount in prompting early genetic referral and consideration of potential treatment options including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.",
        "Disclosures": "Jai Kumar Rajavoor Muniswamy, MBBS: Dr. Rajavoor Muniswamy has nothing to disclose.\nSidharth Suresh, MD, MBBS: Dr. Suresh has nothing to disclose.\nMax Herman, MD: Dr. Herman has nothing to disclose.\nIris V. Marin Collazo, MD: Dr. Marin Collazo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG.\nZbigniew K. Wszolek, MD, FAAN: Dr. Wszolek has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Polish Neurological Society/Via Medica. Dr. Wszolek has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nKarthik Muthusamy, MBBS: Dr. Muthusamy has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CSF1R-related disorder has clinical and radiological overlap with autoimmune/inflammatory white matter disorders. Variability in the clinical spectrum and reduced penetrance with the absence of family history often leads to delay in suspicion and diagnostic evaluation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65195",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65195",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 304
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65196",
      "source_id": "65196",
      "abstract_number": "1-021",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-021",
      "title": "Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Inclusion Body Myositis: A Non-concurrent Cohort Study",
      "authors": "Sara Muhammad, MD; Grayson B. Beecher, MD; Ibrahim Shammas, MD; Jayawant N. Mandrekar, PhD; Elie Naddaf, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sara Muhammad, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sara Muhammad, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Muhammad",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muhammad has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grayson B. Beecher, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Grayson B. Beecher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Alberta",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Beecher has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ibrahim Shammas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ibrahim Shammas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shammas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jayawant N. Mandrekar, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jayawant N. Mandrekar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mandrekar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elie Naddaf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elie Naddaf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Naddaf has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Klick, Inc. Dr. Naddaf has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for WebMD. Dr. Naddaf has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arcellx. The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from NIAMS. The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from Abcuro. The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from Cabaletta . The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from Arcellx."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sara Muhammad",
        "Grayson B. Beecher",
        "Ibrahim Shammas",
        "Jayawant N. Mandrekar",
        "Elie Naddaf"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "University of Alberta",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "University of Alberta",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sara Muhammad, MD; Grayson B. Beecher, MD; Ibrahim Shammas, MD; Jayawant N. Mandrekar, PhD; Elie Naddaf, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Westchester Medical Center\nUniversity of Alberta\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "cardiovascular disease | inclusion body myositis | myocardial infarction | myositis",
        "Background": "Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, beyond inclusion body myositis (IBM), have demonstrated an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, particularly myocardial infarction (MI). This study evaluated the risk of cardiovascular disease in IBM.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a non-concurrent cohort study utilizing the expanded Rochester Epidemiologic Project, including 50 patients with IBM, matched 1:6 to age-, sex-, and calendar year-matched referents without IBM. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors were recorded. Differences in baseline covariates were adjusted by the inverse probability of treatment weighting method. Participants were followed from the index date forward to determine relative risks (RR) and hazard ratios (HR) for the development of cardiovascular outcomes including MI, ischemic stroke, cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure (CHF), and peripheral vascular disease (PVD).",
        "Results": "50 patients with IBM and 294 matched population referents were included. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors were similar between groups. Aspirin use was more common (28% vs. 18%, p = 0.03) and statin use less common (26% vs. 38%, p = 0.04) in IBM versus referents. Patients with IBM had an increased hazard of MI compared to referents [HR: 5.79, 95% CI (2.51, 13.36)]. The risk of MI remained consistently elevated across all models, after accounting for potential confounders. For PVD, 16/50 IBM patients versus 16/287 referents were excluded due to pre-existing PVD at index ( p < 0.001). Among remaining participants, RR for PVD was 2.38 (0.82, 6.9). IBM was not associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, cardiomyopathy, or CHF.",
        "Conclusions": "IBM is associated with increased risk of MI compared to population referents. Heightened cardiovascular monitoring and prevention strategies are needed in IBM.",
        "Disclosures": "Sara Muhammad, MD: Dr. Muhammad has nothing to disclose.\nGrayson B. Beecher, MD: Dr. Beecher has nothing to disclose.\nIbrahim Shammas, MD: Dr. Shammas has nothing to disclose.\nJayawant N. Mandrekar, PhD: Dr. Mandrekar has nothing to disclose.\nElie Naddaf, MD: Dr. Naddaf has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Klick, Inc. Dr. Naddaf has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for WebMD. Dr. Naddaf has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arcellx. The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from NIAMS. The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from Abcuro. The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from Cabaletta . The institution of Dr. Naddaf has received research support from Arcellx."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "IBM is associated with increased risk of MI compared to population referents. Heightened cardiovascular monitoring and prevention strategies are needed in IBM.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65196",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65196",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 276
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65197",
      "source_id": "65197",
      "abstract_number": "1-022",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-022",
      "title": "Asymmetric Necrotising Myopathy: Expanding the Late-onset Spectrum",
      "authors": "Apeksha Pokalkar, MBBS; Pranav Prabu, MD; Soumya Shrigiri, MBBS; Mahathi Krishna Gudapati, MBBS; Elif P. Coskun, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Apeksha Pokalkar, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Apeksha Pokalkar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Apeksha Pokalkar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "\"Dharm Villa\"",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pokalkar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pranav Prabu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Pranav Prabu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prabu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soumya Shrigiri, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Soumya Shrigiri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Of Kentucky",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shrigiri has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mahathi Krishna Gudapati, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mahathi Krishna Gudapati",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gudapati has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elif P. Coskun, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elif P. Coskun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "work",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Coskun has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Apeksha Pokalkar",
        "Pranav Prabu",
        "Soumya Shrigiri",
        "Mahathi Krishna Gudapati",
        "Elif P. Coskun"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "\"Dharm Villa\"",
        "University Of Kentucky",
        "work"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "\"Dharm Villa\"",
        "University Of Kentucky",
        "work"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Apeksha Pokalkar, MBBS; Pranav Prabu, MD; Soumya Shrigiri, MBBS; Mahathi Krishna Gudapati, MBBS; Elif P. Coskun, MD",
        "Affiliations": "\"Dharm Villa\"\nUniversity Of Kentucky\nwork",
        "Objective": "To characterise an elderly-onset case of anti-HMGCR IMNM manifesting with bulbar symptoms, asymmetric MRI findings and a rapid biochemical response to early IVIG therapy, thereby extending the clinical-radiologic phenotype described in literature.",
        "Background": "Anti-HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) immune-mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM) is a rare yet increasingly recognised myopathy that may evolve after statin withdrawal, reflecting loss of immune tolerance to the HMGCR antigen. Contemporary reviews report elderly-onset variants, but asymmetric muscle involvement with bulbar palsy and preserved renal function remain under characterised.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 70-year-old man presented with ten weeks of progressive proximal weakness and dysphagia, seven weeks after cessation of rosuvastatin ( 2.5mg daily) Creatine kinase 8,897 U/L; AST 248 U/L; troponin T 267 ng/L (normal echocardiogram). MRI of the thighs showed asymmetric myositis; swallow fluoroscopy demonstrated safe swallow without aspiration. Muscle biopsy revealed necrotising myopathy with minimal infiltration. Anti-HMGCR IgG 118 U confirmed the diagnosis. He received prednisone 40 mg/day and IVIG 2 g/kg over 5 days",
        "Results": "CK declined from 5,688 to 3,290 U/L within 72 hours of IVIG initiation, paralleling objective strength and dysphagia improvement. Troponin normalised, supporting skeletal cross-reactivity rather than myocarditis. The patient showed sustained functional recovery",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores key refinements in the evolving understanding of anti-HMGCR IMNM: Immune persistence can manifest weeks after statin withdrawal, confirming self-sustaining autoimmunity. Asymmetric muscle involvement broadens the classical symmetric paradigm False-positive troponin T elevation necessitates cardiac evaluation with modality-specific interpretation. Early IVIG initiation achieved rapid biochemical and clinical remission, aligning with modern endorsed protocols . Recognition of such late-onset, post-statin, IVIG-responsive presentations broadens the therapeutic window for prompt, targeted intervention in immune-mediated necrotising myopathies.",
        "Disclosures": "Apeksha Pokalkar, MBBS: Dr. Pokalkar has nothing to disclose.\nPranav Prabu, MD: Dr. Prabu has nothing to disclose.\nSoumya Shrigiri, MBBS: Dr. Shrigiri has nothing to disclose.\nMahathi Krishna Gudapati, MBBS: Dr. Gudapati has nothing to disclose.\nElif P. Coskun, MD: Dr. Coskun has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores key refinements in the evolving understanding of anti-HMGCR IMNM: Immune persistence can manifest weeks after statin withdrawal, confirming self-sustaining autoimmunity. Asymmetric muscle involvement broadens the classical symmetric paradigm False-positive troponin T elevation necessitates cardiac evaluation with modality-specific interpretation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65197",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65197",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 272
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65198",
      "source_id": "65198",
      "abstract_number": "1-023",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-023",
      "title": "Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Statin-associated Immune-mediated Necrotizing Myopathy: A Rare and Fatal Complication",
      "authors": "Saniya Ahmed, DO; Mateo Betancourt Escobar, MD; Robert E. Ungerer",
      "presenting_author": "Saniya Ahmed, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Saniya Ahmed, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Saniya Ahmed",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mateo Betancourt Escobar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mateo Betancourt Escobar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mateo Betancourt Escobar, MD has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Robert E. Ungerer",
          "normalized_name": "Robert E. Ungerer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Ungerer has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Saniya Ahmed",
        "Mateo Betancourt Escobar",
        "Robert E. Ungerer"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Saniya Ahmed, DO; Mateo Betancourt Escobar, MD; Robert E. Ungerer",
        "Objective": "Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is a rare autoimmune myopathy that can be seen with statin exposure, with characteristically rapidly progressive proximal muscle weakness. Here, we presented a severe case of a 70-year-old female who presented for rapidly progressive proximal muscle weakness that acutely progressed in the setting of increased dosage of statin, later complicated by bronchoscopy-confirmed alveolar hemorrhage. While extramuscular involvement is uncommon, pulmonary manifestations typically manifest as ILD, particularly in anti-SRP associated disease. Rarely, this can cause a rare but serious complication, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH).",
        "Background": "A 70-year-old female with history of ILD presented with rapidly progressive generalized weakness and myalgias. Neurologic examination revealed symmetric proximal greater than distal weakness (LE > UE) and bilateral Babinski signs, raising concern for a myopathic process with possible central involvement. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated severe rhabdomyolysis (CPK ~28,000 U/L), AKI (creatinine >5), and transaminitis. Further history identified recent up-titration of atorvastatin. Myopathy was confirmed after a left quadriceps biopsy, which suggested immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. The patient was treated with IVIG and statin therapy was discontinued. Despite immunotherapy, the patient developed progressive bulbar weakness with dysphagia and aspiration, followed by acute hypoxic respiratory failure requiring intubation. Bronchoscopy confirmed diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Treatment was expanded to IV corticosteroids and rituximab. Her course progressed to severe ARDS with refractory hypoxemia despite maximal supportive care.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case reviews the presentation of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, which includes a clinical history of subacute progressive proximal weakness with profound creatine kinase elevation, highlighting the importance of early neurologic involvement guiding diagnosis and immunotherapy. Rare complications include DAH, which can present as a catastrophic extramuscular manifestation of autoimmune myopathy. The pathophysiology may involve immune-mediated vascular injury, though mechanisms remain poorly understood. Early, aggressive immunotherapy-including IVIG, corticosteroids, and B-cell depletion-is recommended, but outcomes in severe systemic disease remain poor.",
        "Disclosures": "Saniya Ahmed, DO: Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose.\nMateo Betancourt Escobar, MD: Mateo Betancourt Escobar, MD has nothing to disclose.\nRobert E. Ungerer: Mr. Ungerer has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case reviews the presentation of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, which includes a clinical history of subacute progressive proximal weakness with profound creatine kinase elevation, highlighting the importance of early neurologic involvement guiding diagnosis and immunotherapy. Rare complications include DAH, which can present as a catastrophic extramuscular manifestation of autoimmune myopathy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65198",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65198",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65199",
      "source_id": "65199",
      "abstract_number": "1-024",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-024",
      "title": "Statin-induced Myopathy Beyond the Surface: Immune-mediated Necrotizing Myopathy Triggered by CYP3A4 Interaction",
      "authors": "Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS; Drishtdeum Malik; Reshma Kaushik",
      "presenting_author": "Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Akash Rawat",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rawat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Drishtdeum Malik",
          "normalized_name": "Drishtdeum Malik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Malik has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Reshma Kaushik",
          "normalized_name": "Reshma Kaushik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Reshma Kaushik has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Akash Rawat",
        "Drishtdeum Malik",
        "Reshma Kaushik"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS; Drishtdeum Malik; Reshma Kaushik",
        "Objective": "To highlight the role of CYP3A4-mediated drug interaction and renal dysfunction in precipitating severe statin-associated IMNM.",
        "Background": "Statins can rarely induce immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), an autoimmune myopathy often associated with anti-HMGCR antibodies. Drug interactions and comorbidities may significantly amplify this risk.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-patient observational report with clinical, biochemical, radiologic, electrodiagnostic, and histopathological correlation.",
        "Results": "A 72-year-old male with aplastic anemia (post-ATG) and prior PTCA presented with rapidly progressive proximal weakness, dysarthria, and bulbar dysfunction. He was receiving high-dose Atorvastatin (80 mg) and Cyclosporine. Examination showed quadriceps weakness (MRC 3/5) and absent gag reflex. Creatine kinase peaked at 51,586 IU/L with concurrent acute kidney injury (creatinine 3 mg/dL) and transaminitis. Nerve conduction studies revealed mixed polyneuropathy. MRI demonstrated diffuse edema of thigh musculature. Muscle biopsy revealed myofiber necrosis with minimal inflammatory infiltrate, consistent with necrotizing myopathy. Anti-HMGCR antibody testing was unavailable. Cyclosporine-mediated inhibition of the Cytochrome P450 3A4 pathway likely increased statin exposure, precipitating severe myotoxicity in the setting of renal dysfunction. Atorvastatin was discontinued. Despite corticosteroid therapy, progression necessitated escalation to immunosuppression, after which stabilization was achieved.",
        "Conclusions": "Statin-associated IMNM is a severe autoimmune myopathy that may present with rapid progression and bulbar involvement. Advanced age, renal dysfunction, and CYP3A4-mediated drug interactions significantly increase risk. In resource-limited settings, clinicopathologic correlation can support diagnosis in the absence of antibody testing. Early recognition is essential, as immunosuppressive therapy may be required beyond statin withdrawal.",
        "Disclosures": "Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS: Dr. Rawat has nothing to disclose.\nDrishtdeum Malik: Mr. Malik has nothing to disclose.\nReshma Kaushik: Reshma Kaushik has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Statin-associated IMNM is a severe autoimmune myopathy that may present with rapid progression and bulbar involvement. Advanced age, renal dysfunction, and CYP3A4-mediated drug interactions significantly increase risk. In resource-limited settings, clinicopathologic correlation can support diagnosis in the absence of antibody testing.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65199",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65199",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 233
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65200",
      "source_id": "65200",
      "abstract_number": "1-025",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-025",
      "title": "Safety and Efficacy of Satralizumab in Patients with Relapsing Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD): Results from the Phase 3 METEOROID Trial",
      "authors": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Tania Kuempfel, MD; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; KAZUO FUJIHARA, MD; Cheryl Hemingway; Daniela Stokmaier; Alessandro Noci; H.-Christian C. von Büdingen, MD, FAAN; Li Li, MD; Sayuri Tanaka; Friedemann Paul",
      "presenting_author": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Levy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tania Kuempfel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tania Kuempfel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen/Horizon."
        },
        {
          "name": "Romain Marignier, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Romain Marignier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Lyon University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE."
        },
        {
          "name": "KAZUO FUJIHARA, MD",
          "normalized_name": "KAZUO FUJIHARA",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Chugai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Tanabe. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Japan Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. FUJIHARA has received research support from Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Labor of Japan. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Roche. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speaker with Chugai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with UCB. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speaker with Tanabe. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Biogen. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Novartis. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Eisai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Takeda. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Superviser of interview form with KM Biologics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cheryl Hemingway",
          "normalized_name": "Cheryl Hemingway",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Cheryl Hemingway has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Cheryl Hemingway has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Cheryl Hemingway has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniela Stokmaier",
          "normalized_name": "Daniela Stokmaier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Daniela Stokmaier has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alessandro Noci",
          "normalized_name": "Alessandro Noci",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Noci has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Roche. Mr. Noci has or had stock in Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "H.-Christian C. von Büdingen, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "H.-Christian C. von Büdingen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd",
          "disclosure": "Dr. von Büdingen has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Dr. von Büdingen has or had stock in F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd."
        },
        {
          "name": "Li Li, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Li Li",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Li has or had stock in Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sayuri Tanaka",
          "normalized_name": "Sayuri Tanaka",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. TANAKA has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Chugai Pharmaceutical CO., LTD.."
        },
        {
          "name": "Friedemann Paul",
          "normalized_name": "Friedemann Paul",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hoffmann-La Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (BMS. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon Therapeutics GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for F&U Confirm. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb GesmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MICE Service. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VINDICO medical education. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Beijing Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sandoz Internation GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche Thailand. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology, Neuroimmunology&Neuroinflammation."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Michael Levy",
        "Tania Kuempfel",
        "Romain Marignier",
        "KAZUO FUJIHARA",
        "Cheryl Hemingway",
        "Daniela Stokmaier",
        "Alessandro Noci",
        "H.-Christian C. von Büdingen",
        "Li Li",
        "Sayuri Tanaka",
        "Friedemann Paul"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd",
        "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Institut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd",
        "Charite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Tania Kuempfel, MD; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; KAZUO FUJIHARA, MD; Cheryl Hemingway; Daniela Stokmaier; Alessandro Noci; H.-Christian C. von Büdingen, MD, FAAN; Li Li, MD; Sayuri Tanaka; Friedemann Paul",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nMassachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School\nInstitut for Klinische Neuroimmunologie\nLyon University Hospital\nF. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd\nCharite Universitatsmedizin in Berlin",
        "Objective": "To report primary and key secondary efficacy and safety results of the Phase 3 METEOROID (NCT05271409) study investigating satralizumab in patients with MOGAD.",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disease in which attacks can result in prominent neurological and visual disability, yet proven attack-prevention treatments are lacking. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has a key role in MOGAD pathogenesis. Satralizumab blocks the IL-6 receptor.",
        "Design/Methods": "METEOROID, a randomized, double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled study enrolled patients (≥12 years) with relapsing MOGAD (≥1 relapse in the last 12 months or ≥2 attacks in the last 24 months). Patients were randomized 1:1 to satralizumab or placebo ± concomitant immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Satralizumab was administered subcutaneously at Weeks 0, 2, 4 and Q4-weeks thereafter. The primary endpoint was time to first relapse, adjudicated by an independent committee. Key secondary endpoints evaluated relapse rate, active MRI lesions, need for rescue therapy and rate of hospitalizations. Safety was assessed.",
        "Results": "Overall, 132 patients randomly assigned to satralizumab (n=68) or placebo (n=64). Satralizumab treatment prolonged the time to first relapse versus placebo resulting in a 68% reduction in the risk of a new MOGAD relapse (hazard ratio: 0.32; 95% confidence interval: 0.15-0.70; p=0.0025). The proportion of relapse-free patients at 48 weeks was 87.3% (satralizumab) versus 66.5% (placebo). Consistency in efficacy was observed across subgroups. Key secondary endpoints of annualized relapse rate, annualized rate of active lesions and proportion of participants receiving rescue therapy were also statistically significant, with 66.3%, 78.5% and 72.5% risk-reductions, respectively, with satralizumab treatment. The rates of adverse events (AEs) and infections were comparable between groups; rates of serious AEs were low and unrelated to treatment. Treatment discontinuation rates were low.",
        "Conclusions": "Satralizumab significantly reduced the risk of attack in patients with relapsing MOGAD compared with placebo, with a favorable safety profile.",
        "Disclosures": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nMichael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health.\nTania Kuempfel, MD: Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Kuempfel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen/Horizon.\nRomain Marignier, MD, PhD: Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE.\nKAZUO FUJIHARA, MD: Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Chugai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Chugai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Tanabe. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Japan Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. FUJIHARA has received research support from Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Labor of Japan. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Roche. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speaker with Chugai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with UCB. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speaker with Tanabe. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Biogen. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Novartis. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Eisai. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Speaker with Takeda. Dr. FUJIHARA has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Superviser of interview form with KM Biologics.\nCheryl Hemingway: Cheryl Hemingway has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Cheryl Hemingway has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Cheryl Hemingway has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck.\nDaniela Stokmaier: Daniela Stokmaier has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Roche.\nAlessandro Noci: Mr. Noci has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Roche. Mr. Noci has or had stock in Roche.\nH.-Christian C. von Büdingen, MD, FAAN: Dr. von Büdingen has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Dr. von Büdingen has or had stock in F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.\nLi Li, MD: Mrs. Li has or had stock in Roche.\nSayuri Tanaka: Ms. TANAKA has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Chugai Pharmaceutical CO., LTD..\nFriedemann Paul: Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hoffmann-La Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (BMS. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon Therapeutics GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Hexal. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for F&U Confirm. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb GesmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for MICE Service. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for VINDICO medical education. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Beijing Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sandoz Internation GmbH. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche Thailand. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche . Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Paul has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology, Neuroimmunology&Neuroinflammation."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Satralizumab significantly reduced the risk of attack in patients with relapsing MOGAD compared with placebo, with a favorable safety profile.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22374",
          "title": "C12 - MOG-antibody Associated Disease",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22374",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from UCB Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "E. Ann Yeh, MD, MA, FRCPC, Jodie Roberts, MD, MSc, FRCPC",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the pathophysiology and immunologic basis of MOG-antibody associated disease (MOGAD); recognize the clinical phenotypes and diagnostic criteria used to identify MOGAD across age groups; differentiate MOGAD from related central nervous system demyelinating disorders, including NMOSD and multiple sclerosis; and apply current evidence-based strategies for the acute and long-term management of MOGAD, including relapse prevention.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65200",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65200",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65201",
      "source_id": "65201",
      "abstract_number": "1-026",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-026",
      "title": "Interleukin-6 Receptor Blockade for Relapse-prevention in MOGAD: A Multicenter Observational Study Across the Americas",
      "authors": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Georgios Gakis, MD; Andrea g. savransky, MD; Joao Vitor Mahler, MD; Linda Nguyen, MD, PhD; Sam Hooshmand, DO; Sammita Satyanarayan, MD; Carson Moseley, MD, PhD; Leah Haley; Chantal Roy-Hewitson, MD; Mariano Marrodan, MD; Adriana Casallas VANEGAS; Analisa Manin; Haiwen Chen, MD, PhD; Fabian Murillo; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Aniela Grzezulkowska, MD; Edgar Carnero Contentti; Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry; Margaret E. Upchurch, MD; Caitlin Tarlton, MD; Chu-Yueh Guo, MD; Michelle Fabian, MD, FAAN; Akash Virupakshaiah, MD; Stephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Mulan Jiang; Nathane B. Rezende, MD; Georgina Arrambide, MD, PhD; Cesar Caparo, MD; Rafael P. Dias-Carneiro, MD; Emmanuelle Waubant, MD, PhD, FAAN; Laura Ordonez, MD; Jorge D. Correale, MD; Andres M. Villa, MD; Dean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN; Brenda L. Banwell, MD, FAAN; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN; Susan Horsman, PharmD; Jeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN; Tracey Cho, MD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Andrew Solomon, MD, FAAN; Ilya Kister, MD, FAAN; Scott S. Zamvil, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN; Pavle Repovic, MD, PhD; Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD; Silvia Tenembaum, MD; John Chen; Elias S. Sotirchos, MD; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero."
        },
        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project."
        },
        {
          "name": "Georgios Gakis, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Georgios Gakis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gakis has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrea g. savransky, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea g. savransky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. savransky has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joao Vitor Mahler, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Joao Vitor Mahler",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mahler has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Linda Nguyen, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Linda Nguyen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UT Southwestern Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sam Hooshmand, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Sam Hooshmand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medical College of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen . The institution of Dr. Hooshmand has received research support from Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sammita Satyanarayan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sammita Satyanarayan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mount Sinai Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Satyanarayan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Health Monitor. Dr. Satyanarayan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carson Moseley, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Carson Moseley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Moseley has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Biogen. An immediate family member of Dr. Moseley has stock in Biogen. Dr. Moseley has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Dr. Moseley has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leah Haley",
          "normalized_name": "Leah Haley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Haley has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chantal Roy-Hewitson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Chantal Roy-Hewitson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Vermont Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Roy-Hewitson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pharma. Dr. Roy-Hewitson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pharma."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mariano Marrodan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mariano Marrodan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marrodan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adriana Casallas VANEGAS",
          "normalized_name": "Adriana Casallas VANEGAS",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Adriana Casallas VANEGAS has received research support from Ectrims ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Analisa Manin",
          "normalized_name": "Analisa Manin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Ramos Mejia",
          "disclosure": "Analisa Manin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Haiwen Chen, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Haiwen Chen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hopkins",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Chen has received research support from NINDS. The institution of Dr. Chen has received research support from SRNA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fabian Murillo",
          "normalized_name": "Fabian Murillo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Murillo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aniela Grzezulkowska, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Aniela Grzezulkowska",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Grzezulkowska has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Edgar Carnero Contentti",
          "normalized_name": "Edgar Carnero Contentti",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Edgar Carnero Contentti has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry",
          "normalized_name": "Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for biogen. Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for merck. Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Margaret E. Upchurch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Margaret E. Upchurch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Upchurch has received research support from National MS Society."
        },
        {
          "name": "Caitlin Tarlton, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Caitlin Tarlton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NSHA",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chu-Yueh Guo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Chu-Yueh Guo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Guo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michelle Fabian, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michelle Fabian",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mount Sinai Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fabian has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Akash Virupakshaiah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Akash Virupakshaiah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Virupakshaiah has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Stephanie Syc-Mazurek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Syc-Mazurek has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Resident and Fellows Section with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mulan Jiang",
          "normalized_name": "Mulan Jiang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Jiang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nathane B. Rezende, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nathane B. Rezende",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rezende has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Rezende has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Rezende has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Aztrazeneca. Dr. Rezende has received research support from ECTRIMS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Georgina Arrambide, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Georgina Arrambide",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Platform Adaptive Trial for remyelination and neuroprotection in mUltiple Sclerosis (PLATYPUS) . The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Sage. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received research support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Novartis. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Roche. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with ECTRIMS. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with EAN. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Executive Committee with iWiMS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with BioMS-eu that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering group with MOGAD Eugene Devic European Network (MEDEN) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the editorial and scientific committee with Acta Neurológica Colombiana that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with CURE-MS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cesar Caparo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Cesar Caparo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Caparo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rafael P. Dias-Carneiro, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rafael P. Dias-Carneiro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Private Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emmanuelle Waubant, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Emmanuelle Waubant",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "USCF MS Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from NMSS. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from PCORI. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from Race to Erase MS. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Waubant has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Ordonez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Ordonez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "HOSPITAL ESPANOL",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ordonez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jorge D. Correale, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jorge D. Correale",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Institute for Neurological Research",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROche. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi-Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Correale has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Correale has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Correale has received research support from Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andres M. Villa, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andres M. Villa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Ramos Mejia",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Villa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Dean M. Wingerchuk",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Meyer Squibb. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abcuro. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wolters Kluwers."
        },
        {
          "name": "Brenda L. Banwell, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Brenda L. Banwell",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Banwell has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Banwell has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Romain Marignier, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Romain Marignier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Lyon University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Benjamin M. Greenberg",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UT Southwestern Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Signant. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for IQVIA. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Clene. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for IQVIA. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abcuro. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. Dr. Greenberg has or had stock in GenrAb.Dr. Greenberg has or had stock in Clene.Dr. Greenberg has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Greenberg has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Susan Horsman, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Susan Horsman, PharmD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Horsman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey L. Bennett",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Tanabe. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immpact Bio. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Chugai. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Beigene. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Imcyse. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for MIAC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Vindico. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Touch IME. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Efficient LLC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Pavich. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marie Bush. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marks Gray. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Knight, Nicastro, MacKay. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Bennett has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tracey Cho, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Tracey Cho",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cho has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna. Dr. Cho has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Delve Bio. Dr. Cho has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NIH. The institution of an immediate family member of Dr. Cho has received research support from NIH. Dr. Cho has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Solomon, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Solomon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Solomon has received research support from Bristol Meyers Squibb."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ilya Kister, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Ilya Kister",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kister has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech-Roche. Dr. Kister has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Kister has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Kister has received research support from Novartis. Dr. Kister has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott S. Zamvil, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Scott S. Zamvil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of CA, San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genzyme. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. The institution of Dr. Zamvil has received research support from Sumaira Foundation. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Genzyme. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Genentech. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Alexion."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey M. Gelfand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ventyx Bio. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Vigil Neurosciences. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Steering Committee Chairperson and member with Roche / Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pavle Repovic, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Pavle Repovic",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Multiple Sclerosis Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BristolMyersSquibb. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Repovic has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Repovic has received research support from Biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medical College of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon pharmaceuticals . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Banner life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi/genzyme. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NMSS and PCORI. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert opinion and key opinion leader with MJH life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Faculty Speaker with CMSC. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board member with CMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with IJMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Reviewer Editor with Frontiers Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee Member with National MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kyle M. Blackburn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kyle M. Blackburn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Silvia Tenembaum, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Silvia Tenembaum",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tenembaum has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech-Roche Inc. . Dr. Tenembaum has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech-Roche Inc. . Dr. Tenembaum has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. ."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Chen",
          "normalized_name": "John Chen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elias S. Sotirchos, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elias S. Sotirchos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Sumaira Foundation. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Astoria Biologica. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Corevitas. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Ad Hoc Reviewer with National Institutes of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Levy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
        "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
        "Georgios Gakis",
        "Andrea g. savransky",
        "Joao Vitor Mahler",
        "Linda Nguyen",
        "Sam Hooshmand",
        "Sammita Satyanarayan",
        "Carson Moseley",
        "Leah Haley",
        "Chantal Roy-Hewitson",
        "Mariano Marrodan",
        "Adriana Casallas VANEGAS",
        "Analisa Manin",
        "Haiwen Chen",
        "Fabian Murillo",
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Aniela Grzezulkowska",
        "Edgar Carnero Contentti",
        "Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry",
        "Margaret E. Upchurch",
        "Caitlin Tarlton",
        "Chu-Yueh Guo",
        "Michelle Fabian",
        "Akash Virupakshaiah",
        "Stephanie Syc-Mazurek",
        "Laura Cacciaguerra",
        "Mulan Jiang",
        "Nathane B. Rezende",
        "Georgina Arrambide",
        "Cesar Caparo",
        "Rafael P. Dias-Carneiro",
        "Emmanuelle Waubant",
        "Laura Ordonez",
        "Jorge D. Correale",
        "Andres M. Villa",
        "Dean M. Wingerchuk",
        "Brenda L. Banwell",
        "Romain Marignier",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Benjamin M. Greenberg",
        "Susan Horsman, PharmD",
        "Jeffrey L. Bennett",
        "Tracey Cho",
        "Stacey Clardy",
        "Andrew Solomon",
        "Ilya Kister",
        "Scott S. Zamvil",
        "Jeffrey M. Gelfand",
        "Pavle Repovic",
        "Ahmed Z. Obeidat",
        "Kyle M. Blackburn",
        "Silvia Tenembaum",
        "John Chen",
        "Elias S. Sotirchos",
        "Michael Levy",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "UT Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Medical College of Wisconsin",
        "Mount Sinai Medical Center",
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "University of Vermont Medical Center",
        "Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni",
        "Hospital Ramos Mejia",
        "Hopkins",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "NSHA",
        "UCSF Medical Center",
        "Mount Sinai Hospital",
        "UCSF",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro",
        "Cemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital",
        "Private Clinic",
        "USCF MS Center",
        "HOSPITAL ESPANOL",
        "Institute for Neurological Research",
        "Johns Hopkins University",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
        "University of Utah",
        "NYU School of Medicine",
        "University of CA, San Francisco",
        "Multiple Sclerosis Center",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "UT Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Medical College of Wisconsin",
        "Mount Sinai Medical Center",
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "University of Vermont Medical Center",
        "Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni",
        "Hospital Ramos Mejia",
        "Hopkins",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "NSHA",
        "UCSF Medical Center",
        "Mount Sinai Hospital",
        "UCSF",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro",
        "Cemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital",
        "Private Clinic",
        "USCF MS Center",
        "HOSPITAL ESPANOL",
        "Institute for Neurological Research",
        "Johns Hopkins University",
        "Lyon University Hospital",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "University of Colorado School of Medicine",
        "University of Utah",
        "NYU School of Medicine",
        "University of CA, San Francisco",
        "Multiple Sclerosis Center",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Georgios Gakis, MD; Andrea g. savransky, MD; Joao Vitor Mahler, MD; Linda Nguyen, MD, PhD; Sam Hooshmand, DO; Sammita Satyanarayan, MD; Carson Moseley, MD, PhD; Leah Haley; Chantal Roy-Hewitson, MD; Mariano Marrodan, MD; Adriana Casallas VANEGAS; Analisa Manin; Haiwen Chen, MD, PhD; Fabian Murillo; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Aniela Grzezulkowska, MD; Edgar Carnero Contentti; Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry; Margaret E. Upchurch, MD; Caitlin Tarlton, MD; Chu-Yueh Guo, MD; Michelle Fabian, MD, FAAN; Akash Virupakshaiah, MD; Stephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Mulan Jiang; Nathane B. Rezende, MD; Georgina Arrambide, MD, PhD; Cesar Caparo, MD; Rafael P. Dias-Carneiro, MD; Emmanuelle Waubant, MD, PhD, FAAN; Laura Ordonez, MD; Jorge D. Correale, MD; Andres M. Villa, MD; Dean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN; Brenda L. Banwell, MD, FAAN; Romain Marignier, MD, PhD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN; Susan Horsman, PharmD; Jeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN; Tracey Cho, MD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Andrew Solomon, MD, FAAN; Ilya Kister, MD, FAAN; Scott S. Zamvil, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN; Pavle Repovic, MD, PhD; Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD; Silvia Tenembaum, MD; John Chen; Elias S. Sotirchos, MD; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Massachusetts General Hospital\nUT Southwestern Medical Center\nMedical College of Wisconsin\nMount Sinai Medical Center\nUniversity of California, San Francisco\nUniversity of Vermont Medical Center\nInstitute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni\nHospital Ramos Mejia\nHopkins\nUniversity of Utah Health\nNSHA\nUCSF Medical Center\nMount Sinai Hospital\nUCSF\nMayo Clinic\nHospital Universitario Antonio Pedro\nCemcat, Vall d´Hebron University Hospital\nPrivate Clinic\nUSCF MS Center\nHOSPITAL ESPANOL\nInstitute for Neurological Research\nJohns Hopkins University\nLyon University Hospital\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine\nUniversity of Utah\nNYU School of Medicine\nUniversity of CA, San Francisco\nMultiple Sclerosis Center\nUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center\nMassachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the impact of IL-6RB therapy on relapse rates in MOGAD and compare relapse frequency with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) lacks approved relapse-preventive therapies. Observational studies of relapse-prevention in MOGAD can guide clinical practice while approved treatments are awaited and comparative data can assist decision making. Interleukin-6-receptor-blocker (IL-6RB) in MOGAD are often reserved for 2nd- or 3rd-line treatments and used infrequently.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted an international, multicenter, retrospective observational cohort study across sites in North and South America (1/1/2015-12/31/2025). Outcomes included annualized relapse rate (ARR) during IL-6RB therapy, time-to-next-relapse after treatment initiation, and adverse events. Relapse outcomes were compared with a historical IVIG-treated cohort receiving varying IVIG doses using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), adjusted for age, sex, prior ARR, and concomitant therapies.",
        "Results": "We included 116 MOGAD patients (89% relapsing) on IL-6RB (tocilizumab 104[90%], satralizumab 12[10%]); overall, 60% were female and 18% <18 years. The median on-IL-6RB-treatment follow-up was 1.4 years (IQR,0.7-2.5) and 23 relapses occurred during 241.8 years of IL-6RB. The ARR decreased from 0.64 (95%CI, 0.58-0.70) for relapsing MOGAD before IL-6RB to 0.09 (95%CI,0.06-0.14) during IL-6RB treatment (incidence-rate-ratio,0.08[95%CI,0.04-0.16]). Adverse events occurred in 58 (50%), most commonly mild infections, although 10 (9%) had severe infections. In the IVIG cohort (n=59), 30 relapses occurred over 133.8 person-years (ARR, 0.22;95%CI,0.15-0.32). After IPTW, IL-6RB was associated with lower hazard ratio than IVIG <1g/kg-every-4-weeks (HR,4.5;95%CI,2.0-9.8), with no significant difference versus IVIG ≥1g/kg-every-4 weeks (HR, 2.0;95%CI,0.8-4.5).",
        "Conclusions": "IL-6RB use in MOGAD was associated with very low relapse rates and a favorable safety profile, although severe infections occurred occasionally. Relapse rates were lower than with IVIG <1 g/kg every 4 weeks, but not significantly different to IVIG ≥1 g/kg every 4 weeks, supporting IL-6RBs as potential relapse-prevention therapy.",
        "Disclosures": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD: Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero.\nPhilippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD: The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project.\nGeorgios Gakis, MD: Dr. Gakis has nothing to disclose.\nAndrea g. savransky, MD: Ms. savransky has nothing to disclose.\nJoao Vitor Mahler, MD: Dr. Mahler has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation.\nLinda Nguyen, MD, PhD: Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose.\nSam Hooshmand, DO: Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen . The institution of Dr. Hooshmand has received research support from Novartis .\nSammita Satyanarayan, MD: Dr. Satyanarayan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Health Monitor. Dr. Satyanarayan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono .\nCarson Moseley, MD, PhD: An immediate family member of Dr. Moseley has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Biogen. An immediate family member of Dr. Moseley has stock in Biogen. Dr. Moseley has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Dr. Moseley has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nLeah Haley: Ms. Haley has nothing to disclose.\nChantal Roy-Hewitson, MD: Dr. Roy-Hewitson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pharma. Dr. Roy-Hewitson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pharma.\nMariano Marrodan, MD: Dr. Marrodan has nothing to disclose.\nAdriana Casallas VANEGAS: The institution of Adriana Casallas VANEGAS has received research support from Ectrims .\nAnalisa Manin: Analisa Manin has nothing to disclose.\nHaiwen Chen, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Chen has received research support from NINDS. The institution of Dr. Chen has received research support from SRNA.\nFabian Murillo: Mr. Murillo has nothing to disclose.\nYoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nAniela Grzezulkowska, MD: Dr. Grzezulkowska has nothing to disclose.\nEdgar Carnero Contentti: Edgar Carnero Contentti has nothing to disclose.\nLorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry: Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for biogen. Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for merck. Lorna Marisalva Galleguillos Goiry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for sanofi.\nMargaret E. Upchurch, MD: The institution of Dr. Upchurch has received research support from National MS Society.\nCaitlin Tarlton, MD: Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Tarlton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen.\nChu-Yueh Guo, MD: Dr. Guo has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics.\nMichelle Fabian, MD, FAAN: Dr. Fabian has nothing to disclose.\nAkash Virupakshaiah, MD: Dr. Virupakshaiah has nothing to disclose.\nStephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD: Dr. Syc-Mazurek has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Resident and Fellows Section with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nLaura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD: Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose.\nMulan Jiang: Ms. Jiang has nothing to disclose.\nNathane B. Rezende, MD: Dr. Rezende has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Rezende has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Rezende has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Aztrazeneca. Dr. Rezende has received research support from ECTRIMS.\nGeorgina Arrambide, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Platform Adaptive Trial for remyelination and neuroprotection in mUltiple Sclerosis (PLATYPUS) . The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Sage. The institution of Dr. Arrambide has received research support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Novartis. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with Roche. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with ECTRIMS. Dr. Arrambide has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Travel support for scientific meetings with EAN. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Executive Committee with iWiMS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with BioMS-eu that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering group with MOGAD Eugene Devic European Network (MEDEN) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the editorial and scientific committee with Acta Neurológica Colombiana that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Arrambide has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the steering committee with CURE-MS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nCesar Caparo, MD: Dr. Caparo has nothing to disclose.\nRafael P. Dias-Carneiro, MD: The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Dias-Carneiro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche.\nEmmanuelle Waubant, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from NMSS. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from PCORI. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from Race to Erase MS. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Waubant has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Waubant has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nLaura Ordonez, MD: Dr. Ordonez has nothing to disclose.\nJorge D. Correale, MD: Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROche. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Correale has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi-Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Correale has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Correale has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Correale has received research support from Novartis .\nAndres M. Villa, MD: Dr. Villa has nothing to disclose.\nDean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN: Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Meyer Squibb. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abcuro. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wolters Kluwers.\nBrenda L. Banwell, MD, FAAN: Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Banwell has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Banwell has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Banwell has received research support from NIH.\nRomain Marignier, MD, PhD: Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ALEXION. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for ROCHE. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Marignier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ROCHE.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nBenjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN: Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Signant. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for IQVIA. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Clene. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for IQVIA. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abcuro. Dr. Greenberg has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. Dr. Greenberg has or had stock in GenrAb.Dr. Greenberg has or had stock in Clene.Dr. Greenberg has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Greenberg has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nSusan Horsman, PharmD: Dr. Horsman has nothing to disclose.\nJeffrey L. Bennett, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Tanabe. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immpact Bio. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Chugai. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Beigene. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Imcyse. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for MIAC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CorEvitas. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Vindico. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Touch IME. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Efficient LLC. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Pavich. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marie Bush. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Marks Gray. Dr. Bennett has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Knight, Nicastro, MacKay. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Bennett has received research support from Genentech. Dr. Bennett has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Bennett has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nTracey Cho, MD, FAAN: Dr. Cho has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna. Dr. Cho has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Delve Bio. Dr. Cho has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for NIH. The institution of an immediate family member of Dr. Cho has received research support from NIH. Dr. Cho has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed.\nAndrew Solomon, MD, FAAN: Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Solomon has received research support from Bristol Meyers Squibb.\nIlya Kister, MD, FAAN: Dr. Kister has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech-Roche. Dr. Kister has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Kister has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Kister has received research support from Novartis. Dr. Kister has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nScott S. Zamvil, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genzyme. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. The institution of Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. The institution of Dr. Zamvil has received research support from Sumaira Foundation. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Genzyme. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Genentech. Dr. Zamvil has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Alexion.\nJeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN: Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ventyx Bio. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Vigil Neurosciences. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Steering Committee Chairperson and member with Roche / Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nPavle Repovic, MD, PhD: Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BristolMyersSquibb. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Repovic has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Repovic has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Repovic has received research support from Biogen.\nAhmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD: Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon pharmaceuticals . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Banner life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi/genzyme. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NMSS and PCORI. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert opinion and key opinion leader with MJH life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Faculty Speaker with CMSC. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board member with CMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with IJMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Reviewer Editor with Frontiers Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee Member with National MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nKyle M. Blackburn, MD: Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx.\nSilvia Tenembaum, MD: Dr. Tenembaum has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech-Roche Inc. . Dr. Tenembaum has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech-Roche Inc. . Dr. Tenembaum has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc. .\nJohn Chen: John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB.\nElias S. Sotirchos, MD: Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Sumaira Foundation. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Astoria Biologica. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Ad Scientiam. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Sotirchos has received research support from Corevitas. Dr. Sotirchos has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Ad Hoc Reviewer with National Institutes of Health.\nMichael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "IL-6RB use in MOGAD was associated with very low relapse rates and a favorable safety profile, although severe infections occurred occasionally. Relapse rates were lower than with IVIG <1 g/kg every 4 weeks, but not significantly different to IVIG ≥1 g/kg every 4 weeks, supporting IL-6RBs as potential relapse-prevention therapy.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22374",
          "title": "C12 - MOG-antibody Associated Disease",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22374",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from UCB Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "E. Ann Yeh, MD, MA, FRCPC, Jodie Roberts, MD, MSc, FRCPC",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the pathophysiology and immunologic basis of MOG-antibody associated disease (MOGAD); recognize the clinical phenotypes and diagnostic criteria used to identify MOGAD across age groups; differentiate MOGAD from related central nervous system demyelinating disorders, including NMOSD and multiple sclerosis; and apply current evidence-based strategies for the acute and long-term management of MOGAD, including relapse prevention.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65201",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65201",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 340
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65202",
      "source_id": "65202",
      "abstract_number": "1-027",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-027",
      "title": "Clinical Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid MOG-IgG Testing in Patients with Paired Serum and CSF Testing",
      "authors": "Thor Linnet, MD; Farrah J. Mateen, MD, PhD, FAAN; Shailee S. Shah, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Thor Linnet, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Thor Linnet, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thor Linnet",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Linnet has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Farrah J. Mateen, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Farrah J. Mateen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Northwestern University Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mateen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Mateen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Mateen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Mateen has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Mateen has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Mateen has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Mateen has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shailee S. Shah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shailee S. Shah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Shah has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Thor Linnet",
        "Farrah J. Mateen",
        "Shailee S. Shah"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Northwestern University Department of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Northwestern University Department of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Thor Linnet, MD; Farrah J. Mateen, MD, PhD, FAAN; Shailee S. Shah, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Northwestern University Department of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the diagnostic utility and cost of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) testing using commercially available fixed cell-based assay (CBA) in paired serum-CSF samples.",
        "Background": "The diagnostic value of CSF MOG-IgG testing remains uncertain, particularly when performed using commercially available fixed cell-based assays. We evaluated the diagnostic utility and cost of CSF MOG-IgG testing in patients with paired serum and CSF samples.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a retrospective diagnostic accuracy study at a large academic center. Adult patients tested in serum and/or CSF from January 2024 to February 2026 were identified. Paired samples were serum and CSF obtained within 7 days. Serum testing used live CBA and CSF testing fixed CBA at external laboratories. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and exact McNemar testing were calculated using serum as reference. Costs were estimated from vendor pricing.",
        "Results": "Among 94 patients with paired testing, 17 (18.1%) were serum-positive. Of these, 14 were CSF-negative and 3 positive in both serum and CSF. No patient was CSF-positive while serum-negative. CSF sensitivity was 17.6% and specificity 100.0%. Mean estimated cost per CSF test was 632 USD, totaling 59,408 USD over 2 years.",
        "Conclusions": "Commercially available fixed-CBA CSF MOG-IgG testing provided no incremental yield beyond serum testing in this cohort and incurred substantial cost. Unlike prior studies using live CBA, which showed higher sensitivity and detected CSF-restricted cases, our findings support limiting CSF testing to selected seronegative patients, ideally with live CBA.",
        "Disclosures": "Thor Linnet, MD: Dr. Linnet has nothing to disclose.\nFarrah J. Mateen, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Mateen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Mateen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Mateen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. The institution of Dr. Mateen has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Mateen has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Mateen has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Mateen has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nShailee S. Shah, MD: Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Shah has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Commercially available fixed-CBA CSF MOG-IgG testing provided no incremental yield beyond serum testing in this cohort and incurred substantial cost. Unlike prior studies using live CBA, which showed higher sensitivity and detected CSF-restricted cases, our findings support limiting CSF testing to selected seronegative patients, ideally with live CBA.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65202",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65202",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 240
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65203",
      "source_id": "65203",
      "abstract_number": "1-028",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-028",
      "title": "Age and Initial Attack Type Shape Patterns of Attack Type Recurrence in Relapsing MOGAD",
      "authors": "Mulan Jiang; Matthew Rode, MD; Dayoung Seo, RN; Alvin Song; Maryam A. Alkanderi, Jr., MD; Ilinca Dumitru; Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD; Takahisa Mikami, MD; Monique Anderson, MD, PhD; Rebecca L. Gillani, MD; Rebecca Salky; Gabriela Romanow; Mattia Wruble, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Susan Z. Recio, MD; Fabian Murillo; John Chen; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Adil Harroud, MD; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Eun-Jae Lee, MD, PhD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mulan Jiang",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mulan Jiang",
          "normalized_name": "Mulan Jiang",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Jiang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Matthew Rode, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Matthew Rode",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rode has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dayoung Seo, RN",
          "normalized_name": "Dayoung Seo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Seo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alvin Song",
          "normalized_name": "Alvin Song",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Alvin Song has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maryam A. Alkanderi, Jr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maryam A. Alkanderi, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Alkanderi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ilinca Dumitru",
          "normalized_name": "Ilinca Dumitru",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ilinca Dumitru has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Vishnevetsky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from NIH (NeuroNext)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Takahisa Mikami, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Takahisa Mikami",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mikami has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Monique Anderson, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Monique Anderson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mass General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Anderson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rebecca L. Gillani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rebecca L. Gillani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Gillani has received research support from The Phyllis and Jerome Lyle Rappaport Foundation. The institution of Dr. Gillani has received research support from McCourt Foundation . The institution of Dr. Gillani has received research support from Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rebecca Salky",
          "normalized_name": "Rebecca Salky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Rebecca Salky has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gabriela Romanow",
          "normalized_name": "Gabriela Romanow",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Gabriela Romanow has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mattia Wruble, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mattia Wruble",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Susan Z. Recio, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Susan Z. Recio",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Recio has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Fabian Murillo",
          "normalized_name": "Fabian Murillo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Murillo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Chen",
          "normalized_name": "John Chen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adil Harroud, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adil Harroud",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "McGill University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Harroud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Harroud has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Harroud has received research support from Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Levy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eun-Jae Lee, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Eun-Jae Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Asan Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Republic of Korea ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mulan Jiang",
        "Matthew Rode",
        "Dayoung Seo",
        "Alvin Song",
        "Maryam A. Alkanderi, Jr",
        "Ilinca Dumitru",
        "Anastasia Vishnevetsky",
        "Takahisa Mikami",
        "Monique Anderson",
        "Rebecca L. Gillani",
        "Rebecca Salky",
        "Gabriela Romanow",
        "Mattia Wruble",
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Susan Z. Recio",
        "Fabian Murillo",
        "John Chen",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Adil Harroud",
        "Michael Levy",
        "Eun-Jae Lee",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "Mass General Hospital",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "McGill University",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Asan Medical Center",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "Mass General Hospital",
        "University of Utah Health",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "McGill University",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School",
        "Asan Medical Center",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mulan Jiang; Matthew Rode, MD; Dayoung Seo, RN; Alvin Song; Maryam A. Alkanderi, Jr., MD; Ilinca Dumitru; Anastasia Vishnevetsky, MD; Takahisa Mikami, MD; Monique Anderson, MD, PhD; Rebecca L. Gillani, MD; Rebecca Salky; Gabriela Romanow; Mattia Wruble, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Susan Z. Recio, MD; Fabian Murillo; John Chen; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Adil Harroud, MD; Michael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Eun-Jae Lee, MD, PhD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Massachusetts General Hospital\nMass General Hospital\nUniversity of Utah Health\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nMcGill University\nMassachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School\nAsan Medical Center\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To characterize attack type recurrence in relapsing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD)",
        "Background": "Core MOGAD attack types include optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis (TM), and brain involvement. While population-level attack type frequencies vary with age, it remains unclear whether patients show tropism for recurrence of their initial attack type.",
        "Design/Methods": "A retrospective cohort study was conducted of MOGAD patients meeting 2023 diagnostic criteria seen at Mass General Brigham and Mayo Clinic. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were fitted to first attacks to quantify age-expected attack type probabilities, and conditional GAMs were fitted separately for each initial attack type subgroup using subsequent attacks; deviations between the two were computed to isolate the effect of initial attack type. Permutation tests (1,000 iterations) compared observed attack type recurrence rates within four age-at-onset subgroups (0-12, 12-18, 18-40, 40+ years) against a null distribution drawn from a corresponding age-stratified pool of first attacks to assess whether age at onset affects tropism. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons.",
        "Results": "Of 493 patients meeting criteria, 359 had relapsing disease, contributing 1,245 attacks (median follow-up: 7.1 years; interquartile range: 3.4-12.3). Relapses involving new regions occurred in 145 patients (40.4%), who had a younger median age at onset (27 vs. 34 years, p<0.001) and more likely initially presented with TM or brain (p<0.001). Patients demonstrated tropism for recurrence of their initial attack type beyond age-matched reference probabilities. Tropism strengthened with older age at onset: ON tropism was significant in all age groups (risk ratios: 1.14-1.29), TM tropism emerged after 40 (RR: 1.96 [1.27-4.06]), and brain tropism emerged after 18 (RRs: 2.91-3.31).",
        "Conclusions": "Attack type recurrence is shaped by both age and initial attack locations. Tropism strengthens with age, persisting even after accounting for age-dependent shifts in prevalence. These findings can inform prognostication, clinical trial design, and studies of pathophysiology.",
        "Disclosures": "Mulan Jiang: Ms. Jiang has nothing to disclose.\nMatthew Rode, MD: Dr. Rode has nothing to disclose.\nDayoung Seo, RN: Miss Seo has nothing to disclose.\nAlvin Song: Alvin Song has nothing to disclose.\nMaryam A. Alkanderi, Jr., MD: Miss Alkanderi has nothing to disclose.\nIlinca Dumitru: Ilinca Dumitru has nothing to disclose.\nAnastasia Vishnevetsky, MD: The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Vishnevetsky has received research support from NIH (NeuroNext).\nTakahisa Mikami, MD: Dr. Mikami has nothing to disclose.\nMonique Anderson, MD, PhD: Dr. Anderson has nothing to disclose.\nRebecca L. Gillani, MD: The institution of Dr. Gillani has received research support from The Phyllis and Jerome Lyle Rappaport Foundation. The institution of Dr. Gillani has received research support from McCourt Foundation . The institution of Dr. Gillani has received research support from Roche.\nRebecca Salky: Rebecca Salky has nothing to disclose.\nGabriela Romanow: Gabriela Romanow has nothing to disclose.\nMattia Wruble, MD: The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Roche.\nYoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nSusan Z. Recio, MD: Dr. Recio has nothing to disclose.\nFabian Murillo: Mr. Murillo has nothing to disclose.\nJohn Chen: John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAdil Harroud, MD: Dr. Harroud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Harroud has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Harroud has received research support from Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada.\nMichael Levy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Mitsubishi Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB Pharma. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Elsevier. Dr. Levy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Various law firms. The institution of Dr. Levy has received research support from National Institutes Health.\nEun-Jae Lee, MD, PhD: The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Republic of Korea .\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nPhilippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD: The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Attack type recurrence is shaped by both age and initial attack locations. Tropism strengthens with age, persisting even after accounting for age-dependent shifts in prevalence. These findings can inform prognostication, clinical trial design, and studies of pathophysiology.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22378",
          "title": "C15 - Clinical Approach to Suspected Myelopathy",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22378",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Benjamin M. Greenberg, MD, FAAN, Paula Barreras, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify key diagnostic features of autoimmune and inflammatory myelopathies; distinguish inflammatory myelopathies from noninflammatory mimics; and select appropriate diagnostic and treatment approaches for infectious and inflammatory myelopathies.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65203",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65203",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 314
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65204",
      "source_id": "65204",
      "abstract_number": "1-029",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-029",
      "title": "MOG Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD) CSF Biomarkers Reveal Distinct Signatures from Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis",
      "authors": "Georgios Mangioris, MD; Binxia Yang; Yahel Segal, MD; Kai Guo, MD, PhD; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Nisa Vorasoot, MD; Jan-Mendelt Tillema, MD; John Chen; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Michel Toledano, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Georgios Mangioris, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Georgios Mangioris, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Georgios Mangioris",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mangioris has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Binxia Yang",
          "normalized_name": "Binxia Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo clinic",
          "disclosure": "Binxia Yang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yahel Segal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yahel Segal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Segal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kai Guo, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Kai Guo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Guo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nisa Vorasoot, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nisa Vorasoot",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vorasoot has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jan-Mendelt Tillema, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jan-Mendelt Tillema",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tillema has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Chen",
          "normalized_name": "John Chen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John R. Mills",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michel Toledano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michel Toledano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Toledano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Georgios Mangioris",
        "Binxia Yang",
        "Yahel Segal",
        "Kai Guo",
        "Laura Cacciaguerra",
        "Nisa Vorasoot",
        "Jan-Mendelt Tillema",
        "John Chen",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "John R. Mills",
        "Michel Toledano",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Georgios Mangioris, MD; Binxia Yang; Yahel Segal, MD; Kai Guo, MD, PhD; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Nisa Vorasoot, MD; Jan-Mendelt Tillema, MD; John Chen; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Michel Toledano, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To characterize immune and neural injury biomarkers in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and compare them to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), aquaporin-4(AQP4)-IgG-positive, and non-inflammatory controls.",
        "Background": "MOGAD is a CNS demyelinating disorder with unclear pathogenesis and no proven treatment. Histopathological studies demonstrate predominant CD4+ T-cell infiltration, with contributions from macrophages, microglia, and granulocytes; however, their roles in disease development remain incompletely understood. Data on CSF cytokines/chemokines, neurofilament light (NfL), and sTREM2 in MOGAD are scant.",
        "Design/Methods": "We measured IL-1-beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, BAFF, IL-8/CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, NfL, and sTREM2 using the ELLA multiplexed automated immunoassay in CSF and paired sera of: (1) MOGAD patients sampled within one month of an attack (09/2011-10/2023), and (2) a laboratory-based cohort of patients with MOG-IgG titers ≥1:1000 (reference <1:20; 05/2018-03/2024). RRMS, AQP4-IgG-positive patients, and non-inflammatory controls served as comparators.",
        "Results": "Seventy-four MOG-IgG-positive patients with available CSF were included (median age, 25 years [range, 5-76]; 45 [61%] female); 47 had paired sera. Among 24 with clinical data, 15 (63%) had not received attack treatment prior to sampling. CSF from 26 RRMS, 84 AQP4-IgG-positive, and 42 non-inflammatory controls were analyzed. Compared with non-inflammatory controls, MOG-IgG-positive patients exhibited higher CSF concentrations of IL-1-beta, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IL-10, IL-17A, CXCL13, and GM-CSF, and higher serum concentrations of IL-1-beta, IL-6, IL-17A, and GM-CSF (P<0.05). Compared with AQP4-IgG-positive patients, they had higher CSF IL-1-beta, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, GM-CSF, and TNF-alpha, and lower NfL (P≤0.02). Compared with RRMS, they showed higher CSF IL-6 and IL-17A, and lower CSF IFN-gamma, sTREM2, and NfL (P≤0.03); CSF IL-6 and sTREM2 best discriminated MOGAD from RRMS.",
        "Conclusions": "CSF immune profiles in MOGAD indicate a Th17-skewed immune response and suggest potential therapeutic targets. CSF IL-6 and sTREM2 may aid in distinguishing MOGAD from RRMS.",
        "Disclosures": "Georgios Mangioris, MD: Dr. Mangioris has nothing to disclose.\nBinxia Yang: Binxia Yang has nothing to disclose.\nYahel Segal, MD: Dr. Segal has nothing to disclose.\nKai Guo, MD, PhD: Dr. Guo has nothing to disclose.\nLaura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD: Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose.\nNisa Vorasoot, MD: Dr. Vorasoot has nothing to disclose.\nJan-Mendelt Tillema, MD: Dr. Tillema has nothing to disclose.\nJohn Chen: John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nJohn R. Mills, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nMichel Toledano, MD: Dr. Toledano has nothing to disclose.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CSF immune profiles in MOGAD indicate a Th17-skewed immune response and suggest potential therapeutic targets. CSF IL-6 and sTREM2 may aid in distinguishing MOGAD from RRMS.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65204",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65204",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 311
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65205",
      "source_id": "65205",
      "abstract_number": "1-030",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-030",
      "title": "Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD) with Elevated Intracranial Pressure (ICP)",
      "authors": "Nora R. Jandhyala, MD; Alexander Jonokuchi, MD; Lena Bell, MD; Lauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN; Kimberly O'Neill, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Nora R. Jandhyala, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nora R. Jandhyala, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nora R. Jandhyala",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Jandhyala has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Jonokuchi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Jonokuchi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Maimonides Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jonokuchi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lena Bell, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lena Bell",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU Langone Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bell has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Lauren B. Krupp",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU Langone Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EBIX. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hoffman LaRoche. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for MMMK. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Patrick, Dolan, and Kaufman. Dr. krupp has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kimberly O'Neill, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kimberly O'Neill",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. O'Neill has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nora R. Jandhyala",
        "Alexander Jonokuchi",
        "Lena Bell",
        "Lauren B. Krupp",
        "Kimberly O'Neill"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Maimonides Medical Center",
        "NYU Langone Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Maimonides Medical Center",
        "NYU Langone Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nora R. Jandhyala, MD; Alexander Jonokuchi, MD; Lena Bell, MD; Lauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN; Kimberly O'Neill, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Maimonides Medical Center\nNYU Langone Medical Center",
        "Objective": "To describe demographic, clinical, radiologic features and outcomes of pediatric MOGAD presenting with elevated ICP.",
        "Background": "Intracranial hypertension is increasingly recognized in a subset of pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD). Presentations range from mild (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) IIH-like cases to severe cases requiring ICU management.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively analyzed children ≤18 years of age at our center who met consensus criteria for MOGAD and were found to have elevated opening pressure or signs of increased ICP without a better explanation. Clinical characteristics, CSF findings, neuroimaging features, treatment course, and outcomes were evaluated.",
        "Results": "Fourteen patients met inclusion criteria (9 female). Median age at presentation was 9 years (range 6 - 14 years). Median BMI percentile was 95.1%. Seven patients (50%) had preceding viral symptoms at a median of 1.4 weeks prior to presentation. All patients presented with headache. Six (42.9%) also had nausea/vomiting and seven (50%) had visual changes. Ten patients had elevated opening pressure (OP) documented at the time of lumbar puncture (LP); for those without recorded OP, 1 had tonsillar herniation and 3 had documented optic disc edema. Median opening pressure was 36 cm H2O. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and migraine were common early diagnoses. There was a median delay of 17 days from headache-onset to corticosteroids. Initial serum MOG titer was positive in all patients (median 1:130). All patients were treated with steroids, 64.2% with Diamox, 50% with IVIG and 28.6% with plasmapheresis. Diamox was continued for average of 2.2 months. Headaches remained at follow-up for a median of 4.9 months and completely resolved in 71% of cases.",
        "Conclusions": "MOGAD may initially present with unexplained intracranial hypertension and in these cases, is often misdiagnosed initially. With appropriate treatment and time, most headaches resolved by 6 months.",
        "Disclosures": "Nora R. Jandhyala, MD: Ms. Jandhyala has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Jonokuchi, MD: Dr. Jonokuchi has nothing to disclose.\nLena Bell, MD: Dr. Bell has nothing to disclose.\nLauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN: Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EBIX. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hoffman LaRoche. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for MMMK. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Patrick, Dolan, and Kaufman. Dr. krupp has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nKimberly O'Neill, MD: Dr. O'Neill has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "MOGAD may initially present with unexplained intracranial hypertension and in these cases, is often misdiagnosed initially. With appropriate treatment and time, most headaches resolved by 6 months.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65205",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65205",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65206",
      "source_id": "65206",
      "abstract_number": "1-031",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-031",
      "title": "Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Associated Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis",
      "authors": "Rochita Kadam, MBBS; Leen Alkalbani, MBBS; Ruba Al-Ramadhani, MD; Levi C. Shelton, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rochita Kadam, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rochita Kadam, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rochita Kadam",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kadam has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leen Alkalbani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Leen Alkalbani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Istishari Hospital",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Ruba Al-Ramadhani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ruba Al-Ramadhani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UPMC Children's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Al-Ramadhani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Levi C. Shelton, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Levi C. Shelton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shelton has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rochita Kadam",
        "Leen Alkalbani",
        "Ruba Al-Ramadhani",
        "Levi C. Shelton"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Istishari Hospital",
        "UPMC Children's Hospital",
        "Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Istishari Hospital",
        "UPMC Children's Hospital",
        "Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rochita Kadam, MBBS; Leen Alkalbani, MBBS; Ruba Al-Ramadhani, MD; Levi C. Shelton, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Istishari Hospital\nUPMC Children's Hospital\nChildren's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC",
        "Objective": "Our study aims to characterize clinical presentations, radiological findings, management and treatment outcomes of pediatric patients presenting with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) associated longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM).",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte associated antibody disorder (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that demonstrates a wide phenotype, particularly in the pediatric population. Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM)-defined as lesions extending ≥ 3 vertebral segments- is a distinct presenting feature of MOGAD.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective review of medical records of pediatric patients (age < 18 years), with a diagnosis of MOGAD associated LETM, between the years 2020 and 2025, at the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh.",
        "Results": "A total of 17 patients diagnosed with MOGAD associated LETM were identified. Mean age of presentation was 9 years, with a slight male predominance. Common presenting symptoms included headaches, lower extremity weakness, and gait instability. MRI analyses revealed the highest frequency of lesions within cervical and thoracic cord regions, with a minority involving the lumbar cord. Post-contrast enhancement was seen in a small minority of patients- three with lesional enhancement and one with leptomeningeal enhancement. All patients had concurrent supratentorial brain lesions. Everyone received treatment with high dose steroids, followed by a steroid taper, while seven patients were also treated with IVIG or plasmapheresis. Upon longitudinal follow up, one patient had relapsed; rest showed complete resolution of radiologic findings with minimal to no neurological deficits.",
        "Conclusions": "MOGAD associated LETM in children is characterized by prominent neurologic deficits, a predilection to cervical and thoracic cord, excellent steroid responsiveness, and a low relapse rate. Post-contrast enhancement, longer segments of spine involvement, were shown to indicate a worse presentation with high MOG antibody titers, requiring immunotherapies. Overall, although LETM in MOGAD presents with significant initial disability, long term outcomes are favorable with appropriate treatment and monitoring.",
        "Disclosures": "Rochita Kadam, MBBS: Dr. Kadam has nothing to disclose.\nLeen Alkalbani, MBBS: No disclosure on file\nRuba Al-Ramadhani, MD: Dr. Al-Ramadhani has nothing to disclose.\nLevi C. Shelton, MD: Dr. Shelton has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "MOGAD associated LETM in children is characterized by prominent neurologic deficits, a predilection to cervical and thoracic cord, excellent steroid responsiveness, and a low relapse rate. Post-contrast enhancement, longer segments of spine involvement, were shown to indicate a worse presentation with high MOG antibody titers, requiring immunotherapies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65206",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65206",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65207",
      "source_id": "65207",
      "abstract_number": "1-032",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-032",
      "title": "MRI Findings at the Anterior Optic Nerve in MOGAD, AQP4+NMOSD, and MS",
      "authors": "Matthew Rode, MD; Stephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD; John Chen; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Matthew Rode, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Matthew Rode, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Matthew Rode",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rode has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Stephanie Syc-Mazurek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Syc-Mazurek has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Resident and Fellows Section with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Chen",
          "normalized_name": "John Chen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Matthew Rode",
        "Stephanie Syc-Mazurek",
        "John Chen",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Matthew Rode, MD; Stephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD; John Chen; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "Evaluate the diagnostic utility of MRI findings of the anterior optic nerve in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD) optic neuritis (ON) versus Aquaporin-4-IgG positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (AQP4+NMOSD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS).",
        "Background": "ON is the most common attack type in MOGAD and commonly involves the anterior segment. The diagnosis of MOGAD requires a combination of clinical, radiologic, and laboratory information due to the incomplete specificity of cell-based assay.",
        "Design/Methods": "This was a retrospective study including consecutive cases of first MRI-confirmed ON from MOGAD, AQP4+NMOSD, and MS who all fulfilled their respective diagnostic criteria. Fat-suppressed orbital MRI post-gadolinium images were reviewed (blinded to diagnosis) for optic nerve tortuosity, optic nerve enhancement and its extent including that involving the optic nerve head, sheath, or extension to orbital fat or posterior sclera and posterior flattening of the globe. Differences were compared with Fischer’s exact test.",
        "Results": "We included 133 patients with 164 nerves involved. This included 108 nerves affected by MOGAD (82 patients), 30 with AQP4+NMOSD (27 patients), and 26 with MS (24 patients). Optic nerve head enhancement was more common in MOGAD(24%) compared to AQP4+NMOSD(10%) and MS(0%) (p-value=0.003). Posterior flattening of the globe was also more common in MOGAD(27%) than AQP4+NMOSD(10%) and MS(0%) (p-value=0.001). Optic nerve tortuosity was more common in MOGAD(23%) compared to AQP4+NMOSD(13%) and MS(4%) (p-value=0.049). Longitudinal-extension (>50% of length of nerve) was more common in MOGAD(62%) compared to AQP4+NMOSD(30%) and MS(19%) (p-value<0.001). Enhancement of the optic nerve sheath and orbital fat were more common in MOGAD(37%, 18%) than AQP4+NMOSD(17%, 0%) and MS(15%, 4%) (p-value=0.02, 0.007, respectively). There was no significant difference in posterior scleral enhancement between MOGAD(20%), AQP4+NMOSD(13%), MS(8%) (p-value=0.29).",
        "Conclusions": "Optic nerve head enhancement, optic nerve tortuosity, posterior flattening of the globe, longitudinally-extensive enhancement, and sheath and orbital fat enhancement favor ON secondary to MOGAD over AQP4+NMOSD or MS.",
        "Disclosures": "Matthew Rode, MD: Dr. Rode has nothing to disclose.\nStephanie Syc-Mazurek, MD, PhD: Dr. Syc-Mazurek has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Resident and Fellows Section with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJohn Chen: John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. John Chen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Optic nerve head enhancement, optic nerve tortuosity, posterior flattening of the globe, longitudinally-extensive enhancement, and sheath and orbital fat enhancement favor ON secondary to MOGAD over AQP4+NMOSD or MS.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65207",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65207",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 342
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65208",
      "source_id": "65208",
      "abstract_number": "1-033",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-033",
      "title": "Depressive Symptoms in Adults with MOG Antibody-associated Disease",
      "authors": "Anita Alizadeh; Anibal Chertcoff",
      "presenting_author": "Anita Alizadeh",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Anita Alizadeh",
          "normalized_name": "Anita Alizadeh",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Alizadeh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anibal Chertcoff",
          "normalized_name": "Anibal Chertcoff",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of British Columbia",
          "disclosure": "Anibal Chertcoff has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Anita Alizadeh",
        "Anibal Chertcoff"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of British Columbia"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of British Columbia"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Anita Alizadeh; Anibal Chertcoff",
        "Affiliations": "University of British Columbia",
        "Objective": "To estimate the prevalence of depression in individuals with MOGAD and to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with depression in this population.",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Depression can undermine quality of life, treatment adherence, and disease outcomes. Its consequences are well documented in other demyelinating diseases, but its prevalence and impact in MOGAD remain unknown.",
        "Design/Methods": "We identified adults with MOGAD enrolled in the patient-reported-outcomes sub-study of CANOPTICS, a Canadian prospective cohort of MOGAD and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. At participant’s first study visit we collected: clinical variables (attack type, disease course [relapsing/monophasic], number of prior relapses, immunosuppressive therapy use, and expanded disability status score (EDSS), demographic data, brain and spinal MRI findings, and self-reported questionnaires for depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI-II]), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale), and pain intensity (McGill Pain Questionnaire-Short Form Visual Analogue Scale). Clinically significant depressive symptoms were defined as BDI-II≥14. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlations were used for analysis .",
        "Results": "Seventy-nine participants with MOGAD (58.2% female; mean age=44.0 [SD=13.7] years; 58.2% relapsing disease) were included in the analysis. Twenty-eight of the individuals with MOGAD (35.7%) presented with depression, which was moderate/severe in 19/28 (67.9%). Greater depressive symptoms correlated strongly with anxiety symptoms (ρ=0.76; 95%CI:0.62-0.86) and moderately with fatigue (ρ=0.48; 95%CI:0.28-0.66) and pain intensity (ρ=0.49; 95%CI:0.27-0.67); all associations were statistically significant (p<0.001). Relapsing disease, number of previous relapses and EDSS were not associated with depression.",
        "Conclusions": "This study highlights a significant mental health burden in individuals with MOGAD characterized by depression, anxiety, fatigue, and pain, which tend to co-occur. These results highlight the impact of MOGAD beyond physical neurologic disability.",
        "Disclosures": "Anita Alizadeh: Ms. Alizadeh has nothing to disclose.\nAnibal Chertcoff: Anibal Chertcoff has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This study highlights a significant mental health burden in individuals with MOGAD characterized by depression, anxiety, fatigue, and pain, which tend to co-occur. These results highlight the impact of MOGAD beyond physical neurologic disability.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65208",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65208",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 311
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65209",
      "source_id": "65209",
      "abstract_number": "1-034",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-034",
      "title": "Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease (MOGAD) in Iran: An Under-recognized Component of the Inflammatory Demyelinating Spectrum",
      "authors": "Soroush Kakawand, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Soroush Kakawand, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Soroush Kakawand, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Soroush Kakawand",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kakawand has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Soroush Kakawand"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Soroush Kakawand, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center",
        "Objective": "To synthesize available evidence on MOGAD in Iran and quantify the gap between AQP4-IgG seropositivity observed in Iranian NMOSD cohorts and international benchmarks, with implications for an under-recognized MOGAD burden.",
        "Background": "The 2023 International MOGAD Panel criteria established MOGAD as distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) and AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD. Although Iran maintains established MS and NMOSD registries (NMSRI, IMSS, NMORI), no dedicated MOGAD epidemiologic study has been published to date.",
        "Design/Methods": "Narrative of Iranian NMOSD cohorts reporting AQP4-IgG seroprevalence, and 2024-2026 international MOGAD evidence indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science through early 2026.",
        "Results": "Global MOGAD prevalence is 1.3-2.5/100,000, with annual incidence of 3.4-4.8/million, a bimodal age distribution, and no clear sex, racial, or latitude predilection. Phenotypes include optic neuritis, ADEM, myelitis, brainstem syndromes, and cortical encephalitis, with relapsing disease in 40-80% and worse outcomes in adults. Iranian NMOSD cohorts report AQP4-IgG seropositivity of 46.8% (Tehran), 54.2% (Khuzestan), and ~52.5%, substantially below the 73-90% reported in Western series - strongly suggesting an under-recognized MOGAD population among AQP4-negative cases. Diagnosis requires serum MOG-IgG on cell-based assays (CBA) in compatible clinical/radiologic syndromes while excluding MS; fixed CBAs show high agreement with live assays (κ≈0.98), enabling diagnosis in resource-limited settings. Distinguishing MRI features include perineural optic nerve enhancement, spinal cord \"H-sign,\" lesion resolution over time, and low brain lesion burden. Treatment differs fundamentally from MS, whose disease-modifying therapies are ineffective or potentially harmful. Acute attacks respond to steroids, with plasma exchange for refractory cases; for relapse prevention, IVIG and oral corticosteroids show the most consistent benefit, while rituximab remains an alternatives.",
        "Conclusions": "MOGAD is likely underdiagnosed in Iran. Establishing a dedicated MOGAD module within existing registries, re-examining stored AQP4-negative NMOSD/ADS sera with cell-based MOG-IgG assays, and including Iranian centers in international MOGAD registries are essential steps to define the national MOGAD burden and guide targeted management.",
        "Disclosures": "Soroush Kakawand, MD: Dr. Kakawand has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "MOGAD is likely underdiagnosed in Iran. Establishing a dedicated MOGAD module within existing registries, re-examining stored AQP4-negative NMOSD/ADS sera with cell-based MOG-IgG assays, and including Iranian centers in international MOGAD registries are essential steps to define the national MOGAD burden and guide targeted management.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65209",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65209",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 313
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65211",
      "source_id": "65211",
      "abstract_number": "1-036",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-036",
      "title": "Sex-specific Differences in “Forever Chemical” Levels in Multiple Sclerosis, NMOSD, and MOGAD",
      "authors": "Federico Montini, MD, PhD; Charles F. Spurlock III, PhD; Christine B. Ryan, PhD, Medical student; Jessica Cooke Bailey; Erika F. Trapl, PhD; Guzel Shaginurova, PhD; Lukasz Wylezinski, PhD; Cheryl Sesler; Mahboobeh Fereidan Esfahani, MD; Jessica A. Sagen, MA; Hannah Gardener, ScD; Jacob L. McCauley; Alberto J. Caban-Martinez, DO, PhD; Roberta Brambilla, PhD; Lilyana M. Amezcua, MD, FAAN; W. O. Tobin, PhD, MBBCh, BAO, FAAN; Farren Briggs, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Federico Montini, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Federico Montini, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Federico Montini",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Montini has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Charles F. Spurlock III, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Charles F. Spurlock III",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Decode Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Spurlock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Decode Health. Dr. Spurlock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of New York University. Dr. Spurlock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQuity Labs. Dr. Spurlock has stock in Decode Health. Dr. Spurlock has stock in IQuity Labs. The institution of Dr. Spurlock has received research support from National Institutes of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christine B. Ryan, PhD, Medical student",
          "normalized_name": "Christine B. Ryan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ryan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jessica Cooke Bailey",
          "normalized_name": "Jessica Cooke Bailey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Jessica Cooke Bailey has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Erika F. Trapl, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Erika F. Trapl",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Trapl has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Philips International. The institution of Dr. Trapl has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Guzel Shaginurova, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Guzel Shaginurova",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shaginurova has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lukasz Wylezinski, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lukasz Wylezinski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Decode Health Inc",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wylezinski has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Decode Health. Dr. Wylezinski has stock in Decode Health. The institution of Dr. Wylezinski has received research support from Decode Health. Dr. Wylezinski has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cheryl Sesler",
          "normalized_name": "Cheryl Sesler",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Sesler has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Decode Health, Inc.. Ms. Sesler has or had stock in Decode Health, Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mahboobeh Fereidan Esfahani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mahboobeh Fereidan Esfahani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fereidan Esfahani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jessica A. Sagen, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Jessica A. Sagen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Sagen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hannah Gardener, ScD",
          "normalized_name": "Hannah Gardener, ScD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Miami",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intersocietal Accreditation Commission. Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ellipse Analytics. Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Baum Hedlund. Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant with A Green Slate Consulting."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jacob L. McCauley",
          "normalized_name": "Jacob L. McCauley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Miami",
          "disclosure": "Mr. McCauley has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Galatea Bio, Inc. Mr. McCauley has or had stock in Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc. . The institution of Mr. McCauley has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alberto J. Caban-Martinez, DO, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alberto J. Caban-Martinez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Caban-Martinez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Roberta Brambilla, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Roberta Brambilla",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Brambilla has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Brambilla has received research support from FISM. Dr. Brambilla has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Brambilla has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Scientific Committee with FISM that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lilyana M. Amezcua, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Lilyana M. Amezcua",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "USC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD serono. Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for genentech. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from NIH NINDS. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Sanofi/Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Alexion."
        },
        {
          "name": "W. O. Tobin, PhD, MBBCh, BAO, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "W. O. Tobin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Tobin has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Tobin has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. Tobin has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Tobin has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Paid consulting and advisory activities with Mayo Clinic Platform_Accelerate."
        },
        {
          "name": "Farren Briggs, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Farren Briggs",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Prof. Briggs has received research support from NIH."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Federico Montini",
        "Charles F. Spurlock III",
        "Christine B. Ryan",
        "Jessica Cooke Bailey",
        "Erika F. Trapl",
        "Guzel Shaginurova",
        "Lukasz Wylezinski",
        "Cheryl Sesler",
        "Mahboobeh Fereidan Esfahani",
        "Jessica A. Sagen",
        "Hannah Gardener, ScD",
        "Jacob L. McCauley",
        "Alberto J. Caban-Martinez",
        "Roberta Brambilla",
        "Lilyana M. Amezcua",
        "W. O. Tobin",
        "Farren Briggs"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science",
        "Decode Health",
        "Decode Health Inc",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Miami",
        "USC",
        "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science",
        "Decode Health",
        "Decode Health Inc",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Miami",
        "USC",
        "University of Miami Miller School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Federico Montini, MD, PhD; Charles F. Spurlock III, PhD; Christine B. Ryan, PhD, Medical student; Jessica Cooke Bailey; Erika F. Trapl, PhD; Guzel Shaginurova, PhD; Lukasz Wylezinski, PhD; Cheryl Sesler; Mahboobeh Fereidan Esfahani, MD; Jessica A. Sagen, MA; Hannah Gardener, ScD; Jacob L. McCauley; Alberto J. Caban-Martinez, DO, PhD; Roberta Brambilla, PhD; Lilyana M. Amezcua, MD, FAAN; W. O. Tobin, PhD, MBBCh, BAO, FAAN; Farren Briggs, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science\nDecode Health\nDecode Health Inc\nMayo Clinic\nUniversity of Miami\nUSC\nUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To investigate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) concentrations in MS, AQP4-NMOSD, and MOGAD.",
        "Background": "PFAS are persistent immunotoxic/neurotoxic chemicals widely detectable in the US population and elevated in MS in Sweden.",
        "Design/Methods": "Serum PFHxS, PFOA, and PFOS were quantified in ACP (73 untreated RRMS, 35 NMOSD, 106 HC) and CMSAN (103 RRMS, 22 SPMS, 28 PPMS, 24 NMOSD, 48 MOGAD). Linear regression tested MS vs HC in ACP, MS vs NMOSD in both cohorts, and MS vs MOGAD in CMSAN, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking for normalized PFAS (mean=0, SD=1), including sex-stratified models. In 56 ACP RRMS females, associations between PFAS and sex-steroid metabolites were evaluated, and PFAS-correlated gene-expression signatures were examined.",
        "Results": "PFHxS was elevated in MS versus HC (ACP β=0.38, p=0.0025), NMOSD (ACP+CMSAN β=0.52, p=6.3×10?5), and showed a trend versus MOGAD (CMSAN β=0.31, p=0.058). In females, PFHxS was higher versus HC (β=0.44, p=0.0058) and NMOSD (ACP+CMSAN β=0.53, p=0.00047), but not MOGAD (β=0.42, p=0.061); No significant differences were observed among males. PFOA was not significantly elevated versus HC (ACP β=0.16, p=0.054), but was higher versus NMOSD (ACP+CMSAN β=0.76, p=6.8×10??) and MOGAD (β=0.33, p=0.010). Among females, PFOA showed a trend versus HC (β=0.24, p=0.075) and was higher versus NMOSD (ACP+CMSAN β=0.80, p=2.9×10?7) and MOGAD (β=0.60, p=0.013); males showed no differences. PFOS did not differ versus HC (β=0.14, p=0.32) and was higher versus NMOSD (ACP+CMSAN β=0.64, p=3.3×10?7) but not MOGAD (β=0.08, p=0.60), with less consistent sex-specific patterns. Exploratory analyses identified MS×PFOA interactions for several sex-steroid metabolites, and tentative enrichment of neuronal membrane pathways among PFAS-correlated genes.",
        "Conclusions": "PFHxS and PFOA were elevated in MS versus HC, NMOSD, and MOGAD, specifically among females. Exploratory findings suggest plausible pathways linking PFAS exposure to MS. Multi-ethnic and longitudinal studies are needed to expand generalizability and clarify temporality and causality.",
        "Disclosures": "Federico Montini, MD, PhD: Dr. Montini has nothing to disclose.\nCharles F. Spurlock III, PhD: Dr. Spurlock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Decode Health. Dr. Spurlock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of New York University. Dr. Spurlock has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQuity Labs. Dr. Spurlock has stock in Decode Health. Dr. Spurlock has stock in IQuity Labs. The institution of Dr. Spurlock has received research support from National Institutes of Health.\nChristine B. Ryan, PhD, Medical student: Dr. Ryan has nothing to disclose.\nJessica Cooke Bailey: Jessica Cooke Bailey has nothing to disclose.\nErika F. Trapl, PhD: An immediate family member of Dr. Trapl has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Philips International. The institution of Dr. Trapl has received research support from NIH.\nGuzel Shaginurova, PhD: Dr. Shaginurova has nothing to disclose.\nLukasz Wylezinski, PhD: Dr. Wylezinski has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Decode Health. Dr. Wylezinski has stock in Decode Health. The institution of Dr. Wylezinski has received research support from Decode Health. Dr. Wylezinski has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nCheryl Sesler: Ms. Sesler has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Decode Health, Inc.. Ms. Sesler has or had stock in Decode Health, Inc.\nMahboobeh Fereidan Esfahani, MD: Dr. Fereidan Esfahani has nothing to disclose.\nJessica A. Sagen, MA: Ms. Sagen has nothing to disclose.\nHannah Gardener, ScD: Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intersocietal Accreditation Commission. Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ellipse Analytics. Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Baum Hedlund. Ms. Gardener has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant with A Green Slate Consulting.\nJacob L. McCauley: Mr. McCauley has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Galatea Bio, Inc. Mr. McCauley has or had stock in Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc. . The institution of Mr. McCauley has received research support from NIH.\nAlberto J. Caban-Martinez, DO, PhD: Dr. Caban-Martinez has nothing to disclose.\nRoberta Brambilla, PhD: The institution of Dr. Brambilla has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Brambilla has received research support from FISM. Dr. Brambilla has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Brambilla has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of the Scientific Committee with FISM that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nLilyana M. Amezcua, MD, FAAN: Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD serono. Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Amezcua has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for genentech. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from NIH NINDS. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Sanofi/Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Amezcua has received research support from Alexion.\nW. O. Tobin, PhD, MBBCh, BAO, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Tobin has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Tobin has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. Tobin has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Tobin has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Paid consulting and advisory activities with Mayo Clinic Platform_Accelerate.\nFarren Briggs, PhD: The institution of Prof. Briggs has received research support from NIH."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "PFHxS and PFOA were elevated in MS versus HC, NMOSD, and MOGAD, specifically among females. Exploratory findings suggest plausible pathways linking PFAS exposure to MS. Multi-ethnic and longitudinal studies are needed to expand generalizability and clarify temporality and causality.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65211",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65211",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 369
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65212",
      "source_id": "65212",
      "abstract_number": "1-037",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-037",
      "title": "MOG Antibody-positive Optic Perineuritis Following Bisphosphonate Exposure: Expanding the Spectrum of Bisphosphonate-associated Orbital Inflammation",
      "authors": "Abhik Banerjee, PhD; Yaswanth Chintaluru, MD; Ryan X. Zhang, MD; Nikolas A. Ujueta, MD; Diego F. Gomez Blanco, MD; Rumyar V. Ardakani, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Abhik Banerjee, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Abhik Banerjee, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Abhik Banerjee",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Banerjee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yaswanth Chintaluru, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yaswanth Chintaluru",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Yaswanth Chintaluru, MD has or had stock in Gravity Medical Technology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ryan X. Zhang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan X. Zhang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "USC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zhang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nikolas A. Ujueta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nikolas A. Ujueta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ujueta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Diego F. Gomez Blanco, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Diego F. Gomez Blanco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gomez Blanco has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rumyar V. Ardakani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rumyar V. Ardakani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ardakani has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Abhik Banerjee",
        "Yaswanth Chintaluru",
        "Ryan X. Zhang",
        "Nikolas A. Ujueta",
        "Diego F. Gomez Blanco",
        "Rumyar V. Ardakani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
        "USC"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
        "USC"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Abhik Banerjee, PhD; Yaswanth Chintaluru, MD; Ryan X. Zhang, MD; Nikolas A. Ujueta, MD; Diego F. Gomez Blanco, MD; Rumyar V. Ardakani, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Children's Hospital Los Angeles\nUSC",
        "Objective": "To report a case of MOG antibody-associated optic perineuritis following bisphosphonate exposure, highlighting a potential role for bisphosphonate-induced immune activation as a non-infectious trigger of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).",
        "Background": "Bisphosphonates, widely used for osteoporosis, can induce immune activation through T-cell stimulation and cytokine release and have been associated with rare cases of bisphosphonate-associated orbital inflammation (BAOI). MOGAD is a steroid-responsive demyelinating disorder that typically presents with optic neuritis but may also cause optic perineuritis and, less commonly, orbital inflammation. The relationship between BAOI and MOGAD remains poorly understood.",
        "Design/Methods": "A case report.",
        "Results": "A 59-year-old woman with history of hyperthyroidism presented with subacute onset of left eye pain approximately five days after intravenous zoledronic acid infusion. Examination revealed left eye proptosis with preserved visual acuity and no disc edema but severe left eye pain with extraocular movements. MRI orbits demonstrated prominent left optic nerve sheath enhancement with associated periorbital soft tissue edema, conjunctival edema, and retrobulbar fat stranding. A presumptive diagnosis of BAOI was made and the patient was treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for three days with rapid resolution of symptoms. Serum MOG IgG testing obtained during the initial evaluation returned positive at 1:100 titer (live cell-based assay). Follow-up MRI at four weeks demonstrated near-complete resolution of optic nerve sheath enhancement and orbital inflammation. The patient was continued on a prolonged prednisone taper over approximately four months with no subsequent disease relapse.",
        "Conclusions": "To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MOG antibody-associated optic perineuritis following bisphosphonate exposure. This case highlights temporal, radiologic, and clinical overlap between BAOI and MOGAD and suggests that, in some cases, bisphosphonates may serve as a non-infectious trigger of MOG autoimmunity. These findings support consideration of MOG antibody testing in select patients with presumed BAOI, particularly when optic perineuritis is present.",
        "Disclosures": "Abhik Banerjee, PhD: Dr. Banerjee has nothing to disclose.\nYaswanth Chintaluru, MD: Yaswanth Chintaluru, MD has or had stock in Gravity Medical Technology.\nRyan X. Zhang, MD: Dr. Zhang has nothing to disclose.\nNikolas A. Ujueta, MD: Dr. Ujueta has nothing to disclose.\nDiego F. Gomez Blanco, MD: Dr. Gomez Blanco has nothing to disclose.\nRumyar V. Ardakani, MD: Dr. Ardakani has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of MOG antibody-associated optic perineuritis following bisphosphonate exposure. This case highlights temporal, radiologic, and clinical overlap between BAOI and MOGAD and suggests that, in some cases, bisphosphonates may serve as a non-infectious trigger of MOG autoimmunity.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65212",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65212",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65213",
      "source_id": "65213",
      "abstract_number": "1-038",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-038",
      "title": "Anti-MOG Demyelinating Syndrome with Concurrent Unicentric Hyaline Variant Castelman’s Disease in a Postpartum Woman",
      "authors": "Angela Philips, MBBS, DNB, MRCP(London); Douglas Juvinall, MD; Saniya Ahmed, DO; Rasha Saleem, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Angela Philips, MBBS, DNB, MRCP(London)",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Angela Philips, MBBS, DNB, MRCP(London)",
          "normalized_name": "Angela Philips",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Home",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Philips has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Douglas Juvinall, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Douglas Juvinall",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "OSF Illinois Neurological Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Juvinall has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saniya Ahmed, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Saniya Ahmed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rasha Saleem, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rasha Saleem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "OSF SFMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saleem has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Angela Philips",
        "Douglas Juvinall",
        "Saniya Ahmed",
        "Rasha Saleem"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Home",
        "OSF Illinois Neurological Institute",
        "OSF SFMC"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Home",
        "OSF Illinois Neurological Institute",
        "OSF SFMC"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Angela Philips, MBBS, DNB, MRCP(London); Douglas Juvinall, MD; Saniya Ahmed, DO; Rasha Saleem, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Home\nOSF Illinois Neurological Institute\nOSF SFMC",
        "Objective": "To describe a novel association between myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and unicentric hyaline vascular Castleman disease (UCD-HV), and to propose a potential immunopathogenic link.",
        "Background": "MOGAD is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder mediated by MOG-IgG1 antibodies. The mechanisms underlying autoreactive antibody generation remain incompletely understood. UCD-HV is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by follicular dendritic cell (FDC) dysplasia and altered germinal center signaling, which may promote autoreactive B-cell survival.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 26-year-old postpartum woman presented with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, diplopia, and urinary retention. MRI demonstrated thoracic cord demyelination and brain lesions involving the splenium and pons. CSF showed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein. Serum testing was positive for MOG-IgG, confirming MOGAD. During paraneoplastic evaluation, imaging revealed left axillary lymphadenopathy. Excisional biopsy demonstrated features consistent with unicentric hyaline vascular Castleman disease, including regressed germinal centers, “onion-skin” mantle zones, and lollipop vascular structures. The patient was treated with high-dose corticosteroids and plasma exchange, resulting in marked neurologic improvement. Surgical resection of the involved lymph node was performed five months later. Following resection, the patient experienced sustained clinical remission with decreasing MOG antibody titers and no relapses over two years of follow-up.",
        "Conclusions": "This case suggests a potential pathogenic link between UCD-HV and MOGAD. Dysregulated germinal center activity in Castleman disease may promote autoreactive B-cell activation and MOG-IgG1 production. Surgical resection of the affected lymph node may eliminate a source of aberrant immune signaling, contributing to sustained remission. Further studies are needed to evaluate this association and its therapeutic implications.",
        "Disclosures": "Angela Philips, MBBS, DNB, MRCP(London): Dr. Philips has nothing to disclose.\nDouglas Juvinall, MD: Dr. Juvinall has nothing to disclose.\nSaniya Ahmed, DO: Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose.\nRasha Saleem, MD: Dr. Saleem has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case suggests a potential pathogenic link between UCD-HV and MOGAD. Dysregulated germinal center activity in Castleman disease may promote autoreactive B-cell activation and MOG-IgG1 production. Surgical resection of the affected lymph node may eliminate a source of aberrant immune signaling, contributing to sustained remission. Further studies are needed to evaluate this association and its therapeutic implications.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65213",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65213",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 246
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65214",
      "source_id": "65214",
      "abstract_number": "1-039",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-039",
      "title": "Severe Presentation of MOGAD-associated Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis Complicated by Cardiac Arrest",
      "authors": "Jordan Eisner, MD; valerie vernot, MD; Marie Sweat, MD; Raveen Raviendran; Helen Harvey, MD; Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Jordan Eisner, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jordan Eisner, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jordan Eisner",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Eisner has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "valerie vernot, MD",
          "normalized_name": "valerie vernot",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. vernot has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marie Sweat, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marie Sweat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California San Diego",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sweat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Raveen Raviendran",
          "normalized_name": "Raveen Raviendran",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Raveen Raviendran has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Helen Harvey, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Helen Harvey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Harvey has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer H. Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jordan Eisner",
        "valerie vernot",
        "Marie Sweat",
        "Raveen Raviendran",
        "Helen Harvey",
        "Jennifer H. Yang"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of California San Diego",
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of California San Diego",
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jordan Eisner, MD; valerie vernot, MD; Marie Sweat, MD; Raveen Raviendran; Helen Harvey, MD; Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of California San Diego\nRady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Objective": "N/A.",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD) is an acquired CNS demyelinating disorder with varied disease expression. While MOGAD has been known to cause longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), the association with non-neurological comorbidities is not well reported.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A.",
        "Results": "We report a case of a previously healthy 14-year-old male with subacute onset of bilateral lower extremity weakness. Neuroimaging revealed LETM extending from the cervical medullary junction to the conus medullaris with central gray matter T2 hyperintense edema and multiple subcortical T2 hyperintense lesions in the bilateral frontoparietal lobes. Within 24 hours of admission, he deteriorated from hemodynamically stable with adequate ventilation to pulseless ventricular tachycardia requiring 10 days of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Examination revealed bilateral lower extremity paralysis with areflexia, urinary retention, sensory spinal level at T4 and ascending weakness, without associated encephalopathy. Serum MOG antibody titer was 1:100. Treatment included high dose methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin, and tocilizumab. Given the severity of the patient’s presentation, rapid whole genome sequencing was performed and revealed a pathogenic >200 CTG repeat expansion in DMPK, confirming a diagnosis of Myotonic Dystrophy type 1. One year after presentation, the patient can ambulate short distances without assistive devices, has improved bladder function without the need for catheterization, and has an insertable cardiac monitor without further evidence of atrial tachycardia. His one-year MRI showed residual spinal T2 hyperintensity without evidence of new lesions. He is maintained on tocilizimab 8mg/kg monthly.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights a rare and severe presentation of MOGAD-associated LETM complicated by cardiac arrest, ultimately revealing an underlying diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1. It serves as a reminder that Occam’s Razor may not always apply, and underscores the importance of early recognition of rapidly progressive neurological deficits, prompt initiation of immunotherapy, and consideration of underlying genetic conditions in severe or atypical clinical courses.",
        "Disclosures": "Jordan Eisner, MD: Dr. Eisner has nothing to disclose.\nvalerie vernot, MD: Dr. vernot has nothing to disclose.\nMarie Sweat, MD: Dr. Sweat has nothing to disclose.\nRaveen Raviendran: Raveen Raviendran has nothing to disclose.\nHelen Harvey, MD: Dr. Harvey has nothing to disclose.\nJennifer H. Yang, MD: Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights a rare and severe presentation of MOGAD-associated LETM complicated by cardiac arrest, ultimately revealing an underlying diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1. It serves as a reminder that Occam’s Razor may not always apply, and underscores the importance of early recognition of rapidly progressive neurological deficits, prompt initiation of immunotherapy, and consideration of underlying genetic conditio…",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65214",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65214",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65215",
      "source_id": "65215",
      "abstract_number": "1-040",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-040",
      "title": "The Spectrum of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-associated Disease Presentations in the Peri- and Postpartum Period: A Two-center Case Series and Review",
      "authors": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Claudia Zbrzeski, MD; Sangharsha Thapa, MD; Michelle Fabian, MD, FAAN; Stephanie Gandelman, MD; Daniel Schwartz, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Aiswarya Raj",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Claudia Zbrzeski, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Claudia Zbrzeski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zbrzeski has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sangharsha Thapa, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sangharsha Thapa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thapa has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michelle Fabian, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michelle Fabian",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mount Sinai Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fabian has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stephanie Gandelman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Stephanie Gandelman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gandelman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Gandelman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Gandelman has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel Schwartz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel Schwartz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Schwartz has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aiswarya Raj",
        "Claudia Zbrzeski",
        "Sangharsha Thapa",
        "Michelle Fabian",
        "Stephanie Gandelman",
        "Daniel Schwartz"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "Mount Sinai Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "Mount Sinai Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Claudia Zbrzeski, MD; Sangharsha Thapa, MD; Michelle Fabian, MD, FAAN; Stephanie Gandelman, MD; Daniel Schwartz, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Westchester Medical Center\nMount Sinai Hospital",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a distinct inflammatory demyelinating disorder. Pregnancy is considered an immunotolerant; most studies suggest that the relapse rate of demyelinating diseases decreases during pregnancy , with increased relapse rates postpartum. Nonetheless, MOGAD can present for the first time during pregnancy, creating diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively reviewed three MOG-IgG-positive patients from two tertiary centers who presented for the first time during pregnancy or the postpartum period. We summarized clinical phenotype, MRI, acute treatments, disease-modifying therapy (DMT), and obstetric outcomes.",
        "Results": "Three patients with confirmed MOG-IgG-associated disease were identified across two tertiary centers. 2 patients presenting with a new diagnosis of MOGAD for the first time during pregnancy and 1 patients presenting in postpartum period. Out of a total of four clinical episodes , two episodes were optic neuritis and the remaining two presentations were transvers myelitis . One of these patients subsequently relapsed five weeks postpartum. Visual outcomes were favorable overall, with recovery to 20/30 or better following immunotherapy. MOG-IgG titers were ≥1:100 in all; MRI findings demonstrated longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions in two patients , and bilateral T2 hyperintensities of intra- orbital segments of the optic nerve in another. Pregnancy complications were seen in 2 patients including fetal distress requiring urgent cesarean section at 33 + 6 weeks and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with cesarean delivery at 31 weeks. One patient experienced a miscarriage in subsequent pregnancy at 6 weeks followed by an additional pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes and preterm cesarean delivery. arean at 35+1 weeks.",
        "Conclusions": "This case series highlights an understudied population presenting with new-onset MOGAD during the peripartum period. MOGAD should remain in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating events in pregnancy. Prompt diagnosis and therapy are crucial for maximizing recovery, and further research is needed to clarify the relationship between MOGAD and obstetric outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS: Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose.\nClaudia Zbrzeski, MD: Dr. Zbrzeski has nothing to disclose.\nSangharsha Thapa, MD: Dr. Thapa has nothing to disclose.\nMichelle Fabian, MD, FAAN: Dr. Fabian has nothing to disclose.\nStephanie Gandelman, MD: Dr. Gandelman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Gandelman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Gandelman has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals.\nDaniel Schwartz, MD: Dr. Schwartz has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case series highlights an understudied population presenting with new-onset MOGAD during the peripartum period. MOGAD should remain in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating events in pregnancy. Prompt diagnosis and therapy are crucial for maximizing recovery, and further research is needed to clarify the relationship between MOGAD and obstetric outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65215",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65215",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65216",
      "source_id": "65216",
      "abstract_number": "1-041",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-041",
      "title": "Initial Clinical and Radiological Phenotype as a Predictor of Long-term Functional Outcome in Pediatric MOGAD: A Rapid Review (2015-2025)",
      "authors": "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem, MD; Julia Rose Panikulam, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mohamed Abdul Raheem has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Julia Rose Panikulam, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Julia Rose Panikulam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Panikulam has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem",
        "Julia Rose Panikulam"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem, MD; Julia Rose Panikulam, MD",
        "Objective": "To identify whether initial clinical and radiological phenotype predicts long-term domain-specific functional outcomes in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) through a rapid review of evidence from 2015-2025.",
        "Background": "Pediatric MOGAD includes acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis (TM), and encephalitis, with variable functional trajectories. The presenting phenotype determines the primary outcome domain at risk (cognitive, visual, motor, or autonomic), yet phenotype-based predictors have not been synthesized.",
        "Design/Methods": "A rapid review of PubMed-indexed English-language studies (2015-2025) was conducted. Studies reporting pediatric phenotype-stratified functional outcomes in patients with confirmed MOG-IgG using cell-based assays were included. Adult-only cohorts, non-validated assays, and studies lacking phenotype-stratified pediatric outcomes were excluded. Data were synthesized narratively.",
        "Results": "Fifteen studies, including approximately 590 pediatric patients, were analyzed. ADEM showed the greatest cognitive burden: 39.5% required educational support post-onset versus 8.6% pre-onset (p < 0.05), and it independently predicted academic difficulty (78.9% vs. 41.3%, p = 0.02); deep grey matter involvement occurred in 86.6%. ON showed better visual recovery in children than adults (73.3% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.001) despite similar retinal nerve fiber layer atrophy (~63 µm) and had the highest relapse rates. TM conferred the highest disability risk: each one-point increase in nadir Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was associated with a 6.7-fold increase in odds of long-term disability (OR 6.65, 95% CI 1.33-33.26, p = 0.021), with persistent bladder dysfunction in 28%. Encephalitis was associated with higher epilepsy rates (18.2% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.003) and longer time to steroid initiation. Early immunotherapy initiated within 7 days reduced relapse risk significantly (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.61, p = 0.009).",
        "Conclusions": "Initial phenotype predicts domain-specific outcomes in pediatric MOGAD: ADEM (cognitive), ON (visual), TM (motor/autonomic), and encephalitis (epilepsy). Early immunotherapy is the key modifiable predictor. Standardized phenotype-based outcome assessment is warranted regardless of initial presentation.",
        "Disclosures": "Ayesha Begum Mohamed Abdul Raheem, MD: Dr. Mohamed Abdul Raheem has nothing to disclose.\nJulia Rose Panikulam, MD: Dr. Panikulam has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Initial phenotype predicts domain-specific outcomes in pediatric MOGAD: ADEM (cognitive), ON (visual), TM (motor/autonomic), and encephalitis (epilepsy). Early immunotherapy is the key modifiable predictor. Standardized phenotype-based outcome assessment is warranted regardless of initial presentation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65216",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65216",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 316
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65217",
      "source_id": "65217",
      "abstract_number": "1-042",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-042",
      "title": "Not Classic MOGAD: Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis Following HSV-1 Infection With EBV Seropositivity and High TRUE-MOGAD Score Despite Poor Immunotherapy Response",
      "authors": "Naeem Patel, Student; Ruba Shaik; Mamadou Diallo, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Naeem Patel, Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Naeem Patel, Student",
          "normalized_name": "Naeem Patel",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ruba Shaik",
          "normalized_name": "Ruba Shaik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Shaik has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mamadou Diallo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mamadou Diallo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Diallo has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Naeem Patel",
        "Ruba Shaik",
        "Mamadou Diallo"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Naeem Patel, Student; Ruba Shaik; Mamadou Diallo, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe a challenging case of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) in the setting of per/post-viral infection, illustrating application of the 2023 International MOGAD diagnostic criteria and the TRUE-MOGAD score in a low-titer MOG-IgG presentation with an incomplete immunotherapy response.",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an uncommon inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, distinct from MS and NMOSD. Diagnosis is particularly challenging with low MOG-IgG titers, prompting reliance on clinical and imaging features per 2023 criteria. Viral infections, including EBV and HSV, often act as immune triggers.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report",
        "Results": "A previously healthy 21-year-old man developed rapidly progressive bilateral lower-extremity numbness, pain, and weakness one week following a recent trip to Mexico preceded by febrile illness and oral ulcers. Initial evaluation suggested painful Guillain-Barré syndrome, and he received IVIG with clinical deterioration. MRI of the spine revealed a longitudinally extensive T2/STIR hyperintense lesion extending from C7/T1 to the conus, with minimal enhancement and cord swelling along with bilateral enhancement of the trigeminal nerve nuclei. CSF showed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein. Infectious testing demonstrated EBV serologies consistent with recent infection and PCR HSV-1 positivity; serum autoimmune testing revealed a low-positive MOG-IgG titer (1:40). Despite the low titer, the presence of LETM with conus involvement, bilateral Trigeminal nuclei involvement and a high TRUE-MOGAD score, support MOGAD with myelobomencephalitis likely triggered by recent viral infection. Treatment with high-dose corticosteroids and plasmapheresis led to stabilization but limited neurologic recovery, with persistent sensory deficits and paraplegia at discharge.",
        "Conclusions": "Low-titer MOGAD following EBV/HSV infection can present with severe LETM, conus and trigeminal involvement, fulfilling 2023 criteria via characteristic imaging and high TRUE-MOGAD score. Parainfectious context and poor steroid/PLEX response complicate diagnosis and management, underscoring reliance on integrated clinical, radiographic, and serologic assessment in challenging low-titer scenarios after viral triggers occur.",
        "Disclosures": "Naeem Patel, Student: Mr. Patel has nothing to disclose.\nRuba Shaik: Ms. Shaik has nothing to disclose.\nMamadou Diallo, MD: Dr. Diallo has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Low-titer MOGAD following EBV/HSV infection can present with severe LETM, conus and trigeminal involvement, fulfilling 2023 criteria via characteristic imaging and high TRUE-MOGAD score. Parainfectious context and poor steroid/PLEX response complicate diagnosis and management, underscoring reliance on integrated clinical, radiographic, and serologic assessment in challenging low-titer scenarios after viral triggers occur.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65217",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65217",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65218",
      "source_id": "65218",
      "abstract_number": "1-043",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-043",
      "title": "A Decade Apart: Recurrent MOG Antibody Associated Optic Neuritis After Tdap Vaccination",
      "authors": "Maren Johnson, MS; Abby Brown, MD; Amanda F. Abuaf, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Maren Johnson, MS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maren Johnson, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Maren Johnson",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Johnson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abby Brown, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abby Brown",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Brown has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda F. Abuaf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda F. Abuaf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abuaf has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maren Johnson",
        "Abby Brown",
        "Amanda F. Abuaf"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics",
        "University of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics",
        "University of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maren Johnson, MS; Abby Brown, MD; Amanda F. Abuaf, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics\nUniversity of Wisconsin",
        "Objective": "To present a case of two recurrences of Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) precipitated by administration of TDaP vaccination.",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system with presence of positive antibodies against the myelin oligodendrocyte protein. MOGAD has been triggered by infections and vaccinations with symptom onset typically 1-2 weeks post infection or inoculation. Vaccinations linked to MOGAD include COVID-19, influenza, TDaP and MMR. To date there has only been relapse of MOGAD after subsequent doses of COVID-19.",
        "Design/Methods": "An adult male presented to a tertiary medical center for ongoing care after being admitted to local hospitals twice with symptoms of bilateral eye pain and vision loss 2 weeks following administration of Tdap vaccination. Presentations: 11/6/15 (vaccination 10/22/15, 15 days), 9/2/24 (vaccination 8/20/24, 13 days).",
        "Results": "Initial presentation MRI demonstrated bilateral optic neuritis with reported normal CSF and serum studies. Patient treated with high dose steroids followed by pulse dose steroids for one month with return to normal vision. Second presentation MRI demonstrated bilateral optic neuritis and serum MOG Ab positive with titer of 1:160 and negative serum NMO/AQP4 Ab. Patient was started on high dose steroids followed by maintenance steroids and initiation of steroid sparing therapy. Vision returned to baseline with no additional episodes of eye pain or vision changes.",
        "Conclusions": "We present a case of two recurrences of post Tdap inoculation MOGAD in an adult patient which to date has only been monophasic following Tdap. This would be the first case of multiple flares of MOGAD triggered by a vaccination other than COVID-19 vaccination which suggests the autoimmune response could be triggered by not only T cell mediated molecular mimicry but also alternative mechanisms such as adjuvant-induced immunity from tetanus aluminum-based adjuvants which has been linked with increased immune response.",
        "Disclosures": "Maren Johnson, MS: Dr. Johnson has nothing to disclose.\nAbby Brown, MD: Ms. Brown has nothing to disclose.\nAmanda F. Abuaf, MD: Dr. Abuaf has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We present a case of two recurrences of post Tdap inoculation MOGAD in an adult patient which to date has only been monophasic following Tdap. This would be the first case of multiple flares of MOGAD triggered by a vaccination other than COVID-19 vaccination which suggests the autoimmune response could be triggered by not only T cell mediated molecular mimicry but also alternative mechanisms such as adjuvant-induced immunity f…",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65218",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65218",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65219",
      "source_id": "65219",
      "abstract_number": "1-044",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-044",
      "title": "MOG Antibody-associated Disease Mimicking Infective Meningitis: A Diagnostic Challenge",
      "authors": "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS",
      "presenting_author": "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS",
          "normalized_name": "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Panhwar has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG associated disorders are an increasingly recognized group of demyelinating inflammatory autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. They are now considered a distinct clinical entity and frequently manifest with optic neuritis, myelitis, encephalitis, or combinations of these features. Their presentation may can closely resemble infectious meningoencephalitis, leading to diagnostic challenges and potential delays in appropriate treatment",
        "Design/Methods": "A 38-year-old right-handed female nurse presented on 23rd December 2024 with an acute febrile illness characterized by fever, chills, vomiting, photophobia, and neck stiffness following a night shift. There was no associated rash, myalgia, or arthralgia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed a white blood cell count of 450 cells/mm³ with 70% lymphocytic predominance and elevated protein of 1.03 g/L, BioFire panel was negative. MRI of the brain demonstrated non contrast enhancing bilateral thalamic hyperintensitieson T2. She was empirically treated with intravenous ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and acyclovir for presumed infectious meningoencephalitis. Over the following days, she developed progressive neurological symptoms including gait ataxia, urinary retention, and fecal incontinence without perineal sensory loss or paresthesia. Repeat MRI showed interval improvement in thalamic lesions but revealed new signal non enhancing abnormalities in the cerebellar peduncles. In the context of evolving multifocal central nervous system involvement and negative infectious workup, an autoimmune demyelinating process was suspected. Serum testing confirmed positivity for MOG antibodies, establishing the diagnosis of MOG antibody-associated disease. She was treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, resulting in marked clinical improvement, followed by an oral steroid taper. A follow-up MRI at 20 days demonstrated near-complete resolution of previously noted abnormalities.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights an atypical presentation of MOG antibody-associated disease mimicking infectious meningoencephalitis, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and timely immunotherapy for optimal outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Ali Azhar Panhwar, FCPS: Dr. Panhwar has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights an atypical presentation of MOG antibody-associated disease mimicking infectious meningoencephalitis, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and timely immunotherapy for optimal outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65219",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65219",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 288
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65220",
      "source_id": "65220",
      "abstract_number": "1-045",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-045",
      "title": "Tumefactive MOGAD Mimicking Multiple Sclerosis: A Diagnostic Challenge",
      "authors": "Andrew Misbrener, DO; Shivani Venkatesh, DO; Amanda Peck, MD; Julian Lee, MD; Samuel B. Marcucci, MD; Aram Zabeti, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Andrew Misbrener, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andrew Misbrener, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Misbrener",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Cincinnati",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Misbrener has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shivani Venkatesh, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Shivani Venkatesh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Venkatesh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda Peck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda Peck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Peck has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Julian Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Julian Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samuel B. Marcucci, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Samuel B. Marcucci",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Mr. Marcucci has received research support from Foundation of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aram Zabeti, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Aram Zabeti",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Cincinnati/Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octave. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD-Serono. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen . Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andrew Misbrener",
        "Shivani Venkatesh",
        "Amanda Peck",
        "Julian Lee",
        "Samuel B. Marcucci",
        "Aram Zabeti"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Cincinnati",
        "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine",
        "University of Cincinnati/Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Cincinnati",
        "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine",
        "University of Cincinnati/Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andrew Misbrener, DO; Shivani Venkatesh, DO; Amanda Peck, MD; Julian Lee, MD; Samuel B. Marcucci, MD; Aram Zabeti, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Cincinnati\nUC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine\nUniversity of Cincinnati/Dept of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of tumefactive MOGAD that was previously diagnosed as MS.",
        "Background": "Tumefactive demyelinating lesions can be seen in both myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) but are far more frequent in acute cases of MOGAD.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 21-year-old male presented with headache, unilateral optic neuritis, and left sided weakness in 2013. MRI Brain revealed a right temporal lesion extending to the internal capsule, thalamus, and basal ganglia. CSF studies showed a lymphocytic predominance, elevated IgG index, twelve oligoclonal bands, and positive EBV PCR in the CSF. He otherwise had a negative infectious workup. He was diagnosed with MS and treated with IV methylprednisolone. He presented one month later with worsening left sided weakness and left sided ataxia. Repeat MRI brain showed involvement of the right corona radiata, midbrain, insula, and frontal lobe. A biopsy was ultimately obtained due to rapid progression; this was consistent with tumefactive demyelination. After repeating treatment with steroids, natalizumab was initiated but discontinued in 2017 due to positive JC virus. He unfortunately had breakthrough radiographic activity that year and thus transitioned to ocrelizumab. As he exhibited atypical clinical and radiographic features of MS, in 2020, serum Mog-IgG was tested and was positive with a 1:100 titer. IVIG was initiated with the patient achieving stable disease activity, although later he had to stop IVIG due to dermatitis. His overall course has been complicated by right temporal lobe epilepsy, with semiology described as a \"rush sensation,\" loss of awareness, and ictal emesis.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing tumefactive MOGAD from MS, particularly in the presence of oligoclonal bands. MOGAD should be considered in patients with atypical clinical evolution or radiographic progression despite MS directed therapies. Early antibody testing may prevent delays in appropriate diagnosis and treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Andrew Misbrener, DO: Dr. Misbrener has nothing to disclose.\nShivani Venkatesh, DO: Dr. Venkatesh has nothing to disclose.\nAmanda Peck, MD: Dr. Peck has nothing to disclose.\nJulian Lee, MD: Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose.\nSamuel B. Marcucci, MD: The institution of Mr. Marcucci has received research support from Foundation of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers.\nAram Zabeti, MD: Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Octave. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD-Serono. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi-Genzyme. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen . Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Zabeti has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing tumefactive MOGAD from MS, particularly in the presence of oligoclonal bands. MOGAD should be considered in patients with atypical clinical evolution or radiographic progression despite MS directed therapies. Early antibody testing may prevent delays in appropriate diagnosis and treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65220",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65220",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65221",
      "source_id": "65221",
      "abstract_number": "1-046",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-046",
      "title": "An Unsolved Case of MOGAD: Hindsight is 20/20 in 2025",
      "authors": "Shivani Venkatesh, DO; Samuel B. Marcucci, MD; Tim Nguyen, MD; Dan Chapman, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Shivani Venkatesh, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Shivani Venkatesh, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Shivani Venkatesh",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Venkatesh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samuel B. Marcucci, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Samuel B. Marcucci",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Mr. Marcucci has received research support from Foundation of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tim Nguyen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tim Nguyen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dan Chapman, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Dan Chapman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UC Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Abbvie. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Shivani Venkatesh",
        "Samuel B. Marcucci",
        "Tim Nguyen",
        "Dan Chapman"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine",
        "Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center",
        "UC Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine",
        "Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center",
        "UC Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Shivani Venkatesh, DO; Samuel B. Marcucci, MD; Tim Nguyen, MD; Dan Chapman, DO",
        "Affiliations": "UC Health Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine\nCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center\nUC Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine",
        "Objective": "We report a case of relapsing MOGAD, previously diagnosed as POMS.",
        "Background": "Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disease that may present across all age groups and has clinical, radiographic, and immunologic features distinguishing this disease from multiple sclerosis (MS).Up to 5% of suspected pediatric onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) cases are found to have MOGAD.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 28-year-old female was initially hospitalized in 2004 at age 6 with afebrile focal onset status epilepticus. One month later she presented with lethargy and meningismus. MRI showed T2 FLAIR hyper-intensities in the bilateral temporal lobes, brainstem, and subcortical white and gray matter, with mild leptomeningeal enhancement. She had a negative infectious workup and was treated for ADEM with IVIG and IV methylprednisolone. Over the next three years, she presented with recurrent optic neuritis and behavioral disturbances. Repeat MRI imaging during this period showed involvement of the optic nerves, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord. AQP4-IgG testing was negative. CSF studies showed a lymphocytic pleocytosis, with oligoclonal bands not drawn. A diagnosis of POMS was made at age 12 and she was started on glatiramer acetate. Disease activity ceased after age 15. On presentation to our clinic, she had evidence of severe retinal nerve fiber layer thinning bilaterally on optical coherence tomography. As her clinical history and neuroimaging were atypical of MS and more consistent with MOGAD, serum MOG-IgG was sent and found to be positive with 1:100 titer.",
        "Conclusions": "This case emphasizes key features distinguishing MOGAD from MS including age of onset, ADEM presentation, and recurrent bilateral optic neuritis. Thus, patients with an atypical clinical presentation for MS may warrant reevaluation of the initial diagnosis. Future research should focus on the utility of routine screening and treatment guidelines for monophasic versus relapsing cases of MOGAD.",
        "Disclosures": "Shivani Venkatesh, DO: Dr. Venkatesh has nothing to disclose.\nSamuel B. Marcucci, MD: The institution of Mr. Marcucci has received research support from Foundation of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers.\nTim Nguyen, MD: Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose.\nDan Chapman, DO: Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Abbvie. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Chapman has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case emphasizes key features distinguishing MOGAD from MS including age of onset, ADEM presentation, and recurrent bilateral optic neuritis. Thus, patients with an atypical clinical presentation for MS may warrant reevaluation of the initial diagnosis. Future research should focus on the utility of routine screening and treatment guidelines for monophasic versus relapsing cases of MOGAD.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65221",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65221",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 294
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65222",
      "source_id": "65222",
      "abstract_number": "1-047",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-047",
      "title": "International Delphi Survey of Clinical Practice in Stiff Person Syndrome and Related Disorders: Treatment and Monitoring",
      "authors": "Yoji Hoshina, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Sadie McGreer; Justin Abbatemarco, MD; Bettina Balint, MD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD; Stefan Blum, PhD, FRACP; Adrian Budhram, MD; Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Livia A. Dutra, MD; Francesc R. Graus, MD; Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD; Takahiro Iizuka, MD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Saiju Jacob, MD, FAAN; Eric Lancaster, MD, PhD; Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD; Alfonso S. Lopez, MD; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD; Naoko Matsui, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Joao Moura, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Albert Saiz; Mateus M. Simabukuro, MD; Claudia Sommer, MD, PhD; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Alberto Vogrig, MD, PhD; Yujie Wang, MD; Tara Zier, DDS; Jacqueline Kraska, MA; Giovanna Manzano, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sadie McGreer",
          "normalized_name": "Sadie McGreer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss McGreer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Justin Abbatemarco, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Justin Abbatemarco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech . Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics, Inc.. Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bettina Balint, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bettina Balint",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital of Zurich",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Balint has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kyle M. Blackburn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kyle M. Blackburn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stefan Blum, PhD, FRACP",
          "normalized_name": "Stefan Blum",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Princess Alexandra Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from MSRA. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from PA Research Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adrian Budhram, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adrian Budhram",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "London Health Sciences Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Marinos C. Dalakas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Thomas Jefferson University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink."
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Livia A. Dutra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Livia A. Dutra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Laboratório Fleury. Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Francesc R. Graus, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Francesc R. Graus",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "IDIBAPS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Graus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for MedLink. Dr. Graus has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jerome Honnorat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
          "disclosure": "Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB. The institution of Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for journal of neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Takahiro Iizuka, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Takahiro Iizuka",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Iizuka has received research support from EUROIMMUN Japan Co., Ltd."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saiju Jacob, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Saiju Jacob",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Terumo BCT. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argen X. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric Lancaster, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Eric Lancaster",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lancaster has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Expert and Witness with US Vaccine Injury Compensation Program."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jenny Linnoila",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Linnoila has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a expert respondent on autoimmune encephalitis with U.S. government/DHHS/Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Dr. Linnoila has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Medical Advisory Board, Research Subcommittee, with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alfonso S. Lopez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alfonso S. Lopez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Mariotto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mariotto has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen, Sanofi, Alexion, Roche, TSF, Dynamics, UCB, Novartis, Amgen, AAN. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Ministero della Salute Italiano. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from TSF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from GJF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Euroimmun. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from FISM."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naoko Matsui, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naoko Matsui",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Matsui has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joao Moura, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Joao Moura",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Moura has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Scott D. Newsome",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
          "normalized_name": "Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mercy University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. O'Toole has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda L. Piquet",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy M. Quek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Albert Saiz",
          "normalized_name": "Albert Saiz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Clinico De Barcelona",
          "disclosure": "Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janseen. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for novartis. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mateus M. Simabukuro, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mateus M. Simabukuro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Simabukuro has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Claudia Sommer, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Claudia Sommer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurologische Klinik der Universitat",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Akigai. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nevro. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kedrion. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pfizer. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TEVA. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from DFG. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from BMBf."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alberto Vogrig, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alberto Vogrig",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Udine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Angelini. The institution of Dr. Vogrig has received research support from Ministero della Salute, Bando Ricerca Finalizzata."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yujie Wang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yujie Wang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UW Northwest",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from uniQure. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from NIH/NINDS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tara Zier, DDS",
          "normalized_name": "Tara Zier, DDS",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zier has a non-compensated relationship as a Founder and CEO (unpaid) with The Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jacqueline Kraska, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Jacqueline Kraska",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Kraska has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giovanna Manzano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Giovanna Manzano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Sadie McGreer",
        "Justin Abbatemarco",
        "Bettina Balint",
        "Kyle M. Blackburn",
        "Stefan Blum",
        "Adrian Budhram",
        "Marinos C. Dalakas",
        "Josep O. Dalmau",
        "Livia A. Dutra",
        "Francesc R. Graus",
        "Jerome Honnorat",
        "Takahiro Iizuka",
        "Sarosh R. Irani",
        "Saiju Jacob",
        "Eric Lancaster",
        "Jenny Linnoila",
        "Alfonso S. Lopez",
        "Sara Mariotto",
        "Naoko Matsui",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Joao Moura",
        "Scott D. Newsome",
        "Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
        "Amanda L. Piquet",
        "Amy M. Quek",
        "Albert Saiz",
        "Mateus M. Simabukuro",
        "Claudia Sommer",
        "Maarten J. Titulaer",
        "Alberto Vogrig",
        "Yujie Wang",
        "Tara Zier, DDS",
        "Jacqueline Kraska",
        "Giovanna Manzano",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah Health",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "University Hospital of Zurich",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Princess Alexandra Hospital",
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
        "IDIBAPS",
        "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
        "Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "The University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology",
        "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
        "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
        "Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Mercy University Hospital",
        "University of Colorado",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Hospital Clinico De Barcelona",
        "Hospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med",
        "Neurologische Klinik der Universitat",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "University of Udine",
        "UW Northwest",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Utah"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah Health",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "University Hospital of Zurich",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Princess Alexandra Hospital",
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
        "IDIBAPS",
        "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
        "Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "The University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology",
        "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
        "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
        "Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Mercy University Hospital",
        "University of Colorado",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Hospital Clinico De Barcelona",
        "Hospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med",
        "Neurologische Klinik der Universitat",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "University of Udine",
        "UW Northwest",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Utah"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Yoji Hoshina, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Sadie McGreer; Justin Abbatemarco, MD; Bettina Balint, MD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD; Stefan Blum, PhD, FRACP; Adrian Budhram, MD; Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Livia A. Dutra, MD; Francesc R. Graus, MD; Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD; Takahiro Iizuka, MD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Saiju Jacob, MD, FAAN; Eric Lancaster, MD, PhD; Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD; Alfonso S. Lopez, MD; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD; Naoko Matsui, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Joao Moura, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Albert Saiz; Mateus M. Simabukuro, MD; Claudia Sommer, MD, PhD; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Alberto Vogrig, MD, PhD; Yujie Wang, MD; Tara Zier, DDS; Jacqueline Kraska, MA; Giovanna Manzano, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah Health\nU of U Neurology Clinic\nUniversity Hospital of Zurich\nUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center\nPrincess Alexandra Hospital\nLondon Health Sciences Centre\nThomas Jefferson University\nHospital Israelita Albert Einstein\nIDIBAPS\nHospices Civils de Lyon\nDepartment of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine\nMayo Clinic\nThe University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology\nUniversity Neurology Associates, UPMC\nNeurology Unit, University of Verona\nCentro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto\nJohns Hopkins Hospital\nMercy University Hospital\nUniversity of Colorado\nNational University Hospital\nHospital Clinico De Barcelona\nHospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med\nNeurologische Klinik der Universitat\nErasmus Medical Center\nUniversity of Udine\nUW Northwest\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nUniversity of Utah",
        "Objective": "To establish expert consensus and identify practice variation in treatment and monitoring approaches for stiff person syndrome (SPS) and related disorders.",
        "Background": "International consensus guidance on the treatment and monitoring of SPS and related disorders is lacking, and management approaches may vary across centers, countries, and resource settings.",
        "Design/Methods": "Forty international experts in SPS were identified based on peer-reviewed authorship. A modified Delphi survey was designed to evaluate agreement on treatment and monitoring. Consensus was predefined as greater than 80% agreement.",
        "Results": "Of 40 invited expert clinicians, 33 (83%) from 15 countries participated. Consensus was achieved for a 2-pronged treatment approach combining symptomatic therapy and immunotherapy in SPS. Consensus was also reached for benzodiazepines as first-line symptomatic treatment; adjunctive baclofen and botulinum toxin in selected patients; avoidance of opioids; use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) as first-line acute immunotherapy and first-line maintenance immunotherapy; plasma exchange for refractory or acutely worsening disease; individualized maintenance IVIg adjustment and tapering after sustained stability; rituximab for partial or nonresponders to IVIg; immunotherapy as the cornerstone of treatment for progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-associated cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy; the preferred role of rituximab in glycine receptor alpha1 antibody-associated PERM; concomitant antiseizure therapy for seizure phenotypes; consideration of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) for selected SPS patients; monitoring using objective functional measures; psychiatric screening; and diagnostic reassessment at follow-up. Consensus was not reached after Round 1 regarding initial IVIg dose and interval strategies, the use of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, pregnancy-specific treatment strategies, and several adjunctive symptomatic therapies.",
        "Conclusions": "This international Delphi survey helps identify areas of expert agreement and variation in the treatment and monitoring of SPS and related disorders across diverse clinical settings. These findings, supplemented by the round 2 data, may help inform future consensus recommendations.",
        "Disclosures": "Yoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nKa-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nSadie McGreer: Miss McGreer has nothing to disclose.\nJustin Abbatemarco, MD: Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech . Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics, Inc.. Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen.\nBettina Balint, MD: Dr. Balint has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nKyle M. Blackburn, MD: Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx.\nStefan Blum, PhD, FRACP: The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from MSRA. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from PA Research Foundation.\nAdrian Budhram, MD: Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose.\nMarinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink.\nJosep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nLivia A. Dutra, MD: Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Laboratório Fleury. Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Roche.\nFrancesc R. Graus, MD: Dr. Graus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for MedLink. Dr. Graus has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJerome Honnorat, MD, PhD: Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB. The institution of Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for journal of neurology.\nTakahiro Iizuka, MD: The institution of Dr. Iizuka has received research support from EUROIMMUN Japan Co., Ltd.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSaiju Jacob, MD, FAAN: Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Terumo BCT. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argen X. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck.\nEric Lancaster, MD, PhD: Dr. Lancaster has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Expert and Witness with US Vaccine Injury Compensation Program.\nJenny Linnoila, MD, PhD: Dr. Linnoila has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a expert respondent on autoimmune encephalitis with U.S. government/DHHS/Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Dr. Linnoila has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Medical Advisory Board, Research Subcommittee, with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAlfonso S. Lopez, MD: Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech .\nSara Mariotto, MD, PhD: Dr. Mariotto has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen, Sanofi, Alexion, Roche, TSF, Dynamics, UCB, Novartis, Amgen, AAN. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Ministero della Salute Italiano. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from TSF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from GJF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Euroimmun. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from FISM.\nNaoko Matsui, MD: Dr. Matsui has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nJoao Moura, MD: Dr. Moura has nothing to disclose.\nScott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN: Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche.\nOrna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD: Dr. O'Toole has nothing to disclose.\nAmanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAmy M. Quek, MBBS: The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca.\nAlbert Saiz: Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janseen. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for novartis. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen.\nMateus M. Simabukuro, MD: Dr. Simabukuro has nothing to disclose.\nClaudia Sommer, MD, PhD: Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Akigai. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nevro. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kedrion. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pfizer. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TEVA. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from DFG. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from BMBf.\nMaarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAlberto Vogrig, MD, PhD: Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Angelini. The institution of Dr. Vogrig has received research support from Ministero della Salute, Bando Ricerca Finalizzata.\nYujie Wang, MD: Dr. Wang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from uniQure. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from NIH/NINDS.\nTara Zier, DDS: Dr. Zier has a non-compensated relationship as a Founder and CEO (unpaid) with The Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJacqueline Kraska, MA: Ms. Kraska has nothing to disclose.\nGiovanna Manzano, MD: Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This international Delphi survey helps identify areas of expert agreement and variation in the treatment and monitoring of SPS and related disorders across diverse clinical settings. These findings, supplemented by the round 2 data, may help inform future consensus recommendations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65222",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65222",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65223",
      "source_id": "65223",
      "abstract_number": "1-048",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-048",
      "title": "International Delphi Survey of Clinical Practice in Stiff Person Syndrome and Related Disorders: Terminology and Diagnosis",
      "authors": "Yoji Hoshina, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Sadie McGreer; Justin Abbatemarco, MD; Bettina Balint, MD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD; Stefan Blum, PhD, FRACP; Adrian Budhram, MD; Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Livia A. Dutra, MD; Francesc R. Graus, MD; Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD; Takahiro Iizuka, MD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Saiju Jacob, MD, FAAN; Eric Lancaster, MD, PhD; Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD; Alfonso S. Lopez, MD; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD; Naoko Matsui, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Joao Moura, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Albert Saiz; Mateus M. Simabukuro, MD; Claudia Sommer, MD, PhD; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Alberto Vogrig, MD, PhD; Yujie Wang, MD; Tara Zier, DDS; Jacqueline Kraska, MA; Giovanna Manzano, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sadie McGreer",
          "normalized_name": "Sadie McGreer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss McGreer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Justin Abbatemarco, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Justin Abbatemarco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech . Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics, Inc.. Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bettina Balint, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bettina Balint",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital of Zurich",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Balint has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kyle M. Blackburn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kyle M. Blackburn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stefan Blum, PhD, FRACP",
          "normalized_name": "Stefan Blum",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Princess Alexandra Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from MSRA. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from PA Research Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adrian Budhram, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adrian Budhram",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "London Health Sciences Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Marinos C. Dalakas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Thomas Jefferson University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink."
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Livia A. Dutra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Livia A. Dutra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Laboratório Fleury. Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Francesc R. Graus, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Francesc R. Graus",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "IDIBAPS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Graus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for MedLink. Dr. Graus has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jerome Honnorat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
          "disclosure": "Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB. The institution of Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for journal of neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Takahiro Iizuka, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Takahiro Iizuka",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Iizuka has received research support from EUROIMMUN Japan Co., Ltd."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saiju Jacob, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Saiju Jacob",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Terumo BCT. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argen X. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric Lancaster, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Eric Lancaster",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lancaster has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Expert and Witness with US Vaccine Injury Compensation Program."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jenny Linnoila",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Linnoila has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a expert respondent on autoimmune encephalitis with U.S. government/DHHS/Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Dr. Linnoila has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Medical Advisory Board, Research Subcommittee, with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alfonso S. Lopez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alfonso S. Lopez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Mariotto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mariotto has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen, Sanofi, Alexion, Roche, TSF, Dynamics, UCB, Novartis, Amgen, AAN. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Ministero della Salute Italiano. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from TSF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from GJF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Euroimmun. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from FISM."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naoko Matsui, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naoko Matsui",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Matsui has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joao Moura, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Joao Moura",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Moura has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Scott D. Newsome",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
          "normalized_name": "Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mercy University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. O'Toole has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda L. Piquet",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy M. Quek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Albert Saiz",
          "normalized_name": "Albert Saiz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Clinico De Barcelona",
          "disclosure": "Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janseen. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for novartis. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mateus M. Simabukuro, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mateus M. Simabukuro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Simabukuro has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Claudia Sommer, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Claudia Sommer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurologische Klinik der Universitat",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Akigai. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nevro. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kedrion. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pfizer. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TEVA. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from DFG. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from BMBf."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alberto Vogrig, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alberto Vogrig",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Udine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Angelini. The institution of Dr. Vogrig has received research support from Ministero della Salute, Bando Ricerca Finalizzata."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yujie Wang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yujie Wang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UW Northwest",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from uniQure. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from NIH/NINDS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tara Zier, DDS",
          "normalized_name": "Tara Zier, DDS",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zier has a non-compensated relationship as a Founder and CEO (unpaid) with The Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jacqueline Kraska, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Jacqueline Kraska",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Kraska has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giovanna Manzano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Giovanna Manzano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Sadie McGreer",
        "Justin Abbatemarco",
        "Bettina Balint",
        "Kyle M. Blackburn",
        "Stefan Blum",
        "Adrian Budhram",
        "Marinos C. Dalakas",
        "Josep O. Dalmau",
        "Livia A. Dutra",
        "Francesc R. Graus",
        "Jerome Honnorat",
        "Takahiro Iizuka",
        "Sarosh R. Irani",
        "Saiju Jacob",
        "Eric Lancaster",
        "Jenny Linnoila",
        "Alfonso S. Lopez",
        "Sara Mariotto",
        "Naoko Matsui",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Joao Moura",
        "Scott D. Newsome",
        "Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
        "Amanda L. Piquet",
        "Amy M. Quek",
        "Albert Saiz",
        "Mateus M. Simabukuro",
        "Claudia Sommer",
        "Maarten J. Titulaer",
        "Alberto Vogrig",
        "Yujie Wang",
        "Tara Zier, DDS",
        "Jacqueline Kraska",
        "Giovanna Manzano",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah Health",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "University Hospital of Zurich",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Princess Alexandra Hospital",
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
        "IDIBAPS",
        "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
        "Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "The University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology",
        "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
        "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
        "Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Mercy University Hospital",
        "University of Colorado",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Hospital Clinico De Barcelona",
        "Hospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med",
        "Neurologische Klinik der Universitat",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "University of Udine",
        "UW Northwest",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Utah"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah Health",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "University Hospital of Zurich",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Princess Alexandra Hospital",
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
        "IDIBAPS",
        "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
        "Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "The University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology",
        "University Neurology Associates, UPMC",
        "Neurology Unit, University of Verona",
        "Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Mercy University Hospital",
        "University of Colorado",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Hospital Clinico De Barcelona",
        "Hospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med",
        "Neurologische Klinik der Universitat",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "University of Udine",
        "UW Northwest",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "University of Utah"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Yoji Hoshina, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Sadie McGreer; Justin Abbatemarco, MD; Bettina Balint, MD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD; Stefan Blum, PhD, FRACP; Adrian Budhram, MD; Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Livia A. Dutra, MD; Francesc R. Graus, MD; Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD; Takahiro Iizuka, MD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Saiju Jacob, MD, FAAN; Eric Lancaster, MD, PhD; Jenny Linnoila, MD, PhD; Alfonso S. Lopez, MD; Sara Mariotto, MD, PhD; Naoko Matsui, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Joao Moura, MD; Scott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN; Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Albert Saiz; Mateus M. Simabukuro, MD; Claudia Sommer, MD, PhD; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Alberto Vogrig, MD, PhD; Yujie Wang, MD; Tara Zier, DDS; Jacqueline Kraska, MA; Giovanna Manzano, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah Health\nU of U Neurology Clinic\nUniversity Hospital of Zurich\nUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center\nPrincess Alexandra Hospital\nLondon Health Sciences Centre\nThomas Jefferson University\nHospital Israelita Albert Einstein\nIDIBAPS\nHospices Civils de Lyon\nDepartment of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine\nMayo Clinic\nThe University of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Neurology\nUniversity Neurology Associates, UPMC\nNeurology Unit, University of Verona\nCentro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto\nJohns Hopkins Hospital\nMercy University Hospital\nUniversity of Colorado\nNational University Hospital\nHospital Clinico De Barcelona\nHospital Das Clinicas, Sao Paulo U Scho of Med\nNeurologische Klinik der Universitat\nErasmus Medical Center\nUniversity of Udine\nUW Northwest\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nUniversity of Utah",
        "Objective": "To establish expert consensus and identify practice variation in terminology and diagnostic approaches for stiff person syndrome (SPS) and related disorders.",
        "Background": "SPS is a rare and clinically heterogeneous condition. Although expert-proposed diagnostic criteria exist, international consensus guidance is lacking, and approaches to terminology and diagnosis vary across centers, countries, and resource settings.",
        "Design/Methods": "Forty international experts in SPS were identified based on peer-reviewed authorship. A modified Delphi survey was designed to evaluate agreement on terminology and diagnosis. Consensus was predefined as greater than 80% agreement.",
        "Results": "Of 40 invited expert clinicians, 33 (83%) from 15 countries participated. Consensus was achieved for the terminology of classic SPS; partial SPS; SPS-plus; progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM); and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-associated cerebellar ataxia. Consensus was also reached for key diagnostic elements, including core clinical symptoms and signs of classic/partial SPS; supportive features (exaggerated startle responses and coexisting autoimmune comorbidities in GAD65-positive cases); the importance of serologic testing; clinically relevant high-titer GAD65 antibody thresholds according to assay methodology; the diagnostic utility of glycine receptor alpha1 antibody in suspected PERM and GAD65 antibody negative SPS cases; the role of electrophysiology, especially in seronegative cases; definite diagnostic criteria for classic/partial SPS and SPS-plus; diagnostic frameworks for PERM and GAD65-associated cerebellar ataxia; and major exclusion criteria and diagnostic pitfalls. Consensus was not reached after Round 1 for the use of stiff person spectrum disorder as an umbrella term including PERM, epilepsy and cerebellar ataxia phenotypes; probable and possible SPS diagnostic criteria; and the terminology and diagnostic approach for GAD65-associated epilepsy.",
        "Conclusions": "This international Delphi survey helps identify areas of expert agreement and variation in the diagnosis of SPS and related disorders across diverse clinical settings. These findings, supplemented by the round 2 data, may help inform future consensus recommendations.",
        "Disclosures": "Yoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nKa-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nSadie McGreer: Miss McGreer has nothing to disclose.\nJustin Abbatemarco, MD: Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech . Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics, Inc.. Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen.\nBettina Balint, MD: Dr. Balint has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nKyle M. Blackburn, MD: Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx.\nStefan Blum, PhD, FRACP: The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from MSRA. The institution of Dr. Blum has received research support from PA Research Foundation.\nAdrian Budhram, MD: Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose.\nMarinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink.\nJosep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nLivia A. Dutra, MD: Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Laboratório Fleury. Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Roche.\nFrancesc R. Graus, MD: Dr. Graus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for MedLink. Dr. Graus has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJerome Honnorat, MD, PhD: Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB. The institution of Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for journal of neurology.\nTakahiro Iizuka, MD: The institution of Dr. Iizuka has received research support from EUROIMMUN Japan Co., Ltd.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSaiju Jacob, MD, FAAN: Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Terumo BCT. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argen X. Dr. Jacob has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck.\nEric Lancaster, MD, PhD: Dr. Lancaster has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Expert and Witness with US Vaccine Injury Compensation Program.\nJenny Linnoila, MD, PhD: Dr. Linnoila has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a expert respondent on autoimmune encephalitis with U.S. government/DHHS/Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Dr. Linnoila has a non-compensated relationship as a member of the Medical Advisory Board, Research Subcommittee, with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAlfonso S. Lopez, MD: Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Lopez has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech .\nSara Mariotto, MD, PhD: Dr. Mariotto has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen, Sanofi, Alexion, Roche, TSF, Dynamics, UCB, Novartis, Amgen, AAN. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Ministero della Salute Italiano. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from TSF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from GJF. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from Euroimmun. The institution of Dr. Mariotto has received research support from FISM.\nNaoko Matsui, MD: Dr. Matsui has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nJoao Moura, MD: Dr. Moura has nothing to disclose.\nScott D. Newsome, DO, FAAN: Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from National MS Society. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Lundbeck. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Newsome has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Newsome has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Lead PI for Clinical Trial with Roche.\nOrna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD: Dr. O'Toole has nothing to disclose.\nAmanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAmy M. Quek, MBBS: The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca.\nAlbert Saiz: Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janseen. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for novartis. Albert Saiz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen.\nMateus M. Simabukuro, MD: Dr. Simabukuro has nothing to disclose.\nClaudia Sommer, MD, PhD: Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Akigai. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nevro. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kedrion. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pfizer. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TEVA. Dr. Sommer has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from DFG. The institution of Dr. Sommer has received research support from BMBf.\nMaarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAlberto Vogrig, MD, PhD: Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Dr. Vogrig has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Angelini. The institution of Dr. Vogrig has received research support from Ministero della Salute, Bando Ricerca Finalizzata.\nYujie Wang, MD: Dr. Wang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from uniQure. The institution of Dr. Wang has received research support from NIH/NINDS.\nTara Zier, DDS: Dr. Zier has a non-compensated relationship as a Founder and CEO (unpaid) with The Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJacqueline Kraska, MA: Ms. Kraska has nothing to disclose.\nGiovanna Manzano, MD: Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This international Delphi survey helps identify areas of expert agreement and variation in the diagnosis of SPS and related disorders across diverse clinical settings. These findings, supplemented by the round 2 data, may help inform future consensus recommendations.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22379",
          "title": "C16 - Autoimmune Movement Disorders",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22379",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Andrew McKeon, MD, Orna O'Toole, MB, BCh, BAO MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiologic mechanisms of autoimmune movement disorders, including IgLON5 disease and stiff-person spectrum disorders; differentiate autoimmune movement disorders from neurodegenerative, functional, infectious, and other neurological conditions that may present with abnormal movements; and apply evidence-based diagnostic and treatment strategies for patients with suspected autoimmune movement disorders, incorporating current advances in antibody testing, neuroimaging, and immunotherapy.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65223",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65223",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65224",
      "source_id": "65224",
      "abstract_number": "1-049",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-049",
      "title": "Autoimmune Comorbidity is Not a Phenotypic Modifier in Parkinson’s Disease",
      "authors": "Johnny Zaatar, MD; Dyuti Shah, MD; Joshua M. Shulman, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Johnny Zaatar, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Johnny Zaatar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Johnny Zaatar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zaatar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dyuti Shah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dyuti Shah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joshua M. Shulman, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Joshua M. Shulman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Duncan Neurological Research Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shulman has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Helis Medical Foudation. The institution of Dr. Shulman has received research support from National Institutes of Health."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Johnny Zaatar",
        "Dyuti Shah",
        "Joshua M. Shulman"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Duncan Neurological Research Institute"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Duncan Neurological Research Institute"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Johnny Zaatar, MD; Dyuti Shah, MD; Joshua M. Shulman, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Duncan Neurological Research Institute",
        "Objective": "To examine whether autoimmune diseases (AID) are associated with a distinct clinical phenotype in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), including motor and non-motor manifestations, symptoms severity, cognition, and quality of life.",
        "Background": "Epidemiologic studies have shown that AIDs are associated with an increased risk of developing PD. Biologically, growing evidence supports shared genetic pathways (particularly HLA), alpha-synuclein T cell responses, and peripheral immune system activation. However, the clinical phenotypic influence of these autoimmune conditions on PD patients remains under-investigated.",
        "Design/Methods": "We analyzed 495 PD patients from a single-center cohort: 442 without and 53 with AID. 30 had a systemic (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Sjögren’s syndrome) and 23 had an organ-restricted (i.e., Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, type 1 diabetes) AID. We compared outcomes on the MDS-UPDRS Parts I-IV, REM sleep behavior disorder screening, MoCA, B-SIT, fine motor testing (Purdue pegboard, finger tapping), patient-reported outcomes (PROMIS-29 and Global Health questionnaire), and fall history. All regression models were adjusted for age, sex, PD duration, and levodopa equivalent dose. We compared groups with/without AID and separately considered systemic vs. organ-restricted-AID.",
        "Results": "All groups were similar in age (mean 64.9), sex (63% male), age at PD onset, and age at diagnosis (59 years). AID patients had a shorter disease duration at evaluation (4.6 vs 5.9 years, p = 0.013) reflecting earlier cohort entry. All pre-specified outcomes were non-significant after adjustment (p > 0.05). Among exploratory outcomes, only fear of falling reached uncorrected p < 0.05, consistent with chance expectation. Separating systemic vs. organ-restricted AID did not change the null result.",
        "Conclusions": "In our cohort, AID was not associated with an altered clinical PD phenotype. While limited by modest AID subgroup size and heterogeneity, our findings do not support AID as a major modifier of PD phenotypes. Studies including larger cohorts and allowing for stratification by disease may be warranted.",
        "Disclosures": "Johnny Zaatar, MD: Dr. Zaatar has nothing to disclose.\nDyuti Shah, MD: Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose.\nJoshua M. Shulman, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Shulman has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Helis Medical Foudation. The institution of Dr. Shulman has received research support from National Institutes of Health."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In our cohort, AID was not associated with an altered clinical PD phenotype. While limited by modest AID subgroup size and heterogeneity, our findings do not support AID as a major modifier of PD phenotypes. Studies including larger cohorts and allowing for stratification by disease may be warranted.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65224",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65224",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65225",
      "source_id": "65225",
      "abstract_number": "1-050",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-050",
      "title": "Management of Movement Disorders in Neuronal Antibody-mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Systematic Review",
      "authors": "Nusaibah Tahsin, Medical Student; Negar Nasrkhani, BMSc; Deepa Dash, MD, DM",
      "presenting_author": "Nusaibah Tahsin, Medical Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nusaibah Tahsin, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Nusaibah Tahsin",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Tahsin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Negar Nasrkhani, BMSc",
          "normalized_name": "Negar Nasrkhani, BMSc",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Nasrkhani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Deepa Dash, MD, DM",
          "normalized_name": "Deepa Dash",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dash has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nusaibah Tahsin",
        "Negar Nasrkhani, BMSc",
        "Deepa Dash"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nusaibah Tahsin, Medical Student; Negar Nasrkhani, BMSc; Deepa Dash, MD, DM",
        "Objective": "To systematically evaluate treatment approaches and outcomes for movement disorders in neuronal antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis and to characterize their heterogeneity across antibody subtypes.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an increasingly recognized cause of non-infectious encephalitis, presenting with neuropsychiatric and movement disorder features across all age groups. Although movement disorders are a prominent component of the clinical phenotype, their management is inconsistently described, and treatment strategies have not been systematically evaluated.",
        "Design/Methods": "MEDLINE and PubMed were systematically searched for observational studies published up to December 6, 2025. Studies including adult or pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed neuronal cell-surface or synaptic antibody AE were included, while those lacking extractable data or relevant outcomes were excluded. Two independent reviewers conducted screening with consensus-based conflict resolution. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist was used for data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment. Of 588 records identified, 106 duplicates were removed, leaving 482 records screened, 143 full-text articles assessed, and 121 studies included.",
        "Results": "Across 121 studies comprising 2,748 patients, most employed a stepwise immunotherapy approach, with first-line treatments including corticosteroids, IVIG, and plasma exchange, followed by escalation to rituximab or cyclophosphamide where necessary. Symptomatic therapies (antiepileptics, benzodiazepines, dopamine-depleting agents) and tumor resection in paraneoplastic cases were also widely used. The most common movement disorder phenomenology were dystonia (47%) and chorea (33%), with distinct antibody-specific patterns. Partial response was the most frequent outcome (55%), followed by complete resolution (35%), no response (17%), and clinical worsening (16%). Complete-resolution rates were highest in LGI1 (62%, n=8) and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (43%, particularly in pediatric and tumor-associated cases), and lowest in IgLON5 disease (5%).",
        "Conclusions": "These findings support early, individualized, stepwise immunotherapy as the optimal management strategy for movement disorders in AE. Standardized outcome reporting and longer-term follow-up are needed to facilitate timely treatment initiation and improve long-term outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Nusaibah Tahsin, Medical Student: Miss Tahsin has nothing to disclose.\nNegar Nasrkhani, BMSc: Miss Nasrkhani has nothing to disclose.\nDeepa Dash, MD, DM: Dr. Dash has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "These findings support early, individualized, stepwise immunotherapy as the optimal management strategy for movement disorders in AE. Standardized outcome reporting and longer-term follow-up are needed to facilitate timely treatment initiation and improve long-term outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65225",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65225",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 297
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65226",
      "source_id": "65226",
      "abstract_number": "1-051",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-051",
      "title": "A Case of Anti-IgLON5 Antibody Syndrome with Bulbar Symptoms Mimicking Progressive Supranuclear Palsy",
      "authors": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban, MD; Sahithi Avva; Robert G. Smith, MD, PhD, FAAN; Abdul Rahman Alchaki, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shiban has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sahithi Avva",
          "normalized_name": "Sahithi Avva",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist",
          "disclosure": "Sahithi Avva has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Robert G. Smith, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Robert G. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Methodist Neurological Institute",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abdul Rahman Alchaki, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abdul Rahman Alchaki",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alchaki has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban",
        "Sahithi Avva",
        "Robert G. Smith",
        "Abdul Rahman Alchaki"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Houston Methodist Hospital",
        "Houston Methodist",
        "Methodist Neurological Institute"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Houston Methodist Hospital",
        "Houston Methodist",
        "Methodist Neurological Institute"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban, MD; Sahithi Avva; Robert G. Smith, MD, PhD, FAAN; Abdul Rahman Alchaki, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Houston Methodist Hospital\nHouston Methodist\nMethodist Neurological Institute",
        "Objective": "To describe a complex case of anti-IgLON5 disease with severe respiratory and neurological involvement, highlighting treatment response and the clinical impact of IVIG dosing frequency.",
        "Background": "Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare autoimmune encephalitis characterized by sleep dysfunction, bulbar symptoms, movement disorders, and neurodegeneration. Optimal immunotherapy strategies remain uncertain.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective review of clinical course, diagnostic workup, hospitalizations, and treatments.",
        "Results": "A 72-year-old man presented with longstanding REM sleep behavior disorder, sensory neuropathy, and progressive bulbar symptoms including dysarthria, dysphagia, dyspnea with inspiratory stridor, diplopia, gait instability, stiffness, urinary retention, constipation, and cognitive decline. MRI brain showed midbrain atrophy with nonspecific white matter changes; DaTscan was normal. Neurologic exam revealed supranuclear palsy with impaired upward gaze, apraxia (ideational, ideomotor, and limb-kinetic), axial rigidity, bradykinesia, gait instability, and length-dependent sensory loss. Serum anti-IgLON5 antibodies were positive (1:960), confirmed in CSF; CSF showed 2 WBC, normal protein, and negative oligoclonal bands. The patient had recurrent hospitalizations for hypercapnic respiratory failure, aspiration pneumonia, and cardiac arrests, requiring tracheostomy and PEG placement. He received IVIG (2 g/kg over 5 days), plasma exchange, and two doses of rituximab. He was later transitioned to biweekly IVIG (1 g/kg every 2 weeks) while rituximab was held due to infection risk. Immunotherapy stabilized disease progression with modest cognitive and functional improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the severe, multisystem nature of anti-IgLON5 disease and supports aggressive, individualized immunotherapy. Early recognition is critical to reduce morbidity and mortality, particularly in patients with significant respiratory involvement.",
        "Disclosures": "Nisreen Nisreen Shiban, MD: Dr. Shiban has nothing to disclose.\nSahithi Avva: Sahithi Avva has nothing to disclose.\nRobert G. Smith, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Smith has nothing to disclose.\nAbdul Rahman Alchaki, MD: Dr. Alchaki has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the severe, multisystem nature of anti-IgLON5 disease and supports aggressive, individualized immunotherapy. Early recognition is critical to reduce morbidity and mortality, particularly in patients with significant respiratory involvement.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65226",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65226",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 243
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65227",
      "source_id": "65227",
      "abstract_number": "1-052",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-052",
      "title": "Acquired Hemidystonia as a Manifestation of Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Young Adult",
      "authors": "Laiba Iqbal; Nsser Abdelall, MD; Sarah Perez, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Laiba Iqbal",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Laiba Iqbal",
          "normalized_name": "Laiba Iqbal",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Iqbal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nsser Abdelall, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nsser Abdelall",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "LSU Health Sciences - CALS Bldg",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abdelall has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah Perez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah Perez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Perez has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Laiba Iqbal",
        "Nsser Abdelall",
        "Sarah Perez"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "LSU Health Sciences - CALS Bldg"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "LSU Health Sciences - CALS Bldg"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Laiba Iqbal; Nsser Abdelall, MD; Sarah Perez, MD",
        "Affiliations": "LSU Health Sciences - CALS Bldg",
        "Objective": "To describe hemidystonia as a rare neurologic manifestation of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and highlight diagnostic and management challenges.",
        "Background": "Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune hypercoagulable state. While chorea is the most frequently reported movement disorder in APS, occurring in approximately 1.3% of cases, hemidystonia is a rare manifestation typically resulting from ischemic or microvascular insult to the contralateral basal ganglia or thalamocortical circuits.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 25-year-old male with a history of primary APS, systemic lupus erythematosus, and recurrent deep vein thrombosis presented with chronic left-sided hemidystonia and episodic, severe pain. Physical examination during symptomatic episodes revealed characteristic dystonic features: the left hand demonstrated a combination of forced finger extension and flexion, while the left foot exhibited sustained hyperextension (striatal toe). These findings were accompanied by tonic contraction of the left trapezius. Outside of these paroxysmal episodes, the patient exhibited baseline choreiform and tic-like movements. Clinical history revealed a temporal correlation between symptom exacerbations and periods of sub-therapeutic anticoagulation, including a recent thrombosis of an iliac venous stent.",
        "Results": "The diagnosis of APS-related hemidystonia was made based on the patient’s known hypercoagulable state and the failure of alternative diagnoses. The hemidystonia was unresponsive to standard GABA-enhancing medications (benzodiazepines, gabapentin) and intensive immunotherapies, including IVIG and plasmapheresis. However, the patient reported significant symptomatic relief with diphenhydramine and was successfully transitioned to trihexyphenidyl. Management focused on secondary prevention by maintaining an aggressive high-intensity anticoagulation target with an INR of 3.0-4.0.",
        "Conclusions": "This case identifies hemidystonia as a primary organic manifestation of APS, likely driven by cumulative microvascular or ischemic injury. Management should focus on aggressive anticoagulation to prevent neurological progression and the use of anticholinergic therapy for symptomatic relief. A high index of suspicion is required to differentiate these organic posturing events from other paroxysmal movement disorders in the context of autoimmune disease.",
        "Disclosures": "Laiba Iqbal: Miss Iqbal has nothing to disclose.\nNsser Abdelall, MD: Dr. Abdelall has nothing to disclose.\nSarah Perez, MD: Dr. Perez has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case identifies hemidystonia as a primary organic manifestation of APS, likely driven by cumulative microvascular or ischemic injury. Management should focus on aggressive anticoagulation to prevent neurological progression and the use of anticholinergic therapy for symptomatic relief.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65227",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65227",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65228",
      "source_id": "65228",
      "abstract_number": "1-053",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-053",
      "title": "Rituximab Improves Recovery Trajectories in Pediatric N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD; Ilana L. Kahn, MD; Leigh N. Sepeta, PhD; Zhulin He; James N. Brenton, MD, FAAN; Jennifer H. Yang, MD; Coral M. Stredny, MD; Ryan Kammeyer, MD; Kristen Fisher, DO; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Ayush Gupta, MBBS; Michael Sweeney, MD, FAAN; Varun Kannan, MD; Catherine E. Otten, MD; NgocHanh H. Vu, MD; Jonathan Santoro, MD; Karla Robles Lopez; Robert C. Goodrich III, MD; Scott I. Otallah, MD; Janetta L. Arellano, MD; Lydia Marcus, MD; Lileth Joy H. Mondok, MD; Andrew Christiana, MD; Morgan Morris; Mark Gorman, MD; Yike Jiang; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Timothy Erickson; Eyal Muscal; Kristy Murray; Manikum Moodley, MD, FAAN; Duriel I. Hardy, MD; Claude Steriade, MD; Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Children's National Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kornbluh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ilana L. Kahn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ilana L. Kahn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Childrens National Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kahn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leigh N. Sepeta, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Leigh N. Sepeta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children'S National Health System",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sepeta has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Grant PI with Nih. Dr. Sepeta has a non-compensated relationship as a Special volunteer with Nih that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zhulin He",
          "normalized_name": "Zhulin He",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University",
          "disclosure": "Zhulin He has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "James N. Brenton, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "James N. Brenton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for I-ACT on a Novartis sponsored project. The institution of Dr. Brenton has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Brenton has received research support from Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance. Dr. Brenton has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grant Reviewer with Department of Defense. Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Grant Reviewer with NIH. Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Grant Reviewer with FDA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer H. Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Coral M. Stredny, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Coral M. Stredny",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children's Hospital Boston",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stredny has stock in Proctor and Gamble. The institution of Dr. Stredny has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ryan Kammeyer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan Kammeyer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ogborn-Mihm Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received research support from Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristen Fisher, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Kristen Fisher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Sandweiss",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ayush Gupta, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ayush Gupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Sweeney, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Sweeney",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Louisville",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sweeney has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Sweeney has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis."
        },
        {
          "name": "Varun Kannan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Varun Kannan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory/CHOA",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catherine E. Otten, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Catherine E. Otten",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Otten has received research support from CDC."
        },
        {
          "name": "NgocHanh H. Vu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "NgocHanh H. Vu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Vanderbilt University, Child Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Syneos Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Santoro, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Santoro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for National Down Syndrome Society."
        },
        {
          "name": "Karla Robles Lopez",
          "normalized_name": "Karla Robles Lopez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas at Austin/DMS",
          "disclosure": "Karla Robles Lopez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Robert C. Goodrich III, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Robert C. Goodrich III",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Goodrich has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott I. Otallah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Scott I. Otallah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Wake Forest",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Otallah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck."
        },
        {
          "name": "Janetta L. Arellano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Janetta L. Arellano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "CHOC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arellano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lydia Marcus, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lydia Marcus",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Alabama Medical Center, Child Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marcus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ragsdale LLC. The institution of Dr. Marcus has received research support from NIAID."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lileth Joy H. Mondok, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lileth Joy H. Mondok",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "MCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mondok has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Christiana, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Christiana",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Christiana has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Morgan Morris",
          "normalized_name": "Morgan Morris",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University",
          "disclosure": "Morgan Morris has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mark Gorman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mark Gorman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Gorman has received research support from Pfizer. The institution of Dr. Gorman has received research support from Roche / Genetech ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yike Jiang",
          "normalized_name": "Yike Jiang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Yike Jiang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Timothy Erickson",
          "normalized_name": "Timothy Erickson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Texas A&M University",
          "disclosure": "Timothy Erickson has received research support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eyal Muscal",
          "normalized_name": "Eyal Muscal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Eyal Muscal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sobi. An immediate family member of Eyal Muscal has stock in pfizer."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristy Murray",
          "normalized_name": "Kristy Murray",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Kristy Murray has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Valneva. The institution of Kristy Murray has received research support from NIH. The institution of Kristy Murray has received research support from CDC. Kristy Murray has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Assoc Scientific Program Chair with American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manikum Moodley, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Manikum Moodley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Moodley has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Duriel I. Hardy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Duriel I. Hardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Dell Children's Specialty Pavillian",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hardy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Claude Steriade, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Claude Steriade",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for The Epilepsy Study Consortium. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Dynamed. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for DOJ. The institution of Dr. Steriade has received research support from NIH. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant with Epitel. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant with Jazz Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Speakers Bureau with SK Life Sciences. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speakers Bureau with Neurelis. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Xenon Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Grace Gombolay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from CDC. The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from NIH. Dr. Gombolay has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee with National MS Society -Georgia chapter that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alexandra B. Kornbluh",
        "Ilana L. Kahn",
        "Leigh N. Sepeta",
        "Zhulin He",
        "James N. Brenton",
        "Jennifer H. Yang",
        "Coral M. Stredny",
        "Ryan Kammeyer",
        "Kristen Fisher",
        "Alexander Sandweiss",
        "Ayush Gupta",
        "Michael Sweeney",
        "Varun Kannan",
        "Catherine E. Otten",
        "NgocHanh H. Vu",
        "Jonathan Santoro",
        "Karla Robles Lopez",
        "Robert C. Goodrich III",
        "Scott I. Otallah",
        "Janetta L. Arellano",
        "Lydia Marcus",
        "Lileth Joy H. Mondok",
        "Andrew Christiana",
        "Morgan Morris",
        "Mark Gorman",
        "Yike Jiang",
        "Melissa A. Wright",
        "Timothy Erickson",
        "Eyal Muscal",
        "Kristy Murray",
        "Manikum Moodley",
        "Duriel I. Hardy",
        "Claude Steriade",
        "Grace Gombolay"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Children's National Hospital",
        "Childrens National Medical Center",
        "Children'S National Health System",
        "Emory University",
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Children's Hospital Boston",
        "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
        "Baylor College of Medicine",
        "University of Louisville",
        "Emory/CHOA",
        "Vanderbilt University, Child Neurology",
        "Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
        "University of Texas at Austin/DMS",
        "Wake Forest",
        "CHOC",
        "University of Alabama Medical Center, Child Neurology",
        "MCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin",
        "NYU",
        "University of Utah",
        "Texas A&M University",
        "Dell Children's Specialty Pavillian",
        "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Children's National Hospital",
        "Childrens National Medical Center",
        "Children'S National Health System",
        "Emory University",
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Children's Hospital Boston",
        "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
        "Baylor College of Medicine",
        "University of Louisville",
        "Emory/CHOA",
        "Vanderbilt University, Child Neurology",
        "Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
        "University of Texas at Austin/DMS",
        "Wake Forest",
        "CHOC",
        "University of Alabama Medical Center, Child Neurology",
        "MCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin",
        "NYU",
        "University of Utah",
        "Texas A&M University",
        "Dell Children's Specialty Pavillian",
        "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD; Ilana L. Kahn, MD; Leigh N. Sepeta, PhD; Zhulin He; James N. Brenton, MD, FAAN; Jennifer H. Yang, MD; Coral M. Stredny, MD; Ryan Kammeyer, MD; Kristen Fisher, DO; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Ayush Gupta, MBBS; Michael Sweeney, MD, FAAN; Varun Kannan, MD; Catherine E. Otten, MD; NgocHanh H. Vu, MD; Jonathan Santoro, MD; Karla Robles Lopez; Robert C. Goodrich III, MD; Scott I. Otallah, MD; Janetta L. Arellano, MD; Lydia Marcus, MD; Lileth Joy H. Mondok, MD; Andrew Christiana, MD; Morgan Morris; Mark Gorman, MD; Yike Jiang; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Timothy Erickson; Eyal Muscal; Kristy Murray; Manikum Moodley, MD, FAAN; Duriel I. Hardy, MD; Claude Steriade, MD; Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Children's National Hospital\nChildrens National Medical Center\nChildren'S National Health System\nEmory University\nRady Childrens Hospital/UCSD\nChildren's Hospital Boston\nChildrens Hospital Colorado\nBaylor College of Medicine\nUniversity of Louisville\nEmory/CHOA\nVanderbilt University, Child Neurology\nDepartment of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles\nUniversity of Texas at Austin/DMS\nWake Forest\nCHOC\nUniversity of Alabama Medical Center, Child Neurology\nMCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin\nNYU\nUniversity of Utah\nTexas A&M University\nDell Children's Specialty Pavillian\nEmory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
        "Objective": "Early first-line immunotherapy improves outcomes in pediatric N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (pNMDARE), while consensus guidelines reserve second-line therapies (e.g., rituximab) for refractory cases.",
        "Background": "We evaluated outcomes in pNMDARE with rituximab treatment.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective pNMDARE cohort study across 18 institutions from the CONNECT (CONquering Neuroinflammation and Epilepsies ConsorTium) registry. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was evaluated at presentation, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Exact matching (2:1 without replacement) accounted for corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, cyclophosphamide, and presenting mRS. Generalized linear mixed models were used; adjusted models incorporated time and nested random effects.",
        "Results": "Among 219 patients, 103 were matched (65 rituximab-treated, 38 no-rituximab). Baseline characteristics and unadjusted comparisons of mRS at each timepoint were similar. Severe disability (mRS 5) at 24 months occurred only in the no-rituximab group (n=2). In adjusted analyses across follow-ups (n=335 observations), rituximab-treated patients improved more over time (β=-1.47, 95%CI [-2.71, -0.22], p=.022). Rituximab effect varied by corticosteroid use (β=1.81, 95%CI [0.53, 3.08], p=0.006) and over time (β=-.23 per month, 95%CI [-0.45, -0.01], p=0.044). In post-hoc contrasts versus neither treatment, rituximab-alone showed the greatest mRS improvement (-2.30; 95%CI [-3.30, -1.30], p<.001), followed by rituximab + corticosteroids (-2.16; 95%CI [-3.14, -1.18], p<.001), and corticosteroids-alone (-1.66; 95%CI [-2.90, -0.43], p=.009). mRS did not differ between rituximab + corticosteroids versus rituximab-alone (0.14; 95%CI [-0.20, 0.48], p=.413) or corticosteroids-alone (-0.50; 95%CI [-1.44, 0.45], p=.297).",
        "Conclusions": "Rituximab treatment in pNMDARE improves recovery trajectory, although benefits may be modulated by other treatment effects. Prospective large-scale studies are needed to validate findings and examine effects of individual immunotherapies, timing of treatments, and relapse rates.",
        "Disclosures": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD: Dr. Kornbluh has nothing to disclose.\nIlana L. Kahn, MD: Dr. Kahn has nothing to disclose.\nLeigh N. Sepeta, PhD: Dr. Sepeta has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Grant PI with Nih. Dr. Sepeta has a non-compensated relationship as a Special volunteer with Nih that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nZhulin He: Zhulin He has nothing to disclose.\nJames N. Brenton, MD, FAAN: Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for I-ACT on a Novartis sponsored project. The institution of Dr. Brenton has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Brenton has received research support from Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance. Dr. Brenton has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grant Reviewer with Department of Defense. Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Grant Reviewer with NIH. Dr. Brenton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Grant Reviewer with FDA.\nJennifer H. Yang, MD: Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation.\nCoral M. Stredny, MD: Dr. Stredny has stock in Proctor and Gamble. The institution of Dr. Stredny has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation.\nRyan Kammeyer, MD: The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ogborn-Mihm Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received research support from Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center.\nKristen Fisher, DO: Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD: Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose.\nAyush Gupta, MBBS: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nMichael Sweeney, MD, FAAN: Dr. Sweeney has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Sweeney has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis.\nVarun Kannan, MD: Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose.\nCatherine E. Otten, MD: The institution of Dr. Otten has received research support from CDC.\nNgocHanh H. Vu, MD: Dr. Vu has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Syneos Health.\nJonathan Santoro, MD: Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for National Down Syndrome Society.\nKarla Robles Lopez: Karla Robles Lopez has nothing to disclose.\nRobert C. Goodrich III, MD: Dr. Goodrich has nothing to disclose.\nScott I. Otallah, MD: Dr. Otallah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck.\nJanetta L. Arellano, MD: Dr. Arellano has nothing to disclose.\nLydia Marcus, MD: Dr. Marcus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ragsdale LLC. The institution of Dr. Marcus has received research support from NIAID.\nLileth Joy H. Mondok, MD: Dr. Mondok has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew Christiana, MD: Dr. Christiana has nothing to disclose.\nMorgan Morris: Morgan Morris has nothing to disclose.\nMark Gorman, MD: The institution of Dr. Gorman has received research support from Pfizer. The institution of Dr. Gorman has received research support from Roche / Genetech .\nYike Jiang: Yike Jiang has nothing to disclose.\nMelissa A. Wright, MD: Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis .\nTimothy Erickson: Timothy Erickson has received research support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\nEyal Muscal: Eyal Muscal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sobi. An immediate family member of Eyal Muscal has stock in pfizer.\nKristy Murray: Kristy Murray has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Valneva. The institution of Kristy Murray has received research support from NIH. The institution of Kristy Murray has received research support from CDC. Kristy Murray has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Assoc Scientific Program Chair with American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.\nManikum Moodley, MD, FAAN: Dr. Moodley has nothing to disclose.\nDuriel I. Hardy, MD: Dr. Hardy has nothing to disclose.\nClaude Steriade, MD: The institution of Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for The Epilepsy Study Consortium. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Dynamed. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for DOJ. The institution of Dr. Steriade has received research support from NIH. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant with Epitel. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant with Jazz Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Speakers Bureau with SK Life Sciences. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speakers Bureau with Neurelis. Dr. Steriade has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Advisory Board with Xenon Pharmaceuticals.\nGrace Gombolay, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from CDC. The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from NIH. Dr. Gombolay has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee with National MS Society -Georgia chapter that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Rituximab treatment in pNMDARE improves recovery trajectory, although benefits may be modulated by other treatment effects. Prospective large-scale studies are needed to validate findings and examine effects of individual immunotherapies, timing of treatments, and relapse rates.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22376",
          "title": "C14 - Autoimmune Encephalitis: Pathophysiology to Treatment",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22376",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN, Avi Gadoth, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the immunologic mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying autoimmune encephalitis; recognize the clinical syndromes, diagnostic criteria, and key laboratory and imaging findings associated with autoimmune encephalitis; and apply current evidence-based approaches to the acute and long-term management of autoimmune encephalitis.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Advanced",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65228",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65228",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65229",
      "source_id": "65229",
      "abstract_number": "1-054",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-054",
      "title": "Novel Septin Autoantibodies in Paraneoplastic Neurological Diseases",
      "authors": "Friederike A. Arlt, MD; Yong Guo; Michael Gilligan, MBBS; Surendra Dasari; Reghann LaFrance-Corey; Connie Lesnick; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Ramona Miske; Madeleine Scharf, PhD; Elias T. Spiliotis, PhD; Andrew McKeon, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Friederike A. Arlt, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Friederike A. Arlt, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Friederike A. Arlt",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arlt has received research support from Kompetenznetzwerk Peripherer Nerv (KKPNS)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yong Guo",
          "normalized_name": "Yong Guo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Yong Guo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Gilligan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Gilligan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gilligan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "normalized_name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Reghann LaFrance-Corey",
          "normalized_name": "Reghann LaFrance-Corey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss LaFrance-Corey has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Connie Lesnick",
          "normalized_name": "Connie Lesnick",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Connie Lesnick has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John R. Mills",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ramona Miske",
          "normalized_name": "Ramona Miske",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ramona Miske has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Euroimmun. Ramona Miske has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Madeleine Scharf, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Madeleine Scharf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Scharf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Euroimmun AG."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elias T. Spiliotis, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Elias T. Spiliotis",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Spiliotis has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Friederike A. Arlt",
        "Yong Guo",
        "Michael Gilligan",
        "Surendra Dasari",
        "Reghann LaFrance-Corey",
        "Connie Lesnick",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "John R. Mills",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Ramona Miske",
        "Madeleine Scharf",
        "Elias T. Spiliotis",
        "Andrew McKeon"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Friederike A. Arlt, MD; Yong Guo; Michael Gilligan, MBBS; Surendra Dasari; Reghann LaFrance-Corey; Connie Lesnick; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Ramona Miske; Madeleine Scharf, PhD; Elias T. Spiliotis, PhD; Andrew McKeon, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To identify novel septin-directed IgGs among previously unclassified neural autoantibodies (UNAs).",
        "Background": "Septins are a family of 13 different proteins involved in various cellular processes including cytoskeletal organization and vesicle trafficking. We have previously reported septin-5- and -7-IgGs in patients with neurological autoimmunity; paraneoplastic causation occurs infrequently (<20%). We report additional septin autoimmune targets identified in our UNA discovery pipeline.",
        "Design/Methods": "UNAs (538) were identified by TIIFA during routine testing from 03/2023 to 02/2025. Sixteen showed septin-5/-7-IgG-like staining patterns - characterized by synaptic cerebellar molecular layer predominance, and stronger thalamic than hippocampal or cortical signal - but were negative on corresponding cell-based assays (CBAs). All samples were screened for septin IgGs using protein microarrays and PhIP-Seq. Septin antigen specificity was confirmed with septin-specific CBAs and confocal TIIFA colocalization studies. Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed, tumor specimens assessed for septin expression, and live-cell binding tested in primary neuronal cultures.",
        "Results": "Six sera demonstrated reactivity to septin-3, septin-4, septin-6, or septin-9. Septin-3-IgG was detected in a cerebellar ataxia patient (consistent with prior report); our patient had spindle cell sarcoma. Septin-4-IgG was identified in 2 patients with cancer (thymoma and vulva squamous cell carcinoma) and brainstem syndromes, one responding to immunotherapy. Septin-4 expression was detected in the available thymoma tissue. Septin-6-IgG was detected in paraneoplastic encephalopathy with lung cancer. Septin-9-IgG was detected in 2 cases: 1 with coexisting septin-7-IgG and pancreatic adenocarcinoma-associated encephalopathy, and 1 with septin-9-IgG and immune checkpoint-inhibitor-related myeloradiculoplexopathy with squamous cell lung carcinoma. CSF was available only for the septin-3-IgG patient and showed strong positive binding to live rodent hippocampal neurons. Serum IgG showed no binding in any of the six patients.",
        "Conclusions": "Septin autoimmunity is diverse, with specific septin reactivity relating to distinct clinical phenotypes. All patients in this cohort had associated malignancies, supporting the necessity for tumor screening.",
        "Disclosures": "Friederike A. Arlt, MD: Dr. Arlt has received research support from Kompetenznetzwerk Peripherer Nerv (KKPNS).\nYong Guo: Yong Guo has nothing to disclose.\nMichael Gilligan, MBBS: Dr. Gilligan has nothing to disclose.\nSurendra Dasari: Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose.\nReghann LaFrance-Corey: Miss LaFrance-Corey has nothing to disclose.\nConnie Lesnick: Connie Lesnick has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJohn R. Mills, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nRamona Miske: Ramona Miske has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Euroimmun. Ramona Miske has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nMadeleine Scharf, PhD: Dr. Scharf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Euroimmun AG.\nElias T. Spiliotis, PhD: The institution of Dr. Spiliotis has received research support from NIH.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Septin autoimmunity is diverse, with specific septin reactivity relating to distinct clinical phenotypes. All patients in this cohort had associated malignancies, supporting the necessity for tumor screening.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22382",
          "title": "C19 - Focus on Emerging Diagnostics",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22382",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Adrian Budhram, MD, Alessandro Dinoto, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to explain current and emerging methods for neural antibody discovery in autoimmune neurology; apply best practices for the interpretation of neural antibody testing and avoidance of diagnostic pitfalls; and assess the clinical utility of neural injury biomarkers in patients with autoimmune neurological disorders.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice, Quality Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65229",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65229",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 297
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65230",
      "source_id": "65230",
      "abstract_number": "1-055",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-055",
      "title": "Engineered LRR-Fc-fusion Constructs Neutralize Anti-LGI1 Antibody-mediated Increases in Neuronal Excitability",
      "authors": "Dianne C. Gnann",
      "presenting_author": "Dianne C. Gnann",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Dianne C. Gnann",
          "normalized_name": "Dianne C. Gnann",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Miss Gnann has received research support from German Research Foundation (DFG). Miss Gnann has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Dianne C. Gnann"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Dianne C. Gnann",
        "Objective": "This study aims to develop Fc-fusion proteins (“Baitbodies”) to neutralize pathogenic anti-LGI1 autoantibodies as a treatment approach for autoimmune encephalitis.",
        "Background": "LGI1 is the second-most-common neuronal target involved in autoimmune encephalitis. Anti-LGI1 autoantibodies cause increases in neuronal excitability, manifesting as seizures and cognitive dysfunction. Since the effects of immunosuppressive therapies (e.g., Rituximab) can be delayed due to pathogenic antibodies remaining in circulation, strategies for rapid, specific neutralization of these autoantibodies are needed to improve treatment timelines.",
        "Design/Methods": "Soluble, bivalent constructs were engineered by fusing the LRR domain of LGI1 to the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain of immunoglobulin G. The LRR-Fc-fusion constructs were validated in ELISA with anti-LRR antibodies derived from anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients. Neutralization capabilities of the LRR-Fc-fusion constructs were evaluated in immunofluorescence and electrophysiological assays with cultured rat hippocampal neurons.",
        "Results": "While patient-derived anti-LRR antibodies bound the native LRR-Fc-fusion in ELISA, the effects of the same antibodies were not neutralized by the construct in neuron-based immunofluorescence inhibition tests. The immunofluorescence assays also revealed binding of the LRR-Fc-fusion to the neurons, both independent of and colocalized with anti-LRR autoantibodies. As a strategy to prevent this interaction, the amino acids of the LRR domain involved in LGI1-LGI1 dimerization were mutated, resulting in new LRR-Fc-fusion variants. Although most amino acid substitutions decreased autoantibody binding, two LRR-Fc-fusion variants showed increased binding signals in ELISA for different patient-derived autoantibodies. These two variants showed neutralization capabilities in neuron-based immunofluorescence assays but were still localized at the neurons. However, this neuronal binding showed no pathological effects in electrophysiological analysis. The two engineered LRR-Fc-fusion variants effectively neutralized the increased neuronal excitability caused by patient-derived antibodies.",
        "Conclusions": "The engineered LRR-Fc constructs showed increased autoantibody binding. The effective neutralization of anti-LRR autoantibodies pathology showcases the potential of designed Fc-fusions as a treatment strategy for autoimmune disorders.",
        "Disclosures": "Dianne C. Gnann: The institution of Miss Gnann has received research support from German Research Foundation (DFG). Miss Gnann has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The engineered LRR-Fc constructs showed increased autoantibody binding. The effective neutralization of anti-LRR autoantibodies pathology showcases the potential of designed Fc-fusions as a treatment strategy for autoimmune disorders.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65230",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65230",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 294
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65231",
      "source_id": "65231",
      "abstract_number": "1-056",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-056",
      "title": "Characterization of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Risk Mitigation Practices Across Eculizumab and Ravulizumab Adult, Phase III Clinical Trials for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, Generalized Myasthenia Gravis, and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder",
      "authors": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD; Shirali Pandya, PhD; Rasha Aguzzi; Jeannette Stankowski, PhD; Sami Fam; Arshad Mujeebuddin, MBBS; Lokesh Jha, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Akpoji has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Akpoji has or had stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shirali Pandya, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shirali Pandya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Pandya has stock in Sanofi. Dr. Pandya has stock in Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rasha Aguzzi",
          "normalized_name": "Rasha Aguzzi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Rasha Aguzzi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceutical. Rasha Aguzzi has or had stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeannette Stankowski, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jeannette Stankowski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stankowski has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sami Fam",
          "normalized_name": "Sami Fam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Sami Fam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Sami Fam has or had stock in Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Arshad Mujeebuddin, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Arshad Mujeebuddin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mujeebuddin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Mujeebuddin has stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lokesh Jha, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lokesh Jha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jha has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jha has or had stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD",
        "Shirali Pandya",
        "Rasha Aguzzi",
        "Jeannette Stankowski",
        "Sami Fam",
        "Arshad Mujeebuddin",
        "Lokesh Jha"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Alexion"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Alexion"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD; Shirali Pandya, PhD; Rasha Aguzzi; Jeannette Stankowski, PhD; Sami Fam; Arshad Mujeebuddin, MBBS; Lokesh Jha, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease\nAlexion Pharmaceuticals\nAlexion",
        "Objective": "To describe the antibiotic prophylaxis (AB-PPx) durations of exposure and classes by indication in Alexion C5 inhibitor therapies (ALXN-C5ITs) adult pivotal studies.",
        "Background": "ALXN-C5ITs, eculizumab and ravulizumab, are indicated for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). As with inherited complement deficiencies, ALXN-C5ITs carry risk for Neisseria meningitidis infection and AB-PPx is advised in patients not up to date with vaccinations. Data gaps exist, however, in AB-PPx drug selection and duration for ALXN-C5IT patients.",
        "Design/Methods": "ALXN-C5IT-exposed patients during PNH, aHUS, gMG, or NMOSD adult trials who received at least 1 dose of AB-PPx against meningococcal infection were included. AB-PPx patterns were stratified by geography and indication for ALXN-C5IT-exposed patients. Demographics, frequencies of AB-PPx durations, and classes utilized were calculated with descriptive statistics.",
        "Results": "The 946 patients enrolled were primarily White (58.7%), female (59%), and on ALXN-C5IT for a mean of 2.81±1.52 years (y). Overall, 38.3% (362/946) received AB-PPx, notably in Europe (64.9%, 235/362), Asia-Pacific (59/362, 16.3%), and the U.S. (32/362, 8.8%). AB-PPx was most utilized in PNH (210/362, 58%), then aHUS (122/362, 33.7%), NMOSD (18/362, 5%), and gMG (12/362, 3.3%). Among U.S. patients, 65.6% (21/32) received AB-PPx ≤30 days, whereas 53% (175/330) of ex-U.S. patients received AB-PPx >1y. Among the AB-PPx classes investigated, penicillins were most used (U.S.: 43.8%; ex-U.S.: 66.4%).",
        "Conclusions": "AB-PPx durations varied at ALXN-C5IT initiation, with the majority of patients receiving either 1-30 days (U.S.) or >1y (ex-U.S.). Penicillin-class AB-PPx was most utilized, regardless of geography, consistent with inherited-complement-deficiency recommendations.",
        "Disclosures": "Ukwen Akpoji, PharmD: Dr. Akpoji has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Akpoji has or had stock in Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease.\nShirali Pandya, PhD: Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Pandya has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Pandya has stock in Sanofi. Dr. Pandya has stock in Alexion, Astra Zeneca Rare Disease.\nRasha Aguzzi: Rasha Aguzzi has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceutical. Rasha Aguzzi has or had stock in AstraZeneca.\nJeannette Stankowski, PhD: Dr. Stankowski has nothing to disclose.\nSami Fam: Sami Fam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Sami Fam has or had stock in Astra Zeneca.\nArshad Mujeebuddin, MBBS: Dr. Mujeebuddin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Mujeebuddin has stock in AstraZeneca.\nLokesh Jha, MD: Dr. Jha has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Jha has or had stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "AB-PPx durations varied at ALXN-C5IT initiation, with the majority of patients receiving either 1-30 days (U.S.) or >1y (ex-U.S.). Penicillin-class AB-PPx was most utilized, regardless of geography, consistent with inherited-complement-deficiency recommendations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65231",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65231",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 281
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65232",
      "source_id": "65232",
      "abstract_number": "1-057",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-057",
      "title": "Autoimmune Brainstem Encephalitis and Its Mimics: Clinical Features, Outcomes, and Diagnostic Criteria Performance",
      "authors": "Maria Chiara Pantuliano; Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD; Emma J. Orozco, MD; Samantha Banks, MD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; Michael Gilligan, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Maria Chiara Pantuliano",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maria Chiara Pantuliano",
          "normalized_name": "Maria Chiara Pantuliano",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pantuliano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Health System",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thakolwiboon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emma J. Orozco, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Emma J. Orozco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Orozco has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samantha Banks, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Samantha Banks",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Banks has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Gilligan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Gilligan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gilligan has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maria Chiara Pantuliano",
        "Smathorn Thakolwiboon",
        "Emma J. Orozco",
        "Samantha Banks",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Michael Gilligan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic Health System",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic Health System",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maria Chiara Pantuliano; Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD; Emma J. Orozco, MD; Samantha Banks, MD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; Michael Gilligan, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic Health System\nMayo Clinic\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To compare clinical features of autoimmune brainstem encephalitis (BE) with brainstem disorders of alternative etiology.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune BE is an immune-mediated brainstem disorder associated with neural antibodies. Distinct clinical features have been described, and diagnostic criteria proposed, but their performance in clinical practice remains uncertain.",
        "Design/Methods": "Medical records of patients with suspected BE at our institution between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2024, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with brainstem-predominant CNS disorder and an attributed final diagnosis were included. Patients were classified as definite autoimmune (neural antibody positive), seronegative autoimmune BE (clinical diagnosis), other inflammatory disorders or non-autoimmune. Diagnostic criteria (Gilligan et al., 2024) were applied to autoimmune BE cohorts to assess performance.",
        "Results": "Of 756 patients screened, 214 (28%) met inclusion criteria: 102 (48%) definite autoimmune BE, 43 (20%) probable antibody-negative autoimmune BE, 23 (11%) other inflammatory disorders, and 46 non-autoimmune etiologies (15 infectious [7%], 7 vascular [3%], and 24 neoplastic disorders [11%]). Altered mental status was less frequent in definite autoimmune BE than non-autoimmune group (13% vs 52%, p<0.001). Diplopia, vestibulocochlear involvement, and coexisting ataxia were more common in definite autoimmune BE than in non-autoimmune brainstem disorders (84% vs 50%; 69% vs 35%; 82% vs 57%, respectively; all p<0.001). MRI brainstem and cerebellar abnormalities were more common in non-autoimmune disorders (78% and 67%, respectively) than definite autoimmune BE (33% and 17%, respectively; all p<0.001). Inflammatory CSF abnormalities ( ≥ 1 pleocytosis, elevated IgG index or CSF-exclusive OCBs) did not differ significantly between groups (78% definite, 79% probable, 73% other inflammatory, 57% non-autoimmune; p=0.070). Diagnostic criteria for probable antibody-negative autoimmune BE had 42% sensitivity and 100% specificity.",
        "Conclusions": "Autoimmune BE has distinct clinical features but fewer MRI abnormalities than non-autoimmune mimics. In this context, antibody testing becomes critical for diagnosis. Low sensitivity of current criteria highlights the need for BE-specific diagnostic biomarkers.",
        "Disclosures": "Maria Chiara Pantuliano: Dr. Pantuliano has nothing to disclose.\nSmathorn Thakolwiboon, MD: Dr. Thakolwiboon has nothing to disclose.\nEmma J. Orozco, MD: Dr. Orozco has nothing to disclose.\nSamantha Banks, MD: Dr. Banks has nothing to disclose.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMichael Gilligan, MBBS: Dr. Gilligan has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Autoimmune BE has distinct clinical features but fewer MRI abnormalities than non-autoimmune mimics. In this context, antibody testing becomes critical for diagnosis. Low sensitivity of current criteria highlights the need for BE-specific diagnostic biomarkers.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65232",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65232",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65233",
      "source_id": "65233",
      "abstract_number": "1-058",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-058",
      "title": "Phenotypical Stiff-Person Syndrome Associated with the Unclassified Synaptic Antibody SNAP-91-IgG: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Marta Paratsii, MD; Omar Hage-Hassan, DO; Philip M. Ross, DO; Andrew McKeon, MD; Morgan Aguirre, DO; Wazim Mohamed, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Marta Paratsii, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Marta Paratsii, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marta Paratsii",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paratsii has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Omar Hage-Hassan, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Omar Hage-Hassan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hage-Hassan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Philip M. Ross, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Philip M. Ross",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Wayne State University Physicians Group, Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ross has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Staff Physician/Direct Patient Care with Veteran's Health Administration at the John D. Dingell VA Medical Center ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Morgan Aguirre, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Morgan Aguirre",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aguirre has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Wazim Mohamed, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Wazim Mohamed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mohamed has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Marta Paratsii",
        "Omar Hage-Hassan",
        "Philip M. Ross",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Morgan Aguirre",
        "Wazim Mohamed"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Wayne State University Physicians Group, Department of Neurology",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Wayne State University Physicians Group, Department of Neurology",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Marta Paratsii, MD; Omar Hage-Hassan, DO; Philip M. Ross, DO; Andrew McKeon, MD; Morgan Aguirre, DO; Wazim Mohamed, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Wayne State University Physicians Group, Department of Neurology\nMayo Clinic\nDetroit Medical Center/Wayne State University",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of progressive spasms and rigidity with negative standard markers for stiff-person syndrome and positive SNAP-91-IgG unclassified synaptic antibody, highlighting a potential new autoimmune marker for immune-mediated rigidity disorder.",
        "Background": "Stiff-person syndrome is a rare neurologic disorder characterized by progressive painful spasms and rigidity. Workup typically includes serum GAD65, glycine receptor, or amphiphysin antibodies (often paraneoplastic) and characteristic EMG findings.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A previously independent 34-year-old female presented with progressive back and bilateral lower extremity spasms and rigidity starting November 2024, with near-complete quadriparesis by December 2025, raising concern for stiff-person syndrome. Initial MRI brain and spine were unrevealing. Diagnostic workup included mildly elevated serum GAD65 antibody, a weakly positive amphiphysin antibody, and negative CSF studies. Symptomatic treatment and IVIG were initiated, but she was lost to follow-up. At the end of 2025, she presented quadriparetic with concerns for respiratory failure. Repeated imaging and electrographic studies were negative for continuous motor activity. She failed IVIG and rituximab and became ventilator-dependent due to diaphragmatic involvement. Repeat serum and CSF workup was performed; CSF immunohistochemistry identified an unclassified neural antibody (UNA), SNAP-91-IgG (SNAP91). SNAP91 demonstrated a nearly identical immunofluorescent staining pattern on murine brain tissue to amphiphysin antibody, most commonly seen in stiff-person syndrome. The presence of SNAP91 suggests an alternative active autoimmune process. Due to her previous intolerance of IVIG and failure of rituximab, the patient subsequently underwent empirical treatment with plasmapheresis in addition to targeted symptomatic management with antispasmodics and botulinum injections, with mild subjective improvement in frequency of spasms.",
        "Conclusions": "Only three known cases have tested positive for this unclassified antibody. This case of progressive spasticity and rigidity with positive SNAP-91-IgG could help identify a new autoimmune marker for rigidity disorders or better differentiate overlapping immune-mediated neuromuscular disorders.",
        "Disclosures": "Marta Paratsii, MD: Dr. Paratsii has nothing to disclose.\nOmar Hage-Hassan, DO: Dr. Hage-Hassan has nothing to disclose.\nPhilip M. Ross, DO: Dr. Ross has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Staff Physician/Direct Patient Care with Veteran's Health Administration at the John D. Dingell VA Medical Center .\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMorgan Aguirre, DO: Dr. Aguirre has nothing to disclose.\nWazim Mohamed, MD: Dr. Mohamed has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Only three known cases have tested positive for this unclassified antibody. This case of progressive spasticity and rigidity with positive SNAP-91-IgG could help identify a new autoimmune marker for rigidity disorders or better differentiate overlapping immune-mediated neuromuscular disorders.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65233",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65233",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 289
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65234",
      "source_id": "65234",
      "abstract_number": "1-059",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-059",
      "title": "Severe Seropositive Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis Following Campylobacter Infection with Possible Recurrent Anti-GQ1b Spectrum Disease",
      "authors": "Gregory B. Pierpoint; Jean-Philippe A. Daniel, MD; Keti Gvazava, MD; Maryam Kia, MD; Natalia Starikova, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Gregory B. Pierpoint",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Gregory B. Pierpoint",
          "normalized_name": "Gregory B. Pierpoint",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Pierpoint has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jean-Philippe A. Daniel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jean-Philippe A. Daniel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Daniel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Keti Gvazava, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Keti Gvazava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gvazava has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maryam Kia, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maryam Kia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kia has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Natalia Starikova, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Natalia Starikova",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Starikova has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Gregory B. Pierpoint",
        "Jean-Philippe A. Daniel",
        "Keti Gvazava",
        "Maryam Kia",
        "Natalia Starikova"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Gregory B. Pierpoint; Jean-Philippe A. Daniel, MD; Keti Gvazava, MD; Maryam Kia, MD; Natalia Starikova, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe a severe Campylobacter-associated, anti-GQ1b-positive Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) case with respiratory failure, incomplete response to IVIg/corticosteroids, improvement after plasma exchange, and concern for possible recurrence.",
        "Background": "BBE is a rare anti-GQ1b spectrum disorder characterized by ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and encephalopathy. Early cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging studies may be unrevealing despite rapid neurologic deterioration.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective case report.",
        "Results": "A previously healthy 27-year-old Japanese man presented with acute ataxia, dysmetria, and bilateral hand paresthesias following a febrile diarrheal illness. Initial CT head and cerebrospinal fluid were non-inflammatory (WBC 1, protein 30 mg/dL), and early MRI was nonlocalizing. Within 72 hours, he developed profound encephalopathy, generalized areflexia, bulbar dysfunction, and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. EEG evolved from normal to diffuse slowing. MRI brain and spine remained negative for acute lesions or nerve root enhancement, though cerebellar-predominant atrophy was noted. Stool testing confirmed Campylobacter infection. Collateral history revealed a similar severe childhood episode in Japan requiring intubation, reportedly termed cerebellitis/encephalitis, with complete recovery. He received high-dose corticosteroids and IVIg for 5 days but had persistent bulbar/neuromuscular impairment and failed initial extubation. Plasma exchange was initiated with subsequent neurologic improvement, including improved command following, symmetric limb strength ≥4+/5, and successful extubation. Serum anti-GQ1b IgG returned strongly positive (1:3200), confirming BBE. Residual ophthalmoplegia and areflexia persisted at discharge.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights severe seropositive BBE with initially bland CSF and nonlocalizing neuroimaging, reinforcing that normal early studies do not exclude fulminant anti-GQ1b spectrum disease. Improvement after plasma exchange following incomplete response to IVIg/corticosteroids supports considering escalation in severe presentations. A remote similar episode and cerebellar atrophy raise concern for possible recurrent anti-GQ1b spectrum disease, though the relationship between episodes remains uncertain.",
        "Disclosures": "Gregory B. Pierpoint: Mr. Pierpoint has nothing to disclose.\nJean-Philippe A. Daniel, MD: Dr. Daniel has nothing to disclose.\nKeti Gvazava, MD: Dr. Gvazava has nothing to disclose.\nMaryam Kia, MD: Dr. Kia has nothing to disclose.\nNatalia Starikova, MD: Dr. Starikova has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights severe seropositive BBE with initially bland CSF and nonlocalizing neuroimaging, reinforcing that normal early studies do not exclude fulminant anti-GQ1b spectrum disease. Improvement after plasma exchange following incomplete response to IVIg/corticosteroids supports considering escalation in severe presentations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65234",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65234",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 281
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65235",
      "source_id": "65235",
      "abstract_number": "1-072",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-072",
      "title": "Serum Is Not Enough: CSF-confirmed GAD65 Cerebellar Ataxia in Type 1 Diabetes with Normal MRI and Rapid Steroid Response",
      "authors": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD; Juana I. Cueva Rosillo, MD; Harneel S. Saini, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alvaro A. Soto",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Larkin Community Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Soto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Juana I. Cueva Rosillo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Juana I. Cueva Rosillo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cueva Rosillo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Harneel S. Saini, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Harneel S. Saini",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Allegheny General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saini has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alvaro A. Soto",
        "Juana I. Cueva Rosillo",
        "Harneel S. Saini"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Larkin Community Hospital",
        "Allegheny General Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Larkin Community Hospital",
        "Allegheny General Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD; Juana I. Cueva Rosillo, MD; Harneel S. Saini, DO",
        "Affiliations": "Larkin Community Hospital\nAllegheny General Hospital",
        "Objective": "Describe the importance of CSF GAD65 antibody evaluation in patients with subacute cerebellar ataxia in the setting of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).",
        "Background": "Serum GAD 65 can be present in up to 80% of patients with T1DM. GAD 65 autoantibodies are also associated with several neurologic syndromes like stiff person syndrome, cerebellar ataxia, epilepsy, and limbic encephalitis. Therefore, patients with progressive ataxia should be evaluated for autoimmune causes, including GAD 65 autoantibodies. To confirm diagnosis, demonstration of intrathecal GAD antibody synthesis is recommended, as serum positivity alone may reflect underlying T1DM.",
        "Design/Methods": "61-year-old female with T1DM presented with subacute progressive gait instability dysarthria, and headache that worsened in the last weeks. She required assistance to ambulate, and exhibited bilateral dysmetria, worse on the left, diminished vibration sense in lower extremities with preserved strength and a 7-year history of left gaze diplopia that acutely worsened to all gazes. Initial workup including CT brain and spine, serum autoimmune panel, and brain MRI with cerebellar protocol were unremarkable. Given high suspicion for autoimmune cerebellar ataxia, IV methylprednisolone was started. A second LP on day three of pulse steroids showed positive CSF GAD65 antibody, elevated gamma globulin, and monoclonal IgG with lambda light chain on immunofixation, confirming intrathecal antibody synthesis. Malignancy screening was negative. On day 4 of steroid therapy, marked improvement was noted with resolution of dysmetria, improved speech, gait, and diplopia limited to lateral gaze only. She was discharged on an oral prednisone taper with outpatient follow-up.",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the importance of GAD 65 autoantibodies evaluation in CSF in progressive cerebellar ataxia as normal brain MRI does not exclude it. In patients with T1DM CSF testing is recommended since serum GAD65 positivity may show diabetes alone. Prompt immunotherapy treatment is recommended to preserve cerebellar function as 35-51% improve with treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD: Dr. Soto has nothing to disclose.\nJuana I. Cueva Rosillo, MD: Dr. Cueva Rosillo has nothing to disclose.\nHarneel S. Saini, DO: Dr. Saini has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the importance of GAD 65 autoantibodies evaluation in CSF in progressive cerebellar ataxia as normal brain MRI does not exclude it. In patients with T1DM CSF testing is recommended since serum GAD65 positivity may show diabetes alone. Prompt immunotherapy treatment is recommended to preserve cerebellar function as 35-51% improve with treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65235",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65235",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65236",
      "source_id": "65236",
      "abstract_number": "1-061",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-061",
      "title": "Living with Sjögren’s: Occurrence and Impact of Neurological Manifestations",
      "authors": "Matt Makara; Lane Destro, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Matt Makara",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Matt Makara",
          "normalized_name": "Matt Makara",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Sjögren's Foundation",
          "disclosure": "Matt Makara has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Sjogren's Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lane Destro, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lane Destro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Destro has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Matt Makara",
        "Lane Destro"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Sjögren's Foundation"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Sjögren's Foundation"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Matt Makara; Lane Destro, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Sjögren's Foundation",
        "Objective": "To examine the occurrence of neurological manifestations and impact on quality of life (QoL) among U.S.-based adults with Sjögren’s disease (SjD).",
        "Background": "SjD is a serious and systemic autoimmune disease affecting the entire body, including the nervous system.",
        "Design/Methods": "An online survey was administered August-September 2025 to U.S.-based SjD patients aged ≥18 years. The survey was IRB-reviewed and determined exempt under 45 CFR § 46.104(d)(2).",
        "Results": "Of all respondents (N=6,360), 71% reported having been diagnosed with ≥1 nervous system related condition. The most common was neuropathy (46%), followed by migraine (38%); 59% percent of men (n=239) reported a diagnosis of neuropathy. A majority reported experiencing the following symptoms at least once during the 12 months prior; brain fog (77%), neuropathy (61%), feeling faint or dizzy (56%), headache (56%), and muscle weakness (54%). A majority reported daily or weekly occurrence of these symptoms (range: 64-85%) and a major or moderate impact of the symptom on their life (range: 54%-78%). A larger proportion of men reported a major or moderate impact due to symptoms of neuropathy (71% versus 63% of women), whereas 78% of women reported a major or moderate impact of brain fog, compared to 69% of men. Most of the sample reported at least one neurological condition or symptom (n=6072); these respondents were more likely to report SjD negatively affected their participation in social activities, in hobbies or extracurricular activities, activities of daily living, job/career or ability to work, and ability to exercise (OR range: 4.77-8.00) compared to respondents who did not report any neurological condition or symptom (n=288). Respondents with neurological manifestations were more likely to state that SjD adds an emotional burden to their life (OR 3.78).",
        "Conclusions": "Neurological manifestations frequently occur in SjD patients and have a major impact on QoL when compared to patients not reporting neurological conditions or symptoms.",
        "Disclosures": "Matt Makara: Matt Makara has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Sjogren's Foundation.\nLane Destro, PhD: Dr. Destro has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Neurological manifestations frequently occur in SjD patients and have a major impact on QoL when compared to patients not reporting neurological conditions or symptoms.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65236",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65236",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 317
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65237",
      "source_id": "65237",
      "abstract_number": "1-062",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-062",
      "title": "Association Between Neurofilament Light Chain Levels and Neuropsychiatric Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis",
      "authors": "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra, MBBS; Bandar I. Al Assaf, MD; Sulaf Al-Shibly, MD; Mayar N. Sinjilawi, Sr., MD; Sara A. Elayan, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Abu-Tabra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bandar I. Al Assaf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bandar I. Al Assaf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Al Assaf has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sulaf Al-Shibly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sulaf Al-Shibly",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Al-Shibly has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayar N. Sinjilawi, Sr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mayar N. Sinjilawi, Sr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Sinjilawi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara A. Elayan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara A. Elayan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Elayan has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra",
        "Bandar I. Al Assaf",
        "Sulaf Al-Shibly",
        "Mayar N. Sinjilawi, Sr",
        "Sara A. Elayan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra, MBBS; Bandar I. Al Assaf, MD; Sulaf Al-Shibly, MD; Mayar N. Sinjilawi, Sr., MD; Sara A. Elayan, MD",
        "Objective": "To systematically evaluate and quantify the association between neurofilament light chain levels and neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus",
        "Background": "NPSLE is a diagnostically challenging manifestation of SLE, with prevalence widely ranging from 12% to 95%, highlighting the importance of a reliable biomarker for its diagnosis. NfL, measurable in serum and CSF, has shown promising but inconsistent results across individual studies, warranting a systematic review and meta-analysis",
        "Design/Methods": "We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science up to May 2026 for observational studies on neurofilament light chain (NfL) in SLE and neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). Data were independently extracted, and study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4, pooling standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed-effects models for serum analyses and random-effects models where appropriate; heterogeneity was assessed using I² with sensitivity analyses",
        "Results": "Five studies published between 2021 and 2025 were included in this systematic review, four of which were eligible for statistical pooling. For serum NfL, a meta-analysis of three studies (163 NPSLE vs. 117 non-NPSLE patients) demonstrated significantly higher levels in NPSLE patients (SMD = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.09-0.59, p = 0.007, I² = 14%). For CSF NfL, a meta-analysis of two studies (40 NPSLE vs. 40 non-NPSLE patients) showed no statistically significant difference (SMD = 2.62, 95% CI: -1.22-6.45, p = 0.18), with high heterogeneity between studies (I² = 97%)",
        "Conclusions": "Serum NfL levels were significantly elevated in NPSLE patients compared to non-NPSLE patients, supporting its potential as a promising non-invasive biomarker for neuropsychiatric involvement in SLE. CSF NfL findings were inconclusive, largely driven by high heterogeneity. These findings highlight the need for larger standardized prospective studies to further establish the clinical utility of NfL as a diagnostic and monitoring biomarker in NPSLE",
        "Disclosures": "Mohammed T. Abu-Tabra, MBBS: Mr. Abu-Tabra has nothing to disclose.\nBandar I. Al Assaf, MD: Dr. Al Assaf has nothing to disclose.\nSulaf Al-Shibly, MD: Dr. Al-Shibly has nothing to disclose.\nMayar N. Sinjilawi, Sr., MD: Miss Sinjilawi has nothing to disclose.\nSara A. Elayan, MD: Ms. Elayan has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Serum NfL levels were significantly elevated in NPSLE patients compared to non-NPSLE patients, supporting its potential as a promising non-invasive biomarker for neuropsychiatric involvement in SLE. CSF NfL findings were inconclusive, largely driven by high heterogeneity.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65237",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65237",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65238",
      "source_id": "65238",
      "abstract_number": "1-063",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-063",
      "title": "Diagnosis and Management of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome with a Systemic Rheumatological Disorder: A Case and Updated Review of the Literature",
      "authors": "Freya S. Kanakhara; Michael Nahhas, MD; Robert W. Regenhardt, MD, PhD; Sunil Sheth, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Freya S. Kanakhara",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Freya S. Kanakhara",
          "normalized_name": "Freya S. Kanakhara",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UT Houston",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Kanakhara has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Nahhas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Nahhas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UTHealth Neurosciences Houston - Texas Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nahhas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Robert W. Regenhardt, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Robert W. Regenhardt",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genomadix. Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Rapid Medical. Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Johnson and Bell Trial Lawyers. Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Buckley, Theroux, Kline, & Cooley Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Regenhardt has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Regenhardt has received research support from Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology. The institution of Dr. Regenhardt has received research support from Heitman Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sunil Sheth, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sunil Sheth",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas At Houston",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sheth has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Penumbra. Dr. Sheth has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cerenovus. Dr. Sheth has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Imperative Care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Freya S. Kanakhara",
        "Michael Nahhas",
        "Robert W. Regenhardt",
        "Sunil Sheth"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UT Houston",
        "UTHealth Neurosciences Houston - Texas Medical Center",
        "University of Texas At Houston"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UT Houston",
        "UTHealth Neurosciences Houston - Texas Medical Center",
        "University of Texas At Houston"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Freya S. Kanakhara; Michael Nahhas, MD; Robert W. Regenhardt, MD, PhD; Sunil Sheth, MD",
        "Affiliations": "UT Houston\nUTHealth Neurosciences Houston - Texas Medical Center\nUniversity of Texas At Houston",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome(RCVS) mimics primary CNS angiitis. Patients with inflammatory disorders have higher exposure to vasoactive triggers and other factors that can precipitate RCVS, which may lead to more complicated clinical courses.",
        "Design/Methods": "We present a complicated case of RCVS with notable history of a rheumatological disorder. Further, we systematically review the literature for RCVS cases with comorbid rheumatological diagnoses to understand the clinical course, triggers and treatment heterogeneity.",
        "Results": "A 51-year-old female with SLE vs undifferentiated connective tissue disorder on mycophenolate mofetil and hydroxychloroquine, presented with recurrent thunderclap headaches and focal deficits. She also had a history of mechanical aortic valve requiring aspirin and warfarin, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, hypertension, depression on fluoxetine, and chronic pain on cannabidiol. CT head demonstrated SAH. CT angiography showed multifocal distal arterial narrowing. CSF and blood analyses were noninflammatory, but MR black-blood imaging was inconclusive. Despite discontinuation of potential offending agents and treatment with oral nimodipine, she deteriorated. Subsequent digital subtraction angiography confirmed the diffuse distal vasoconstriction. Verapamil 10mg was administered in each ICA resulting in angiographic improvement. She had resolution of weakness and returned to her functional baseline within 2 weeks. Our systematic review identified 15 prior cases, associated with rheumatologic conditions included SLE, APLA, systemic sclerosis and others. RCVS-PACNS overlap syndrome was also mentioned. Presentations included infarcts, PRES, and hemorrhage. Most patients had triggers including steroids(n=9), immunosuppressants and vasoactive agents. Patients often got serial imaging and increasing doses of calcium channel blockers for variable durations, alongside removal of triggers. However, IA vasodilator therapy was used infrequently.",
        "Conclusions": "It is imperative to differentiate RCVS from primary CNS vasculitis. While the mainstay treatment of RCVS is identification of triggers and oral CCBs, we propose that angiography and intra-arterial vasodilators can offer dual diagnostic as well as therapeutic benefits in severe, refractory cases with a neuroimmune overlap.",
        "Disclosures": "Freya S. Kanakhara: Ms. Kanakhara has nothing to disclose.\nMichael Nahhas, MD: Dr. Nahhas has nothing to disclose.\nRobert W. Regenhardt, MD, PhD: Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genomadix. Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Rapid Medical. Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Johnson and Bell Trial Lawyers. Dr. Regenhardt has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Buckley, Theroux, Kline, & Cooley Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Regenhardt has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Regenhardt has received research support from Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology. The institution of Dr. Regenhardt has received research support from Heitman Foundation.\nSunil Sheth, MD: Dr. Sheth has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Penumbra. Dr. Sheth has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cerenovus. Dr. Sheth has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Imperative Care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "It is imperative to differentiate RCVS from primary CNS vasculitis. While the mainstay treatment of RCVS is identification of triggers and oral CCBs, we propose that angiography and intra-arterial vasodilators can offer dual diagnostic as well as therapeutic benefits in severe, refractory cases with a neuroimmune overlap.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65238",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65238",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65239",
      "source_id": "65239",
      "abstract_number": "1-064",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-064",
      "title": "Association Between Autoimmune Disease and Stroke from Cervical Artery Dissection",
      "authors": "Alexis Angelette, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Alexis Angelette, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alexis Angelette, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexis Angelette",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "New York Presbyterian",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Angelette has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alexis Angelette"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "New York Presbyterian"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "New York Presbyterian"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alexis Angelette, MD",
        "Affiliations": "New York Presbyterian",
        "Objective": "We examined the association between autoimmune disease and cervical artery dissection.",
        "Background": "Cervical artery dissection is an important cause of stroke, especially in young adults. It is plausible that autoimmune disease increases the risk of arterial dissection via adverse effects of inflammation on the vessel wall, but this hypothesis has not been clearly tested.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a retrospective case-control study using linked electronic health record and insurance claims data on >11 million patients at 29 healthcare organizations across the U.S. Previously validated ICD-10 diagnosis codes were used to identify adults hospitalized with ischemic stroke from 2016-2024. We used previously validated ICD-10 codes to identify stroke patients with cervical artery dissection (cases) versus those without dissection (controls). A broad set of ICD-10 codes were used to ascertain the exposure of autoimmune disease. We calculated unadjusted odds ratios and then used multiple logistic regression to adjust for demographics.",
        "Results": "We identified 60,876 patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke. Their mean age was 55.2 years, 43% were female, 57% were white, the median NIHSS score was 4 (IQR, 1-11), and two-thirds were discharged home or to a rehabilitation facility. Of these patients, 1,868 had cervical artery dissection (cases) and 59,008 did not (controls). Patients with dissection were slightly younger (55.2 vs 59.9 years) otherwise broadly similar to control patients without dissection. In unadjusted analysis, we found a statistically significant association between autoimmune disease and cervical artery dissection (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01-1.33). After adjustment for age, sex, and race, the association was similar but not statistically significant (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.994-1.31).",
        "Conclusions": "In a large, contemporary national U.S. cohort of patients with stroke, we found an association between autoimmune disease and stroke. These findings warrant further study of autoimmune disease as a potential risk factor for cervical artery dissection in a larger, more adequately powered cohort.",
        "Disclosures": "Alexis Angelette, MD: Dr. Angelette has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In a large, contemporary national U.S. cohort of patients with stroke, we found an association between autoimmune disease and stroke. These findings warrant further study of autoimmune disease as a potential risk factor for cervical artery dissection in a larger, more adequately powered cohort.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65239",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65239",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 314
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65240",
      "source_id": "65240",
      "abstract_number": "1-065",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-065",
      "title": "Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting as an Isolated Intracranial Hypertension Syndrome",
      "authors": "Cassity R. High, MD; Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal, MD; Vishal Mehta, MD; Zain Guduru, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Cassity R. High, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Cassity R. High, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Cassity R. High",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. High has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal, MD has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vishal Mehta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Vishal Mehta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zain Guduru, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Zain Guduru",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Kentucky",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Guduru has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Cassity R. High",
        "Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal",
        "Vishal Mehta",
        "Zain Guduru"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Kentucky"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Kentucky"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Cassity R. High, MD; Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal, MD; Vishal Mehta, MD; Zain Guduru, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Kentucky",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) presenting predominantly as intracranial hypertension (IH) with diffuse leukoencephalopathy, acquired cerebellar tonsillar herniation, and severe bilateral papilledema without systemic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).",
        "Background": "IH occurs in 1-5.4% of SLE patients, typically presenting as idiopathic intracranial hypertension without parenchymal lesions. Diffuse cerebral edema with leukoencephalopathy as a manifestation of SLE is exceedingly rare, with prior reports describing fatal outcomes. NPSLE presenting as the sole manifestation of SLE, without systemic features, poses a significant diagnostic challenge.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 29-year-old woman presented with progressive occipital headaches, visual loss, nausea, and vomiting over 6 months. Initial MRI revealed symmetric, non-enhancing T2/FLAIR hyperintensities in the deep gray and white matter, brainstem, and cerebellar white matter, initially attributed to viral encephalitis. CSF showed mildly elevated protein (51 mg/dL) with negative infectious and paraneoplastic workup. Mild headache improvement was demonstrated with acetazolamide, but the patient self-discontinued, subsequently developing severe bilateral papilledema with progressive visual loss. Repeat MRI demonstrated worsening leukoencephalopathy, diffuse cerebral edema, ventricular effacement, and acquired cerebellar tonsillar herniation precluding repeat lumbar puncture. Serologies revealed ANA >1:2560 (speckled), anti-dsDNA 1:160, positive anti-Smith/RNP, SSA, SSB, and low C3. AQP4 and MOG antibodies were negative. She had no mucocutaneous, renal, or other systemic SLE features. She was treated with pulse-dose IV methylprednisolone, rituximab induction, and right optic nerve sheath fenestration for her vision-threatening papilledema. She demonstrated significant clinical improvement with resolution of headaches, vertigo, and improved mentation.",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights a rare phenotypic presentation in the spectrum of NPSLE by demonstrating manifestations of IH (diffuse leukoencephalopathy with cerebral edema, acquired Chiari malformation, and vision-threatening papilledema) as the isolated presenting manifestation. Clinicians should consider SLE serologies in unexplained leukoencephalopathy with IH, even without systemic features. Aggressive immunosuppression combined with surgical management of papilledema can yield favorable outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Cassity R. High, MD: Dr. High has nothing to disclose.\nRicardo A. Vivanco Menoscal, MD: Ricardo A. Vivanco Menoscal, MD has nothing to disclose.\nVishal Mehta, MD: Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose.\nZain Guduru, MD, FAAN: Dr. Guduru has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights a rare phenotypic presentation in the spectrum of NPSLE by demonstrating manifestations of IH (diffuse leukoencephalopathy with cerebral edema, acquired Chiari malformation, and vision-threatening papilledema) as the isolated presenting manifestation. Clinicians should consider SLE serologies in unexplained leukoencephalopathy with IH, even without systemic features.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65240",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65240",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65241",
      "source_id": "65241",
      "abstract_number": "1-066",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-066",
      "title": "A Case-based, Systematic Review of Bullous Pemphigoid in Patients with Dementia",
      "authors": "Indrani Alagar, MD; Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
      "presenting_author": "Indrani Alagar, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Indrani Alagar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Indrani Alagar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alagar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
          "normalized_name": "Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Alagar has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Indrani Alagar",
        "Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Indrani Alagar, MD; Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
        "Objective": "We aimed to evaluate the impact of dementia on BP diagnosis, treatment, and management.",
        "Background": "The incidence of BP, the most common autoimmune blistering disorder of the skin and mucosa, is rising. Epidemiological evidence has implicated neurological comorbidities, particularly dementia. Recent work has demonstrated a statistically significant association with BP independent of age. However, the clinicopathological characteristics, disease course, and management considerations of BP in this subgroup remain poorly defined. In older adults, BP often follows a chronic, relapsing course and confers functional decline, which cognitive impairment may exacerbate. By minimizing selection biases inherent to hospital-based cohorts, individual-level reports may provide granular insight into unique considerations of real-world, dementia care.",
        "Design/Methods": "We systematically reviewed literature across PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, identifying patients with dementia from case reports and series who developed BP. Outcomes included categories of presentation (medical history, physical examination findings, and time-to-presentation), intervention (diagnostic and treatment strategies), and management (follow-up and complications).",
        "Results": "The 13 patients (mean age 84.3 years; 9 female) spanned several dementia subtypes: Alzheimer’s (n=7), Lewy body (n=1), vascular (n=1), and unspecified (n=4). Median time to BP diagnosis was 35 days. 3 patients had clear neurological medication or vaccine triggers. 10 patients presented with typical cutaneous findings. Biopsy was deferred for comfort in 2 patients. Only 1 patient was initially managed with a steroid-sparing agent. In 2 patients, incomplete response necessitated treatment modification. 2 patients died from unrelated complications after intervention, while one was lost to follow-up.",
        "Conclusions": "Our findings indicate BP may carry diagnostic delays and treatment decision challenges in patients with dementia. Clinicians are already responding, individualizing management for this fragile group. However, as cases continue to increase, guidance to support clinical decision-making is necessary and should motivate future studies exploring potential dementia-BP mechanisms, risk factors, and therapeutic regimens.",
        "Disclosures": "Indrani Alagar, MD: Dr. Alagar has nothing to disclose.\nJayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil: Miss Alagar has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our findings indicate BP may carry diagnostic delays and treatment decision challenges in patients with dementia. Clinicians are already responding, individualizing management for this fragile group. However, as cases continue to increase, guidance to support clinical decision-making is necessary and should motivate future studies exploring potential dementia-BP mechanisms, risk factors, and therapeutic regimens.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65241",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65241",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65242",
      "source_id": "65242",
      "abstract_number": "1-067",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-067",
      "title": "Neurological Comorbidities in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Literature Review",
      "authors": "Indrani Alagar, MD; Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
      "presenting_author": "Indrani Alagar, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Indrani Alagar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Indrani Alagar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alagar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
          "normalized_name": "Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Alagar has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Indrani Alagar",
        "Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Indrani Alagar, MD; Jayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil",
        "Objective": "We sought to investigate the association between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and its neurological comorbidities.",
        "Background": "BP is an uncommon autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by tense bullae and pruritis on physical examination. Afflicting primarily the elderly, BP impairs quality of life and mortality. The BPAG1 gene encodes epithelial and neuronal isoforms of a collagen, COL XVII, that imparts key cytoskeletal functions as a component of the hemidesmosomes scaffolding the epithelial-skin junction. In BP, autoantibodies attack the subepidermal basal membrane, inciting an immune response. Various neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) have been reported to be significantly associated with BP, but it is unclear whether this is due to their common risk factor of aging or if other influences are involved.",
        "Design/Methods": "Several studies highlighting the association between BP and NDs were evaluated. This review analyzed pathophysiology, prevalence, temporal relationships, and other outcomes.",
        "Results": "Pathogenic mechanisms in BP include loss of immunological tolerance and development of cross-reactivity between the epithelial and neuronal isoforms of BP antigens. Other proposed theories of a neuro-dermatomal connection include epitope spreading, immunosenescence, early exposure to autoantigens, and brain parenchymal compromise. NDs typically precede BP development and have been found in at least one-third of BP patients. BP patients with comorbid NDs have reduced functional status compared to BP-only cohorts. Elevated risks of dementia, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease in BP patients have been consistently demonstrated across case-control studies in various countries. Further associations with BP include epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and neuropsychiatric disorders.",
        "Conclusions": "A close tie exists between BP and co-occurring NDs, although more comprehensive evaluations are needed to assess causality and shared biological mechanisms. As the population ages, BP symptoms should be frequently screened for in neurological clinics, stroke floors, and nursing homes. Guidelines such as cognitive screening should also be developed for dermatologists to assess for NDs in BP patients.",
        "Disclosures": "Indrani Alagar, MD: Dr. Alagar has nothing to disclose.\nJayalakshmi Alagar, MPhil: Miss Alagar has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "A close tie exists between BP and co-occurring NDs, although more comprehensive evaluations are needed to assess causality and shared biological mechanisms. As the population ages, BP symptoms should be frequently screened for in neurological clinics, stroke floors, and nursing homes. Guidelines such as cognitive screening should also be developed for dermatologists to assess for NDs in BP patients.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65242",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65242",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65243",
      "source_id": "65243",
      "abstract_number": "1-068",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-068",
      "title": "Beyond the Temporal Artery: Atypical Mesenteric Vessel Involvement in Giant Cell Arteritis",
      "authors": "Saaniya Bagdadi, DO; Jade Thomas, DO; Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Saaniya Bagdadi, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Saaniya Bagdadi, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Saaniya Bagdadi",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bagdadi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jade Thomas, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Jade Thomas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thomas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Harvard University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Carvajal- Gonzalez has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Saaniya Bagdadi",
        "Jade Thomas",
        "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Harvard University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Harvard University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Saaniya Bagdadi, DO; Jade Thomas, DO; Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Harvard University",
        "Objective": "To highlight the importance of additional vascular imaging for patients with Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA).",
        "Background": "GCA, the most common systemic vasculitis, presents with headache, scalp tenderness, visual disturbances, and systemic symptoms. Large artery involvement is less common and typically involves the aorta and its proximal branches, most often in the upper extremities. Mesenteric vessel involvement is rare.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "We present a 70-year-female with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes who presented to the hospital for right eye vision loss. MRI brain was negative for stroke. ESR was elevated at 77. Due to high suspicion for temporal arteritis, she was started on high-dose steroids and underwent a temporal artery biopsy. On follow up, her vision had improved. Her biopsy resulted with rare mononuclear cells with histiocytes and severe disruption of the elastic lamina suggestive of remote or treated arteritis. Due to refractory hyperglycemia and recurrent hospitalizations for diabetic ketoacidosis, she was unable to tolerate a prednisone taper and ultimately transitioned to Tocilizumab with improved glycemic control. Later, she developed sharp right-sided abdominal pain, diaphoresis, and general malaise concerning for large-vessel vasculitis. MRA chest, abdomen, and pelvis showed multifocal areas of arterial wall thickening and postcontrast enhancement in the right brachiocephalic artery with extension to the origin the right subclavian artery as well as in the mesenteric arteries (SMA and IMA), and left common iliac artery.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the importance of additional imaging to assess for underrecognized large-vessel involvement in patients with newly diagnosed GCA. Extracranial imaging detects aortitis in up to 83% of cases. Given this patient’s imaging findings and rarity of mesenteric vessels involvement in GCA, chronic mesenteric ischemia should be considered. Active extracranial large-vessel GCA would require prolonged, intensive therapy with glucocorticoids plus a steroid-sparing agent and carries a higher risk of relapse, making distinction in diagnosis essential.",
        "Disclosures": "Saaniya Bagdadi, DO: Dr. Bagdadi has nothing to disclose.\nJade Thomas, DO: Dr. Thomas has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD: Dr. Carvajal- Gonzalez has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the importance of additional imaging to assess for underrecognized large-vessel involvement in patients with newly diagnosed GCA. Extracranial imaging detects aortitis in up to 83% of cases. Given this patient’s imaging findings and rarity of mesenteric vessels involvement in GCA, chronic mesenteric ischemia should be considered.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65243",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65243",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65244",
      "source_id": "65244",
      "abstract_number": "1-069",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-069",
      "title": "Beyond the Joints: Rheumatoid Leptomeningitis as a Rare Cause of Progressive Neurologic Symptoms",
      "authors": "Mamadou Diallo, MD; Sindu Mukesh, MD; Ruba Shaik; Ribal N. Haddad, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mamadou Diallo, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mamadou Diallo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mamadou Diallo",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Diallo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sindu Mukesh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sindu Mukesh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Mukesh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ruba Shaik",
          "normalized_name": "Ruba Shaik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Shaik has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ribal N. Haddad, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ribal N. Haddad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Carle Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Haddad has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mamadou Diallo",
        "Sindu Mukesh",
        "Ruba Shaik",
        "Ribal N. Haddad"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Carle Health"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Carle Health"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mamadou Diallo, MD; Sindu Mukesh, MD; Ruba Shaik; Ribal N. Haddad, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Carle Health",
        "Objective": "To describe a rare case of rheumatoid leptomeningitis (RLM) and emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of this uncommon central nervous system manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).",
        "Background": "Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease affecting approximately 0.5-1% of the population, frequently associated with extra-articular involvement. Central nervous system manifestations are rare, with rheumatoid leptomeningitis representing an exceptionally uncommon and often underrecognized complication. RLM can occur in patients with long-standing, well-controlled, or minimally active RA and presents with highly variable, nonspecific neurologic symptoms including seizures, headache, encephalopathy, and focal deficits. Neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings are often suggestive but nonspecific, complicating diagnosis. Due to its rarity, absence of standardized diagnostic criteria, and overlap with infectious, malignant, and other autoimmune etiologies, diagnosis is frequently delayed, and management relies largely on case-based experience.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report",
        "Results": "A 60-year-old woman with seropositive RA presented with progressive neurologic symptoms, including sensory disturbances, gait instability, headaches with photophobia, cognitive slowing, and urinary urgency. Brain MRI demonstrated diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement, while CSF analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and increased IgG index with negative infectious and paraneoplastic studies. Despite partial response to corticosteroids, symptoms recurred, and repeat imaging showed persistent meningeal inflammation. Meningeal biopsy confirmed chronic leptomeningitis. She was treated with rituximab and corticosteroids, resulting in partial symptomatic improvement, though residual neurologic deficits persisted.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights rheumatoid leptomeningitis as a rare but important neurologic complication of RA. Early recognition, exclusion of alternative etiologies, and prompt initiation of immunosuppressive therapy are critical to improving outcomes. Increased awareness and reporting are essential to advancing diagnostic strategies and optimizing management for this potentially treatable condition.",
        "Disclosures": "Mamadou Diallo, MD: Dr. Diallo has nothing to disclose.\nSindu Mukesh, MD: Ms. Mukesh has nothing to disclose.\nRuba Shaik: Ms. Shaik has nothing to disclose.\nRibal N. Haddad, MD: Dr. Haddad has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights rheumatoid leptomeningitis as a rare but important neurologic complication of RA. Early recognition, exclusion of alternative etiologies, and prompt initiation of immunosuppressive therapy are critical to improving outcomes. Increased awareness and reporting are essential to advancing diagnostic strategies and optimizing management for this potentially treatable condition.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65244",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65244",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 268
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65245",
      "source_id": "65245",
      "abstract_number": "1-070",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-070",
      "title": "Avoiding Premature Closure: Early-onset Alzheimer’s Disease in a Patient with Cranial Neuropathy and Incidentally Identified Sarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Victor Ekuta, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Victor Ekuta, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Victor Ekuta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Victor Ekuta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Doximity. Dr. Ekuta has or had stock in Doximity.Dr. Ekuta has received research support from Rainwater Charitable Foundation. Dr. Ekuta has received research support from Cell Press, Elsevier, Cell Signaling Technologies. Dr. Ekuta has received research support from Rare Disease Diversity Coalition. Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Contractor with ScaleAI. Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Contractor with Mercor Labs. Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a ANA Futures Program Participant with American Neurological Association."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Victor Ekuta"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Victor Ekuta, MD",
        "Objective": "To highlight diagnostic challenges at the intersection of neurodegenerative and inflammatory neurologic disease in early-onset cognitive decline with incidentally identified systemic sarcoidosis.",
        "Background": "Cognitive decline with focal neurologic deficits raises concern for inflammatory, autoimmune, or neurodegenerative etiologies. Sarcoidosis disproportionately affects Black patients and may involve the nervous system. Interpretation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers and genetic risk factors, including APOE ε4, may vary across populations, complicating diagnostic evaluation.",
        "Design/Methods": "We describe a 58-year-old Black woman with progressive cognitive decline beginning before age 60, followed by acute unilateral ptosis. Chest imaging revealed incidental pulmonary abnormalities, with biopsy confirming sarcoidosis. MRI brain with contrast showed no leptomeningeal or cranial nerve enhancement, with diffuse temporal and frontal atrophy. Cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated an AD-consistent biomarker profile (elevated phosphorylated tau, reduced amyloid beta) without pleocytosis or other clear evidence of central nervous system inflammation. Neuropsychological testing demonstrated severe multidomain impairment, including episodic memory, executive dysfunction, language, and visuospatial deficits. Genetic testing revealed APOE ε4 homozygosity. The cranial neuropathy resolved spontaneously.",
        "Results": "Despite systemic sarcoidosis, cranial neuropathy, and cognitive decline prompting multidisciplinary consideration of neurosarcoidosis, there was no objective evidence of central nervous system inflammation. Converging biomarker, imaging, genetic, and neuropsychological findings supported early-onset AD. Neurosarcoidosis was considered; however, corticosteroid therapy was deferred, given the absence of inflammatory markers and potential risk without clear benefit.",
        "Conclusions": "Incidentally identified inflammatory disease may introduce diagnostic ambiguity in cognitive decline. Careful integration of clinical, radiographic, and biomarker data is essential to avoid both premature diagnostic closure and unnecessary immunosuppression in atypical presentations.",
        "Disclosures": "Victor Ekuta, MD: Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Doximity. Dr. Ekuta has or had stock in Doximity.Dr. Ekuta has received research support from Rainwater Charitable Foundation. Dr. Ekuta has received research support from Cell Press, Elsevier, Cell Signaling Technologies. Dr. Ekuta has received research support from Rare Disease Diversity Coalition. Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Contractor with ScaleAI. Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Contractor with Mercor Labs. Dr. Ekuta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a ANA Futures Program Participant with American Neurological Association."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Incidentally identified inflammatory disease may introduce diagnostic ambiguity in cognitive decline. Careful integration of clinical, radiographic, and biomarker data is essential to avoid both premature diagnostic closure and unnecessary immunosuppression in atypical presentations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65245",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65245",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 250
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65246",
      "source_id": "65246",
      "abstract_number": "1-071",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-071",
      "title": "When Autoimmune Failure Precedes Sicca: Dysautonomia, Small Fiber Neuropathy, and Polyautoimmunity",
      "authors": "Ashmit Gupta, MBBS; Sarika Mutyala, MBBS; Apurva H. Patel, MD; Chiranjeevi Kona, MD, MBBS; Rahul H. Rahangdale, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ashmit Gupta, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ashmit Gupta, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ashmit Gupta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarika Mutyala, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sarika Mutyala",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mutyala has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Apurva H. Patel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Apurva H. Patel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chiranjeevi Kona, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Chiranjeevi Kona",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "SVRRGGH",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kona has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rahul H. Rahangdale, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rahul H. Rahangdale",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rahangdale has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ashmit Gupta",
        "Sarika Mutyala",
        "Apurva H. Patel",
        "Chiranjeevi Kona",
        "Rahul H. Rahangdale"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "SVRRGGH"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "SVRRGGH"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ashmit Gupta, MBBS; Sarika Mutyala, MBBS; Apurva H. Patel, MD; Chiranjeevi Kona, MD, MBBS; Rahul H. Rahangdale, MD",
        "Affiliations": "SVRRGGH",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Primary Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects exocrine glands, presenting with xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. However, atypical manifestations such as dysautonomia may also occur, these include postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), gastrointestinal dysmotility, tachycardia, heat intolerance, in severe cases, autonomic neuropathy with numbness and pain in the extremities. These symptoms likely result from autoimmune-mediated injury to the autonomic nervous system. Further, the coexistence of antiphospholipid and thyroid autoantibodies may indicate an underlying polyautoimmune state called overlap syndrome, delaying the diagnosis and management.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 32-year-old man with 4 year history of lightheadedness, fatigue, excessive sweating, bowel & bladder incontinence, and palpitations on exertion or standing. Initial vital signs showed a pulse of 90/min supine and 130/min standing, blood pressure of 110/70 mmHg supine and 90/60 mmHg standing, and a respiratory rate of 14/min. Physical examination revealed reduced sensation in both lower extremities. The tilt-table test and Valsalva maneuver were abnormal. Workup: Serum studies showed positive lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin IgM antibodies, along with elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody. Histopathological examination of lip biopsy revealed periacinar, perivascular, and periductal lymphocytic infiltrates. Absent lower limb sympathetic skin response suggested small fiber involvement. Nerve conduction studies showed reduced sural nerve amplitudes bilaterally. Course: The patient was initially treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), resulting in modest clinical improvement. He was subsequently started on gabapentin 100 mg once daily for neuropathy and metoprolol 25 mg twice daily for tachycardia. Supportive treatment was provided for his autonomic symptoms, and the patient remains clinically stable on follow up.",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights autoimmune dysautonomia and neuropathy as neurological manifestation of Primary Sjögren’s syndrome with possible polyautoimmunity, which may delay diagnosis. Management is mostly supportive and involves immunosuppressive therapy. Early recognition of symptoms is essential as; timely immunotherapy may improve clinical outcomes and prevent disease progression.",
        "Disclosures": "Ashmit Gupta, MBBS: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nSarika Mutyala, MBBS: Dr. Mutyala has nothing to disclose.\nApurva H. Patel, MD: Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose.\nChiranjeevi Kona, MD, MBBS: Dr. Kona has nothing to disclose.\nRahul H. Rahangdale, MD: Dr. Rahangdale has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights autoimmune dysautonomia and neuropathy as neurological manifestation of Primary Sjögren’s syndrome with possible polyautoimmunity, which may delay diagnosis. Management is mostly supportive and involves immunosuppressive therapy. Early recognition of symptoms is essential as; timely immunotherapy may improve clinical outcomes and prevent disease progression.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65246",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65246",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65248",
      "source_id": "65248",
      "abstract_number": "1-073",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-073",
      "title": "Systemic Autoimmunity and Moyamoya Angiopathy: Expanding Recognition Beyond Classic Epidemiologic Profiles",
      "authors": "Mahdi Fadel; Ali Fadel",
      "presenting_author": "Mahdi Fadel",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mahdi Fadel",
          "normalized_name": "Mahdi Fadel",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Fadel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ali Fadel",
          "normalized_name": "Ali Fadel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Fadel has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mahdi Fadel",
        "Ali Fadel"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mahdi Fadel; Ali Fadel",
        "Objective": "To review autoimmune associations in moyamoya disease and moyamoya angiopathy. And examine type 1 diabetes mellitus as part of a broader immune-associated moyamoya phenotype outside classic epidemiologic/genetic risk profiles.",
        "Background": "Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a non-atherosclerotic steno-occlusive vasculopathy involving the distal internal carotid arteries(ICA) and proximal circle of Willis. MMD is most commonly recognized in the context of genetic and epidemiologic risk factors. Particularly in East-Asian ancestry and trisomy-21. However, MMD is increasingly being reported in patients outside these traditional risk groups, and in autoimmune comorbidities. These include Graves disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid-syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a focused literature review of published reports and cohort studies describing autoimmune comorbidities in MMD or moyamoya angiopathy. This review was informed by our previously reported clinical case of MMD in a young woman with T1DM, which served as a clinical framework rather than a new case presentation.",
        "Results": "Published case reports and cohort studies of moyamoya angiopathy have repeatedly described coexisting autoimmune histories. This suggests that systemic autoimmunity may represent an underrecognized clinical pattern rather than an isolated coincidence. Prior literature describing the autoimmune-moyamoya association includes case reports, case series, and retrospective reviews. This is supporting the possibility that autoimmune disorders may be part of a broader immune-associated phenotype rather than an isolated comorbidity. Proposed mechanisms include immune-mediated endothelial injury, inflammatory vascular remodeling, abnormal angiogenic signaling, and interactions between systemic inflammation and underlying MMD susceptibility pathways. Our previously reported clinical case, involving a young woman with T1DM, elevated inflammatory markers, hyperglycemia and angiographic findings consistent with MMD, served as the rationale for examining this association in the literature.",
        "Conclusions": "MMD should be considered in young patients outside the classical epidemiologic profile with autoimmune disease and acute cerebrovascular symptoms. T1DM autoimmunity may represent an autoimmune trigger prompting evaluation for MMD and related cerebral vasculopathies.",
        "Disclosures": "Mahdi Fadel: Mr. Fadel has nothing to disclose.\nAli Fadel: Mr. Fadel has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "MMD should be considered in young patients outside the classical epidemiologic profile with autoimmune disease and acute cerebrovascular symptoms. T1DM autoimmunity may represent an autoimmune trigger prompting evaluation for MMD and related cerebral vasculopathies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65248",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65248",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65249",
      "source_id": "65249",
      "abstract_number": "1-074",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-074",
      "title": "A Diagnostic Dilemma: Unmasking Giant Cell Arteritis in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis Exacerbation and HIV",
      "authors": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD; Orlando Zamora, MD; Hector Lalama, MD; Marialejandra Homez Rincon, MD; Dina Velasquez, MD; Joham J. Ortiz Negron, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alvaro A. Soto",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Larkin Community Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Soto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Orlando Zamora, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Orlando Zamora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zamora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hector Lalama, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Hector Lalama",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hector Lalama MDPA",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lalama has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marialejandra Homez Rincon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marialejandra Homez Rincon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Homez Rincon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dina Velasquez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dina Velasquez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Velasquez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joham J. Ortiz Negron, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Joham J. Ortiz Negron",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ortiz Negron has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alvaro A. Soto",
        "Orlando Zamora",
        "Hector Lalama",
        "Marialejandra Homez Rincon",
        "Dina Velasquez",
        "Joham J. Ortiz Negron"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Larkin Community Hospital",
        "Hector Lalama MDPA"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Larkin Community Hospital",
        "Hector Lalama MDPA"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD; Orlando Zamora, MD; Hector Lalama, MD; Marialejandra Homez Rincon, MD; Dina Velasquez, MD; Joham J. Ortiz Negron, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Larkin Community Hospital\nHector Lalama MDPA",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Background: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), myasthenia gravis (MG), and HIV rarely coexist, with no documented case of this triad in the literature. Overlapping symptoms like jaw claudication, ptosis, and visual disturbance may create significant diagnostic challenges. This represents the first documented coexistence of MG exacerbation, HIV, and clinically diagnosed GCA based on ACR classification criteria. Case Presentation: An 80-year-old male with HIV (CD4 162 cells/µL) and MG presented with his third exacerbation in six months: left-sided ptosis, right-sided jaw claudication, visual disturbance, and dysphagia. Examination revealed bilateral temporal tenderness and bulky temporal arteries. Labs showed normocytic anemia (Hgb 10.3), ESR uptrending 63→76, CRP 5.6, and weight loss. Temporal ultrasound was negative. The patient met four of five ACR 1990 GCA criteria (age ≥50, temporal tenderness, ESR ≥50, jaw claudication). Pyridostigmine was adjusted to 90 mg TID, and prednisone 80 mg PO daily was initiated to address both MG and GCA, with a planned taper. Significant improvement followed: ptosis resolved, claudication and tenderness subsided, swallowing improved, ESR declined 76→39, CRP 5.6→0.5, and CD4 improved to 322 during his admission. Biopsy was deferred by vascular surgery for outpatient evaluation due to the risk of myasthenia gravis decompensation and FDG-PET/CT vasculitis protocol will be used as a contingency. Discussion: Jaw claudication may reflect ischemia (GCA) or bulbar weakness (MG). Three relapses in six months prompted vasculitis evaluation. Robust corticosteroid response with inflammatory marker decline supports active GCA. Biopsy sensitivity is limited (40-70%) and further reduced by steroid pretreatment. Steroid-sparing agents offer dual therapeutic benefit for both MG and GCA while limiting immunosuppressive burden in HIV. Conclusion: Recurrent myasthenia gravis exacerbations with systemic inflammatory signs should prompt evaluation for occult comorbidities. Outpatient biopsy and PET remain planned for further characterization.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "N/A",
        "Disclosures": "Alvaro A. Soto, MD: Dr. Soto has nothing to disclose.\nOrlando Zamora, MD: Dr. Zamora has nothing to disclose.\nHector Lalama, MD: Dr. Lalama has nothing to disclose.\nMarialejandra Homez Rincon, MD: Dr. Homez Rincon has nothing to disclose.\nDina Velasquez, MD: Dr. Velasquez has nothing to disclose.\nJoham J. Ortiz Negron, MD: Dr. Ortiz Negron has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "N/A",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65249",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65249",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65250",
      "source_id": "65250",
      "abstract_number": "1-075",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-075",
      "title": "Late-onset Neurological Immune-related Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors",
      "authors": "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli, MD; NIHAR P. UPADHYAY, MBBS, DNB MEDICINE; Lisa Kottschade, APRN, CNP; Teerin Liewluck, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kothapalli has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "NIHAR P. UPADHYAY, MBBS, DNB MEDICINE",
          "normalized_name": "NIHAR P. UPADHYAY",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. UPADHYAY has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lisa Kottschade, APRN, CNP",
          "normalized_name": "Lisa Kottschade, APRN, CNP",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Mrs. Kottschade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunocore. The institution of Mrs. Kottschade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Replimmune."
        },
        {
          "name": "Teerin Liewluck, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Teerin Liewluck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Liewluck has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sarepta Therapeutics. Dr. Liewluck has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli",
        "NIHAR P. UPADHYAY",
        "Lisa Kottschade, APRN, CNP",
        "Teerin Liewluck",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford University",
        "Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford University",
        "Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli, MD; NIHAR P. UPADHYAY, MBBS, DNB MEDICINE; Lisa Kottschade, APRN, CNP; Teerin Liewluck, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford University\nDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the late-onset adverse events in a large cohort to better characterize their clinical phenotypes and outcomes.",
        "Background": "Immune related adverse events",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective study included patients with late-onset N-irAE, defined as onset ≥ 6 months after ICI initiation. Mayo Clinic patients (2016-2025) underwent extensive testing to rule out mimics. We compared cohorts with intermediate N-irAE onset (1-6 months after ICI initiation), early onset (≤1 month after ICI initiation), performed a time-to-death analysis.",
        "Results": "95 N-irAEs, 35 (37%) were late-onset, median age at onset of 66 years (vs 71 in early-onset, P<0.05), female 64% (versus 38% in early-onset, P<0.05). In late-onset N-irAE, 50% of patients had prior radiation and chemotherapy before initiating ICI, compared with 79% in early-onset cases (P<0.05). Median time from cancer diagnosis to ICI initiation was 12 months (IQR 2-48), longer than in early-onset N-irAEs (4 months, IQR 2-31; P<0.05) and intermediate-onset N-irAEs (2 months, IQR 1-8; P<0.05). Eight patients switched ICI classes during treatment (none in the early or intermediate-onset groups; P<0.05). Myopathy was present in 17% of late-onset cases (versus 75% in early-onset, P<0.05); 20% had other peripheral neurological manifestations (vs 3% in early-onset, P<0.05); 14% experienced paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (vs none in early-onset, P<0.05); 6% had fulminant course (vs 30% in early-onset, P<0.05). Nine patients had CNS manifestations other than autoimmune encephalitis/meningitis in late onset (vs 3 each in early/intermediate onset, P<0.05). Mortality from N-irAE was higher in early-onset cases, from myopathy (P<0.05). Deaths from cancer progression were more in late-onset cases, this difference was not statistically significant, due to small sample size. Antibodies in late-onset cohort ANNA-1 (n = 3, one with coexisting NIF), 1 each GAD-65 and AQP4. Intermediate-onset cohort included one each CRMP-5, P/Q channel.",
        "Conclusions": "Late-onset N-irAEs are common, should be recognized with appropriate testing, associated with favorable outcomes compared to early-onset N-irAEs.",
        "Disclosures": "Naga Pradyumna Kothapalli, MD: Dr. Kothapalli has nothing to disclose.\nNIHAR P. UPADHYAY, MBBS, DNB MEDICINE: Dr. UPADHYAY has nothing to disclose.\nLisa Kottschade, APRN, CNP: The institution of Mrs. Kottschade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunocore. The institution of Mrs. Kottschade has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Replimmune.\nTeerin Liewluck, MD, FAAN: Dr. Liewluck has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sarepta Therapeutics. Dr. Liewluck has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Late-onset N-irAEs are common, should be recognized with appropriate testing, associated with favorable outcomes compared to early-onset N-irAEs.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22375",
          "title": "C13 - Other Inflammatory Neuropathies",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22375",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Rocio Vazquez Do Campo, MD, Anthony A. Amato, MD, FAAN",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify the clinical features and diagnostic approach to peripheral neuropathies associated with monoclonal gammopathies; recognize the presentation, evaluation, and underlying mechanisms of radiculoplexus neuropathies; describe key features of autoimmune autonomic disorders, including clinical manifestations and diagnostic testing strategies; and apply evidence-based approaches to the diagnosis and management of diverse inflammatory and immune-mediated peripheral neuropathies.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65250",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65250",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 325
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65251",
      "source_id": "65251",
      "abstract_number": "1-076",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-076",
      "title": "Comprehensive Assessment of Immune-checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI)-induced Neurotoxicity (N-Tox) in Melanoma Patients",
      "authors": "Agrima Dutt, MS; Sooran Kim, PhD; Yue Pan, PhD; Shi Qiu, MS; Onyekwere Onwumere, PhD; Lauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN; Huilin Li; Iman Osman, MD; Jiyeon Son, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Agrima Dutt, MS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Agrima Dutt, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Agrima Dutt",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Dutt has or had stock in Esperion Therapeutics.Miss Dutt has or had stock in Iovance Biotherapeutics.Miss Dutt has or had stock in Moderna Therapeutics.Miss Dutt has or had stock in Regeneron Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sooran Kim, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sooran Kim",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kim has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yue Pan, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Yue Pan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shi Qiu, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Shi Qiu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Qiu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Onyekwere Onwumere, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Onyekwere Onwumere",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Onwumere has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Lauren B. Krupp",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NYU Langone Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EBIX. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hoffman LaRoche. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for MMMK. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Patrick, Dolan, and Kaufman. Dr. krupp has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Huilin Li",
          "normalized_name": "Huilin Li",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Li has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for mSystems."
        },
        {
          "name": "Iman Osman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Iman Osman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Osman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jiyeon Son, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jiyeon Son",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Son has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Agrima Dutt",
        "Sooran Kim",
        "Yue Pan",
        "Shi Qiu",
        "Onyekwere Onwumere",
        "Lauren B. Krupp",
        "Huilin Li",
        "Iman Osman",
        "Jiyeon Son"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "NYU Langone Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "NYU Langone Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Agrima Dutt, MS; Sooran Kim, PhD; Yue Pan, PhD; Shi Qiu, MS; Onyekwere Onwumere, PhD; Lauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN; Huilin Li; Iman Osman, MD; Jiyeon Son, MD",
        "Affiliations": "NYU Langone Medical Center",
        "Objective": "To characterize the severity, progression, chronicity and treatment of ICI-induced N-Tox in a standard of care (SOC) setting.",
        "Background": "ICI-induced N-Tox is understudied despite its morbidity and potential mortality. Our previous report on melanoma patients enrolled in ICI phase III clinical trials revealed that 32% of patients with mild/non-specific symptoms progressed to more severe N-Tox, and in some cases required hospitalization. However, the management information of N-Tox and long-term outcomes were unavailable, and the high rate of progression has not previously been studied in SOC setting.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a single institution study of melanoma patients enrolled in a prospective database who received ICI as SOC and developed N-Tox. We analyzed their clinical manifestations, treatment outcomes, laboratory, neuroimaging, and electrophysiologic data.",
        "Results": "89/666 (13%) patients developed N-Tox (G1:33, G2:31, G3:18, G4:4) ranging from 2% with ipilimumab, 5% with nivolumab+relatlimab, 9% with pembrolizumab, 14% with nivolumab, and 15% with ipilimumab+nivolumab. Peripheral neuropathy and myopathy were the most common N-Tox. 49(55%) patients initially presented with mild non-specific neurological symptoms and 27(30%) progressed to more severe N-Tox. 46(51%) required ICI discontinuation or interruption and 20(22%) were hospitalized. 38(43%) patients received corticosteroids and 5(6%) required IVIG, PLEX, or rituximab. Median time to N-Tox resolution was 53 days, however, 30(33%) patients had persistent symptoms >3 months. Grade≥2 N-Tox was significantly associated with chronicity (p=0.02, OR=2.98). Among N-Tox patients with available laboratory results, 24/31(77%) had elevated ESR, 22/36(61%) had elevated CRP, 6/12(50%) had elevated ANA, 8/8(100%) had elevated CSF protein and glucose; EMGs for patients with peripheral neuropathy showed axonal (4/11), demyelinating (1/11), and mixed neuropathy (3/11).",
        "Conclusions": "Our data demonstrate frequent progression of mild/nonspecific symptoms to more severe N-Tox, leading to treatment disruptions, hospitalization and substantial chronicity. Thus, early identification and management of N-Tox in ICI-treated patients, and the need for standardized management in the prospective setting is crucial.",
        "Disclosures": "Agrima Dutt, MS: Miss Dutt has or had stock in Esperion Therapeutics.Miss Dutt has or had stock in Iovance Biotherapeutics.Miss Dutt has or had stock in Moderna Therapeutics.Miss Dutt has or had stock in Regeneron Pharmaceuticals.\nSooran Kim, PhD: Dr. Kim has nothing to disclose.\nYue Pan, PhD: Dr. Pan has nothing to disclose.\nShi Qiu, MS: Mr. Qiu has nothing to disclose.\nOnyekwere Onwumere, PhD: Dr. Onwumere has nothing to disclose.\nLauren B. Krupp, MD, FAAN: Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Medscape. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for EBIX. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Hoffman LaRoche. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for MMMK. Dr. krupp has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Patrick, Dolan, and Kaufman. Dr. krupp has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nHuilin Li: Dr. Li has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for mSystems.\nIman Osman, MD: Dr. Osman has nothing to disclose.\nJiyeon Son, MD: Ms. Son has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our data demonstrate frequent progression of mild/nonspecific symptoms to more severe N-Tox, leading to treatment disruptions, hospitalization and substantial chronicity. Thus, early identification and management of N-Tox in ICI-treated patients, and the need for standardized management in the prospective setting is crucial.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65251",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65251",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 332
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65252",
      "source_id": "65252",
      "abstract_number": "1-077",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-077",
      "title": "Recovery and Rechallenge after Neurological Immune-related Adverse Events from Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors",
      "authors": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD; Sepideh Mokhtari, MD; Yolanda Pina, MD; Edwin N. Peguero, MD; Peter Forsyth, MD; David Iacono; Husayn Jaffer, BS; Muhammad H. Jaffer, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sepideh Mokhtari, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sepideh Mokhtari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mokhtari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yolanda Pina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yolanda Pina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Edwin N. Peguero, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Edwin N. Peguero",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Peguero has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Peter Forsyth, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Peter Forsyth",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Iacono",
          "normalized_name": "David Iacono",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "David Iacono has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Husayn Jaffer, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Husayn Jaffer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad H. Jaffer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad H. Jaffer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer",
        "Sepideh Mokhtari",
        "Yolanda Pina",
        "Edwin N. Peguero",
        "Peter Forsyth",
        "David Iacono",
        "Husayn Jaffer",
        "Muhammad H. Jaffer"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Moffitt Cancer Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Moffitt Cancer Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD; Sepideh Mokhtari, MD; Yolanda Pina, MD; Edwin N. Peguero, MD; Peter Forsyth, MD; David Iacono; Husayn Jaffer, BS; Muhammad H. Jaffer, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
        "Objective": "Analyze recovery metrics and safety of rechallenge after neurological immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor use.",
        "Background": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a foundational therapy in immunogenic solid tumors. Neurological immune-related adverse events (nIRAE) from ICI therapy often impact survival and treatment approaches. More data is needed on longitudinal outcomes and the safety of rechallenge in ICI-related nIRAE, especially in patients with minimal residual disability.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively reviewed 49 cancer patients who developed ICI-related nIRAE at Moffitt Cancer Center between 2018-2025. Data collected included cancer subtype, ICI class used, nIRAE phenotype, time from ICI initiation to nIRAE onset, survival time after nIRAE, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at nadir, mRS at 6 months post-nIRAE, and outcomes of any ICI rechallenge.",
        "Results": "Cancer subtypes included melanoma (N=28), lung (N=12), and renal (N=9). ICI classes included PD-1 (43%), PD-1/CTLA-4 (43%), PD-L1 (8%), and PD-1/LAG-3 (6%). Mean time from ICI initiation to nIRAE onset was 4.6 ± 2.2 months. Mean survival time after nIRAE was 16.6 ± 4.2 months. nIRAE phenotypes included neuropathy (N=22), myositis (N=17), encephalitis (N=10), myasthenia gravis (N=5), demyelinating (N=2), and vasculitis (N=1). Mean mRS at nadir was 3.6 ± 0.4. Mean mRS after 6 months was significantly lower at 2.7 ± 0.6 (p=0.013). 48% of patients had minimal to no disability after 6 months (mRS ≤ 1). ICI was rechallenged in 5 patients in our cohort (4 melanoma and 1 renal, all with neuropathy and mRS at 6 months post-nIRAE of 1). None of these patients experienced nIRAE recurrence.",
        "Conclusions": "ICI-related nIRAE demonstrated significant functional improvement in our cohort after 6 months, with 48% of cases achieving minimal to no disability. In a subset of patients with the neuropathy phenotype and good functional status, ICI rechallenge was well-tolerated with no recurrence of nIRAE, supporting a patient-centered, individualized approach in select cases.",
        "Disclosures": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD: Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose.\nSepideh Mokhtari, MD: Dr. Mokhtari has nothing to disclose.\nYolanda Pina, MD: Dr. Pina has nothing to disclose.\nEdwin N. Peguero, MD: Dr. Peguero has nothing to disclose.\nPeter Forsyth, MD: The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense.\nDavid Iacono: David Iacono has nothing to disclose.\nHusayn Jaffer, BS: Mr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad H. Jaffer, MD: Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "ICI-related nIRAE demonstrated significant functional improvement in our cohort after 6 months, with 48% of cases achieving minimal to no disability. In a subset of patients with the neuropathy phenotype and good functional status, ICI rechallenge was well-tolerated with no recurrence of nIRAE, supporting a patient-centered, individualized approach in select cases.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65252",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65252",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 315
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65253",
      "source_id": "65253",
      "abstract_number": "1-078",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-078",
      "title": "Super-refractory Focal Status Epilepticus from Talquetamab: An Under-recognized Neurotoxicity Syndrome",
      "authors": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD; Peter Forsyth, MD; Sepideh Mokhtari, MD; Yolanda Pina, MD; David Iacono; Husayn Jaffer, BS; Muhammad H. Jaffer, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Peter Forsyth, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Peter Forsyth",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sepideh Mokhtari, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sepideh Mokhtari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mokhtari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yolanda Pina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yolanda Pina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Iacono",
          "normalized_name": "David Iacono",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "David Iacono has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Husayn Jaffer, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Husayn Jaffer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad H. Jaffer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad H. Jaffer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer",
        "Peter Forsyth",
        "Sepideh Mokhtari",
        "Yolanda Pina",
        "David Iacono",
        "Husayn Jaffer",
        "Muhammad H. Jaffer"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Moffitt Cancer Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Moffitt Cancer Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD; Peter Forsyth, MD; Sepideh Mokhtari, MD; Yolanda Pina, MD; David Iacono; Husayn Jaffer, BS; Muhammad H. Jaffer, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
        "Objective": "Document a rare lethal neurological immune-related adverse event from talquetamab use.",
        "Background": "Status epilepticus is a rare complication of bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) therapy as part of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), but seizures are usually generalized and non-convulsive in nature. Here we describe a case of super-refractory focal status epilepticus from talquetamab, a BiTE therapy targeting CD3 and GPRC5D.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "67-year-old male with treatment-refractory multiple myeloma on maintenance talquetamab at 0.8 mg/kg who presented 15 days after receiving his first maintenance dose with encephalopathy, new-onset right upper extremity weakness, continuous rhythmic shaking of the right arm, and lip-smacking movements. He was diagnosed with epilepsia partialis continua arising from the left hemisphere. MRI brain with and without contrast showed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) restriction along the left frontal, temporal, and parietal cortices without enhancement, likely due to prolonged focal status epilepticus. He was intubated and placed on intravenous propofol. Continuous electroencephalography (EEG) showed frequent bursts of lateralized periodic discharges at 1 Hz over the left temporo-parietal region every 5-10 seconds. Lumbar puncture was remarkable for opening pressure 32 cm H 2 O, 0 nucleated cells, protein 47 mg/mL, negative meningoencephalitis panel, negative oligoclonal bands, and myelin basic protein 8.67 ng/mL. He was placed on maximal doses of intravenous levetiracetam, lacosamide, and fosphenytoin, however continued to exhibit frequent clonic seizures of the right arm over the next 72 hours. He was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone 1000 mg daily for 5 days, intravenous immune globulin (IVIg) 1g/kg for 2 days, and anakinra 100 mg every 6 hours for 4 doses without meaningful recovery. Due to refractory ICANS, family elected to withdraw care and he passed away on day 24 after presentation.",
        "Conclusions": "Focal status epilepticus is a complication of advanced ICANS from talquetamab use, and it may respond poorly to steroids, IVIg, and anakinra.",
        "Disclosures": "Ali-Musa R. Jaffer, MD: Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose.\nPeter Forsyth, MD: The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Forsyth has received research support from Department of Defense.\nSepideh Mokhtari, MD: Dr. Mokhtari has nothing to disclose.\nYolanda Pina, MD: Dr. Pina has nothing to disclose.\nDavid Iacono: David Iacono has nothing to disclose.\nHusayn Jaffer, BS: Mr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad H. Jaffer, MD: Dr. Jaffer has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Focal status epilepticus is a complication of advanced ICANS from talquetamab use, and it may respond poorly to steroids, IVIg, and anakinra.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65253",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65253",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65254",
      "source_id": "65254",
      "abstract_number": "1-079",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-079",
      "title": "Predictors of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-associated Encephalitis Diagnosis and Recovery Trajectories: A Multi-center Retrospective Case-control Study",
      "authors": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD; Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD; Shalen Desai; Abby Scurfield, MD; Joao Vitor Mahler, MD; Jamie C. McDonald, MD; Jeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN; Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Prashanth Rajarajan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rajarajan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dylan Kirschenbaum",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kirschenbaum has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shalen Desai",
          "normalized_name": "Shalen Desai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Desai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abby Scurfield, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abby Scurfield",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Scurfield has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joao Vitor Mahler, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Joao Vitor Mahler",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mahler has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jamie C. McDonald",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey E. Dunn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Progentec Diagnostics. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Dunn has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Shamik Bhattacharyya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NeuroLambda. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Continuum. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from National Institute of Health. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Kristin M. Galetta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Prashanth Rajarajan",
        "Dylan Kirschenbaum",
        "Shalen Desai",
        "Abby Scurfield",
        "Joao Vitor Mahler",
        "Jamie C. McDonald",
        "Jeffrey E. Dunn",
        "Shamik Bhattacharyya",
        "Kristin M. Galetta"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Stanford University",
        "Stanford University Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Stanford University",
        "Stanford University Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD; Dylan Kirschenbaum, MD; Shalen Desai; Abby Scurfield, MD; Joao Vitor Mahler, MD; Jamie C. McDonald, MD; Jeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN; Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Brigham and Women's Hospital\nStanford University\nStanford University Medical Center",
        "Objective": "To identify clinical features that distinguish immune-related encephalitis (irE) from alternative causes of encephalopathy in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) exposed patients, and to characterize predictors of recovery among irE cases.",
        "Background": "ICIs can cause serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including irE. Diagnosis of irE is difficult because of a wide range of mimics and lack of diagnostic biomarkers. Existing diagnostic criteria for autoimmune encephalitis were not empirically derived or validated in ICI-exposed patients.",
        "Design/Methods": "Multicenter retrospective case-control study of ICI-exposed patients who developed encephalopathy and diagnosed with either irE (cases) or alternate cause (controls). We reviewed clinical presentations, diagnostics, treatments, and recovery. Graus autoimmune encephalitis criteria and APE2 score were systemically assessed for all patients. Firth penalized logistic regression was used for case-control discrimination and recovery prediction.",
        "Results": "We analyzed 69 irE cases and 72 controls (median age 71 years; 40% female; most common cancers melanoma and lung adenocarcinoma; most common ICIs were pembrolizumab and nivolumab). 74% cases and 15% controls met Graus criteria (p<0.001). Median APE2 scores for cases and controls were 5 (IQR 3-5) and 3 (2-4) respectively (p<0.001). An APE2 score of ≥4 had 67% sensitivity and 72% specificity for irE. Each tier increase in Graus autoimmune encephalitis criteria strongly predicted irE diagnosis (adjusted OR 10.4, 95% CI 4.7-24.9, p<0.001). Augmenting Graus criteria with systemic irAE status and periodic discharges on EEG improved diagnostic discrimination (AUC 0.88 vs. 0.79). Among irE cases, prior CNS radiation (aOR 10.8, 95% CI 1.9-112.3, p=0.005) and each one-point rise in APE2 score (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-4.1, p=0.003) were both associated with higher odds of incomplete neurologic recovery.",
        "Conclusions": "Empirically derived predictors such as EEG patterns and presence of systemic irAEs enhance existing autoimmune encephalitis diagnostic criteria. Prior CNS radiation and higher APE2 scores are associated with higher odds of incomplete recovery.",
        "Disclosures": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD: Dr. Rajarajan has nothing to disclose.\nDylan Kirschenbaum, MD: Dr. Kirschenbaum has nothing to disclose.\nShalen Desai: Mr. Desai has nothing to disclose.\nAbby Scurfield, MD: Dr. Scurfield has nothing to disclose.\nJoao Vitor Mahler, MD: Dr. Mahler has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation.\nJamie C. McDonald, MD: Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose.\nJeffrey E. Dunn, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Progentec Diagnostics. Dr. Dunn has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Dunn has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nShamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN: Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NeuroLambda. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Continuum. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from National Institute of Health. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nKristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN: Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Empirically derived predictors such as EEG patterns and presence of systemic irAEs enhance existing autoimmune encephalitis diagnostic criteria. Prior CNS radiation and higher APE2 scores are associated with higher odds of incomplete recovery.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22380",
          "title": "C17 - Cancer-associated Neurological Autoimmunity",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22380",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Shailee S. Shah, MD, Bianca Santomasso, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify clinical features of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated neurological complications; apply a diagnostic approach to patients with suspected cancer-associated neurological autoimmunity; and implement evidence-based treatment strategies for paraneoplastic and immune-mediated neurological disorders in patients with cancer.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Case-based, Didactic, Audience Participation"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65254",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65254",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 318
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65255",
      "source_id": "65255",
      "abstract_number": "1-080",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-080",
      "title": "Neurological Immune-related Adverse Events Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Evidence and Meta-analysis of Incidence, Phenotype, and Outcomes",
      "authors": "Usmaan Topiwala, MBBS; Meet Kachhadia, MBBS; Eduardo A. Rodriguez, MD; Freya S. Kanakhara",
      "presenting_author": "Usmaan Topiwala, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Usmaan Topiwala, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Usmaan Topiwala",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Topiwala has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meet Kachhadia, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Meet Kachhadia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kachhadia has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eduardo A. Rodriguez, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Eduardo A. Rodriguez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rodriguez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Freya S. Kanakhara",
          "normalized_name": "Freya S. Kanakhara",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UT Houston",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Kanakhara has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Usmaan Topiwala",
        "Meet Kachhadia",
        "Eduardo A. Rodriguez",
        "Freya S. Kanakhara"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UT Houston"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UT Houston"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Usmaan Topiwala, MBBS; Meet Kachhadia, MBBS; Eduardo A. Rodriguez, MD; Freya S. Kanakhara",
        "Affiliations": "UT Houston",
        "Objective": "To conduct an umbrella review synthesizing existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses characterizing the incidence, clinical phenotyping, time-to-onset, and mortality of neuro-irAEs across all approved ICI classes and solid tumor indications.",
        "Background": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 agents have revolutionized oncologic care but carry an emerging burden of neurological immune-related adverse events (neuro-irAEs). These range from mild peripheral neuropathies to fulminant autoimmune encephalitis and myasthenic crisis. Despite escalating ICI utilization across tumor types, the true epidemiological landscape of neuro-irAEs remains fragmented across heterogeneous case series and single-agent trials.",
        "Design/Methods": "PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and SCOPUS were searched through January 2025. Eligible studies included systematic reviews or meta-analyses reporting neurological adverse events in adult cancer patients receiving ICI monotherapy or combination regimens. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2. Pooled incidence rates were extracted across phenotypic categories: encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), myasthenia gravis (MG), peripheral neuropathy, aseptic meningitis, and transverse myelitis. Overlap across included reviews was quantified using the corrected covered area (CCA) index.",
        "Results": "Twenty-six systematic reviews encompassing data from 612 clinical trials and 94,700 ICI-treated patients were included. Overall pooled incidence of any-grade neuro-irAE was 3.8% (95% CI 2.9-4.9%), rising to 6.1% with combination PD-1/CTLA-4 blockade. MG and GBS carried the highest case-fatality rates at 11.4% and 8.7%, respectively. Median time-to-onset was significantly shorter with combination therapy (28 vs. 49 days, p<0.001). Anti-PD-1 agents demonstrated disproportionate encephalitis risk versus anti-PD-L1 (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.21-2.50). Neurological irAEs preceded cancer progression detection in 18% of cases, suggesting potential immunological cross-reactivity mechanisms.",
        "Conclusions": "Neuro-irAEs represent a clinically underrecognized, heterogeneous, and potentially fatal complication of modern immunotherapy. The disproportionate risk with combination ICI regimens and the early temporal onset profile demand heightened neurological surveillance protocols integrated into oncology care pathways. Collaborative neuro-oncology frameworks are urgently needed to standardize grading, treatment escalation, and long-term follow-up.",
        "Disclosures": "Usmaan Topiwala, MBBS: Dr. Topiwala has nothing to disclose.\nMeet Kachhadia, MBBS: Dr. Kachhadia has nothing to disclose.\nEduardo A. Rodriguez, MD: Dr. Rodriguez has nothing to disclose.\nFreya S. Kanakhara: Ms. Kanakhara has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Neuro-irAEs represent a clinically underrecognized, heterogeneous, and potentially fatal complication of modern immunotherapy. The disproportionate risk with combination ICI regimens and the early temporal onset profile demand heightened neurological surveillance protocols integrated into oncology care pathways.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65255",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65255",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 313
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65256",
      "source_id": "65256",
      "abstract_number": "1-081",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-081",
      "title": "Rotavirus Infection Associated Leukoencephalopathy with Refractory Multifocal Seizures",
      "authors": "Taqua Tabassum, MD; Anna Scholz, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Taqua Tabassum, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Taqua Tabassum, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Taqua Tabassum",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tabassum has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anna Scholz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anna Scholz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Washington University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Scholz has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Taqua Tabassum",
        "Anna Scholz"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Washington University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Washington University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Taqua Tabassum, MD; Anna Scholz, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Washington University",
        "Objective": "To highlight severe neurologic manifestation of rotavirus-associated leukoencephalopathy and to emphasize the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation in infants with encephalopathy and refractory seizures.",
        "Background": "A previously healthy, vaccinated 3-month-old male developed diarrhea, vomiting, decreased visual tracking, and progressive irritability, followed by encephalopathy and multifocal seizures requiring intubation. EEG demonstrated frequent multifocal electroclinical seizures. MRI brain with and without contrast revealed diffuse bilateral subcortical diffusion restriction with occipital predominance, suggestive of leukoencephalopathy. CSF showed mild pleocytosis with normal protein. Enteric panel was positive for rotavirus, and it was noted that rotavirus vaccination had not yet been administered. Seizures were treated with IV loading doses of levetiracetam, phenobarbital, and a midazolam infusion, followed by maintenance therapy with phenobarbital and levetiracetam. Patient received high-dose IV steroids and IVIG to treat inflammation-associated leukoencephalopathy in the setting of active rotavirus infection. Clinical status gradually improved, with recovery of visual tracking and successful weaning of antiseizure medications.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "In infants without prior rotavirus vaccination who present with gastrointestinal symptoms and concurrent severe neurologic manifestations, early testing for rotavirus infection should be strongly considered, along with consideration of guidance regarding use of live attenuated vaccines following infection. Early recognition of characteristic clinical and radiographic features, along with exclusion of alternative etiologies, is essential to guide timely immunomodulatory treatment and optimize neurologic outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Taqua Tabassum, MD: Dr. Tabassum has nothing to disclose.\nAnna Scholz, MD: Dr. Scholz has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In infants without prior rotavirus vaccination who present with gastrointestinal symptoms and concurrent severe neurologic manifestations, early testing for rotavirus infection should be strongly considered, along with consideration of guidance regarding use of live attenuated vaccines following infection.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65256",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65256",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 216
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65257",
      "source_id": "65257",
      "abstract_number": "1-082",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-082",
      "title": "Amyloid-related Imaging Abnormalities Following Novel Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease",
      "authors": "Jake Heath; Triston Messer; David J. Monoky, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Jake Heath",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jake Heath",
          "normalized_name": "Jake Heath",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Heath has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Triston Messer",
          "normalized_name": "Triston Messer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Messer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David J. Monoky, MD",
          "normalized_name": "David J. Monoky",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Monoky has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jake Heath",
        "Triston Messer",
        "David J. Monoky"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jake Heath; Triston Messer; David J. Monoky, MD",
        "Objective": "To report a case of life-threatening Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities (ARIA) in an APOE4 homozygous patient following Lecanemab treatment and to address the critical lack of standardized protocols for managing high-grade ARIA-E with midline shift.",
        "Background": "Lecanemab, a monoclonal antibody targeting amyloid-beta protofibrils, is approved for early Alzheimer’s disease. While it slows functional decline, ARIA, comprising vasogenic edema (ARIA-E) and microhemorrhage (ARIA-H), remains its most significant adverse effect. Risk is notably higher in APOE4 homozygotes. Current management protocols focus on cessation of therapy but lack standardized guidance for treating severe mass effect or midline shift associated with high-grade ARIA.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 77-year-old APOE4 homozygous female with early-onset Alzheimer’s initiated Lecanemab (10 mg/kg). After two well-tolerated infusions, surveillance FLAIR MRI revealed severe, multi-focal ARIA-E. Despite withholding further doses, the patient later presented with acute headaches, ataxia, and confusion. Imaging demonstrated a 1.0cm midline shift and high-grade ARIA-E. Treatment with high-dose IV Decadron and a six-week steroid taper initially resolved the edema and returned the patient to her neurological baseline. However, the patient subsequently suffered a fatal ARIA-H event, leading to a transition to hospice care.",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores that life-threatening mass effect from ARIA-E can develop rapidly even after Lecanemab is withheld. Severe ARIA (>10cm) may remain clinically silent initially, necessitating strict adherence to surveillance MRI schedules. Furthermore, the subsequent fatal ARIA-H highlights the need for a rigorous risk-benefit analysis in APOE4 homozygous populations and the development of standardized protocols for managing high-grade, symptomatic ARIA.",
        "Disclosures": "Jake Heath: Mr. Heath has nothing to disclose.\nTriston Messer: Mr. Messer has nothing to disclose.\nDavid J. Monoky, MD: Dr. Monoky has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores that life-threatening mass effect from ARIA-E can develop rapidly even after Lecanemab is withheld. Severe ARIA (>10cm) may remain clinically silent initially, necessitating strict adherence to surveillance MRI schedules.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65257",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65257",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 247
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65258",
      "source_id": "65258",
      "abstract_number": "1-083",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-083",
      "title": "Fulminant AQP4-IgG NMOSD Following Dostarlimab, Treated with Ravulizumab",
      "authors": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Wei Ping Kay Ng, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy M. Quek",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Wei Ping Kay Ng, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Wei Ping Kay Ng",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ng has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amy M. Quek",
        "Wei Ping Kay Ng"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "National University Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "National University Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Wei Ping Kay Ng, MD",
        "Affiliations": "National University Hospital",
        "Objective": "To report a case of fulminant aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) precipitated by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.",
        "Background": "Neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur in 1-5% of ICI-treated patients, but AQP4-positive NMOSD remains exceptionally rare. Checkpoint blockade can unmask latent humoral autoimmunity, and the optimal management of fulminant ICI-related NMOSD refractory to first-line immunotherapy is undefined.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report.",
        "Results": "A 53-year-old woman with a 30-year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus received first-cycle carboplatin, paclitaxel and dostarlimab (anti-PD-1) for a high-grade endometrial carcinoma. Sixteen days later she developed right thigh burning paraesthesia, progressing over 5 days to bilateral lower-limb numbness with a T6 sensory level, sequential lower-limb weakness, and persistent hiccups. MRI spine demonstrated diffuse longitudinally extensive enhancement from the craniocervical junction to the conus. CSF showed lymphocytic pleocytosis (WBC 181/µL, protein 1.39 g/L); cytology was negative. She received methylprednisolone 1 g/day and IVIg 2 g/kg. Despite this, weakness progressed and left optic neuritis developed, with MRI showing T2/FLAIR hyperintensity along the left optic nerve to the chiasm. After 6 cycles of plasma exchange, she remained paraplegic with evolving upper-limb involvement. AQP4-IgG returned positive at 1:1000. Intravenous ravulizumab was commenced, after which neurological deterioration halted. Follow-up MRI showed evolution of cord oedema without new lesions, and CSF pleocytosis improved (181 to 28/µL). The endometrial carcinoma progressed without further ICI; salvage chemotherapy (gemcitabine, doxorubicin) failed. The clinical course was complicated by septicaemia, and she died 4 months after neurological onset.",
        "Conclusions": "ICI-triggered AQP4-positive NMOSD can present as fulminant longitudinally extensive myelitis with sequential optic neuritis and area postrema involvement, refractory to steroids, IVIg and plasma exchange. Complement inhibition with ravulizumab achieved disease stabilisation and warrants early consideration when first-line immunotherapy fails, although permanent ICI discontinuation may compromise tumour control.",
        "Disclosures": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS: The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca.\nWei Ping Kay Ng, MD: Dr. Ng has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "ICI-triggered AQP4-positive NMOSD can present as fulminant longitudinally extensive myelitis with sequential optic neuritis and area postrema involvement, refractory to steroids, IVIg and plasma exchange. Complement inhibition with ravulizumab achieved disease stabilisation and warrants early consideration when first-line immunotherapy fails, although permanent ICI discontinuation may compromise tumour control.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65258",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65258",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65259",
      "source_id": "65259",
      "abstract_number": "1-084",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-084",
      "title": "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-associated Triple M Overlap Syndrome, Thyroiditis, and Sjogren’s Syndrome in a Patient with Grave’s Disease and Rectal Adenocarcinoma",
      "authors": "Arman Saied, MD; Amy J. Lin, MD; Anusha Akhai, MD, MBBS; Scott M. Belliston, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Arman Saied, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Arman Saied, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Arman Saied",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saied has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy J. Lin, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amy J. Lin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Sanford Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anusha Akhai, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anusha Akhai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Akhai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott M. Belliston, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Scott M. Belliston",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Sanford",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Belliston has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Arman Saied",
        "Amy J. Lin",
        "Anusha Akhai",
        "Scott M. Belliston"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program",
        "Sanford Health",
        "Sanford"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program",
        "Sanford Health",
        "Sanford"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Arman Saied, MD; Amy J. Lin, MD; Anusha Akhai, MD, MBBS; Scott M. Belliston, DO",
        "Affiliations": "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program\nSanford Health\nSanford",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) play a key role in the treatment of many types of cancers due to their ability to enhance the body’s antitumor immune response. However, these agents also can lead to dysregulation of immune homeostasis, leading to immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) affecting multiple organ systems. Recent literature has suggested that patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease have a higher incidence of IRAEs. Our case expands the profile of concurrent multi-system IRAEs observed with ICI therapy and further supports the association between IRAEs and pre-existing autoimmunity.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "This case presents an 83-year-old female patient with history of Grave’s disease and rectal adenocarcinoma who developed ptosis, diplopia, dysphagia, dysarthria, and weakness that began 6 weeks after starting immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with pembrolizumab. On admission, she was found to have markedly elevated troponin, creatine phosphokinase, and TSH. Her neurologic examination was notable for bilateral exophoria in superior gaze, right abducens nerve palsy, flaccid dysarthria, as well as proximal bilateral upper and lower extremity weakness. Further laboratory workup revealed positive ANA and Anti-SS-B/LA titers, with negative anti-acetylcholine receptor and anti-MuSK antibodies. Her symptoms, in combination with her laboratory workup, were felt to be clinically consistent with concurrent triple M overlap syndrome (myasthenia gravis, myositis, myocarditis), Sjogren’s syndrome, and thyroiditis, so she was started on IVIG, steroids, and levothyroxine. She experienced significant symptomatic improvement during admission.",
        "Conclusions": "While concurrent IRAEs have been recognized with ICI therapy, the simultaneous occurrence of ICI-associated triple M overlap syndrome, Sjogren’s syndrome, and thyroiditis has not been previously reported. This case broadens the current understanding of the diverse autoimmune manifestations that can result from ICI therapy. We also highlight the association between pre-existing autoimmune disease and IRAEs, and propose the need for heightened awareness and monitoring for adverse effects in this population.",
        "Disclosures": "Arman Saied, MD: Dr. Saied has nothing to disclose.\nAmy J. Lin, MD: Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose.\nAnusha Akhai, MD, MBBS: Dr. Akhai has nothing to disclose.\nScott M. Belliston, DO: Dr. Belliston has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "While concurrent IRAEs have been recognized with ICI therapy, the simultaneous occurrence of ICI-associated triple M overlap syndrome, Sjogren’s syndrome, and thyroiditis has not been previously reported. This case broadens the current understanding of the diverse autoimmune manifestations that can result from ICI therapy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65259",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65259",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65260",
      "source_id": "65260",
      "abstract_number": "1-085",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-085",
      "title": "A 79-year-old Man with Subacute Onset Involuntary Facial Movements and Discoordination",
      "authors": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD; Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD; Meabh O'Hare, MD; Galina Gheihman, MD; Giovanna Manzano, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Amara Plaza-Jennings",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Plaza-Jennings has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Prashanth Rajarajan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rajarajan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meabh O'Hare, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Meabh O'Hare",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham & Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. O'Hare has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Galina Gheihman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Galina Gheihman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham & Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gheihman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giovanna Manzano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Giovanna Manzano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amara Plaza-Jennings",
        "Prashanth Rajarajan",
        "Meabh O'Hare",
        "Galina Gheihman",
        "Giovanna Manzano"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Brigham & Women's Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Brigham & Women's Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD; Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD; Meabh O'Hare, MD; Galina Gheihman, MD; Giovanna Manzano, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Brigham and Women's Hospital\nBrigham & Women's Hospital",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "A 79-year-old man with metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma presented one week after receiving pembrolizumab with bilateral upper and lower extremity tremor and nearly continuous involuntary facial movements exacerbated by purposeful movement. One year prior to presentation he also received pembrolizumab and developed mild tremor and dysarthria.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "Exam revealed jerky facial movements that worsened with activation, dysarthria with tremulous speech, intention tremors of the head and extremities, distally diminished vibration sense with hyporeflexia, bilateral upper extremity dysdiadochokinesis, bilateral lower extremity dysmetria, and truncal ataxia. MRI brain showed no acute abnormalities. Lumbar puncture revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis (26 nucleated cells/ml [normal <5], 77% lymphocytes), total protein of 107.3 mg/dL (normal 10-44), and glucose of 166 mg/dL (normal 40-70), which was concordant with serum glucose. Kappa free light chains were 0.501 mg/dl (normal <0.1) without oligoclonal bands. Mayo Clinic Movement Disorder Panels (MDC2, MDS2) were positive for neuronal intermediate filament (NIF) antibodies in both serum (titer 1:122,880, normal <1:240) and CSF (titer ≥1:1,024, normal <1:2) via cell-based assays for alpha internexin, NIF heavy chain, and NIF light chain. He was treated with IV methylprednisolone 1g daily for 5 days followed by oral prednisone taper and IVIG 2g/kg over 4 days with improvement in symptoms.",
        "Conclusions": "This patient met criteria for definite immunotherapy related encephalitis, subtype cerebellitis, associated with NIF autoantibodies. Merkel cell carcinoma can cause paraneoplastic NIF autoimmunity, raising the question of if pre-existing NIF autoimmunity was enhanced by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Though not recognized at the time, he may have had mild cerebellitis after his first dose of pembrolizumab, which primed the immune system and contributed to severe cerebellitis following second pembrolizumab dose. ICI use is becoming more common, and it is important that neurologists recognize and treat neurologic immune related adverse events of ICIs.",
        "Disclosures": "Amara Plaza-Jennings, MD, PhD: Dr. Plaza-Jennings has nothing to disclose.\nPrashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD: Dr. Rajarajan has nothing to disclose.\nMeabh O'Hare, MD: Dr. O'Hare has nothing to disclose.\nGalina Gheihman, MD: Dr. Gheihman has nothing to disclose.\nGiovanna Manzano, MD: Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This patient met criteria for definite immunotherapy related encephalitis, subtype cerebellitis, associated with NIF autoantibodies. Merkel cell carcinoma can cause paraneoplastic NIF autoimmunity, raising the question of if pre-existing NIF autoimmunity was enhanced by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65260",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65260",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65261",
      "source_id": "65261",
      "abstract_number": "1-086",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-086",
      "title": "ICI Associated Anti-Ma-2 Positive Limbic Encephalitis with Horizontal Ocular Flutter and Dysautonomia in the Setting of Renal Cell Carcinoma",
      "authors": "Stuart J. Duffield; Osman Corbali, MD; Julien Cavanagh, MD; Spencer Hutto, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Stuart J. Duffield",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Stuart J. Duffield",
          "normalized_name": "Stuart J. Duffield",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Duffield has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Osman Corbali, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Osman Corbali",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Corbali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Julien Cavanagh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Julien Cavanagh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cavanagh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Spencer Hutto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Stuart J. Duffield",
        "Osman Corbali",
        "Julien Cavanagh",
        "Spencer Hutto"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory University",
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory University",
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Stuart J. Duffield; Osman Corbali, MD; Julien Cavanagh, MD; Spencer Hutto, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Emory University\nEmory University: Neurology Residency Program",
        "Objective": "To describe a rare presentation of immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) associated limbic encephalitis with horizontal ocular flutter and dysautonomia in the setting of renal cell carcinoma.",
        "Background": "ICIs can trigger or unmask paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) through immune system activation, including anti-Ma2 encephalitis, a rare paraneoplastic syndrome that is most commonly associated with testicular and lung cancers. Typical clinical presentation involves limbic, diencephalic, and/or brainstem dysfunction, and rarely opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Association with renal cancer, as well as presentation with either dysautonomia or ocular flutter, is rare.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 67-year-old woman with renal cell carcinoma developed 6 weeks of progressive cognitive decline beginning 3 weeks after initiation of ipilimumab/nivolumab. Examination revealed disorientation, impaired attention, and deficits in short- and long-term memory without focal motor findings. Initial brain MRI was unrevealing. Possible metabolic and infectious etiologies were treated without improvement. During hospitalization, she developed facial twitching with EEG demonstrating bilateral temporal epileptiform discharges. She subsequently developed horizontal ocular flutter followed by autonomic instability including hypotension, hypothermia, bradycardia, and complete heart block requiring ICU transfer. Myocarditis was excluded. CSF demonstrated pleocytosis (10 cells/µL) and elevated protein (68 mg/dL). Repeat MRI showed T2/FLAIR hyperintensities involving the amygdala, bilateral basal ganglia, and hypothalamus. Given high suspicion for ICI-associated encephalitis, IV methylprednisolone and plasmapheresis were initiated empirically prior to antibody confirmation. CSF later returned positive for anti-Ma2 antibodies. She had resolution of autonomic instability and partial cognitive improvement (9/30 to 16/30 on MOCA). Care was ultimately transitioned to palliation, and she died from other complications of her disease shortly thereafter.",
        "Conclusions": "This case represents a rare presentation of ICI-associated anti-Ma2 encephalitis in renal cell carcinoma, with unusual features including isolated horizontal ocular flutter without ataxia or myoclonus and severe dysautonomia. Early recognition of ICI-associated PNS and empiric immunotherapy are critical to avoid treatment delays.",
        "Disclosures": "Stuart J. Duffield: Mr. Duffield has nothing to disclose.\nOsman Corbali, MD: Mr. Corbali has nothing to disclose.\nJulien Cavanagh, MD: Dr. Cavanagh has nothing to disclose.\nSpencer Hutto, MD: Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case represents a rare presentation of ICI-associated anti-Ma2 encephalitis in renal cell carcinoma, with unusual features including isolated horizontal ocular flutter without ataxia or myoclonus and severe dysautonomia. Early recognition of ICI-associated PNS and empiric immunotherapy are critical to avoid treatment delays.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65261",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65261",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65262",
      "source_id": "65262",
      "abstract_number": "1-066",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-066",
      "title": "Vestibular Migraine in a 74-year-old Woman with Graves’ Disease and Meningioma",
      "authors": "Sylvia Tanumihardja, MD; Yetty Ramli, MD, PhD; Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, MD; Diatri Nari Lastri, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sylvia Tanumihardja, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sylvia Tanumihardja, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sylvia Tanumihardja",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Maranatha Christian University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Tanumihardja has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yetty Ramli, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Yetty Ramli",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medical Faculty Universitas Indonesia",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ramli has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Pukovisa Prawiroharjo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Departemen Neurologi RSCM",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prawiroharjo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Diatri Nari Lastri, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Diatri Nari Lastri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lastri has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sylvia Tanumihardja",
        "Yetty Ramli",
        "Pukovisa Prawiroharjo",
        "Diatri Nari Lastri"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Maranatha Christian University",
        "Medical Faculty Universitas Indonesia",
        "Departemen Neurologi RSCM"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Maranatha Christian University",
        "Medical Faculty Universitas Indonesia",
        "Departemen Neurologi RSCM"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sylvia Tanumihardja, MD; Yetty Ramli, MD, PhD; Pukovisa Prawiroharjo, MD; Diatri Nari Lastri, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Maranatha Christian University\nMedical Faculty Universitas Indonesia\nDepartemen Neurologi RSCM",
        "Objective": "To assess how thyroid and immune fluctuations relate to neurological symptoms, especially vestibular dysfunction, and the role of meningioma in an elderly Graves’ disease patient.",
        "Background": "Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the thyroid gland but may also involve extrathyroidal and neurological manifestations through complex neuro-immune-endocrine interactions. Patients may develop ophthalmopathy, vestibular dysfunction, and neurological symptoms that are multifactorial and difficult to interpret clinically. These challenges become more significant when intracranial abnormalities, such as meningioma, coexist. Understanding the relationship between thyroid dysfunction, immune activity, and neurological symptoms is essential for accurate diagnosis and management.",
        "Design/Methods": "We report a 74 year old woman with Graves’ disease status post radioiodine ablation, complicated by Graves’ ophthalmopathy, a left parietal extra axial meningioma, and vestibular dysfunction. A descriptive longitudinal evaluation was performed using detailed history taking, serial neurological examinations, brain imaging, and repeated thyroid function tests, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), over more than one year. The analysis focused on correlating fluctuations in thyroid function with neurological symptom dynamics.",
        "Results": "The patient demonstrated marked variability in thyroid function, ranging from severe hyperthyroidism (TSH <0.01 µIU/mL with FT4 up to 5.17 ng/dL) to hypothyroid phases (TSH up to 12.10 µIU/mL with low FT4). Periods of hyperthyroidism and increased autoimmune activity were associated with episodic vertigo consistent with vestibular migraine, along with balance disturbances and recurrent falls. As thyroid function stabilized and ophthalmopathy became inactive, vestibular symptoms improved significantly. The meningioma remained stable without progressive focal deficits and was considered a structural comorbidity. Residual balance impairment was likely related to chronic small vessel disease and peripheral polyneuropathy.",
        "Conclusions": "This case illustrates a neuro-immune-endocrine interplay in Graves’ disease, where autoimmune dysregulation creates a proinflammatory, hormone sensitive environment influencing multiple systems. An integrated approach is crucial for managing complex neurological presentations in such patients",
        "Disclosures": "Sylvia Tanumihardja, MD: Dr. Tanumihardja has nothing to disclose.\nYetty Ramli, MD, PhD: Dr. Ramli has nothing to disclose.\nPukovisa Prawiroharjo, MD: Dr. Prawiroharjo has nothing to disclose.\nDiatri Nari Lastri, MD: Dr. Lastri has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case illustrates a neuro-immune-endocrine interplay in Graves’ disease, where autoimmune dysregulation creates a proinflammatory, hormone sensitive environment influencing multiple systems. An integrated approach is crucial for managing complex neurological presentations in such patients",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65262",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65262",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65263",
      "source_id": "65263",
      "abstract_number": "1-088",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-088",
      "title": "Uncovering Infections in NMOSD: A U.S. Real-world Comparison Between Broad Immunosuppressants and Targeted Immunotherapy",
      "authors": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Mattia Wruble, MD; Phuong Phan, PharmD; Michael Blackowicz, PhD; Emma Weiskopf, MD; Ashwin Anand, MPH; Mike Sicilia; Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mattia Wruble, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mattia Wruble",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Phuong Phan, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Phuong Phan, PharmD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Phan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of AstraZeneca. Ms. Phan has or had stock in AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Blackowicz, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Blackowicz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackowicz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Blackowicz has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emma Weiskopf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Emma Weiskopf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Weiskopf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Weiskopf has or had stock in Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashwin Anand, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Ashwin Anand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Anand has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mike Sicilia",
          "normalized_name": "Mike Sicilia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Sicilia has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Forian, Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Shamik Bhattacharyya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NeuroLambda. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Continuum. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from National Institute of Health. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau",
        "Mattia Wruble",
        "Phuong Phan, PharmD",
        "Michael Blackowicz",
        "Emma Weiskopf",
        "Ashwin Anand",
        "Mike Sicilia",
        "Shamik Bhattacharyya"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "Alexion",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Massachusetts General Hospital",
        "Alexion",
        "Alexion Pharmaceuticals",
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD; Mattia Wruble, MD; Phuong Phan, PharmD; Michael Blackowicz, PhD; Emma Weiskopf, MD; Ashwin Anand, MPH; Mike Sicilia; Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Massachusetts General Hospital\nAlexion\nAlexion Pharmaceuticals\nBrigham and Women's Hospital",
        "Objective": "This study compares frequency of infection among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) receiving azathioprine, mycophenolate, rituximab, inebilizumab, satralizumab, or ravulizumab.",
        "Background": "MOSD causes debilitating relapses which can result in severe disability. Long-term treatment with immunomodulatory therapies is required to prevent relapses and disability accrual. Several newer FDA-approved biologic therapies are increasingly used, though treatment with longer standing non-FDA approved therapies remains common. Long-term data on real-world infection risk are limited, which makes evidence-based treatment selection challenging for clinicians.",
        "Design/Methods": "This retrospective cohort study used CHRONOS hybrid claims data ecosystem to identify adult patients with NMOSD between January 2017 and December 2025. Patients were followed for at least 1 year from first NMOSD treatment and classified into treatment groups of azathioprine, mycophenolate, rituximab, inebilizumab, satralizumab, or ravulizumab. Infection rates were estimated using generalized estimating equations to calculate infection incidence rate ratio (IRR) versus ravulizumab, adjusted for variable treatment duration, age, sex, prior B-cell therapy duration, Charlson comorbidity index, and history of transverse myelitis.",
        "Results": "A total of 5,391 patients with NMOSD were treated with at least one of azathioprine (n=507), mycophenolate (n=992), rituximab (n=3460), inebilizumab (n=603), satralizumab (n=344), or ravulizumab (n=215) during their follow-up for 6,121 unique patient treatment periods after accounting for treatment switches. Compared to ravulizumab, azathioprine demonstrated the highest relative infection rate (IRR 1.94, 95% CI 1.52-2.47, p<0.001), followed by mycophenolate (IRR 1.80, 95% CI 1.46-2.23, p<0.001), rituximab (IRR 1.73, 95% CI 1.41-2.11, p<0.001), satralizumab (IRR 1.60, 95% CI 1.23-2.07, p<0.001), and inebilizumab (IRR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05-1.64, p=0.019).",
        "Conclusions": "This real-world study demonstrated higher infection rates in broader immunosuppressive therapies used for long-term treatment in patients with NMOSD relative to a more targeted FDA-approved complement inhibitor, ravulizumab. These findings may help inform clinical decision making for those who take care of patients living with NMOSD.",
        "Disclosures": "Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD: The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Department of Defense. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The institution of Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from Ann Theodore Foundation. Dr. Bilodeau has received research support from The MOG Project.\nMattia Wruble, MD: The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Alexion. The institution of Dr. Wruble has received research support from Roche.\nPhuong Phan, PharmD: Ms. Phan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of AstraZeneca. Ms. Phan has or had stock in AstraZeneca.\nMichael Blackowicz, PhD: Dr. Blackowicz has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Blackowicz has stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals.\nEmma Weiskopf, MD: Dr. Weiskopf has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Dr. Weiskopf has or had stock in Alexion Astrazeneca Rare Disease.\nAshwin Anand, MPH: Mr. Anand has nothing to disclose.\nMike Sicilia: Mr. Sicilia has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Forian, Inc.\nShamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN: Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NeuroLambda. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Continuum. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wiley. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Merck. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Alexion Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from National Institute of Health. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Bhattacharyya has received research support from TG Therapeutics. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Bhattacharyya has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This real-world study demonstrated higher infection rates in broader immunosuppressive therapies used for long-term treatment in patients with NMOSD relative to a more targeted FDA-approved complement inhibitor, ravulizumab. These findings may help inform clinical decision making for those who take care of patients living with NMOSD.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65263",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65263",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 329
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65264",
      "source_id": "65264",
      "abstract_number": "1-089",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-089",
      "title": "KLHL11-IgG Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome Across the Adult Lifespan: Clinical Spectrum and Cancer Associations",
      "authors": "Marina Buciuc, MD; Nimalan Harinesan, MBBS; Yong Guo; Haidara Kherbek, MD; Ehab Y. Harahsheh, MBBS; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Bardia Nourbakhsh, MD; Greer Waldrop, MD; Sepideh Mokhtari, MD; Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS; Shannon Hinson; Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Marina Buciuc, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Marina Buciuc, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marina Buciuc",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Buciuc has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nimalan Harinesan, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Nimalan Harinesan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Harinesan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yong Guo",
          "normalized_name": "Yong Guo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Yong Guo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Haidara Kherbek, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Haidara Kherbek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Haidara Kherbek has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ehab Y. Harahsheh, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Ehab Y. Harahsheh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Harahsheh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bardia Nourbakhsh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bardia Nourbakhsh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nourbakhsh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Nourbakhsh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alkermes. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from National MS Society . The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from Axsome Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from TG Therapeutics ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Greer Waldrop, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Greer Waldrop",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Delve Bio. Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sepideh Mokhtari, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sepideh Mokhtari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Moffitt Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mokhtari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rajesh K. Gupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UTHealth",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shannon Hinson",
          "normalized_name": "Shannon Hinson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Shannon Hinson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Shannon Hinson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael R. Wilson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ouro Medicines. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Indapta Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Delve Bio. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cambridge Medical Experts. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Dunham Hallmark. Dr. Wilson has stock in Delve Bio. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Genentech / Roche. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Fanconi Anemia Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert Witness with US Dept of Justice."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Marina Buciuc",
        "Nimalan Harinesan",
        "Yong Guo",
        "Haidara Kherbek",
        "Ehab Y. Harahsheh",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Bardia Nourbakhsh",
        "Greer Waldrop",
        "Sepideh Mokhtari",
        "Rajesh K. Gupta",
        "Shannon Hinson",
        "Michael R. Wilson",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Johns Hopkins University",
        "Moffitt Cancer Center",
        "UTHealth",
        "University of California San Francisco",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Johns Hopkins University",
        "Moffitt Cancer Center",
        "UTHealth",
        "University of California San Francisco",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Marina Buciuc, MD; Nimalan Harinesan, MBBS; Yong Guo; Haidara Kherbek, MD; Ehab Y. Harahsheh, MBBS; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Bardia Nourbakhsh, MD; Greer Waldrop, MD; Sepideh Mokhtari, MD; Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS; Shannon Hinson; Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic\nJohns Hopkins University\nMoffitt Cancer Center\nUTHealth\nUniversity of California San Francisco\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To characterize the clinical spectrum, cancer associations, and outcomes of Kelch-like protein 11 (KLHL11)-IgG-associated paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome (PNS) across the adult lifespan.",
        "Background": "KLHL11-IgG is a rare antibody associated with paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis, classically described in young males with testicular seminoma. Emerging data suggest a broader age distribution and associations with non-testicular malignancies.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study of KLHL11-IgG-positive patients. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and laboratory data were analyzed. Patients with symptom onset ≥50 years were classified as late-onset. LUZP4-IgG testing was performed using ELISA where available.",
        "Results": "Eighty-eight patients were included (median age of onset 48 years [IQR 39-62], 89% male), of whom 41 (47%) with late-onset disease. Core clinical features reflected brainstem-cerebellar dysfunction, including ataxia (79%), diplopia (60%), vertigo (56%), nystagmus (52%), and dysarthria/dysphagia (49%). Additional manifestations included sensorineural hearing loss (37%), limbic encephalitis (20%), myelopathy (10%), and motor neuronopathy (8%). Male predominance was lower in late-onset cases (78% vs 98%, p =0.005). Both groups had high associations with malignancy (74% in late-onset vs 66% in younger cohorts). Younger patients almost exclusively had seminoma (94% vs 45%, p =0.0089), whereas non-testicular cancers were frequent in late-onset cases (16/28, 55%, most frequent were Merkel cell carcinoma. 4/16[25%] and prostate cancer 5/16 [31%]), and absent in younger patients ( p <0.0001). Clinical presentation, immunotherapy response, and survival were similar between groups, with most patients experiencing persistent disability (mRS ≥3 in 77% at last follow-up). LUZP4-IgG was detected in 14/39 (36%) cases and was associated with seminoma/regressed testicular tumors ( p =0.0283), with no cases identified in non-testicular cancers.",
        "Conclusions": "KLHL11-IgG PNS presents with a characteristic rhombencephalitis-predominant syndrome across the adult lifespan and is associated with substantial long-term disability. While seminoma predominates in younger men, non-testicular malignancies are common in older patients. LUZP4-IgG appears specific to testicular germ cell tumor-related disease and is not associated with non-testicular cancers.",
        "Disclosures": "Marina Buciuc, MD: Dr. Buciuc has nothing to disclose.\nNimalan Harinesan, MBBS: Dr. Harinesan has nothing to disclose.\nYong Guo: Yong Guo has nothing to disclose.\nHaidara Kherbek, MD: Haidara Kherbek has nothing to disclose.\nEhab Y. Harahsheh, MBBS: Dr. Harahsheh has nothing to disclose.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nBardia Nourbakhsh, MD: Dr. Nourbakhsh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Nourbakhsh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alkermes. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from Genentech. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from National MS Society . The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from Axsome Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Nourbakhsh has received research support from TG Therapeutics .\nGreer Waldrop, MD: Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Delve Bio. Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech.\nSepideh Mokhtari, MD: Dr. Mokhtari has nothing to disclose.\nRajesh K. Gupta, MBBS: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nShannon Hinson: Shannon Hinson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Shannon Hinson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nMichael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN: Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ouro Medicines. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Indapta Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Delve Bio. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cambridge Medical Experts. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Dunham Hallmark. Dr. Wilson has stock in Delve Bio. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Genentech / Roche. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Fanconi Anemia Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert Witness with US Dept of Justice.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "KLHL11-IgG PNS presents with a characteristic rhombencephalitis-predominant syndrome across the adult lifespan and is associated with substantial long-term disability. While seminoma predominates in younger men, non-testicular malignancies are common in older patients. LUZP4-IgG appears specific to testicular germ cell tumor-related disease and is not associated with non-testicular cancers.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65264",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65264",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 315
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65265",
      "source_id": "65265",
      "abstract_number": "1-090",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-090",
      "title": "Cochlear Implantation in KLHL11 IgG Associated Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Sound Detection Without Consistent Speech Perception",
      "authors": "Pranjal Gupta, MD; Scott D. Eggers, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Matthew Carlson, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Pranjal Gupta, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Pranjal Gupta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Pranjal Gupta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott D. Eggers, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Scott D. Eggers",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Eggers has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Matthew Carlson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Matthew Carlson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Carlson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Pranjal Gupta",
        "Scott D. Eggers",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Matthew Carlson",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Pranjal Gupta, MD; Scott D. Eggers, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Matthew Carlson, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the utility of cochlear implantation in patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) associated with Kelch like protein 11 (KLHL11) IgG paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome (PNS).",
        "Background": "SNHL is a frequent manifestation of KLHL11 IgG associated PNS and leads to significant morbidity. The role of cochlear implantation, in addition to immune therapy, in this population remains unknown.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a retrospective chart review (January 2000 - January 2026) to identify patients with KLHL11 IgG associated SNHL who underwent cochlear implantation.",
        "Results": "Among 65 patients with KLHL11 IgG, 29 (44%) had SNHL. Of these, five (17%; all male; median age 37 years (range 21-64)) underwent cochlear implantation (3 unilateral, 2 bilateral ears). SNHL was the initial manifestation in 3 of 5 patients (60%), and all had rhombencephalitis. Testicular seminoma was identified in one patient, anterior mediastinal mass in one and three had regressed testicular germ cell tumor or testicular microcalcification. All patients received corticosteroids, and three (60%) received second-line immunotherapy. The median interval from hearing loss to cochlear implantation was 30.5 months (range 10-48). The median mRS score remained 4 (range: 3-4) from the time of cochlear implantation through the last follow up. All patients had profound hearing loss (median pure tone average of the three most affected frequencies: 110 dB (range 80-120). Following cochlear implantation, two patients achieved open-set speech perception (including one with preserved pre-implantation speech perception). Sound awareness improved in all.",
        "Conclusions": "Data from this case series suggest that cochlear implantation improves sound awareness. It may restore open-set speech perception in patients with preserved pre-implantation speech perception, thus supporting auditory pathway dysfunction beyond cochlea.",
        "Disclosures": "Pranjal Gupta, MD: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nScott D. Eggers, MD: Dr. Eggers has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMatthew Carlson, MD: Dr. Carlson has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Data from this case series suggest that cochlear implantation improves sound awareness. It may restore open-set speech perception in patients with preserved pre-implantation speech perception, thus supporting auditory pathway dysfunction beyond cochlea.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65265",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65265",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 263
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65266",
      "source_id": "65266",
      "abstract_number": "1-091",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-091",
      "title": "Clinical Predictors of Survival and Disability in PCA1 Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration",
      "authors": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD; Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha; Hannah Zhao-Fleming, MD, PhD; Andrew Lamade, MD, PhD; Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Amy Kunchok, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Health System",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thakolwiboon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha",
          "normalized_name": "Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Ongphichetmetha has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hannah Zhao-Fleming, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Hannah Zhao-Fleming",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zhao-Fleming has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Lamade, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Lamade",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cleveland Clinic Foundation",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lamade has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nanthaya Tisavipat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Miss Tisavipat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John R. Mills",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy Kunchok, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy Kunchok",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kunchok has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology:Open Access Journal ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Smathorn Thakolwiboon",
        "Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha",
        "Hannah Zhao-Fleming",
        "Andrew Lamade",
        "Nanthaya Tisavipat",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "John R. Mills",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Amy Kunchok"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic Health System",
        "Cleveland Clinic Foundation",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Cleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic Health System",
        "Cleveland Clinic Foundation",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Cleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD; Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha; Hannah Zhao-Fleming, MD, PhD; Andrew Lamade, MD, PhD; Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Amy Kunchok, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic Health System\nCleveland Clinic Foundation\nMayo Clinic\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nCleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre",
        "Objective": "To investigate clinical and treatment-related factors associated with outcomes of Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody Type 1 (PCA1) paraneoplastic autoimmunity.",
        "Background": "Factors associated with outcomes in this rare disorder are poorly understood.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective review of 54 patients with PCA1 paraneoplastic autoimmunity identified at two tertiary autoimmune neurology referral centers from July 2000 through June 2023. The primary outcome was time to death, and secondary outcomes included wheelchair dependence and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥4 at last follow up. We used Cox regression for mortality and Firth penalized logistic regression for disability outcomes.",
        "Results": "The median age at onset was 61 years (interquartile range [IQR] 52-67); 53 patients (98%) were female; 42 (78%) had breast or other gynecologic malignancies. Median follow-up was 39 months (IQR 15-69). Twenty-three patients (43%) died at a median of 32 months (IQR 14-63). At last follow-up, 39 (74%) were wheelchair-bound and 42 (78%) had mRS ≥4. Older age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.50 per decade, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.50-4.18, p<0.001) whereas cyclophosphamide use (aHR 0.33, 95%CI 0.12-0.93, p=0.036) were independently associated with lower mortality. For disability outcomes, CSF pleocytosis was independently associated with wheelchair dependence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 12.5, 95%CI 1.19-131.96, p=0.011). No factor was associated with mRS ≥4 at the last visit in multivariate analysis, and cancer type was not associated with any outcome.",
        "Conclusions": "Older age was associated with worse survival, while CSF pleocytosis was associated with severe disability, suggesting a potential role for cell-mediated inflammation in disease progression. Cyclophosphamide was associated with improved survival. These findings highlight potential prognostic markers and therapeutic signals in PCA1 paraneoplastic autoimmunity; however, validation in larger cohorts is warranted.",
        "Disclosures": "Smathorn Thakolwiboon, MD: Dr. Thakolwiboon has nothing to disclose.\nTatchaporn Ongphichetmetha: Miss Ongphichetmetha has nothing to disclose.\nHannah Zhao-Fleming, MD, PhD: Dr. Zhao-Fleming has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew Lamade, MD, PhD: Dr. Lamade has nothing to disclose.\nNanthaya Tisavipat, MD: Miss Tisavipat has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJohn R. Mills, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAmy Kunchok, MBBS: Dr. Kunchok has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology:Open Access Journal ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Older age was associated with worse survival, while CSF pleocytosis was associated with severe disability, suggesting a potential role for cell-mediated inflammation in disease progression. Cyclophosphamide was associated with improved survival. These findings highlight potential prognostic markers and therapeutic signals in PCA1 paraneoplastic autoimmunity; however, validation in larger cohorts is warranted.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65266",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65266",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 289
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65267",
      "source_id": "65267",
      "abstract_number": "1-092",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-092",
      "title": "Multiple Cranial Neuropathies and Multifocal Central Nervous System Lesions Associated with Lymphocyte Variant Hypereosinophilic Syndrome",
      "authors": "Katherine Russell, DO; Danielle Pitter, MD; Spencer Hutto, MD; Conor Kelly, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Katherine Russell, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Katherine Russell, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Katherine Russell",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Russell has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Danielle Pitter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Spencer Hutto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Conor Kelly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Conor Kelly",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kelly has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Katherine Russell",
        "Danielle Pitter",
        "Spencer Hutto",
        "Conor Kelly"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Katherine Russell, DO; Danielle Pitter, MD; Spencer Hutto, MD; Conor Kelly, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
        "Objective": "To describe a novel case of multifocal brain lesions and multiple cranial neuropathies associated with lymphocyte variant hypereosinophilic syndrome (L-HES).",
        "Background": "Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are characterized by persistent eosinophilia causing end-organ damage in the absence of other explanations. L-HES results from an aberrant clonal T-cell population that over-produces cytokines that promote eosinophilia (particularly interleukin-5), leading to a variety of systemic manifestations, most commonly cutaneous, with neurologic manifestations rarely reported (primarily stroke and aseptic meningitis).",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 57-year-old female with L-HES on oral prednisone initially presented with focal neurologic symptoms consistent with left cranial nerve V and VII neuropathies and was treated with a prednisone taper and valacyclovir. Eight months later, she developed left optic neuritis and was found to have multiple intracranial T2 FLAIR hyperintense lesions on MRI, some associated with microhemorrhages. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing revealed a lymphocytic pleocytosis, with normal protein and negative oligoclonal bands. She was treated with pulse dose steroids with partial improvement in symptoms and started on mepolizumab the following month. Nine months after her presentation with optic neuritis, she presented with cognitive difficulties, headaches, gait disturbance, and recurrent optic neuritis. MRI revealed new T2 hyperintense lesions, some with incomplete ring enhancement, a new microhemorrhage, and left optic nerve enhancement. CSF flow cytometry revealed the same T-cell clonal population in the serum attributed to her L-HES. She was treated with IV methylprednisolone followed by a prolonged prednisone taper, with 1 month interval MRI demonstrating near resolution of lesions. Peginterferon alfa-2a was added to her regimen with sustained improvement at five month follow up.",
        "Conclusions": "This case presents rarely documented neurological manifestations of L-HES. Peginterferon alfa-2a, an activator of JAK-STAT signaling, may also prove useful in medically refractory cases with neurologic disease via its antiproliferative effects.",
        "Disclosures": "Katherine Russell, DO: Dr. Russell has nothing to disclose.\nDanielle Pitter, MD: Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose.\nSpencer Hutto, MD: Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose.\nConor Kelly, MD: Dr. Kelly has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case presents rarely documented neurological manifestations of L-HES. Peginterferon alfa-2a, an activator of JAK-STAT signaling, may also prove useful in medically refractory cases with neurologic disease via its antiproliferative effects.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65267",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65267",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 289
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65268",
      "source_id": "65268",
      "abstract_number": "1-093",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-093",
      "title": "Positive for What, Exactly? Rethinking Paraneoplastic Panels at a Canadian Centre",
      "authors": "Alex Vu, MD; Shaza Almweisheer, MBBS; Megan A. Yaraskavitch, MD; Christopher Hahn, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Alex Vu, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alex Vu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alex Vu",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UCalgary",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shaza Almweisheer, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Shaza Almweisheer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Almweisheer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Megan A. Yaraskavitch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Megan A. Yaraskavitch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alberta Health Services",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yaraskavitch has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Allergan, an AbbVie Company."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher Hahn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher Hahn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Alberta Health Services",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hahn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Akcea. Dr. Hahn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Anylim."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alex Vu",
        "Shaza Almweisheer",
        "Megan A. Yaraskavitch",
        "Christopher Hahn"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UCalgary",
        "Alberta Health Services"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UCalgary",
        "Alberta Health Services"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alex Vu, MD; Shaza Almweisheer, MBBS; Megan A. Yaraskavitch, MD; Christopher Hahn, MD",
        "Affiliations": "UCalgary\nAlberta Health Services",
        "Objective": "To characterize the ordering patterns of paraneoplastic antibody panels in all medical practitioners in Calgary, Alberta, Canada and implement quality improvement initiatives to improve ordering adherence to the 2021 Updated Diagnostic Criteria for Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes.",
        "Background": "Paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) are inflammatory disorders of the nervous system triggered by an underlying malignancy. Neuronal antibody testing is an essential diagnostic tool for PNS. However, over-reliance on autoantibody testing with inconsistent clinical presentations can result in false positive test results. Incomplete autoantibody testing between CSF and serum samples and incomplete malignancy screening can lead to diagnostic uncertainty and missed diagnoses.",
        "Design/Methods": "Electronic medical records (EMR) were screened for adult patients in Calgary who had paraneoplastic antibody panels sent from December 2024 - June 2025. Charts were reviewed for presentation type, paired serum/CSF testing, malignancy screening, and false positive rates based on the 2021 paraneoplastic diagnostic guidelines. Interventions to improve adherence to guidelines included education rounds to neurologists and oncologists and EMR ordering requirements. Analysis of a 6-month period after these interventions is ongoing.",
        "Results": "Pre-intervention analysis shows that 262 patients had paraneoplastic antibody tests sent from December 2024 - June 2025. 14.9% (39/262) of patients had a presentation-type that was consistent with a high- or intermediate-risk PNS presentations. 38.1% (100/262) had paired serum-CSF testing. 20.2% (53/262) had complete malignancy screening. 10.3% (27/262) of patients had positive antibody testing, of which 88.9% (24/27) were false positives.",
        "Conclusions": "The ordering patterns for paraneoplastic antibody testing in Calgary, Alberta shows that a low percentage of patients being tested have a consistent paraneoplastic presentation type resulting in a high false-positive rate. When these panels are being sent there is incomplete testing of serum/CSF paired samples and malignancy screening. Paraneoplastic antibody testing requires ongoing quality improvement to improve adherence rate to published guidelines. Further analysis post-quality improvement interventions is ongoing.",
        "Disclosures": "Alex Vu, MD: Dr. Vu has nothing to disclose.\nShaza Almweisheer, MBBS: Dr. Almweisheer has nothing to disclose.\nMegan A. Yaraskavitch, MD: Dr. Yaraskavitch has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Allergan, an AbbVie Company.\nChristopher Hahn, MD: Dr. Hahn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Akcea. Dr. Hahn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Anylim."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The ordering patterns for paraneoplastic antibody testing in Calgary, Alberta shows that a low percentage of patients being tested have a consistent paraneoplastic presentation type resulting in a high false-positive rate. When these panels are being sent there is incomplete testing of serum/CSF paired samples and malignancy screening.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65268",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65268",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 310
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65269",
      "source_id": "65269",
      "abstract_number": "1-094",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-094",
      "title": "Adult-onset Relapse of Pediatric-onset Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia Syndrome: A Case Series",
      "authors": "Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Samantha Banks, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nanthaya Tisavipat",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Miss Tisavipat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samantha Banks, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Samantha Banks",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Banks has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nanthaya Tisavipat",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Samantha Banks"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Samantha Banks, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of adults with relapse of pediatric-onset paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS).",
        "Background": "Paraneoplastic OMAS associated with neuroblastoma is classically described in children. Adult-onset relapses are rare with scarce data.",
        "Design/Methods": "Patients with pediatric-onset paraneoplastic OMAS seen in the Mayo Clinic Autoimmune Neurology clinic with relapse at age > 18 years between 1/2005 and 3/2026 were identified by retrospective chart review.",
        "Results": "Case 1: An 18-year-old white female with neuroblastoma-associated OMAS (onset age 15 months) with antineuronal nuclear antibody type-1 antibody (ANNA-1/anti-Hu, titer 1:122,880) and autoimmune epilepsy, developed chronic progressive severe intestinal pseudo-obstruction at age 14 status post subtotal colectomy with end ileostomy requiring total parenteral nutrition, followed by OMAS relapse at age 18. Two years of evaluation for tumor including DOTATATE and FDG PET-CTs did not demonstrate tumor recurrence. She received intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) with mild improvement, but had recurrent bowel pseudo-obstruction upon transitioning to mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY) was started for 6 months with significant improvement of oral intake, but her symptoms again worsened with MMF, and rituximab was added. Her opsoclonus and mild ataxia persisted. Case 2: A 38-year-old white female with paraspinal ganglioneuroblastoma-associated OMAS (onset age 2 years) and Crohn’s disease on ustekinumab developed OMAS relapse with cognitive impairment and mood changes. No tumor was seen on whole body DOTATATE and FDG PET-CT over 2 years of monitoring. Serum and CSF paraneoplastic neural antibody panels were negative. She received IVMP, followed by IVCY for 6 months with near resolution of all symptoms. She was then transitioned to MMF with minimal residual symptoms.",
        "Conclusions": "Children with paraneoplastic OMAS due to neuroblastoma/ganglioneuroblastoma may rarely relapse in adulthood despite prior remission and without tumor recurrence, which may implicate a role of memory T cells.",
        "Disclosures": "Nanthaya Tisavipat, MD: Miss Tisavipat has nothing to disclose.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSamantha Banks, MD: Dr. Banks has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Children with paraneoplastic OMAS due to neuroblastoma/ganglioneuroblastoma may rarely relapse in adulthood despite prior remission and without tumor recurrence, which may implicate a role of memory T cells.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65269",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65269",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65270",
      "source_id": "65270",
      "abstract_number": "1-095",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-095",
      "title": "TRIM9 Antibody-mediated Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration: Diagnostic Implications of a Rare Phenotype",
      "authors": "Christopher Hogge, MD; Charles J. Kidd, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Christopher Hogge, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Christopher Hogge, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher Hogge",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hogge has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Charles J. Kidd, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Charles J. Kidd",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Eisenhower ARMY medical center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kidd has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Christopher Hogge",
        "Charles J. Kidd"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Eisenhower ARMY medical center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Eisenhower ARMY medical center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Christopher Hogge, MD; Charles J. Kidd, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Eisenhower ARMY medical center",
        "Objective": "To present a rare case of TRIM9 antibody-mediated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD), highlighting the diagnostic journey, treatment response, and imaging findings.",
        "Background": "Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein 9 and 67 are recently characterized autoantibody targets identified in fewer than 15 PCD cases. Associated cancers include lung adenocarcinoma, melanoma, breast cancer, and small-cell lung cancer, frequently with metastatic disease at PCD onset. Cases are generally treatment-resistant. MRI findings are highly variable. Although the predominant phenotype is a pan-cerebellar syndrome, limbic encephalitis has also been reported.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 66-year-old man with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, diagnosed two years prior, presented with subacute pancerebellar syndrome. CSF showed mild lymphocytic pleocytosis. Initial serum paraneoplastic testing returned positive GABA-B titers (1:15360), though CSF titers were significantly lower (<1:240). Co-existing Calmodulin Kinase-like Vesicle-Associated (CAMKV) and TRIM9 antibodies were identified on a research basis. Treatment with IVIg, corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and rituximab produced no meaningful neurological improvement. Serial MRIs demonstrated progressive diffuse cerebellar atrophy without enhancing lesions. The patient remains alive 2 years after symptom onset, although severely debilitated with a Modified Rankin Scale of 4.",
        "Conclusions": "This case adds to the limited clinical characterization of TRIM9 antibody-mediated PCD. Consistent with prior reports, our patient had metastatic lung adenocarcinoma at diagnosis, reinforcing the association between tumor burden and type with this antibody. The treatment-resistant course underscores the poor prognosis. Notably, the co-occurrence of CAMKV and GABA-B antibodies with TRIM9 has not been previously described. Furthermore, neither CAMKV nor GABA-B have been associated with an isolated PCD phenotype, reinforcing the pathogenic role of TRIM9 in this presentation. The initial reported GABA-B titers highlights the importance of critically evaluating antibody panel results when clinical presentation and antibody phenotype are discordant.",
        "Disclosures": "Christopher Hogge, MD: Dr. Hogge has nothing to disclose.\nCharles J. Kidd, MD: Dr. Kidd has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case adds to the limited clinical characterization of TRIM9 antibody-mediated PCD. Consistent with prior reports, our patient had metastatic lung adenocarcinoma at diagnosis, reinforcing the association between tumor burden and type with this antibody. The treatment-resistant course underscores the poor prognosis. Notably, the co-occurrence of CAMKV and GABA-B antibodies with TRIM9 has not been previously described.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65270",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65270",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 280
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65271",
      "source_id": "65271",
      "abstract_number": "1-096",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-096",
      "title": "Anti-Yo Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration, Associated with Breast Cancer, Emerging After Treatment with Supportive Oligonucleotide Therapy: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Garrett M. Timmons, MD; Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Garrett M. Timmons, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Garrett M. Timmons, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Garrett M. Timmons",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Stanford Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Timmons has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jamie C. McDonald",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Garrett M. Timmons",
        "Jamie C. McDonald"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford Neurology",
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford Neurology",
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Garrett M. Timmons, MD; Jamie C. McDonald, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford Neurology\nStanford University",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Supportive Oligonucleotide Therapy (SOT, also branded as Q-REstrain) is a non-FDA approved intravenous antisense oligonucleotide therapy with limited clinical evidence for safety and efficacy, that is offered by some naturopathic clinics for the treatment of various cancers or chronic viral infections. Here, we report a case of anti-Yo-mediated cerebellar paraneoplastic degeneration developing shortly after SOT administration in a patient with treated HER2+ breast cancer.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 71-year-old woman presented with subacute onset headache, diplopia, vertigo and progressive gait disturbance 3 days following experimental infusion of SOT (March 2025). She has a notable history of left breast cancer diagnosed in May 2024 (grade 3, ER/PR-negative, HER2-positive), for which she underwent definitive treatment with complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with no evidence of recurrence to date. Brain MRI showed no acute abnormalities or cerebellar atrophy. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) demonstrated a marked lymphocytic pleocytosis (WBC 121, 91% lymphocytes), unique CSF oligoclonal bands, and CSF antibodies to Yo-PCA-1 (1:1024) and GFAP (1:128), leading to a diagnosis of anti-Yo paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. She was treated with IV steroids, IVIG, and plasma exchange with mild improvement in her profound cerebellar symptoms. Repeated screening with CT and PET showed no evidence of breast cancer recurrence or other malignancy. The patient declined escalation of immunotherapy and favored conservative management with physical and occupational therapy with relative stability to date.",
        "Conclusions": "To our knowledge, this is the first report of paraneoplastic or any provoked autoimmune neurologic disease occurring shortly after administration of SOT. Although the timing could be coincidental, onset of cerebellar symptoms only three days after treatment suggests SOT or its adjuvant components as a provoking factor for this inflammatory process. This case supports that further clinical studies and increased regulatory monitoring are needed to ensure the safety and efficacy of SOT moving forward.",
        "Disclosures": "Garrett M. Timmons, MD: Dr. Timmons has nothing to disclose.\nJamie C. McDonald, MD: Dr. McDonald has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "To our knowledge, this is the first report of paraneoplastic or any provoked autoimmune neurologic disease occurring shortly after administration of SOT. Although the timing could be coincidental, onset of cerebellar symptoms only three days after treatment suggests SOT or its adjuvant components as a provoking factor for this inflammatory process.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65271",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65271",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65272",
      "source_id": "65272",
      "abstract_number": "1-097",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-097",
      "title": "A Case Report of Morvan Syndrome Associated with a Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor",
      "authors": "Katie Detmer, MD; Sara M. Ahmed, MD; Ahmed Abbas, MD; Erik R. Ensrud, MD; Asma T. Khan, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Katie Detmer, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Katie Detmer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Katie Detmer",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Detmer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara M. Ahmed, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara M. Ahmed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmed Abbas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmed Abbas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abbas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Erik R. Ensrud, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Erik R. Ensrud",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ensrud has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Asma T. Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Asma T. Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Katie Detmer",
        "Sara M. Ahmed",
        "Ahmed Abbas",
        "Erik R. Ensrud",
        "Asma T. Khan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University Hospital",
        "Stanford University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University Hospital",
        "Stanford University School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Katie Detmer, MD; Sara M. Ahmed, MD; Ahmed Abbas, MD; Erik R. Ensrud, MD; Asma T. Khan, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University Hospital\nStanford University School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To report a case of CASPR2-antibody associated Morvan syndrome manifesting after thymectomy of a malignant thymoma, in the absence of thymoma recurrence, and in association with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of such an association.",
        "Background": "CASPR2-antibody associated Morvan Syndrome is known to cause profound peripheral, autonomic, and central nervous system dysfunction, but remains poorly recognized by clinicians. It can be associated with underlying tumors, most commonly thymomas. Early recognition and prompt treatment is important given the debilitating nature of the disease and its response to tumor removal and/or immunotherapy.",
        "Design/Methods": "We present the case of a 53-year-old man with subacute onset of severe, debilitating hyperhidrosis, neuropathic pain, cramps, insomnia, and weight loss approximately 1 year after being diagnosed with acetylcholine receptor antibody positive ocular myasthenia gravis in the setting of a malignant, invasive thymoma. He underwent thymectomy and radiation therapy with remission of thymoma and all ocular symptoms for approximately 1 year before developing symptoms of Morvan Syndrome. Work up revealed positive serum and CSF CASPR2-IgG and positive serum LGI1-IgG antibodies. Electromyography revealed fasciculations and myokymia. Work up was negative for thymoma recurrence, but did reveal a pancreatic lesion that was later biopsy-proven to be a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis failed to result in any clinical improvement. He was ultimately treated with Rituximab with complete symptomatic resolution.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "Typically, the development of Morvan syndrome leads to the diagnosis of thymoma that is subsequently treated with thymectomy. This case illustrates that it can occur after thymectomy in the absence of thymoma recurrence. It also emphasizes the importance of a broad work up of underlying tumors, given there have not been reports of Morvan syndrome in the setting of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.",
        "Disclosures": "Katie Detmer, MD: Dr. Detmer has nothing to disclose.\nSara M. Ahmed, MD: Dr. Ahmed has nothing to disclose.\nAhmed Abbas, MD: Dr. Abbas has nothing to disclose.\nErik R. Ensrud, MD: Dr. Ensrud has nothing to disclose.\nAsma T. Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Typically, the development of Morvan syndrome leads to the diagnosis of thymoma that is subsequently treated with thymectomy. This case illustrates that it can occur after thymectomy in the absence of thymoma recurrence. It also emphasizes the importance of a broad work up of underlying tumors, given there have not been reports of Morvan syndrome in the setting of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65272",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65272",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65273",
      "source_id": "65273",
      "abstract_number": "1-098",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-098",
      "title": "Demographic and Clinical Profile of Neural Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Syndromes",
      "authors": "Hans Frykman, MD, PhD, FRCPC; Pankaj Kumar, PhD; Ali Mousavi, MD; Kristine Ranola; Noemie Duchemin Stevens, HBSc",
      "presenting_author": "Hans Frykman, MD, PhD, FRCPC",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Hans Frykman, MD, PhD, FRCPC",
          "normalized_name": "Hans Frykman",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of British Columbia",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Frykman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Neurocode LAB. Dr. Frykman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BC Neuroimmunology Lab. Dr. Frykman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of National Reference Lab Abu Dhabi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pankaj Kumar, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Pankaj Kumar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "BC Neuroimmunology labs",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kumar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ali Mousavi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ali Mousavi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "BC Neuroimmunology Lab",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mousavi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristine Ranola",
          "normalized_name": "Kristine Ranola",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Ranola has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BCNeuroimmunology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Noemie Duchemin Stevens, HBSc",
          "normalized_name": "Noemie Duchemin Stevens, HBSc",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Duchemin Stevens has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BC Neuroimmunology Labs Inc.."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Hans Frykman",
        "Pankaj Kumar",
        "Ali Mousavi",
        "Kristine Ranola",
        "Noemie Duchemin Stevens, HBSc"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of British Columbia",
        "BC Neuroimmunology labs",
        "BC Neuroimmunology Lab"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of British Columbia",
        "BC Neuroimmunology labs",
        "BC Neuroimmunology Lab"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Hans Frykman, MD, PhD, FRCPC; Pankaj Kumar, PhD; Ali Mousavi, MD; Kristine Ranola; Noemie Duchemin Stevens, HBSc",
        "Affiliations": "University of British Columbia\nBC Neuroimmunology labs\nBC Neuroimmunology Lab",
        "Objective": "To understand the demographic and clinical spectrum of neural autoantibodies.",
        "Background": "Neural autoantibodies are associated with a wide range of neurological conditions. Understanding their relationships and distribution among demographic groups may guide diagnostic evaluation and malignancy screening.",
        "Design/Methods": "A clinical analysis was conducted on 49 patients with positive neural antibodies between July 2024 to February 2026 at BC Neuroimmunology Lab., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Antibody measurement was performed using an initial IHC/IFA assay on rat brain sections. Where appropriate, confirmatory testing was subsequently conducted using fixed or live cell-based assays and/or immunoblot techniques to ensure diagnostic accuracy. The clinical information was obtained on 20 cases from requisition forms and complemented by a questionnaire sent to the referring clinicians. Age (<40, 40-59, 60-79, and ≥80 years) and antibodies were categorized, and data analysis was performed based on sex, age groups, and clinical information.",
        "Results": "The most frequently detected antibodies were Hu (18.4%), SOX1 (16.3%), Titin (14.3%), LGI1 (10.2%) and NMDR (8.2%). CASPR2 and Amphiphysin and Hu antibodies were more frequent in males, whereas SOX1, Yo, and Zic4 antibodies were more common in females. In patients <40 years of age, NMDAR antibodies were more frequent, whereas Hu, Titin, SOX1, and Zic4 antibodies were more common in patients aged 60-79 years, and in those aged ≥80 years, SOX, Titin, and Recoverin antibodies were frequent . A broad spectrum of neural antibody-associated disorders was observed, including autoimmune encephalitis, limbic encephalitis, transverse myelitis, and MG.",
        "Conclusions": "While younger patients are more likely to present with NMDAR antibodies, older patients show a predominance of Hu, SOX1, and Titin antibodies. These findings highlight the importance of phenotypic and demographic factors in clinical interpretation and may assist in guiding targeted malignancy screening strategies. They also reflect the diagnostic complexity and overlap between autoimmune, paraneoplastic, and non-autoimmune neurological syndromes.",
        "Disclosures": "Hans Frykman, MD, PhD, FRCPC: Dr. Frykman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Neurocode LAB. Dr. Frykman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BC Neuroimmunology Lab. Dr. Frykman has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of National Reference Lab Abu Dhabi.\nPankaj Kumar, PhD: Dr. Kumar has nothing to disclose.\nAli Mousavi, MD: Dr. Mousavi has nothing to disclose.\nKristine Ranola: Miss Ranola has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BCNeuroimmunology.\nNoemie Duchemin Stevens, HBSc: Miss Duchemin Stevens has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of BC Neuroimmunology Labs Inc.."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "While younger patients are more likely to present with NMDAR antibodies, older patients show a predominance of Hu, SOX1, and Titin antibodies. These findings highlight the importance of phenotypic and demographic factors in clinical interpretation and may assist in guiding targeted malignancy screening strategies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65273",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65273",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65274",
      "source_id": "65274",
      "abstract_number": "1-099",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-099",
      "title": "Where the Cord Ends and Nerves Begin: Anti-amphiphysin-associated Paraneoplastic Myeloradiculoneuropathy",
      "authors": "Arooba Iqbal; FNU Rashna, MBBS; Anum Naz, MBBS; Sumera Rafat, FCPS neurology; Sidra J. Faruqi, MBBS; Tahreem Sajjad, MBBS; Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
      "presenting_author": "Arooba Iqbal",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Arooba Iqbal",
          "normalized_name": "Arooba Iqbal",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Iqbal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "FNU Rashna, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "FNU Rashna",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rashna has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anum Naz, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anum Naz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Naz has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sumera Rafat, FCPS neurology",
          "normalized_name": "Sumera Rafat, FCPS neurology",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rafat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sidra J. Faruqi, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sidra J. Faruqi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Faruqi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tahreem Sajjad, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Tahreem Sajjad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sajjad has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
          "normalized_name": "Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nisa has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Arooba Iqbal",
        "FNU Rashna",
        "Anum Naz",
        "Sumera Rafat, FCPS neurology",
        "Sidra J. Faruqi",
        "Tahreem Sajjad",
        "Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Arooba Iqbal; FNU Rashna, MBBS; Anum Naz, MBBS; Sumera Rafat, FCPS neurology; Sidra J. Faruqi, MBBS; Tahreem Sajjad, MBBS; Qamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Paraneoplastic syndromes can impact the neuro-axis, depending on the type of malignancies and the associated antibodies. In some instances, it can affect both central and peripheral nervous system. In our case, a patient who tested positive for anti-amphyphysin antibodies presented with conus medullaris syndrome, cauda equina syndrome, and peripheral neuropathy. This presentation is a rare occurrence. Case presentation: A 47-year-old-male came with a one month history of gradually progressive bilateral lower limb numbness and paresthesias, starting in the feet and ascending to the knees, worsened by cold exposure. After one month, he acutely developed urinary retention, perineal burning, and rapidly progressive bilateral symmetrical lower limb weakness within a day, along with painful calf spasms triggered by movement and cold,leading him bedbound. Upper limbs remained unaffected, with no history of trauma, backache, radiating pain, seizures, cranial nerve, systemic involvement ,no prior episodes. On examination, there was reduced bulk and spastic tone in both lower limbs with 0/5 powers, absent ankle reflexes, and extensor plantar responses, saddle anesthesia and decreased pin prick upto knees bilaterally. MRI Spine showed a T2 hyperintense lesion from T11- L1. CSF revealed raised protein with lymphocytosis. Electrophysiology confirmed motor axonal neuropathy. Paraneoplastic panel was positive for anti-amphiphysin antibodies. CT Chest, Abdomen And Pelvis along with tumor markers were negative.Diagnosed as paraneoplastic myeloradiculoneurpathy, patient improved with steroids and plasmapheresis and remains on azathioprine with ongoing surveillance.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the importance of combined CNS and PNS involvement as a clue to autoimmune myeloradiculoneuropathy. The presence of upper and lower motor neuron signs is often interpreted as motor neuron disease but thorough workup should prompt consideration of a paraneoplastic etiology, even in the absence of detectable malignancy. Early immunotherapy can lead to clinical improvement, while continued follow up and surveillance remains essential for underlying cancer detection.",
        "Disclosures": "Arooba Iqbal: Dr. Iqbal has nothing to disclose.\nFNU Rashna, MBBS: Dr. Rashna has nothing to disclose.\nAnum Naz, MBBS: Dr. Naz has nothing to disclose.\nSumera Rafat, FCPS neurology: Dr. Rafat has nothing to disclose.\nSidra J. Faruqi, MBBS: Dr. Faruqi has nothing to disclose.\nTahreem Sajjad, MBBS: Dr. Sajjad has nothing to disclose.\nQamar U. Nisa, Sr., FCPS: Dr. Nisa has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the importance of combined CNS and PNS involvement as a clue to autoimmune myeloradiculoneuropathy. The presence of upper and lower motor neuron signs is often interpreted as motor neuron disease but thorough workup should prompt consideration of a paraneoplastic etiology, even in the absence of detectable malignancy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65274",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65274",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65275",
      "source_id": "65275",
      "abstract_number": "1-100",
      "citation_label": "P2 / 1-100",
      "title": "Cold Case: Profound Hypothermia as an Atypical Early Manifestation of Paraneoplastic ROHHAD-NET Syndrome in an Adolescent",
      "authors": "Varun Kannan, MD; Ajay S. Kasi, MD; Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD; Madeleine H. McLaughlin, MD; Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Varun Kannan, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Varun Kannan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Varun Kannan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Emory/CHOA",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ajay S. Kasi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ajay S. Kasi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kasi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Childrens health care of atlanta",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Madeleine H. McLaughlin, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Madeleine H. McLaughlin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hebert has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Grace Gombolay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from CDC. The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from NIH. Dr. Gombolay has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee with National MS Society -Georgia chapter that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Varun Kannan",
        "Ajay S. Kasi",
        "Prabhumallikarjun Patil",
        "Madeleine H. McLaughlin",
        "Grace Gombolay"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory/CHOA",
        "Childrens health care of atlanta",
        "Emory",
        "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory/CHOA",
        "Childrens health care of atlanta",
        "Emory",
        "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Varun Kannan, MD; Ajay S. Kasi, MD; Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD; Madeleine H. McLaughlin, MD; Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Emory/CHOA\nChildrens health care of atlanta\nEmory\nEmory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
        "Objective": "To expand the known phenotypic spectrum of paraneoplastic ROHHAD-NET (rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation - associated with neuroendocrine tumors).",
        "Background": "ROHHAD-NET is a rare and incompletely characterized paraneoplastic disease, typically presenting in young pre-pubertal children with rapid weight gain followed by sleep disordered breathing, and eventually life threatening hypothalamic/autonomic failure. We present a highly atypical case of ROHHAD-NET in a teenager which did not follow this expected trajectory.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a retrospective descriptive chart review of a single case.",
        "Results": "A 13 year old girl with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency presented with unexplained hypothermia. She developed sudden confusion and tremulousness at school without provoking cause, and was found to be extremely cold to touch. Initial vitals confirmed profound hypothermia (temp 32 C) and associated bradycardia (HR 30-50) requiring passive external warming in the intensive care unit. Extensive workup included negative toxicology screening, normal endocrine/hormonal labs, normal brain and spine MRI, negative serum/CSF autoimmune antibodies (including autonomic ganglionopathy panel), and non-diagnostic comprehensive exome sequencing. Hypothermia improved with initiation of alpha agonist and she was discharged. Over the next several months she weaned off the alpha agonist, but developed progressive weight gain with BMI increase from 28.86 kg/m2 to 38.63 kg/m2 (12 month span). Full body MRI revealed a thoracic paraspinal mass, which was resected and confirmed to be ganglioneuroma. Polysomnography showed severe obstructive sleep apnea, without central apnea/hypoventilation. Re-analysis of genetic testing for PHOX2B pathogenic variants/repeats was negative. She was clinically diagnosed with ROHHAD-NET, and initiated immune therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin (1 g/kg monthly). Following tumor resection and IVIG initiation her BMI improved (34.88 kg/m2 after 6 months of treatment) and she has had no further autonomic instability.",
        "Conclusions": "ROHHAD-NET is not exclusive to young children, and autonomic/hypothalamic failure may precede the onset of rapid weight gain.",
        "Disclosures": "Varun Kannan, MD: Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose.\nAjay S. Kasi, MD: Dr. Kasi has nothing to disclose.\nPrabhumallikarjun Patil, MD: Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose.\nMadeleine H. McLaughlin, MD: Dr. Hebert has nothing to disclose.\nGrace Gombolay, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from CDC. The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from NIH. Dr. Gombolay has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee with National MS Society -Georgia chapter that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "ROHHAD-NET is not exclusive to young children, and autonomic/hypothalamic failure may precede the onset of rapid weight gain.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22365",
          "title": "P2 - Poster Session 02",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22365",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "03:00 PM - 04:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65275",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65275",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65276",
      "source_id": "65276",
      "abstract_number": "1-001",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-001",
      "title": "Protein Kinase Signaling as a Downstream Target of Human Anti-NMDA Receptor Antibodies",
      "authors": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN; Yuyoung Joo, PhD; Prajwal Ciryam, MD, PhD; Timothy Zhang; Weiliang Huang; Charles Dean; Audrey Lawrence; Thanh Hien T. Vu; Niki Gooya, PhD; Scott K. Dessain, MD, PhD; Maureen A. Kane, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "David R. Benavides",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Benavides has received research support from F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yuyoung Joo, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Yuyoung Joo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Joo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Prajwal Ciryam, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Prajwal Ciryam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Henry M. Jackson Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Passano Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from GEn1E Lifesciences. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Brain Aneurysm Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Neurocritical Care Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland."
        },
        {
          "name": "Timothy Zhang",
          "normalized_name": "Timothy Zhang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Timothy Zhang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Weiliang Huang",
          "normalized_name": "Weiliang Huang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Weiliang Huang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Charles Dean",
          "normalized_name": "Charles Dean",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Dean has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Audrey Lawrence",
          "normalized_name": "Audrey Lawrence",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Lawrence has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thanh Hien T. Vu",
          "normalized_name": "Thanh Hien T. Vu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Vu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Niki Gooya, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Niki Gooya",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gooya has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott K. Dessain, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Scott K. Dessain",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dessain has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maureen A. Kane, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Maureen A. Kane",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Kane has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "David R. Benavides",
        "Yuyoung Joo",
        "Prajwal Ciryam",
        "Timothy Zhang",
        "Weiliang Huang",
        "Charles Dean",
        "Audrey Lawrence",
        "Thanh Hien T. Vu",
        "Niki Gooya",
        "Scott K. Dessain",
        "Maureen A. Kane"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Maryland School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Maryland School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN; Yuyoung Joo, PhD; Prajwal Ciryam, MD, PhD; Timothy Zhang; Weiliang Huang; Charles Dean; Audrey Lawrence; Thanh Hien T. Vu; Niki Gooya, PhD; Scott K. Dessain, MD, PhD; Maureen A. Kane, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Maryland School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To explore signaling targets of a human GluN1 monoclonal antibody 5F5 (GluN1 mAb 5F5) in rat primary cortical neurons of either sex using biochemistry, subcellular fractionation, and label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics.",
        "Background": "The most common form of autoimmune encephalitis is associated with antibodies that target N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs). NMDARs play a pivotal role in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Mounting evidence has shown that antibody targeting of the NMDAR GluN1 subunit, as in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, leads to NMDAR cross-linking and receptor internalization. However, the underlying signaling pathways affected by antibodies targeting NMDARs remain to be explored.",
        "Design/Methods": "We employed subcellular fractionation of primary cortical neurons to generate synaptoneurosomes (SNs) and postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions. We isolated SNs or PSD fractions after GluN1 mAb or Control mAb exposure to explore changes in synaptic signaling pathways. This approach enabled us to focus on GluN1 antibody-mediated synaptic pathology. A quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis using mass spectrometry identified kinase signaling cascades regulated by GluN1 mAbs compared to Control mAb in SNs.",
        "Results": "Phosphoproteomic analyses by mass spectrometry demonstrate that GluN1 mAb 5F5 alters protein phosphorylation in SN fractions and regulates numerous synapse-related biological processes and protein kinase activities. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that these phosphoproteomic proteomic changes are positively correlated with NMDAR activation and negatively correlated with NMDAR inhibition. Together, these data suggest that GluN1 mAb 5F5 alters intracellular kinase signaling pathways in primary cortical neurons, likely by activating the NMDAR.",
        "Conclusions": "The pathophysiology of anti-NMDAR encephalitis remains poorly defined but is currently thought to involve pathogenic antibodies that crosslink and internalize NMDARs. We identify intracellular signaling pathways targeted by human NMDAR antibodies in primary cortical neurons. Our key findings are obtained using specific, patient-derived human monoclonal antibodies with high affinity to the GluN1 subunit of NMDARs. These studies expand the underlying pathophysiological molecular mechanisms involved in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.",
        "Disclosures": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Benavides has received research support from F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd.\nYuyoung Joo, PhD: Dr. Joo has nothing to disclose.\nPrajwal Ciryam, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Henry M. Jackson Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Passano Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from GEn1E Lifesciences. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Brain Aneurysm Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Neurocritical Care Foundation. The institution of Dr. Ciryam has received research support from Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland.\nTimothy Zhang: Timothy Zhang has nothing to disclose.\nWeiliang Huang: Weiliang Huang has nothing to disclose.\nCharles Dean: Mr. Dean has nothing to disclose.\nAudrey Lawrence: Ms. Lawrence has nothing to disclose.\nThanh Hien T. Vu: Ms. Vu has nothing to disclose.\nNiki Gooya, PhD: Dr. Gooya has nothing to disclose.\nScott K. Dessain, MD, PhD: Dr. Dessain has nothing to disclose.\nMaureen A. Kane, PhD: Prof. Kane has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The pathophysiology of anti-NMDAR encephalitis remains poorly defined but is currently thought to involve pathogenic antibodies that crosslink and internalize NMDARs. We identify intracellular signaling pathways targeted by human NMDAR antibodies in primary cortical neurons. Our key findings are obtained using specific, patient-derived human monoclonal antibodies with high affinity to the GluN1 subunit of NMDARs.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Seminar",
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22376",
          "title": "C14 - Autoimmune Encephalitis: Pathophysiology to Treatment",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22376",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "09:30 AM - 11:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN, Avi Gadoth, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the immunologic mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying autoimmune encephalitis; recognize the clinical syndromes, diagnostic criteria, and key laboratory and imaging findings associated with autoimmune encephalitis; and apply current evidence-based approaches to the acute and long-term management of autoimmune encephalitis.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Advanced",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        },
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65276",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65276",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65277",
      "source_id": "65277",
      "abstract_number": "1-002",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-002",
      "title": "Spatial Transcriptomic Mapping of LEPR and BDNF Expression Within Human Hypothalamic Nuclei",
      "authors": "Nafiza Meher; Anthony Dang; Catherine Wu, BA; Mario Gil",
      "presenting_author": "Nafiza Meher",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nafiza Meher",
          "normalized_name": "Nafiza Meher",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Meher has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anthony Dang",
          "normalized_name": "Anthony Dang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Dang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catherine Wu, BA",
          "normalized_name": "Catherine Wu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Wu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mario Gil",
          "normalized_name": "Mario Gil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nafiza Meher",
        "Anthony Dang",
        "Catherine Wu",
        "Mario Gil"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nafiza Meher; Anthony Dang; Catherine Wu, BA; Mario Gil",
        "Objective": "To characterize the spatial intersection of leptin signaling and neuroprotection within human hypothalamic nuclei as a framework for neuro-metabolic vulnerability.",
        "Background": "While metabolic risk factors are known to modify autoimmune disease progression, the specific human neuro-anatomical hubs underlying this interaction remain understudied. Systemic leptin, a pro-inflammatory Type I cytokine, regulates the neuro-immune axis via hypothalamic signaling. We characterized the spatial distribution of the leptin receptor (LEPR) and the neuroprotective factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) within the human arcuate (ARC) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei to identify potential sites of metabolic vulnerability.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a high-resolution in silico analysis using the Allen Human Brain Atlas to map the innate transcriptomic architecture of the human diencephalon. Expression of LEPR and BDNF was quantified across N=6 clinically diverse donors. We utilized Z-score enrichment and log2 intensity data to characterize sub-nuclear signaling density within the ARC and PVN.",
        "Results": "Mapping revealed a significant spatial divergence in neuro-metabolic signaling markers. The PVN and ARC demonstrated robust and consistent enrichment of LEPR mRNA, characterized by intense positive Z-scores across multiple probes and donors. In contrast, expression of BDNF within the same anatomical coordinates remained at or below baseline levels (Z-scores near zero; log2 intensity ~6.1-6.9), identifying a spatial mismatch where critical metabolic sensing hubs lack a corresponding enrichment of neurotrophic support.",
        "Conclusions": "Our findings provide a high-resolution human map of hypothalamic vulnerability. The high density of leptin receptors in regions with only baseline BDNF suggests that the ARC and PVN may be uniquely susceptible to systemic pro-inflammatory metabolic signals. This molecular architecture offers a potential mechanism for why patients with autoimmune conditions experience heightened hypothalamic dysfunction in the presence of metabolic risk factors. We are currently developing a new preclinical model and framework for bench-to-bedside clinical risk assessment.",
        "Disclosures": "Nafiza Meher: Ms. Meher has nothing to disclose.\nAnthony Dang: Mr. Dang has nothing to disclose.\nCatherine Wu, BA: Ms. Wu has nothing to disclose.\nMario Gil: No disclosure on file"
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our findings provide a high-resolution human map of hypothalamic vulnerability. The high density of leptin receptors in regions with only baseline BDNF suggests that the ARC and PVN may be uniquely susceptible to systemic pro-inflammatory metabolic signals.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65277",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65277",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65278",
      "source_id": "65278",
      "abstract_number": "1-003",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-003",
      "title": "Capturing What Matters: Patient-reported LGI1-ANTibody Encephalitis Outcome RatiNg Scale (LANTERN)",
      "authors": "Mark J. Kelly, MBBS; B D. Wagner, Jr., MD; Bryan Ceronie, MBBS; Christine Strippel, MD; Annie Lin, BA; Adam Handel; John N. Soltys, MD; Sophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD; P Powell, PhD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
      "presenting_author": "Mark J. Kelly, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mark J. Kelly, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mark J. Kelly",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Kelly has received research support from The Health Research Board / Wellcome Trust."
        },
        {
          "name": "B D. Wagner, Jr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "B D. Wagner, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wagner has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bryan Ceronie, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Bryan Ceronie",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ceronie has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christine Strippel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christine Strippel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Strippel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Annie Lin, BA",
          "normalized_name": "Annie Lin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Lin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adam Handel",
          "normalized_name": "Adam Handel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Oxford",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Adam Handel has received research support from Medical Research Council (UK). The institution of Adam Handel has received research support from UCB-Pharma. The institution of Adam Handel has received research support from MyAware."
        },
        {
          "name": "John N. Soltys, MD",
          "normalized_name": "John N. Soltys",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Soltys has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sophie Binks",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Wellcome Trust. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetSavers. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetPlan. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from NIHR. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Morris Animal Foundation. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ECTRIMS. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Vetmeduni Wien. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ANA. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Speaker with Encephalitis Society UK that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Panel Member with Encephalitis International that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Fellow with JAMA Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "P Powell, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "P Powell",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for IQVIA. Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Eli Lilly. Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for KMC Health Care. Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Quality of Life Research. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from FSHD Society. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from EuroQol Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from KMC Healthcare. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from Duchenne UK. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mark J. Kelly",
        "B D. Wagner, Jr",
        "Bryan Ceronie",
        "Christine Strippel",
        "Annie Lin",
        "Adam Handel",
        "John N. Soltys",
        "Sophie Binks",
        "P Powell",
        "Sarosh R. Irani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Oxford",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Oxford",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mark J. Kelly, MBBS; B D. Wagner, Jr., MD; Bryan Ceronie, MBBS; Christine Strippel, MD; Annie Lin, BA; Adam Handel; John N. Soltys, MD; Sophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD; P Powell, PhD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Oxford\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To design the first patient reported outcome measure for LGI1-antibody encephalitis (LGI1-Ab-E).",
        "Background": "LGI1-Ab-E is a common form of autoimmune encephalitis where most patients demonstrate 'good' clinician-rated outcomes. However, more targeted questionnaires reveal numerous debilitating symptoms for many years. To better quantify these persistent features, we designed the LGI1-Antibody Encephalitis Rating (LANTERN) scale, a quantified, disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), adhering to FDA guidelines.",
        "Design/Methods": "A participant-driven mixed-methods approach to develop a clinically valid questionnaire over three stages: (1) Item generation through semi-structured interviews; (2) Repeated cognitive debriefing rounds to advance comprehensibility, relevance and comprehensiveness; (3) Psychometric survey to condense the most sensitive and valid questions. Analyses incorporated sensitivity testing with multiple internal and external validations.",
        "Results": "From 73 items across six domains (Stage 1; n = 18), a questionnaire assessing the frequency and severity of 43 symptoms (80 questions), plus nine activities of daily living (ADL), was developed through cognitive debriefing (Stage 2; n = 15). This 89-question survey was completed (Stage 3; n = 66 patients and 32 relatives) and distilled, using exploratory factor analyses, to a three-factor symptom-burden questionnaire comprising 41 questions (19 symptoms and 6 ADL), separated into physical, cognitive/behavioural and ADL domains. These factors demonstrated strong internal reliability (Cronbach alpha: 0.85-0.91), correlations with relative-completed questionnaires (R = 0.73-0.85; p < 0.001), good-to-excellent intraclass re-testing correlations (0.81-0.98; n = 19) and strong associations with numerous predefined external measures.",
        "Conclusions": "LANTERN represents a PROM for LGI1-Ab-E, with initial content, structural and construct validity and test-retest reliability. It can be used as a reliable, tailored, efficient and sensitive method to establish symptom burden in people with LGI1-Ab-E, both in clinical practice and trials.",
        "Disclosures": "Mark J. Kelly, MBBS: The institution of Dr. Kelly has received research support from The Health Research Board / Wellcome Trust.\nB D. Wagner, Jr., MD: Dr. Wagner has nothing to disclose.\nBryan Ceronie, MBBS: Dr. Ceronie has nothing to disclose.\nChristine Strippel, MD: Dr. Strippel has nothing to disclose.\nAnnie Lin, BA: Miss Lin has nothing to disclose.\nAdam Handel: The institution of Adam Handel has received research support from Medical Research Council (UK). The institution of Adam Handel has received research support from UCB-Pharma. The institution of Adam Handel has received research support from MyAware.\nJohn N. Soltys, MD: Dr. Soltys has nothing to disclose.\nSophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD: The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Wellcome Trust. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetSavers. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetPlan. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from NIHR. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Morris Animal Foundation. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ECTRIMS. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Vetmeduni Wien. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ANA. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Speaker with Encephalitis Society UK that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Panel Member with Encephalitis International that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Fellow with JAMA Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nP Powell, PhD: Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for IQVIA. Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Eli Lilly. Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for KMC Health Care. Dr. Powell has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Quality of Life Research. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from FSHD Society. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from EuroQol Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from KMC Healthcare. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from Duchenne UK. The institution of Dr. Powell has received research support from Sanofi.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "LANTERN represents a PROM for LGI1-Ab-E, with initial content, structural and construct validity and test-retest reliability. It can be used as a reliable, tailored, efficient and sensitive method to establish symptom burden in people with LGI1-Ab-E, both in clinical practice and trials.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65278",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65278",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 273
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65279",
      "source_id": "65279",
      "abstract_number": "1-004",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-004",
      "title": "The Effect of Zingiber officinale on Lipid Peroxidation-associated Oxidative Stress Through Malondialdehyde Levels in Group-housed and Socially Isolated Drosophila melanogaster",
      "authors": "Siddharth Nara, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Siddharth Nara, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Siddharth Nara, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Siddharth Nara",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Mr. Nara has received research support from Academies of Loudoun. Mr. Nara has a non-compensated relationship as a Student Researcher with Academies of Loudoun that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Siddharth Nara"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Siddharth Nara, MD",
        "Objective": "This project tested a novel, quantitative screening framework to determine whether social isolation increases lipid peroxidation-associated oxidative stress and whether ginger essential oil (GEO) from Zingiber officinale reduces that damage in vivo. Oxidative damage was measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration.",
        "Background": "Oxidative stress contributes to 85% of human diseases and occurs when reactive oxygen species overwhelm antioxidant defenses, driving lipid peroxidation and MDA formation. Many pharmacologic options have safety and monitoring burdens, so safer, low-cost interventions are needed. GEO contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals, but its in vivo dose response under social stress remains poorly defined.",
        "Design/Methods": "Male Canton-S Drosophila melanogaster were assigned to a 2 × 4 factorial design with two housing conditions (group-housed or socially isolated) and four diets (vehicle, low GEO, medium GEO, high GEO). Homogenates were analyzed with a TBARS assay. Samples were homogenized, protein was precipitated with TCA, supernatants were reacted with TBA under heat, and absorbance was read at OD535. Using Beer-Lambert theory, blank-corrected absorbance was converted to MDA (µM) with an MDA standard curve (0, 9, 18, 30 µM; R² = 0.992). Ten biological replicates were analyzed per group.",
        "Results": "Isolation increased baseline oxidative stress, with higher mean MDA in isolated controls (27.4 µM) than group-housed controls (17.9 µM) with a 53.1% increase. GEO reduced MDA in both housing conditions. The strongest reduction occurred at the medium dose, decreasing group-housed MDA from 17.9 to 12.2 µM (31.8%) and isolated MDA from 27.4 to 20.0 µM (27.0%). The high dose showed a partial rebound. Statistical separation was strong (ANOVA F(7,72) = 424.8, p = 7.0 × 10^-56, eta² = 0.976).",
        "Conclusions": "GEO reduced lipid peroxidation in vivo under both baseline and stress conditions, with a clear optimal mid-dose effect. These findings support Drosophila as a rapid, biomarker-based model for screening plant-derived oxidative stress interventions with strong quantitative resolution.",
        "Disclosures": "Siddharth Nara, MD: The institution of Mr. Nara has received research support from Academies of Loudoun. Mr. Nara has a non-compensated relationship as a Student Researcher with Academies of Loudoun that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "GEO reduced lipid peroxidation in vivo under both baseline and stress conditions, with a clear optimal mid-dose effect. These findings support Drosophila as a rapid, biomarker-based model for screening plant-derived oxidative stress interventions with strong quantitative resolution.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65279",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65279",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 310
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65280",
      "source_id": "65280",
      "abstract_number": "1-005",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-005",
      "title": "Identification of Leiomodin-1 Autoantibody as a Novel Biomarker in Cryptogenic New-onset Refractory Status Epilepticus",
      "authors": "Soo Jean Shin; Soo Hyun Ahn, MD; Yoonhyuk Jang, MD, PhD; Andrew Knight; Silvana B. De Lorenzo, PhD; Surendra Dasari; Su Yee Mon; YOON HEE SHIN; Yihui Goh, MBBS; Kon Chu; Sang Kun Lee, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Soo Jean Shin",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Soo Jean Shin",
          "normalized_name": "Soo Jean Shin",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Shin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soo Hyun Ahn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Soo Hyun Ahn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoonhyuk Jang, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoonhyuk Jang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Jang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Knight",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Knight",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Andrew Knight has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Silvana B. De Lorenzo, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Silvana B. De Lorenzo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. De Lorenzo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "normalized_name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Su Yee Mon",
          "normalized_name": "Su Yee Mon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Su Yee Mon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "YOON HEE SHIN",
          "normalized_name": "YOON HEE SHIN",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. SHIN has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yihui Goh, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yihui Goh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Goh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kon Chu",
          "normalized_name": "Kon Chu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Kon Chu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sang Kun Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sang Kun Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Seoul national University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Soon-Tae Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Soo Jean Shin",
        "Soo Hyun Ahn",
        "Yoonhyuk Jang",
        "Andrew Knight",
        "Silvana B. De Lorenzo",
        "Surendra Dasari",
        "Su Yee Mon",
        "YOON HEE SHIN",
        "Yihui Goh",
        "Kon Chu",
        "Sang Kun Lee",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "Soon-Tae Lee"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Seoul National University Hospital",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Seoul National University Hospital",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Soo Jean Shin; Soo Hyun Ahn, MD; Yoonhyuk Jang, MD, PhD; Andrew Knight; Silvana B. De Lorenzo, PhD; Surendra Dasari; Su Yee Mon; YOON HEE SHIN; Yihui Goh, MBBS; Kon Chu; Sang Kun Lee, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Seoul National University Hospital\nNational University Hospital\nMayo Clinic\nDepartment of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Objective": "To identify potential biomarkers in cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus (C-NORSE) by discovering autoantibodies that mediate disease pathogenesis.",
        "Background": "While C-NORSE is mediated by inflammatory responses, reliable serologic biomarkers for predicting functional outcomes remain lacking. Phage immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-seq) enables the discovery of novel antibodies that may aid disease stratification and prognostication.",
        "Design/Methods": "Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients enrolled in a multicenter C-NORSE cohort were analyzed using PhIP-seq. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to validate and screen for LMOD1-IgG in serum and CSF of C-NORSE and other neurologic diseases. Clinical outcomes, including modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune encephalitis (CASE), were evaluated over two years.",
        "Results": "PhIP-seq was performed in 26 C-NORSE CSF. Among the top hits, leiomodin-1 (LMOD1) was selected as the leading autoantigen based on its prognostic potential in the development set, CNS expression, and prior reports of antibody relevance. The optical density cutoff for LMOD1-IgG ELISA was determined as 0.30 based on receiver operating characteristic analysis. The diagnostic performance of CSF testing exceeded that of serum. Using this cutoff, a total of 266 CSF were screened for LMOD1-IgG (C-NORSE=57, other autoimmune neurologic diseases=104, other non-autoimmune neurological diseases=105). LMOD1-IgG was detected in 16.5% (44/266) of samples, indicating that the antibody is not specific to C-NORSE. However, LMOD1-IgG-positivity was strongly associated with poor prognosis in C-NORSE. One-year and 2-year mRS and CASE scores were significantly worse in the LMOD1-positive compared to the LMOD1-negative patients (all P<0.05). While LMOD1-negative showed gradual improvement, none of the LMOD1-positive patients achieved mRS≤2 during the two-year follow-up. In addition, the median duration of continuous intravenous anesthesia and unconsciousness were significantly longer in the LMOD1-positive group.",
        "Conclusions": "LMOD-IgG was associated with significantly worse outcomes in C-NORSE. The presence of the antibody may identify a vulnerable subgroup predisposed to severe disease and NORSE-related brain injury.",
        "Disclosures": "Soo Jean Shin: Ms. Shin has nothing to disclose.\nSoo Hyun Ahn, MD: Dr. Ahn has nothing to disclose.\nYoonhyuk Jang, MD, PhD: Mr. Jang has nothing to disclose.\nAndrew Knight: Andrew Knight has nothing to disclose.\nSilvana B. De Lorenzo, PhD: Dr. De Lorenzo has nothing to disclose.\nSurendra Dasari: Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose.\nSu Yee Mon: Su Yee Mon has nothing to disclose.\nYOON HEE SHIN: Ms. SHIN has nothing to disclose.\nYihui Goh, MBBS: Dr. Goh has nothing to disclose.\nKon Chu: Kon Chu has nothing to disclose.\nSang Kun Lee, MD: Prof. Lee has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSoon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD: Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "LMOD-IgG was associated with significantly worse outcomes in C-NORSE. The presence of the antibody may identify a vulnerable subgroup predisposed to severe disease and NORSE-related brain injury.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65280",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65280",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 309
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65281",
      "source_id": "65281",
      "abstract_number": "1-006",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-006",
      "title": "IgG Suppression Depth as a Study-level Surrogate for MG-ADL Response in FcRn Antagonists for Generalized Myasthenia Gravis: A Bayesian Meta-regression and Surrogate Threshold Analysis",
      "authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Shankar Biswas, MD; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Anagha Shankar; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
      "presenting_author": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jignen J. Prajapati",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shankar Biswas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shankar Biswas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sindhu Vasireddy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sindhu Vasireddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Yashasvi Srivastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simran Arora, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Simran Arora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anagha Shankar",
          "normalized_name": "Anagha Shankar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Shankar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
          "disclosure": "Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jignen J. Prajapati",
        "Shankar Biswas",
        "Sindhu Vasireddy",
        "Yashasvi Srivastava",
        "Simran Arora",
        "Anagha Shankar",
        "Sai Pratibha Yandamuri"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Tbilisi State Medical University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS; Shankar Biswas, MD; Sindhu Vasireddy, MD; Yashasvi Srivastava, MBBS; Simran Arora, MBBS; Anagha Shankar; Sai Pratibha Yandamuri",
        "Affiliations": "Tbilisi State Medical University",
        "Objective": "To determine whether peak IgG suppression depth constitutes a valid study-level surrogate for MG-ADL treatment effect across FcRn antagonist trials in generalized myasthenia gravis, and to derive a surrogate threshold effect for early-phase dose-selection guidance.",
        "Background": "Whether the depth of IgG suppression produced by FcRn antagonists predicts the magnitude of clinical response in generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) at the trial level is unknown.",
        "Design/Methods": "A Bayesian inverse-variance-weighted meta-regression of MG-ADL treatment effect on peak IgG suppression was conducted across active arms from randomized placebo-controlled trials of FcRn antagonists in adults with gMG. R²-trial was estimated using the Bayesian R² formulation, and the surrogate threshold effect (STE) was derived from the posterior predictive distribution. Prespecified sensitivity analyses restricted the dataset to a low risk-of-bias subset and excluded one arm with pharmacodynamic-clinical timing mismatch.",
        "Results": "Five trials contributed 9 active arms (n = 274) covering efgartigimod, rozanolixizumab, nipocalimab, and batoclimab. Each 1% increase in peak IgG suppression was associated with a −0.035-point change in MG-ADL treatment effect (95% CrI, −0.098 to 0.030; posterior probability of a negative slope, 0.86). R²-trial was 0.24 (95% CrI, 0.00 to 0.55), below the prespecified surrogacy threshold of ≥ 0.50. The STE was 57.5% IgG suppression. A drug-level dummy did not improve fit (LOO ΔELPD, −0.8; SE, 1.2). The low risk-of-bias subset of 6 arms produced a consistent slope of −0.044 (95% CrI, −0.118 to 0.035).",
        "Conclusions": "Peak IgG suppression depth was directionally associated with MG-ADL treatment effect but did not meet criteria for a study-level surrogate. The 57.5% STE provides a quantitative anchor for early-phase dose selection; MG-ADL should remain the primary clinical endpoint in confirmatory FcRn-antagonist trials.",
        "Disclosures": "Jignen J. Prajapati, MBBS: Dr. Prajapati has nothing to disclose.\nShankar Biswas, MD: Dr. Biswas has nothing to disclose.\nSindhu Vasireddy, MD: Dr. Vasireddy has nothing to disclose.\nYashasvi Srivastava, MBBS: Ms. Srivastava has nothing to disclose.\nSimran Arora, MBBS: Dr. Arora has nothing to disclose.\nAnagha Shankar: Miss Shankar has nothing to disclose.\nSai Pratibha Yandamuri: Miss Yandamuri has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Peak IgG suppression depth was directionally associated with MG-ADL treatment effect but did not meet criteria for a study-level surrogate. The 57.5% STE provides a quantitative anchor for early-phase dose selection; MG-ADL should remain the primary clinical endpoint in confirmatory FcRn-antagonist trials.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65281",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65281",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 281
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65282",
      "source_id": "65282",
      "abstract_number": "1-007",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-007",
      "title": "Neuroglial Biomarkers in GAD65-IgG-Associated Stiff-Person Syndrome and Cerebellar Ataxia",
      "authors": "Yahel Segal, MD; Binxia Yang; Vanessa Pazdernik, MS; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Yahel Segal, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Yahel Segal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yahel Segal",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Segal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Binxia Yang",
          "normalized_name": "Binxia Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo clinic",
          "disclosure": "Binxia Yang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vanessa Pazdernik, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Vanessa Pazdernik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Pazdernik has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John R. Mills",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Yahel Segal",
        "Binxia Yang",
        "Vanessa Pazdernik",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "John R. Mills",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Yahel Segal, MD; Binxia Yang; Vanessa Pazdernik, MS; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To characterize serum neuroglial biomarker profiles in GAD65-IgG-associated stiff-person syndrome (SPS) and cerebellar ataxia, compare levels across clinical phenotypes, and explore clinical associations.",
        "Background": "GAD65-IgG-associated SPS and cerebellar ataxia are clinically distinct disorders that share a common antibody but differ in disease course and response to immunotherapy. There are currently no validated biomarkers of disease activity to guide treatment decisions.",
        "Design/Methods": "Serum sTREM2, YKL-40, UCHL1, GFAP, and NfL were measured using an automated immunoassay (Ella, Biotechne) in a cross-sectional cohort of clinically characterized patients with GAD65-IgG-associated SPS, cerebellar ataxia, or mixed SPS-ataxia phenotype. Age-stratified reference values were established from 75 healthy controls. Biomarker levels were compared between patients and controls and across phenotypes. Associations with clinical characteristics were investigated. Longitudinal analyses are ongoing.",
        "Results": "Serum samples from 132 patients were analyzed, including 70 with SPS, 48 with cerebellar ataxia, and 14 with mixed SPS-ataxia phenotype. Compared with controls, GAD65-IgG patients showed significant elevations in sTREM2 (median 22,813 pg/mL vs 15,669 pg/mL, P<0.01), YKL-40 (median 42,623 pg/mL vs 29,963 pg/mL, P<0.01), UCHL1 (median 108.5 pg/mL vs 61.6 pg/mL, P<0.01), GFAP (median 8.88 pg/mL vs 1.66 pg/mL, P<0.01) and NfL (median 30.7 pg/mL vs 15.85 pg/mL, P<0.01) . Biomarker levels did not correlate with modified Rankin Scale score or gait-aid requirement, and differences across phenotypes were not statistically significant. Within GAD65-IgG patients, biomarker levels were positively correlated, strongest for GFAP with NfL (r=0.65), sTREM2 with NfL (r=0.55), and sTREM2 with GFAP (r=0.48).",
        "Conclusions": "GAD65-IgG-associated SPS and cerebellar ataxia demonstrate elevated serum markers of astroglial and neuroaxonal injury. While these biomarkers did not correlate with global disability measures in this cross-sectional cohort, inter-marker correlations suggest coordinated neuroglial pathology. Longitudinal analyses are underway to investigate whether these biomarkers are associated with disease activity over time.",
        "Disclosures": "Yahel Segal, MD: Dr. Segal has nothing to disclose.\nBinxia Yang: Binxia Yang has nothing to disclose.\nVanessa Pazdernik, MS: Ms. Pazdernik has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJohn R. Mills, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "GAD65-IgG-associated SPS and cerebellar ataxia demonstrate elevated serum markers of astroglial and neuroaxonal injury. While these biomarkers did not correlate with global disability measures in this cross-sectional cohort, inter-marker correlations suggest coordinated neuroglial pathology. Longitudinal analyses are underway to investigate whether these biomarkers are associated with disease activity over time.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65282",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65282",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 322
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65283",
      "source_id": "65283",
      "abstract_number": "1-008",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-008",
      "title": "Diagnoses Associated with Elevated Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in Cerebrospinal Fluid",
      "authors": "Andrew Liang; Athena Dao, MD; Ryan D. Walsh, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Andrew Liang",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andrew Liang",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Liang",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Liang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Athena Dao, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Athena Dao",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dao has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ryan D. Walsh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan D. Walsh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Froedtert/Medical College of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Walsh has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andrew Liang",
        "Athena Dao",
        "Ryan D. Walsh"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Froedtert/Medical College of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Froedtert/Medical College of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andrew Liang; Athena Dao, MD; Ryan D. Walsh, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Froedtert/Medical College of Wisconsin",
        "Objective": "To identify and classify neurological disorders associated with elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).",
        "Background": "CSF ACE is most associated with neurosarcoidosis. However, diagnostic utility is debatable as literature has shown varying specificity and sensitivity. We aimed to investigate what diagnoses are associated with elevated CSF ACE.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-center retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) review of adult patients who underwent CSF ACE testing from 1/1/12 to 12/31/25. Patients identified using IRB-approved institutional analytic tools. EMRs of identified patients were manually reviewed to ensure exclusion/inclusion criteria were met. Demographical data were recorded. Patients with elevated CSF ACE (>2.5 U/L) underwent additional analysis, and relevant diagnoses categorized.",
        "Results": "1186 patients underwent CSF ACE testing; elevated in 66 (median level: 4.4 U/L, range 2.6-40.0 U/L). Mean age 55.7 ±14.2, 40 females, 26 males. Diagnoses included: meningitis (n=13; 6 aseptic, 2 bacterial, 3 fungal, 1 viral, 1 parasitic), miscellaneous neurologic presentations (n=10; 3 headache, 3 encephalopathy, 2 seizure, 1 spinocerebellar ataxia, 1 acute stroke), neurosarcoidosis (n=9; 8 probable, 1 possible), CNS malignancy (n=10; 5 primary, 5 secondary), structural (n=7; 3 CSF leak, 2 hydrocephalus, 2 compressive myelopathy), autoimmune/inflammatory (n=7; 5 CNS demyelination, 2 Guillain Barre Syndrome), unclassified (n=7; 5 incomplete workup, 2 lost to follow-up), neuromuscular (n=5; 4 peripheral neuropathy, 1 myopathy), idiopathic meningeal enhancement (n=4). Neuroleptic use found in 2 secondary CNS malignancy, 2 encephalopathy, 1 aseptic meningitis, 1 headache (n=6). 24/66 (36.4%) demonstrated meningeal enhancement on MRI (10 leptomeningeal, 10 pachymeningeal, 4 both).",
        "Conclusions": "Elevated CSF ACE was seen in association with a variety of neurologic diagnoses demonstrating elevated CSF ACE is not specific for sarcoidosis and actually may be more associated with meningitis (19.7%) than sarcoidosis (13.6%). Across diagnoses, meningeal enhancement was a relatively common finding, 36.4% of cases, indicating CSF ACE may be a more common marker of meningeal pathology than of sarcoidosis.",
        "Disclosures": "Andrew Liang: Mr. Liang has nothing to disclose.\nAthena Dao, MD: Dr. Dao has nothing to disclose.\nRyan D. Walsh, MD: Dr. Walsh has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Elevated CSF ACE was seen in association with a variety of neurologic diagnoses demonstrating elevated CSF ACE is not specific for sarcoidosis and actually may be more associated with meningitis (19.7%) than sarcoidosis (13.6%). Across diagnoses, meningeal enhancement was a relatively common finding, 36.4% of cases, indicating CSF ACE may be a more common marker of meningeal pathology than of sarcoidosis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65283",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65283",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 330
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65284",
      "source_id": "65284",
      "abstract_number": "1-009",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-009",
      "title": "Inflammatory Biomarkers in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Diagnosis of HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis: A Systematic Review Updated Through 2026",
      "authors": "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr.; Luis A. Diaz Tejada; Nuria A. Rodriguez Aguilar, Jr.; Alfredo E. Escarate Curi; Antero Cubas, Jr.; Valery Vargas; Alexandra Julieta Romero Soto, Medical student",
      "presenting_author": "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr.",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr.",
          "normalized_name": "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Rojas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luis A. Diaz Tejada",
          "normalized_name": "Luis A. Diaz Tejada",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Diaz Tejada has a non-compensated relationship as a President with SIGN UPCH that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nuria A. Rodriguez Aguilar, Jr.",
          "normalized_name": "Nuria A. Rodriguez Aguilar, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Rodriguez Aguilar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alfredo E. Escarate Curi",
          "normalized_name": "Alfredo E. Escarate Curi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Escarate Curi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Antero Cubas, Jr.",
          "normalized_name": "Antero Cubas, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Cubas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Valery Vargas",
          "normalized_name": "Valery Vargas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Vargas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexandra Julieta Romero Soto, Medical student",
          "normalized_name": "Alexandra Julieta Romero Soto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Romero Soto has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr",
        "Luis A. Diaz Tejada",
        "Nuria A. Rodriguez Aguilar, Jr",
        "Alfredo E. Escarate Curi",
        "Antero Cubas, Jr",
        "Valery Vargas",
        "Alexandra Julieta Romero Soto"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr.; Luis A. Diaz Tejada; Nuria A. Rodriguez Aguilar, Jr.; Alfredo E. Escarate Curi; Antero Cubas, Jr.; Valery Vargas; Alexandra Julieta Romero Soto, Medical student",
        "Objective": "To synthesize the diagnostic performance of inflammatory biomarkers measured in blood or CSF for distinguishing HAM/TSP patients from HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers and seronegative controls.",
        "Background": "HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disorder lacking validated diagnostic biomarkers for routine clinical use. Although multiple inflammatory mediators have been investigated, no systematic review has specifically synthesized the diagnostic performance of soluble biomarkers measured directly in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA-DTA 2018 and SWiM 2020 guidelines. Observational studies quantifying inflammatory biomarkers directly in serum, plasma, or CSF of HTLV-1-infected adults were included, excluding studies limited to ex vivo stimulated samples, gene expression, or anti-HTLV-1 antibodies. Risk of bias was assessed with JBI checklists and QUADAS-2. Due to substantial heterogeneity, results were synthesized narratively. Diagnostic accuracy was a pre-planned secondary sub-analysis.",
        "Results": "Thirty two studies including 1,118 HAM/TSP patients, 982 asymptomatic carriers, and 878 seronegative controls were analyzed. Seventeen of 32 studies (53%) had low risk of bias (JBI), none high. The most consistently elevated biomarkers in HAM/TSP versus asymptomatic carriers were CSF CXCL10 (3/3 studies; AUC 0.988 and 0.927) and CSF neopterin (3/3 studies; AUC 0.975 and 0.942), each matching or exceeding proviral load in the same cohorts. CSF CXCL9 also discriminated well (AUC 0.971). Serum soluble IL-2 receptor (AUC 0.965, 0.920-1.000) and plasma CXCL10 (AUC 0.917, 0.844-0.989) emerged as accessible alternatives. Serum IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ showed less consistent elevation. Only 5/32 studies reported formal accuracy metrics, and heterogeneity across assays was substantial.",
        "Conclusions": "CSF neopterin and CXCL10 are the most consistently supported candidate diagnostic biomarkers for HAM/TSP, although evidence is limited by heterogeneity, two-gate designs, and data-driven thresholds. Plasma sIL-2R and plasma CXCL10 may provide accessible alternatives. Standardization and prospective validation are needed for clinical implementation.",
        "Disclosures": "Farid Fabricio Rojas, Jr.: Mr. Rojas has nothing to disclose.\nLuis A. Diaz Tejada: Mr. Diaz Tejada has a non-compensated relationship as a President with SIGN UPCH that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nNuria A. Rodriguez Aguilar, Jr.: Miss Rodriguez Aguilar has nothing to disclose.\nAlfredo E. Escarate Curi: Mr. Escarate Curi has nothing to disclose.\nAntero Cubas, Jr.: Mr. Cubas has nothing to disclose.\nValery Vargas: Miss Vargas has nothing to disclose.\nAlexandra Julieta Romero Soto, Medical student: Miss Romero Soto has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CSF neopterin and CXCL10 are the most consistently supported candidate diagnostic biomarkers for HAM/TSP, although evidence is limited by heterogeneity, two-gate designs, and data-driven thresholds. Plasma sIL-2R and plasma CXCL10 may provide accessible alternatives. Standardization and prospective validation are needed for clinical implementation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65284",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65284",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 312
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65285",
      "source_id": "65285",
      "abstract_number": "1-010",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-010",
      "title": "Relationship Between Inflammaging Markers and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review",
      "authors": "Amandine Roure; Jasmin Kumar; Ria Mishra; Akemi Elguea; Amy E. Stone, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Amandine Roure",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amandine Roure",
          "normalized_name": "Amandine Roure",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Roure has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jasmin Kumar",
          "normalized_name": "Jasmin Kumar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Kumar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ria Mishra",
          "normalized_name": "Ria Mishra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Mishra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Akemi Elguea",
          "normalized_name": "Akemi Elguea",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Elguea has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy E. Stone, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Amy E. Stone",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stone has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for W.W. Norton."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amandine Roure",
        "Jasmin Kumar",
        "Ria Mishra",
        "Akemi Elguea",
        "Amy E. Stone"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amandine Roure; Jasmin Kumar; Ria Mishra; Akemi Elguea; Amy E. Stone, PhD",
        "Objective": "This review explores the significance of increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines that are found from the processes of both inflammaging and AD. Through correlations between increases in IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP, these markers may be potential targets for measurement in clinical practice in geriatric populations to catch the onset of AD earlier.",
        "Background": "Inflammaging is defined as low-grade, chronic stress associated with increased age, leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Concurrently, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia worldwide, occurs within the same time frame and is associated with elevated levels of these cytokines as part of its neuroinflammatory pathogenesis.",
        "Design/Methods": "A structured literature review was conducted using PubMed, combined with MeSH searches, and Embase. Using key terms such as “Alzheimer’s Disease,” “inflammation mediators,” and “inflammaging,” cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were found to assess the relationship between inflammatory markers and AD risk in geriatric populations.",
        "Results": "Evidence suggests that IL-6 is associated with increased cognitive decline, while TNF-alpha and CRP do not play a significant role in pathogenesis. This review highlights the predictive potential of inflammatory markers in addition to current diagnostic tools, instead of only relying on physical manifestations and imaging.",
        "Conclusions": "Routinely assessing inflammatory markers offers a promising adjunct to early screening protocols for AD. The recognition of inflammaging at its role in the pathogenesis of AD can prompt earlier interventions. Awareness of how inflammatory markers provide new insights is an important point for physicians. Integration of cytokine monitoring can improve geriatric care in all populations.",
        "Disclosures": "Amandine Roure: Ms. Roure has nothing to disclose.\nJasmin Kumar: Miss Kumar has nothing to disclose.\nRia Mishra: Miss Mishra has nothing to disclose.\nAkemi Elguea: Ms. Elguea has nothing to disclose.\nAmy E. Stone, PhD: Dr. Stone has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for W.W. Norton."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Routinely assessing inflammatory markers offers a promising adjunct to early screening protocols for AD. The recognition of inflammaging at its role in the pathogenesis of AD can prompt earlier interventions. Awareness of how inflammatory markers provide new insights is an important point for physicians. Integration of cytokine monitoring can improve geriatric care in all populations.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65285",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65285",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 258
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65286",
      "source_id": "65286",
      "abstract_number": "1-011",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-011",
      "title": "Neurotoxicity from Bispecific T-cell Engagers: A Single Center Experience",
      "authors": "Donald Langan, Jr., MD; David Sabatino, PharmD; Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH",
      "presenting_author": "Donald Langan, Jr., MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Donald Langan, Jr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Donald Langan, Jr",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Langan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Sabatino, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "David Sabatino, PharmD",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sabatino has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Incyte."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah F. Wesley",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics. Dr. Wesley has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Safety Monitor with Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Donald Langan, Jr",
        "David Sabatino, PharmD",
        "Sarah F. Wesley"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Donald Langan, Jr., MD; David Sabatino, PharmD; Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH",
        "Affiliations": "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons",
        "Objective": "The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze patients receiving bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) at Columbia University-New York Presbyterian Hospital (CU-NYP). We aim to describe the real-world incidence of neurotoxicity associated with these agents along with other descriptive analyses of neurotoxicity associated with BITEs.",
        "Background": "Bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are an immune therapy indicated for hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. They are monoclonal antibodies engineered to mobilize T-cells to specific antigen targets. While mechanistically distinct from chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity (ICANS) has been reported in patients receiving BiTE therapy as well as other forms of neurotoxicity.",
        "Design/Methods": "This is a retrospective single-center analysis. Patients who had received one of the following BiTEs: elranatamab, epcoritamab, glofitamab, mosunetuzumab, talquetamab, tarlatamab, teclistamab, at CU-NYP from 01/01/2020 through 03/01/2025 were identified via Epic report. Chart review was then performed and relevant deidentified clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic information was recorded in a secure database.",
        "Results": "A total of 74 patients were identified as having received at least one dose of a BiTE during the time period. The average age was 69 years. 54% percent of the patients were female. 64% of the group had multiple myeloma. 32% of the group were White and 30% were Black. 32% identified as Hispanic ethnicity. 17 cases of possible ICANS were identified. 5 other neurologic toxicities were identified, including headache, dizziness, and cranial nerve palsy. Additional case data pertaining to clinical phenotypes, treatment, and prognosis is currently being analyzed.",
        "Conclusions": "The rate and severity of neurotoxicity from BiTEs in real-world may be higher than reported in clinical trials. More research is needed to help predict which patients may be more likely to experience neurotoxicity, optimize treatments, and how to better prognosticate on long term neurologic outcomes in patients with neurotoxicity.",
        "Disclosures": "Donald Langan, Jr., MD: Dr. Langan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech.\nDavid Sabatino, PharmD: Dr. Sabatino has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Incyte.\nSarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH: Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics. Dr. Wesley has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Safety Monitor with Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The rate and severity of neurotoxicity from BiTEs in real-world may be higher than reported in clinical trials. More research is needed to help predict which patients may be more likely to experience neurotoxicity, optimize treatments, and how to better prognosticate on long term neurologic outcomes in patients with neurotoxicity.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22383",
          "title": "C20 - CAR-T Cell Therapies and Neurology",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22383",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Rachna Malani, MD, Monica E. Loghin, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to explain the fundamental principles and therapeutic uses of CAR-T cell therapies as they relate to neuroimmunology; identify common neurological complications associated with CAR-T cell treatment; and implement appropriate diagnostic and management strategies for patients experiencing CAR-T cell-related neurotoxicity.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Advanced",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65286",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65286",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65287",
      "source_id": "65287",
      "abstract_number": "1-012",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-012",
      "title": "Update on Phase 2 of KYSA-6, an Open-label, Single-arm, Multicenter Phase 2/3 Study of Miv-cel (Mivocabtagene Autoleucel; KYV-101), a Fully Human CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell Therapy in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG)",
      "authors": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN; Srikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN; Michael C. Hunter, MD; Sarah Hoffmann, MD, PhD; Tobias Hegelmaier; Jeremias Motte, MD; Ralf Gold, MD, FAAN; Charlotte Schubert, MD; Bradley Hunter, MD; Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke, MD; Christian R. Schultze-Florey, MD; Roland Schroers; Francis A. Ayuk, MD; Justin Chou, PhD; Xue Han; John Sun, PhD; Shouvonik Sengupta, PhD; Christine Bryant; Linus D. Sun, MD, PhD; Dena Grayson, MD; Naji Gehchan; Aiden Haghikia, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Marinos C. Dalakas",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Thomas Jefferson University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink."
        },
        {
          "name": "Srikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Srikanth Muppidi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB/Ra Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizont Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for J & J pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael C. Hunter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael C. Hunter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Intermountain Healthcare",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah Hoffmann, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah Hoffmann",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Prof. Hoffmann has received research support from Janssen. The institution of Prof. Hoffmann has received research support from Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tobias Hegelmaier",
          "normalized_name": "Tobias Hegelmaier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Tobias Hegelmaier has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeremias Motte, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jeremias Motte",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UK RUB- St. Josef-Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Prof. Motte has received research support from Ruhr-Univerity Bochum."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ralf Gold, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Ralf Gold",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurologische Universitaetsklinik",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer Vital. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eisai Pharamaceuticals. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for SAGE Publishers. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Novartis. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Gold has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Gold has received research support from Biogen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Charlotte Schubert, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Charlotte Schubert",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Schubert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Alexion, Johnson&Johnson. Mrs. Schubert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion, Argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bradley Hunter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bradley Hunter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kite Pharma. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Caribou Biosciences. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for In8 Bio. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Poseida Therapeutics . Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Kite Pharma. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AbbVie/Genmab. Dr. Hunter has stock in Actinium Pharmaseuticals. The institution of Dr. Hunter has received research support from Johnson & Johnson."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hütter-Krönke has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christian R. Schultze-Florey, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christian R. Schultze-Florey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sobi. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pierre Fabre. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Gilead. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mikrogen. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson&Johnson. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda."
        },
        {
          "name": "Roland Schroers",
          "normalized_name": "Roland Schroers",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Roland Schroers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Francis A. Ayuk, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Francis A. Ayuk",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kite/Giliead. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Miltenyi Biomedicine. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AbbVie. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Therakos. The institution of Prof. Ayuk has received research support from Therakos. The institution of Prof. Ayuk has received research support from Neovii."
        },
        {
          "name": "Justin Chou, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Justin Chou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Chou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Xue Han",
          "normalized_name": "Xue Han",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Xue Han has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna. The institution of Xue Han has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Sun, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John Sun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sun has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shouvonik Sengupta, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shouvonik Sengupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sengupta has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics. An immediate family member of Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christine Bryant",
          "normalized_name": "Christine Bryant",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bryant has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Bryant has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Linus D. Sun, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Linus D. Sun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Denali Therapeutics",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sun has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Denali Therapeutics. Dr. Sun has stock in Denali Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dena Grayson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dena Grayson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Grayson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naji Gehchan",
          "normalized_name": "Naji Gehchan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Tx. Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Eli Lilly. Dr. Gehchan has stock in Eli Lilly."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aiden Haghikia, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Aiden Haghikia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hannover Medical School",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck Serono. The institution of Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Galapagos. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck Serono. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Kyverna. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bayer. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Neuraxpharm. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Biogen. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Sanofi. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Novartis. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Merck Serono. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Celgene."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Marinos C. Dalakas",
        "Srikanth Muppidi",
        "Michael C. Hunter",
        "Sarah Hoffmann",
        "Tobias Hegelmaier",
        "Jeremias Motte",
        "Ralf Gold",
        "Charlotte Schubert",
        "Bradley Hunter",
        "Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke",
        "Christian R. Schultze-Florey",
        "Roland Schroers",
        "Francis A. Ayuk",
        "Justin Chou",
        "Xue Han",
        "John Sun",
        "Shouvonik Sengupta",
        "Christine Bryant",
        "Linus D. Sun",
        "Dena Grayson",
        "Naji Gehchan",
        "Aiden Haghikia"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Intermountain Healthcare",
        "UK RUB- St. Josef-Hospital",
        "Neurologische Universitaetsklinik",
        "Denali Therapeutics",
        "Hannover Medical School"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Thomas Jefferson University",
        "Intermountain Healthcare",
        "UK RUB- St. Josef-Hospital",
        "Neurologische Universitaetsklinik",
        "Denali Therapeutics",
        "Hannover Medical School"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN; Srikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN; Michael C. Hunter, MD; Sarah Hoffmann, MD, PhD; Tobias Hegelmaier; Jeremias Motte, MD; Ralf Gold, MD, FAAN; Charlotte Schubert, MD; Bradley Hunter, MD; Marie Luise Hütter-Krönke, MD; Christian R. Schultze-Florey, MD; Roland Schroers; Francis A. Ayuk, MD; Justin Chou, PhD; Xue Han; John Sun, PhD; Shouvonik Sengupta, PhD; Christine Bryant; Linus D. Sun, MD, PhD; Dena Grayson, MD; Naji Gehchan; Aiden Haghikia, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Thomas Jefferson University\nIntermountain Healthcare\nUK RUB- St. Josef-Hospital\nNeurologische Universitaetsklinik\nDenali Therapeutics\nHannover Medical School",
        "Objective": "Evaluate clinical outcomes with miv-cel in patients with gMG in Phase 2 of KYSA-6 (NCT06193889).",
        "Background": "gMG is a neuromuscular autoimmune disease typically causing substantial disability. Novel therapies that provide greater absolute reduction in MG Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) to minimize or eliminate disease symptoms are needed. Miv-cel is a fully human, autologous CD19 CAR T-cell therapy with CD28 costimulation, designed for potency and tolerability.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adults (18-75y) with gMG (MGFA class IIb-IV), history of AChR or MuSK autoantibodies, MG-ADL score ≥6, and ≥2 immunosuppressant/immunomodulator failures, received low-dose lymphodepletion and a single infusion of 1×10 8 CAR T cells.",
        "Results": "As of February 25, 2026, 7 patients were dosed (mean [range]: age 46.1y [21-62]; MG-ADL 10.6 [7-16]; quantitative MG [QMG] 16.9 [9-28]). Median follow-up was 10.2 months (range, 3.3-16.0). All patients had robust CAR T-cell expansion and B-cell depletion. With a single dose, all patients had ≥3-point MG-ADL improvement versus baseline; 57% achieved minimal symptom expression (MG-ADL ≤1) at their last follow-up. At 24-weeks (n=6), miv-cel treatment resulted in 8.5-point (range, 7-13) and 11.3-point (range, 5-27) mean reductions from baseline in MG-ADL and QMG scores, respectively. All 7 patients became immunotherapy-free (86% at last follow-up). No ICANS or high-grade CRS occurred.",
        "Conclusions": "These findings support the potential of a single dose of miv-cel to deliver durable, drug-free, disease-free remission in patients with moderate to severe gMG. Miv-cel treatment resulted in robust, sustained improvements in disease severity with an acceptable safety profile, and eliminated background immunosuppressants in the majority of patients. Phase 3 is ongoing.",
        "Disclosures": "Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN: Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols, . Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dysimmune Diseases Foundation. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Octapharma. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ARGENX. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for AAN. Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Therapeutic Advances in Neurology (TAND). Dr. Dalakas has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Medlink.\nSrikanth Muppidi, MD, FAAN: Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB/Ra Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizont Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for J & J pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus Pharma. Dr. Muppidi has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nMichael C. Hunter, MD: Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen.\nSarah Hoffmann, MD, PhD: Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Prof. Hoffmann has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Prof. Hoffmann has received research support from Janssen. The institution of Prof. Hoffmann has received research support from Argenx.\nTobias Hegelmaier: Tobias Hegelmaier has nothing to disclose.\nJeremias Motte, MD: The institution of Prof. Motte has received research support from Ruhr-Univerity Bochum.\nRalf Gold, MD, FAAN: Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer Vital. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eisai Pharamaceuticals. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for SAGE Publishers. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Novartis. Dr. Gold has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Gold has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Gold has received research support from Biogen.\nCharlotte Schubert, MD: Mrs. Schubert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx, Alexion, Johnson&Johnson. Mrs. Schubert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion, Argenx.\nBradley Hunter, MD: Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kite Pharma. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Caribou Biosciences. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for In8 Bio. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Poseida Therapeutics . Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Kite Pharma. Dr. Hunter has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AbbVie/Genmab. Dr. Hunter has stock in Actinium Pharmaseuticals. The institution of Dr. Hunter has received research support from Johnson & Johnson.\nMarie Luise Hütter-Krönke, MD: Dr. Hütter-Krönke has nothing to disclose.\nChristian R. Schultze-Florey, MD: Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sobi. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pierre Fabre. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Gilead. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Mikrogen. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson&Johnson. Dr. Schultze-Florey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda.\nRoland Schroers: Roland Schroers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KYVERNA.\nFrancis A. Ayuk, MD: Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kite/Giliead. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Miltenyi Biomedicine. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AbbVie. Prof. Ayuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Therakos. The institution of Prof. Ayuk has received research support from Therakos. The institution of Prof. Ayuk has received research support from Neovii.\nJustin Chou, PhD: Dr. Chou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Chou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nXue Han: Xue Han has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna. The institution of Xue Han has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna.\nJohn Sun, PhD: Dr. Sun has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.\nShouvonik Sengupta, PhD: Dr. Sengupta has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics. An immediate family member of Dr. Sengupta has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics.\nChristine Bryant: Dr. Bryant has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Bryant has or had stock in Kyverna Therapeutics.\nLinus D. Sun, MD, PhD: Dr. Sun has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Denali Therapeutics. Dr. Sun has stock in Denali Therapeutics.\nDena Grayson, MD: Dr. Grayson has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Therapeutics.\nNaji Gehchan: Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Kyverna Tx. Dr. Gehchan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Eli Lilly. Dr. Gehchan has stock in Eli Lilly.\nAiden Haghikia, MD: Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck Serono. The institution of Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Galapagos. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck Serono. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Kyverna. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bayer. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Neuraxpharm. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Biogen. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Sanofi. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Novartis. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Merck Serono. Dr. Haghikia has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a speaker with Celgene."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "These findings support the potential of a single dose of miv-cel to deliver durable, drug-free, disease-free remission in patients with moderate to severe gMG. Miv-cel treatment resulted in robust, sustained improvements in disease severity with an acceptable safety profile, and eliminated background immunosuppressants in the majority of patients. Phase 3 is ongoing.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65287",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65287",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 262
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65288",
      "source_id": "65288",
      "abstract_number": "1-013",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-013",
      "title": "Dopaminergic Dysfunction in Movement and Neurocognitive Toxicity (MNT) After CAR-T Therapy: Dopamine Transporter (DaT) Imaging Findings",
      "authors": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD; Sarah S. Nikiforow, MD, PhD; Irene Ghobrial, MD; Omar Nadeem, MD; Caleb R. McEntire, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Prashanth Rajarajan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rajarajan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarah S. Nikiforow, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah S. Nikiforow",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for A2 Bio. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Atara. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Iovance. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pierre-Fabre. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sobi. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Irene Ghobrial, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Irene Ghobrial",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Disc Medicine . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Regeneron . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kite. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Predicta Biosciences . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Speaker, Presenter with Regeneron ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Omar Nadeem, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Omar Nadeem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Sanofi. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for JNJ. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for GPCR therapeutics. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kite. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astrazeneca. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. An immediate family member of Dr. Nadeem has or had stock in Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Nadeem has received research support from JNJ. The institution of Dr. Nadeem has received research support from BMS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Caleb R. McEntire, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Caleb R. McEntire",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "MGH-Brigham Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McEntire has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Prashanth Rajarajan",
        "Sarah S. Nikiforow",
        "Irene Ghobrial",
        "Omar Nadeem",
        "Caleb R. McEntire"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "MGH-Brigham Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Brigham and Women's Hospital",
        "MGH-Brigham Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD; Sarah S. Nikiforow, MD, PhD; Irene Ghobrial, MD; Omar Nadeem, MD; Caleb R. McEntire, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Brigham and Women's Hospital\nMGH-Brigham Neurology",
        "Objective": "To characterize the movement/neurocognitive neurotoxicity after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), with an emphasis on dopaminergic imaging and synuclein biomarker findings.",
        "Background": "A delayed-onset neurotoxicity syndrome resembling Parkinsonism has been increasingly recognized after BCMA-directed CAR-T therapy in MM patients. Reports suggest an on-target, off-tumor cross-reactivity at the level of the basal ganglia as a possible mechanism. However, detailed characterization of dopamine transporter imaging (DaTscans) and synuclein biomarkers have not been systematically reported in patients with MNT.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-center case series of MM patients treated with BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy and diagnosed with MNT by a neurologist. We collected standard retrospective clinical data. We specifically report results from DaTscans and skin biopsy for phosphorylated a-synuclein when available.",
        "Results": "We identified 10 patients with median age 61.5 years (IQR 60.3-65.3) and follow-up duration of 15.4 months (12.3-16.5). Eight (80%) patients received cilta-cel product, 1 (10%) received ide-cel, and 1 (10%) received BCMA-targeting trial product (zevor-cel). All patients experienced cytokine release syndrome and 3 patients (30%) experienced ICANS (grade 2-3a). Median time to MNT symptom onset was 32 days (29-50). Nine (90%) patients completed a DaTscan after MNT onset and 6 (60%) had an asymmetric, abnormally low uptake in the putamen (4 left, 2 right). An additional patient obtained a positron emission tomography (PET) study revealing hypometabolism in bilateral caudate and putamen. One of 6 patients (16.7%) with skin biopsies was positive for a-synuclein. One of 10 patients achieved full recovery from MNT, 6/10 partial recovery, and 3/10 no recovery; 3 (30%) patients are deceased.",
        "Conclusions": "Our findings suggest dopaminergic pathway involvement in some cases of MNT. One patient had a positive synuclein skin biopsy, which could implicate an underlying synucleinopathy . DaTscans and synuclein biomarkers may provide mechanistic insight and diagnostic utility.",
        "Disclosures": "Prashanth Rajarajan, MD, PhD: Dr. Rajarajan has nothing to disclose.\nSarah S. Nikiforow, MD, PhD: Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for A2 Bio. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Atara. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Iovance. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pierre-Fabre. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sobi. Dr. Nikiforow has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen.\nIrene Ghobrial, MD: An immediate family member of Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Disc Medicine . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Regeneron . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kite. Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Predicta Biosciences . Dr. Ghobrial has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Speaker, Presenter with Regeneron .\nOmar Nadeem, MD: An immediate family member of Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Sanofi. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for JNJ. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for GPCR therapeutics. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kite. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astrazeneca. Dr. Nadeem has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. An immediate family member of Dr. Nadeem has or had stock in Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Nadeem has received research support from JNJ. The institution of Dr. Nadeem has received research support from BMS.\nCaleb R. McEntire, MD: Dr. McEntire has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our findings suggest dopaminergic pathway involvement in some cases of MNT. One patient had a positive synuclein skin biopsy, which could implicate an underlying synucleinopathy . DaTscans and synuclein biomarkers may provide mechanistic insight and diagnostic utility.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65288",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65288",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 308
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65289",
      "source_id": "65289",
      "abstract_number": "1-014",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-014",
      "title": "Brain FDG-PET as an Imaging Biomarker of CAR-T Movement and Neurocognitive Treatment-emergent Toxicity",
      "authors": "Ryan Coburn, MD; Kenneth J. Lim, MBBS; Gemeng Zhang, PhD; Nur Dizdar, MD, FEBNM; Melinda Tan; Christoph Schaefers, MD; Derek Johnson, MD; Hugo Botha, MD; Leland Barnard; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Yi Lin; Michel Toledano, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ryan Coburn, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ryan Coburn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan Coburn",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Coburn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kenneth J. Lim, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Kenneth J. Lim",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lim has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gemeng Zhang, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Gemeng Zhang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Zhang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nur Dizdar, MD, FEBNM",
          "normalized_name": "Nur Dizdar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Dizdar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Melinda Tan",
          "normalized_name": "Melinda Tan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Christoph Schaefers, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christoph Schaefers",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson&Johnson. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Menarini Stemline. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for oncopeptides. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for GSK. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen-Cilag. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda."
        },
        {
          "name": "Derek Johnson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Derek Johnson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Johnson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Telix."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hugo Botha, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Hugo Botha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Botha has received research support from NIH. An immediate family member of Dr. Botha has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Study Section Member with NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leland Barnard",
          "normalized_name": "Leland Barnard",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Leland Barnard has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yi Lin",
          "normalized_name": "Yi Lin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Michel Toledano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michel Toledano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Toledano has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ryan Coburn",
        "Kenneth J. Lim",
        "Gemeng Zhang",
        "Nur Dizdar",
        "Melinda Tan",
        "Christoph Schaefers",
        "Derek Johnson",
        "Hugo Botha",
        "Leland Barnard",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Yi Lin",
        "Michel Toledano"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ryan Coburn, MD; Kenneth J. Lim, MBBS; Gemeng Zhang, PhD; Nur Dizdar, MD, FEBNM; Melinda Tan; Christoph Schaefers, MD; Derek Johnson, MD; Hugo Botha, MD; Leland Barnard; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Yi Lin; Michel Toledano, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nMayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "Evaluate brain fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) as an imaging biomarker of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) associated movement and neurocognitive treatment-emergent toxicity (MNT).",
        "Background": "MNT is an increasingly recognized neurocognitive and hypokinetic movement disorder that develops in patients receiving B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeting CAR-T for multiple myeloma. Diagnosis is challenging due to phenotypic heterogeneity. Although pre-treatment myeloma burden and post-treatment high absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) are described risk factors, there are no established biomarkers. Prior FDG-PET descriptions of MNT have noted frontal-striatal hypometabolism.",
        "Design/Methods": "Twelve MNT cases were identified from a prospectively maintained immune effector cell (IEC) program compliance database (N = 330). Thirty-four neurologically intact cases with high ALC (> 3 × 10 9 /L) and myeloma burden served as a comparison cohort. Pre- and post-treatment full body FDG-PET were processed using an institutional pipeline to generate age-matched Z-scores for brain regions of interest (ROI). Linear mixed effects models were fit to compare ROI Z-scores pre- and post-treatment. Models included fixed effects of time (pre- vs. post-treatment), ROI, and their interaction, with subject included as a random intercept to account for repeated measures. A second model incorporated group membership and its interactions with time and ROI to examine between-group differences. False discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05).",
        "Results": "Model-estimated post-treatment Z-score change from baseline within the MNT group was greatest in the putamen, caudate, and pallidum, all surviving FDR correction (p < 0.05). These effects remained stable and significant when the comparison cohort was incorporated into a combined model. No significant baseline differences in ROI Z-scores were observed between groups.",
        "Conclusions": "Brain FDG-PET in MNT cases revealed significantly decreased basal ganglia metabolism post-treatment. This regional hypometabolism is in keeping with clinical presentation, supporting FDG-PET as a potential imaging biomarker. Additional validation is needed to confirm these findings.",
        "Disclosures": "Ryan Coburn, MD: Dr. Coburn has nothing to disclose.\nKenneth J. Lim, MBBS: Dr. Lim has nothing to disclose.\nGemeng Zhang, PhD: Mr. Zhang has nothing to disclose.\nNur Dizdar, MD, FEBNM: Mrs. Dizdar has nothing to disclose.\nMelinda Tan: No disclosure on file\nChristoph Schaefers, MD: Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson&Johnson. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for AstraZeneca. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Menarini Stemline. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for oncopeptides. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Abbvie. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for GSK. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Janssen-Cilag. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi. Dr. Schaefers has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda.\nDerek Johnson, MD: Dr. Johnson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Telix.\nHugo Botha, MD: Dr. Botha has received research support from NIH. An immediate family member of Dr. Botha has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Study Section Member with NIH.\nLeland Barnard: Leland Barnard has nothing to disclose.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nYi Lin: No disclosure on file\nMichel Toledano, MD: Dr. Toledano has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Brain FDG-PET in MNT cases revealed significantly decreased basal ganglia metabolism post-treatment. This regional hypometabolism is in keeping with clinical presentation, supporting FDG-PET as a potential imaging biomarker. Additional validation is needed to confirm these findings.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65289",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65289",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65290",
      "source_id": "65290",
      "abstract_number": "1-015",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-015",
      "title": "Clinical and Mechanistic Insights into Non-ICANS Neurotoxicity Following BCMA CAR T-cell Therapy",
      "authors": "Leonie Muller-Jensen, MD; Serena S. Kwek, PhD; Anupama D. Kumar, MD; Jiuling Yang; Jun Yan He; Camille Fouassier; Michelle A. Hughes, BS; Lorena Perez-Amill; Priya Dhawan, MD; Jodi Lipof, MD; Darren Pan, MD; Alfred Chung, MD; Taylor Hill; Omar Hernandez; Bonell Patino-Escobar, MD; Arun Wiita, MD, PhD; Peter H. Sayre, MD, PhD; Jeffrey L. Wolf, MD; Ari Green, MD; Thomas Martin, MD; Shagun Arora, MD; Ajai Chari, MD; David Oh, MD, PhD; Sasha Gupta, MD; Ahmed Abdelhak, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Leonie Muller-Jensen, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Leonie Muller-Jensen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Leonie Muller-Jensen",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Muller-Jensen has received research support from Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (EKFS). Dr. Muller-Jensen has received research support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). Dr. Muller-Jensen has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Compensation for invited lecture with AAN."
        },
        {
          "name": "Serena S. Kwek, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Serena S. Kwek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kwek has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anupama D. Kumar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anupama D. Kumar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kumar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astrazeneca. Dr. Kumar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Legend. The institution of Dr. Kumar has received research support from Astrazeneca. The institution of Dr. Kumar has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. Kumar has received research support from Celgene."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jiuling Yang",
          "normalized_name": "Jiuling Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Jiuling Yang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jun Yan He",
          "normalized_name": "Jun Yan He",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. He has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Camille Fouassier",
          "normalized_name": "Camille Fouassier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Fouassier has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michelle A. Hughes, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Michelle A. Hughes",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Hughes has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lorena Perez-Amill",
          "normalized_name": "Lorena Perez-Amill",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Lorena Perez-Amill has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Gyala Therapeutics S.L. The institution of Lorena Perez-Amill has received research support from Spanish State Research Agency (AEI), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain. Lorena Perez-Amill has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Lorena Perez-Amill has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Priya Dhawan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Priya Dhawan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dhawan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jodi Lipof, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jodi Lipof",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lipof has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kite/arcellx. Dr. Lipof has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astrazeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Darren Pan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Darren Pan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Pan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Pan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alfred Chung, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alfred Chung",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chung has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine. Dr. Chung has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myers-Squibb. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Abbvie. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Caelum Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from CARsgen Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine . The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from K36 Therapeutics ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Taylor Hill",
          "normalized_name": "Taylor Hill",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Hill has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Omar Hernandez",
          "normalized_name": "Omar Hernandez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Hernandez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bonell Patino-Escobar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bonell Patino-Escobar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patino-Escobar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Arun Wiita, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Arun Wiita",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wiita has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Wiita has or had stock in Seen Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Peter H. Sayre, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Peter H. Sayre",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sayre has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey L. Wolf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey L. Wolf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wolf has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ari Green, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ari Green",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Green has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for JAMA Neurology. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIH / NINDS. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIH / NINDS. Dr. Green has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas Martin, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas Martin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of GSK. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Lilly. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Pfizer. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of AstraZeneca. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for pfizer. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for astrazeneca. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for gsk. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for pfizer. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Eli Lilly and Company. Dr. Martin has received research support from sanofi. Dr. Martin has received research support from janssen. Dr. Martin has received research support from BMS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shagun Arora, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shagun Arora",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. arora has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ajai Chari, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ajai Chari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chari has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCSF. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for abbvie. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for adaptive. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for amgen. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Antegene. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Forus. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Forus. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Karyopharm. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Chari has received research support from Janssen."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Oh, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "David Oh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Oh has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Revelation Partners. Dr. Oh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Tatum Biosciences. Dr. Oh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartography Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Merck Sharp Dohme. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from PACT Pharma. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Poseida Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from TCR2 Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Nutcracker Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Allogene. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Clasp Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Janux Therapeutics. Dr. Oh has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sasha Gupta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sasha Gupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Legend . Dr. Gupta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmed Abdelhak, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmed Abdelhak",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UCSF Weill Institute of Neuroscience",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Abdelhak has received research support from German Multiple Sclerosis Society."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Leonie Muller-Jensen",
        "Serena S. Kwek",
        "Anupama D. Kumar",
        "Jiuling Yang",
        "Jun Yan He",
        "Camille Fouassier",
        "Michelle A. Hughes",
        "Lorena Perez-Amill",
        "Priya Dhawan",
        "Jodi Lipof",
        "Darren Pan",
        "Alfred Chung",
        "Taylor Hill",
        "Omar Hernandez",
        "Bonell Patino-Escobar",
        "Arun Wiita",
        "Peter H. Sayre",
        "Jeffrey L. Wolf",
        "Ari Green",
        "Thomas Martin",
        "Shagun Arora",
        "Ajai Chari",
        "David Oh",
        "Sasha Gupta",
        "Ahmed Abdelhak"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin",
        "UCSF",
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "UCSF Weill Institute of Neuroscience"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin",
        "UCSF",
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "UCSF Weill Institute of Neuroscience"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Leonie Muller-Jensen, MD; Serena S. Kwek, PhD; Anupama D. Kumar, MD; Jiuling Yang; Jun Yan He; Camille Fouassier; Michelle A. Hughes, BS; Lorena Perez-Amill; Priya Dhawan, MD; Jodi Lipof, MD; Darren Pan, MD; Alfred Chung, MD; Taylor Hill; Omar Hernandez; Bonell Patino-Escobar, MD; Arun Wiita, MD, PhD; Peter H. Sayre, MD, PhD; Jeffrey L. Wolf, MD; Ari Green, MD; Thomas Martin, MD; Shagun Arora, MD; Ajai Chari, MD; David Oh, MD, PhD; Sasha Gupta, MD; Ahmed Abdelhak, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin\nUCSF\nUniversity of California, San Francisco\nUCSF Weill Institute of Neuroscience",
        "Objective": "To characterize clinical phenotypes and immune mechanisms in patients with non-Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (non-ICANS) neurotoxicity following BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy (BCMA CAR-T).",
        "Background": "BCMA CAR-T has transformed the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). However, neurological complications beyond classical ICANS remain poorly understood.",
        "Design/Methods": "We evaluated patients with MM treated with ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) or idecabtagene vicleucel for non-ICANS neurotoxicity, including cases of movement and neurocognitive treatment-emergent adverse events (MNT), neuropathy (NEU), and encephalopathy. Blood and CSF immune profiles were analyzed using Olink ® discovery proteomics and flow cytometry.",
        "Results": "22/191 patients (11.5%; all following cilta-cel; median age, 65; 18 males) were identified, including 8, 13, and 1 MNT, NEU, and encephalopathy case(s), respectively. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) >3×10³ cells/µL between day +7-14 strongly predicted non-ICANS neurotoxicity (OR 7.1, p <0.001). ALC was substantially higher in MNT versus NEU, even 3 months after CAR-T ( p =0.031). CSF pleocytosis with CAR-T cell predominance was common in MNT but not NEU (median cell count, 172/µL vs. 1/µL, p =0.013). Serum and CSF proteomics showed evidence of enhanced cytotoxicity, T-cell activation, and apoptosis in MNT versus NEU. Longitudinal CAR-T cell profiling in an MNT case revealed a memory precursor effector cell-like (MPEC-like) phenotype not observed in NEU. Despite immunosuppression, one MNT patient died and all others experienced neurological sequelae, while 9/13 NEU patients achieved complete recovery.",
        "Conclusions": "Non-ICANS neurotoxicity is associated with high CAR-T cell expansion. While NEU shows good recovery over time, CSF evidence of cytotoxicity and cell death supports CAR-T-cell-mediated neuronal injury as a mechanism of MNT.",
        "Disclosures": "Leonie Muller-Jensen, MD: The institution of Dr. Muller-Jensen has received research support from Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung (EKFS). Dr. Muller-Jensen has received research support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). Dr. Muller-Jensen has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Compensation for invited lecture with AAN.\nSerena S. Kwek, PhD: Dr. Kwek has nothing to disclose.\nAnupama D. Kumar, MD: Dr. Kumar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astrazeneca. Dr. Kumar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Legend. The institution of Dr. Kumar has received research support from Astrazeneca. The institution of Dr. Kumar has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. Kumar has received research support from Celgene.\nJiuling Yang: Jiuling Yang has nothing to disclose.\nJun Yan He: Mr. He has nothing to disclose.\nCamille Fouassier: Mrs. Fouassier has nothing to disclose.\nMichelle A. Hughes, BS: Ms. Hughes has nothing to disclose.\nLorena Perez-Amill: Lorena Perez-Amill has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Gyala Therapeutics S.L. The institution of Lorena Perez-Amill has received research support from Spanish State Research Agency (AEI), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain. Lorena Perez-Amill has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Lorena Perez-Amill has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nPriya Dhawan, MD: Dr. Dhawan has nothing to disclose.\nJodi Lipof, MD: Dr. Lipof has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kite/arcellx. Dr. Lipof has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astrazeneca.\nDarren Pan, MD: Dr. Pan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Pan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Pfizer. Dr. Pan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Regeneron.\nAlfred Chung, MD: Dr. Chung has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine. Dr. Chung has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myers-Squibb. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Abbvie. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Bristol Myers Squibb. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Caelum Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from CARsgen Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from Johnson and Johnson Innovative Medicine . The institution of Dr. Chung has received research support from K36 Therapeutics .\nTaylor Hill: Miss Hill has nothing to disclose.\nOmar Hernandez: Mr. Hernandez has nothing to disclose.\nBonell Patino-Escobar, MD: Dr. Patino-Escobar has nothing to disclose.\nArun Wiita, MD, PhD: Dr. Wiita has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Wiita has or had stock in Seen Therapeutics.\nPeter H. Sayre, MD, PhD: Dr. Sayre has nothing to disclose.\nJeffrey L. Wolf, MD: Dr. Wolf has nothing to disclose.\nAri Green, MD: Dr. Green has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for JAMA Neurology. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIH / NINDS. The institution of Dr. Green has received research support from NIH / NINDS. Dr. Green has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nThomas Martin, MD: Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of GSK. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Lilly. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Pfizer. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of AstraZeneca. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for pfizer. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for astrazeneca. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for gsk. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for pfizer. Dr. Martin has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Eli Lilly and Company. Dr. Martin has received research support from sanofi. Dr. Martin has received research support from janssen. Dr. Martin has received research support from BMS.\nShagun Arora, MD: Dr. arora has nothing to disclose.\nAjai Chari, MD: Dr. Chari has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCSF. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for abbvie. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for adaptive. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for amgen. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Antegene. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Forus. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Forus. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Karyopharm. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Chari has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Chari has received research support from Janssen.\nDavid Oh, MD, PhD: Dr. Oh has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Revelation Partners. Dr. Oh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Tatum Biosciences. Dr. Oh has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cartography Biosciences. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Merck Sharp Dohme. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from PACT Pharma. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Poseida Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from TCR2 Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Nutcracker Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Allogene. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Clasp Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Oh has received research support from Janux Therapeutics. Dr. Oh has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSasha Gupta, MD: Dr. Gupta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Legend . Dr. Gupta has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech.\nAhmed Abdelhak, MD: The institution of Dr. Abdelhak has received research support from German Multiple Sclerosis Society."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Non-ICANS neurotoxicity is associated with high CAR-T cell expansion. While NEU shows good recovery over time, CSF evidence of cytotoxicity and cell death supports CAR-T-cell-mediated neuronal injury as a mechanism of MNT.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22383",
          "title": "C20 - CAR-T Cell Therapies and Neurology",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22383",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by an educational grant from Kyverna Therapeutics, Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Rachna Malani, MD, Monica E. Loghin, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to explain the fundamental principles and therapeutic uses of CAR-T cell therapies as they relate to neuroimmunology; identify common neurological complications associated with CAR-T cell treatment; and implement appropriate diagnostic and management strategies for patients experiencing CAR-T cell-related neurotoxicity.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Advanced",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65290",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65290",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 264
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65291",
      "source_id": "65291",
      "abstract_number": "1-016",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-016",
      "title": "Genetic and Associated Clinical Features of Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis: A Large Multi-ethnic Genome-wide Study",
      "authors": "Bruna de Freitas Dias, MD; Eric Yu, PhD; Sergio Muniz-Castrillo, MD, PhD; Frank Leypoldt, MD; Gregor Kuhlenbäumer; Livia A. Dutra, MD; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD; Kon Chu; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Anna Bastiaansen; Enrique Gomez Figueroa, MD, MSc; Jose J. Flores-Rivera, MD; Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano; Hannah F. Jones, MBBS, PhD, FRACP; Russell Dale; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Thais Armangue, MD; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Ivan K. Chinn, MD; Eyal Muscal; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Sophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD; Adam Al-Diwani, MBBS, PhD; Carsten Finke, MD; Harald Pruess; Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN; Greer Waldrop, MD; Anne-Laurie Pinto; Geraldine Picard, MSc; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Bruna de Freitas Dias, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Bruna de Freitas Dias, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bruna de Freitas Dias",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Stanford university",
          "disclosure": "Dr. de Freitas Dias has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eric Yu, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Eric Yu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sergio Muniz-Castrillo, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sergio Muniz-Castrillo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford university",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muniz-Castrillo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Frank Leypoldt, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Frank Leypoldt",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Frank Leypoldt, MD has received research support from German Ministry of Research BMBF."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gregor Kuhlenbäumer",
          "normalized_name": "Gregor Kuhlenbäumer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Gregor Kuhlenbäumer has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Livia A. Dutra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Livia A. Dutra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Laboratório Fleury. Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Roche."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Soon-Tae Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kon Chu",
          "normalized_name": "Kon Chu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Kon Chu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Maarten J. Titulaer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Erasmus Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anna Bastiaansen",
          "normalized_name": "Anna Bastiaansen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Anna Bastiaansen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Enrique Gomez Figueroa, MD, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Enrique Gomez Figueroa",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gomez Figueroa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen Mexico. Dr. Gomez Figueroa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca Mexico. Dr. Gomez Figueroa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson LATAM."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jose J. Flores-Rivera, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jose J. Flores-Rivera",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Flores-Rivera has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano",
          "normalized_name": "Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hannah F. Jones, MBBS, PhD, FRACP",
          "normalized_name": "Hannah F. Jones",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jones has received research support from Health Research Council of New Zealand. Dr. Jones has received research support from Neurological Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Russell Dale",
          "normalized_name": "Russell Dale",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Children's Hospital At Westmead",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Dale has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thais Armangue, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thais Armangue",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Armangue has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Armangue has received research support from ISCIII(Spanish institute of health) -PI21/00316, Marato TV3, La Caixa Research Foundadion, Pablove Foundation (689368), Torrons Vicens Foundation (PFNR0144), 2021 Invest AEP."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Sandweiss",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ivan K. Chinn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ivan K. Chinn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Chinn has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. Chinn has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eyal Muscal",
          "normalized_name": "Eyal Muscal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Eyal Muscal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sobi. An immediate family member of Eyal Muscal has stock in pfizer."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sophie Binks",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Wellcome Trust. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetSavers. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetPlan. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from NIHR. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Morris Animal Foundation. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ECTRIMS. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Vetmeduni Wien. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ANA. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Speaker with Encephalitis Society UK that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Panel Member with Encephalitis International that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Fellow with JAMA Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adam Al-Diwani, MBBS, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Adam Al-Diwani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Al-Diwani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carsten Finke, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Carsten Finke",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Charité Berlin",
          "disclosure": "Carsten Finke, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myer Squibb. The institution of Carsten Finke, MD has received research support from Euroimmun."
        },
        {
          "name": "Harald Pruess",
          "normalized_name": "Harald Pruess",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Harald Pruess has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Michael R. Wilson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ouro Medicines. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Indapta Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Delve Bio. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cambridge Medical Experts. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Dunham Hallmark. Dr. Wilson has stock in Delve Bio. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Genentech / Roche. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Fanconi Anemia Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert Witness with US Dept of Justice."
        },
        {
          "name": "Greer Waldrop, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Greer Waldrop",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Delve Bio. Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anne-Laurie Pinto",
          "normalized_name": "Anne-Laurie Pinto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Anne-Laurie Pinto has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Geraldine Picard, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Geraldine Picard",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. PICARD has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Emmanuel Mignot",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Jazz Pharmaceutical. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Inc. . Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for EcoR1. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for ApneaCo. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Eisai Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Centessa ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Bruna de Freitas Dias",
        "Eric Yu",
        "Sergio Muniz-Castrillo",
        "Frank Leypoldt",
        "Gregor Kuhlenbäumer",
        "Livia A. Dutra",
        "Soon-Tae Lee",
        "Kon Chu",
        "Maarten J. Titulaer",
        "Anna Bastiaansen",
        "Enrique Gomez Figueroa",
        "Jose J. Flores-Rivera",
        "Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano",
        "Hannah F. Jones",
        "Russell Dale",
        "Josep O. Dalmau",
        "Thais Armangue",
        "Alexander Sandweiss",
        "Ivan K. Chinn",
        "Eyal Muscal",
        "Sarosh R. Irani",
        "Sophie Binks",
        "Adam Al-Diwani",
        "Carsten Finke",
        "Harald Pruess",
        "Michael R. Wilson",
        "Greer Waldrop",
        "Anne-Laurie Pinto",
        "Geraldine Picard",
        "Emmanuel Mignot"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford university",
        "University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology",
        "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "The Children's Hospital At Westmead",
        "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Charité Berlin",
        "University of California San Francisco"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford university",
        "University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology",
        "Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Erasmus Medical Center",
        "The Children's Hospital At Westmead",
        "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Charité Berlin",
        "University of California San Francisco"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Bruna de Freitas Dias, MD; Eric Yu, PhD; Sergio Muniz-Castrillo, MD, PhD; Frank Leypoldt, MD; Gregor Kuhlenbäumer; Livia A. Dutra, MD; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD; Kon Chu; Maarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN; Anna Bastiaansen; Enrique Gomez Figueroa, MD, MSc; Jose J. Flores-Rivera, MD; Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano; Hannah F. Jones, MBBS, PhD, FRACP; Russell Dale; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Thais Armangue, MD; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Ivan K. Chinn, MD; Eyal Muscal; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Sophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD; Adam Al-Diwani, MBBS, PhD; Carsten Finke, MD; Harald Pruess; Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN; Greer Waldrop, MD; Anne-Laurie Pinto; Geraldine Picard, MSc; Emmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford university\nUniversity Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel Department of Neurology\nHospital Israelita Albert Einstein\nDepartment of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital\nSeoul National University Hospital\nErasmus Medical Center\nThe Children's Hospital At Westmead\nIDIBAPS-HClinic\nMayo Clinic\nCharité Berlin\nUniversity of California San Francisco",
        "Objective": "To identify the genetic risk factors underlying anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) through a large multi-ethnic GWAS.",
        "Background": "The genetic predisposition to NMDARE remains poorly understood. Previous studies in different ethnic populations have yielded heterogeneous findings involving HLA and non-HLA loci. A large multi-ethnic study was needed to clarify the genetic architecture underlying NMDARE.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a GWAS followed by PCA-based control matching in a cohort of 817 NMDARE patients and 11,620 healthy controls. Samples from France (n=256), Germany (n=224), Mexico (n=63), South Korea (n=63), the Netherlands (n=50), Brazil (n=42), Spain (n=36), the UK (n=30), New Zealand (n=25), the US (n=21), and Australia (n=7) were included. WGS was conducted in 20 Caucasian case-control pairs, ACP2-homozygous. Clinical and longitudinal data were also analyzed.",
        "Results": "Among cases, 77% were female, 58% Caucasian, with a mean age of onset of 25.4 ± 14.4 years; 19.5% had ovarian teratoma. Three major association peaks were identified: the NR1H3/ACP2 region (rs11039155, β=0.768, SE=0.079, p=3.5×10?²²), DMXL2 (rs2124876, β=−0.391, SE=0.060, p=6.1×10?¹¹), and HLA-DRB1 (rs9271146, β=0.319, SE=0.063, p =4.6×10?7). The ACP2 signal showed a recessive effect (OR=13.4, p=7.8×10?²³). ACP2- homozygous patients (n=57) were 84% Caucasian, all females of reproductive age, and 96.5% without ovarian teratomas. WGS in 20 ACP2-homozygous cases and controls did not reveal any effect. Compared with non-ACP2 carriers matched by sex, ethnicity, and age, ACP2- homozygous patients had more seizures (92%vs77%, p=0.002), more speech disturbance (88%vs57%), more abnormal EEGs (92%vs75%, p=0.02), less pleocytosis (28%vs49%, p=0.02), and lower mRS scores at follow-up (0.95 ± 0.91 vs 1.46 ± 1.39, p=0.008), with no differences in mortality, ICU admission, or relapse rates.",
        "Conclusions": "This study identifies HLA and non-HLA risk loci for NMDARE. DMXL2 represents a novel association present across ethnicities. The ACP2-homozygous subgroup, predominantly Caucasian females, appears to have a milder disease course. These findings identify potential biomarkers and provide insight into disease pathophysiology .",
        "Disclosures": "Bruna de Freitas Dias, MD: Dr. de Freitas Dias has nothing to disclose.\nEric Yu, PhD: Dr. Yu has nothing to disclose.\nSergio Muniz-Castrillo, MD, PhD: Dr. Muniz-Castrillo has nothing to disclose.\nFrank Leypoldt, MD: Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Frank Leypoldt, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Frank Leypoldt, MD has received research support from German Ministry of Research BMBF.\nGregor Kuhlenbäumer: Gregor Kuhlenbäumer has nothing to disclose.\nLivia A. Dutra, MD: Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The institution of Dr. Dutra has received research support from Laboratório Fleury. Dr. Dutra has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Roche.\nSoon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD: Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nKon Chu: Kon Chu has nothing to disclose.\nMaarten J. Titulaer, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dutch Epilepsy Foundations (NEF 19-08). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (ZonMW, Memorabel initiative and E-RARE UltraAIE) . The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Amgen. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Dioraphte (charity). The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Guidepoint Global LLC. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ArgenX. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from ItsME, patient charity foundation. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus Trustfonds. The institution of Dr. Titulaer has received research support from Erasmus MC Foundation. Dr. Titulaer has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Titulaer has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnna Bastiaansen: Anna Bastiaansen has nothing to disclose.\nEnrique Gomez Figueroa, MD, MSc: Dr. Gomez Figueroa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen Mexico. Dr. Gomez Figueroa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca Mexico. Dr. Gomez Figueroa has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Johnson & Johnson LATAM.\nJose J. Flores-Rivera, MD: Dr. Flores-Rivera has nothing to disclose.\nGraciela Ordoñez-Lozano: Graciela Ordoñez-Lozano has nothing to disclose.\nHannah F. Jones, MBBS, PhD, FRACP: Dr. Jones has received research support from Health Research Council of New Zealand. Dr. Jones has received research support from Neurological Foundation.\nRussell Dale: Mr. Dale has nothing to disclose.\nJosep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nThais Armangue, MD: Dr. Armangue has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Armangue has received research support from ISCIII(Spanish institute of health) -PI21/00316, Marato TV3, La Caixa Research Foundadion, Pablove Foundation (689368), Torrons Vicens Foundation (PFNR0144), 2021 Invest AEP.\nAlexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD: Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose.\nIvan K. Chinn, MD: The institution of Dr. Chinn has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. Chinn has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nEyal Muscal: Eyal Muscal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for sobi. An immediate family member of Eyal Muscal has stock in pfizer.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSophie Binks, MD, MBBS, PhD: The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Wellcome Trust. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetSavers. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from PetPlan. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from NIHR. The institution of Dr. Binks has received research support from Morris Animal Foundation. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ECTRIMS. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Vetmeduni Wien. Dr. Binks has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with ANA. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Speaker with Encephalitis Society UK that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Panel Member with Encephalitis International that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Binks has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Fellow with JAMA Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAdam Al-Diwani, MBBS, PhD: Dr. Al-Diwani has nothing to disclose.\nCarsten Finke, MD: Carsten Finke, MD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myer Squibb. The institution of Carsten Finke, MD has received research support from Euroimmun.\nHarald Pruess: Harald Pruess has nothing to disclose.\nMichael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN: Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Pfizer. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ouro Medicines. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Indapta Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an officer or member of the Board of Directors for Delve Bio. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cambridge Medical Experts. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Dunham Hallmark. Dr. Wilson has stock in Delve Bio. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Genentech / Roche. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Fanconi Anemia Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Department of Defense. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Kyverna Therapeutics. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Wilson has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert Witness with US Dept of Justice.\nGreer Waldrop, MD: Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Delve Bio. Dr. Waldrop has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech.\nAnne-Laurie Pinto: Anne-Laurie Pinto has nothing to disclose.\nGeraldine Picard, MSc: Mrs. PICARD has nothing to disclose.\nEmmanuel Mignot, MD, PhD: Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Jazz Pharmaceutical. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Inc. . Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for EcoR1. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for ApneaCo. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Eisai Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Mignot has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Centessa ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This study identifies HLA and non-HLA risk loci for NMDARE. DMXL2 represents a novel association present across ethnicities. The ACP2-homozygous subgroup, predominantly Caucasian females, appears to have a milder disease course. These findings identify potential biomarkers and provide insight into disease pathophysiology .",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Seminar",
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22368",
          "title": "C6 - Genetics and Neurological Autoimmunity",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22368",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Jennifer L. Orthmann Murphy, MD, PhD, E. Ann Yeh, MD, MA, FRCPC",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical, radiologic, and genetic features of adult-onset genetic central nervous system disorders, including leukodystrophies, that may mimic acquired neuroinflammatory diseases; differentiate neurological manifestations of autoinflammatory syndromes, inborn errors of immunity, and autoimmune neurological disorders to improve diagnostic accuracy and guide appropriate testing; and apply current evidence regarding the evaluation and management of neurological complications associated with genetic and immune-mediated disorders, including CTLA-4-related disease and other disorders of immune tolerance.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Advanced",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        },
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65291",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65291",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 362
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65292",
      "source_id": "65292",
      "abstract_number": "1-017",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-017",
      "title": "Associations Between Neighborhood-level Indices and Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis (pNMDARE)",
      "authors": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD; Alice Yu; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Kristen Fisher, DO; Ilana L. Kahn, MD; Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD; Katerina Nastea, MA; Ryan Kammeyer, MD; Amy Young, MD; Jennifer Koop, PhD; Lileth Joy H. Mondok, MD; Leigh N. Sepeta, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer H. Yang",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alice Yu",
          "normalized_name": "Alice Yu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Yu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Sandweiss",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristen Fisher, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Kristen Fisher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ilana L. Kahn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ilana L. Kahn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Childrens National Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kahn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexandra B. Kornbluh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children's National Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kornbluh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katerina Nastea, MA",
          "normalized_name": "Katerina Nastea",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Nastea has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ryan Kammeyer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan Kammeyer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ogborn-Mihm Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received research support from Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy Young, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amy Young",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Young has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jennifer Koop, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer Koop",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Koop has received research support from Bezos Family Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lileth Joy H. Mondok, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lileth Joy H. Mondok",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "MCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mondok has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Leigh N. Sepeta, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Leigh N. Sepeta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children'S National Health System",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sepeta has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Grant PI with Nih. Dr. Sepeta has a non-compensated relationship as a Special volunteer with Nih that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jennifer H. Yang",
        "Alice Yu",
        "Alexander Sandweiss",
        "Kristen Fisher",
        "Ilana L. Kahn",
        "Alexandra B. Kornbluh",
        "Katerina Nastea",
        "Ryan Kammeyer",
        "Amy Young",
        "Jennifer Koop",
        "Lileth Joy H. Mondok",
        "Leigh N. Sepeta"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Baylor College of Medicine",
        "Childrens National Medical Center",
        "Children's National Hospital",
        "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
        "University of Colorado",
        "MCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin",
        "Children'S National Health System"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Baylor College of Medicine",
        "Childrens National Medical Center",
        "Children's National Hospital",
        "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
        "University of Colorado",
        "MCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin",
        "Children'S National Health System"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD; Alice Yu; Alexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD; Kristen Fisher, DO; Ilana L. Kahn, MD; Alexandra B. Kornbluh, MD; Katerina Nastea, MA; Ryan Kammeyer, MD; Amy Young, MD; Jennifer Koop, PhD; Lileth Joy H. Mondok, MD; Leigh N. Sepeta, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD\nBaylor College of Medicine\nChildrens National Medical Center\nChildren's National Hospital\nChildrens Hospital Colorado\nUniversity of Colorado\nMCW - Children'S Hospital of Wisconsin\nChildren'S National Health System",
        "Objective": "To determine the associations between neighborhood-level indices and clinical outcomes in pNMDARE.",
        "Background": "Epidemiologic studies show that pNMDARE has a higher incidence in non-White populations. However, further characterization of health disparity risk factors impacting disease outcomes are unknown.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a multi-center retrospective cohort study of pNMDARE from 2007-2022 at 5 geographically diverse tertiary children’s hospitals. Neighborhood-level indices included Area Deprivation Index (ADI) national percentiles (1-100) and state deciles (1-10), and Childhood Opportunity Index (COI) normed scores (1-100) and quintiles (1-20 “Very Low”; 21-40 “Low”; 41-50 “Moderate”; 51-80 “High”; 81-100 “Very High”) and domains (Education [ED], Health and Environment [HE]), Socioeconomic [SE]). Outcomes included hospitalization duration, EEG and MRI abnormalities, ICU admission, immunotherapy, and modified Rankin Scores (mRS) at admission and 1 year. We employed univariate Wilcoxon ranked sum test to compare disadvantaged (1-40) vs. non-disadvantaged (41-100) COI groups and multivariable linear regression modeling adjusting for age of onset and sex to determine associations between ADI/COI and clinical outcomes.",
        "Results": "We included 200 participants (median age of onset 12.6 years, IQR 5.9 - 15.0, 64% female) in the analysis; 43.5% identified as White Hispanic, 14.5% White Non-Hispanic, 42% Non-White. Median composite national COI score was low (33.0, IQR 12.5-67.0): 57% composite, 52% ED, 68% HE and 54% SE domains were in “Very Low” or “Low” quintiles. mRS at admission was significantly different between disadvantaged vs non-disadvantaged groups for composite COI (p=0.04) and COI HE (p=0.009). Higher deprivation (high ADI, p=0.005, low COI, p=0.004) was associated with higher mRS at admission but not 1 year mRS. There were no associations between ADI/COI and other clinical variables.",
        "Conclusions": "A high proportion of pNMDARE patients are Non-White or Hispanic aligning with prior data. More than half come from disadvantaged neighborhoods based on COI with higher mRS at presentation suggesting a disparity in disease expression.",
        "Disclosures": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD: Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation.\nAlice Yu: Miss Yu has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Sandweiss, MD, PhD: Dr. Sandweiss has nothing to disclose.\nKristen Fisher, DO: Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose.\nIlana L. Kahn, MD: Dr. Kahn has nothing to disclose.\nAlexandra B. Kornbluh, MD: Dr. Kornbluh has nothing to disclose.\nKaterina Nastea, MA: Ms. Nastea has nothing to disclose.\nRyan Kammeyer, MD: The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ogborn-Mihm Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received research support from Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center.\nAmy Young, MD: Dr. Young has nothing to disclose.\nJennifer Koop, PhD: The institution of Dr. Koop has received research support from Bezos Family Foundation.\nLileth Joy H. Mondok, MD: Dr. Mondok has nothing to disclose.\nLeigh N. Sepeta, PhD: Dr. Sepeta has received personal compensation in the range of $500,000-$999,999 for serving as a Grant PI with Nih. Dr. Sepeta has a non-compensated relationship as a Special volunteer with Nih that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "A high proportion of pNMDARE patients are Non-White or Hispanic aligning with prior data. More than half come from disadvantaged neighborhoods based on COI with higher mRS at presentation suggesting a disparity in disease expression.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65292",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65292",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 316
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65293",
      "source_id": "65293",
      "abstract_number": "1-018",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-018",
      "title": "Relapse Burden and Long-term Recovery in LGI1-IgG Autoimmune Encephalitis: Predictors and Treatment Responses",
      "authors": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Soo Hyun Ahn, MD; Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Felipe Jones, MD; Andrea Stabile, MD; Surendra Dasari; Kelsey M. Smith, MD; Jeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Stephen L. Yates, PhD; Panayotes Demakakos; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soo Hyun Ahn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Soo Hyun Ahn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahn has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero."
        },
        {
          "name": "Felipe Jones, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Felipe Jones",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jones has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrea Stabile, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea Stabile",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stabile has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "normalized_name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kelsey M. Smith, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kelsey M. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from UCB Pharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey W. Britton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Britton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Online course with American Clinical Neurophysiology Society."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stephen L. Yates, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Stephen L. Yates",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yates has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Biosciences, Inc.. Dr. Yates has stock in UCB Biosciences, Inc.."
        },
        {
          "name": "Panayotes Demakakos",
          "normalized_name": "Panayotes Demakakos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Panayotes Demakakos has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Soon-Tae Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
        "Soo Hyun Ahn",
        "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
        "Felipe Jones",
        "Andrea Stabile",
        "Surendra Dasari",
        "Kelsey M. Smith",
        "Jeffrey W. Britton",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Stephen L. Yates",
        "Panayotes Demakakos",
        "Soon-Tae Lee",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Mayo Graduate School of Medicine",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Soo Hyun Ahn, MD; Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Felipe Jones, MD; Andrea Stabile, MD; Surendra Dasari; Kelsey M. Smith, MD; Jeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Andrew McKeon, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Stephen L. Yates, PhD; Panayotes Demakakos; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic\nSeoul National University Hospital\nMayo Graduate School of Medicine\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology\nDepartment of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
        "Objective": "To characterize long-term outcomes, relapse burden, and treatment responses in Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1)-IgG Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE).",
        "Background": "Factors that influence relapses and long-term outcomes in LGI1-IgG AE are poorly defined.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective longitudinal study of 171 adults with LGI1-IgG AE evaluated at Mayo Clinic (January 1, 2000-December 31, 2023), with external validation in 64 adults from Seoul National University Hospital. Poor functional (modified Rankin Scale >2), cognitive (Clinical Dementia Rating >0.5), and relapse outcomes were assessed at short-term (3-6 months) and last follow-up. Associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates, and mixed-effects ordinal regression.",
        "Results": "Among 171 Mayo Clinic patients (65% male; median age 66 years), 145 completed 6-month follow-up; 53 (37%) experienced 69 relapses. Corticosteroid use at presentation was associated with favorable short-term functional, cognitive, and seizure outcomes. Poor baseline CDR, treatment delay, and cumulative relapses predicted poor long-term functional and cognitive outcomes. Male sex (OR 3.71; 95% CI, 1.29-10.72; p=0.015) and persistent LGI1-IgG seropositivity (OR 2.94; 95% CI, 1.10-7.86; p=0.032) were associated with relapse. Chronic immunotherapy reduced relapse risk, particularly rituximab (HR 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05-0.76) and chronic corticosteroids (HR 0.32; 95% CI, 0.14-0.73). Higher cumulative relapse burden limited long-term functional recovery (OR 2.94; 95% CI, 1.44-6.01; p=0.003). Validation in the SNUH cohort (64 patients; 18 relapses) confirmed these associations, including relapse risk with persistent LGI1-IgG seropositivity (OR 6.90; 95% CI, 1.40-33.92), poor cognition with baseline CDR, treatment delay, and relapses; and reduced relapse hazard with rituximab (HR 0.06; 95% CI, 0.00-0.89).",
        "Conclusions": "In LGI1-IgG AE, baseline cognitive deficits, treatment delay and cumulative relapses are strongly associated with poor long-term functional and cognitive outcomes. Persistent LGI1-IgG seropositivity identifies patients at increased risk of relapse. Strategies that prevent relapses, particularly rituximab and chronic corticosteroid therapy appear to be essential for optimizing sustained recovery.",
        "Disclosures": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD: Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose.\nSoo Hyun Ahn, MD: Dr. Ahn has nothing to disclose.\nAndreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD: Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero.\nFelipe Jones, MD: Dr. Jones has nothing to disclose.\nAndrea Stabile, MD: Dr. Stabile has nothing to disclose.\nSurendra Dasari: Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose.\nKelsey M. Smith, MD: The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from UCB Pharmaceuticals.\nJeffrey W. Britton, MD, FAAN: Dr. Britton has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Online course with American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nStephen L. Yates, PhD: Dr. Yates has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of UCB Biosciences, Inc.. Dr. Yates has stock in UCB Biosciences, Inc..\nPanayotes Demakakos: Panayotes Demakakos has nothing to disclose.\nSoon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD: Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In LGI1-IgG AE, baseline cognitive deficits, treatment delay and cumulative relapses are strongly associated with poor long-term functional and cognitive outcomes. Persistent LGI1-IgG seropositivity identifies patients at increased risk of relapse. Strategies that prevent relapses, particularly rituximab and chronic corticosteroid therapy appear to be essential for optimizing sustained recovery.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65293",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65293",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 328
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65294",
      "source_id": "65294",
      "abstract_number": "1-019",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-019",
      "title": "Limbic and Striatal Atrophy Corresponds to Regional Gene Expression in LGI1-IgG Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Albert Aboseif, DO; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Sravya Kondrakunta, PhD; Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Andrea Stabile, MD; Anuja R. Patil, MD, DM; Xiaoyang Li, MD; Pallab Sarker; Luke Christenson; Benjamin H. Brinkmann, PhD; Christopher Schwarz; Kejal Kantarci, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Michael Basso, PhD; Dean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Burcu Zeydan, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero."
        },
        {
          "name": "Albert Aboseif, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Albert Aboseif",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Rochester",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aboseif has received research support from the Eugene & Marcia Applebaum Fellowship Grant."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Cacciaguerra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sravya Kondrakunta, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Sravya Kondrakunta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kondrakunta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrea Stabile, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea Stabile",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Stabile has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anuja R. Patil, MD, DM",
          "normalized_name": "Anuja R. Patil",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Xiaoyang Li, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Xiaoyang Li",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Li has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pallab Sarker",
          "normalized_name": "Pallab Sarker",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Pallab Sarker has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luke Christenson",
          "normalized_name": "Luke Christenson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Christenson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Benjamin H. Brinkmann, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Benjamin H. Brinkmann",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Brinkmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Dr. Brinkmann has stock in Cadence Neuroscience. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from Epilepsy Foundation of America. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from UNEEG A/S. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from Seer Medical Pty. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from Neurelis Inc. Dr. Brinkmann has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher Schwarz",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher Schwarz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Christopher Schwarz has received research support from NIH."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kejal Kantarci, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kejal Kantarci",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from Eli Lilly. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from ADDF. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from Eisai. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from BioArctic."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew McKeon, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew McKeon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia Zekeridou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael Basso, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Basso",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Basso has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Dean M. Wingerchuk",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Meyer Squibb. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abcuro. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wolters Kluwers."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sean J. Pittock",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Burcu Zeydan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Burcu Zeydan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Zeydan has received research support from National Institutes of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
        "Albert Aboseif",
        "Laura Cacciaguerra",
        "Sravya Kondrakunta",
        "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
        "Andrea Stabile",
        "Anuja R. Patil",
        "Xiaoyang Li",
        "Pallab Sarker",
        "Luke Christenson",
        "Benjamin H. Brinkmann",
        "Christopher Schwarz",
        "Kejal Kantarci",
        "Andrew McKeon",
        "Anastasia Zekeridou",
        "Michael Basso",
        "Dean M. Wingerchuk",
        "Sarosh R. Irani",
        "Sean J. Pittock",
        "Burcu Zeydan",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic Rochester",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic Rochester",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor",
        "Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic",
        "Mayo Clinic Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Albert Aboseif, DO; Laura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD; Sravya Kondrakunta, PhD; Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Andrea Stabile, MD; Anuja R. Patil, MD, DM; Xiaoyang Li, MD; Pallab Sarker; Luke Christenson; Benjamin H. Brinkmann, PhD; Christopher Schwarz; Kejal Kantarci, MD; Andrew McKeon, MD; Anastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN; Michael Basso, PhD; Dean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Sean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN; Burcu Zeydan, MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic Rochester\nMayo Clinic\n26, Dept of Neurology, 3rd floor\nNeuroimmunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic\nMayo Clinic Dept of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To characterize regional brain atrophy patterns, evaluate their association with regional leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 (LGI1) gene expression, and identify clinical predictors of hippocampal atrophy in LGI1-IgG autoimmune encephalitis (AE).",
        "Background": "Residual brain atrophy associates with worse functional outcomes in LGI1-AE. The regional distribution of atrophy and its clinical determinants remain incompletely characterized.",
        "Design/Methods": "This observational study compared regional brain volumes in an LGI1-AE cohort versus age-and-sex matched healthy controls (HC) and patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). LGI1 gene expression was derived from the Allen Human Brain Atlas. Multivariable linear regression and generalized linear models were used for association studies.",
        "Results": "A total of 55 LGI1-AE patients were included. Median age was 68 years (IQR 62.5, 74.2) at volumetric analysis, after a median of 19 months (IQR 11, 45) from symptom onset. Compared to HC and AD, LGI1-AE had greater regional atrophy of the hippocampus, medial temporal lobe, insula, caudate, and putamen (p<0.002). Longitudinal analyses (n=17) demonstrated hippocampal and pallidal volume decline, remaining significant after co-variate adjustment. Regions with greatest differential atrophy, relative to comparators, corresponded with higher LGI1 gene expression (Spearman ρ = 0.7, p=0.005). Severe cognitive deficits at diagnosis (i.e., higher clinical dementia rating [CDR], β= -0.56; p=0.002) and longer disease duration at time of MRI (β= -0.01; p=0.001) independently predicted total hippocampal volume (R 2 = 0.31). Smaller temporal (p=0.01), frontal (p=0.04), and parietal (p=0.03) volumes were associated with a higher proportion of impaired neuropsychological tests.",
        "Conclusions": "LGI1-AE is associated with a distinct pattern of limbic and striatal atrophy that differs from AD and aligns with regional LGI1 expression, supporting a model of selective network vulnerability involving limbic and striatal circuits. Greater baseline cognitive impairment and longer disease duration independently associated with hippocampal atrophy, underscoring the potential importance of early diagnosis and treatment to limit structural brain injury.",
        "Disclosures": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD: Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero.\nAlbert Aboseif, DO: Dr. Aboseif has received research support from the Eugene & Marcia Applebaum Fellowship Grant.\nLaura Cacciaguerra, MD, PhD: Dr. Cacciaguerra has nothing to disclose.\nSravya Kondrakunta, PhD: Dr. Kondrakunta has nothing to disclose.\nNaveen K. Paramasivan, MD: Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose.\nAndrea Stabile, MD: Dr. Stabile has nothing to disclose.\nAnuja R. Patil, MD, DM: Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose.\nXiaoyang Li, MD: Dr. Li has nothing to disclose.\nPallab Sarker: Pallab Sarker has nothing to disclose.\nLuke Christenson: Mr. Christenson has nothing to disclose.\nBenjamin H. Brinkmann, PhD: Dr. Brinkmann has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Eisai. Dr. Brinkmann has stock in Cadence Neuroscience. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from Epilepsy Foundation of America. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from UNEEG A/S. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from Seer Medical Pty. The institution of Dr. Brinkmann has received research support from Neurelis Inc. Dr. Brinkmann has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nChristopher Schwarz: The institution of Christopher Schwarz has received research support from NIH.\nKejal Kantarci, MD: The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from Eli Lilly. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from ADDF. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from Eisai. The institution of Dr. Kantarci has received research support from BioArctic.\nAndrew McKeon, MD: The institution of Dr. McKeon has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. McKeon has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAnastasia Zekeridou, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Zekeridou has received research support from Roche/Genentech. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Zekeridou has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nMichael Basso, PhD: Dr. Basso has nothing to disclose.\nDean M. Wingerchuk, MD, FAAN: Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Meyer Squibb. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB Pharma. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Abcuro. Dr. Wingerchuk has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Wolters Kluwers.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSean J. Pittock, MD, FAAN: Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion/AstraZeneka. The institution of Dr. Pittock has received research support from NIH. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Pittock has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nBurcu Zeydan, MD: The institution of Dr. Zeydan has received research support from National Institutes of Health.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "LGI1-AE is associated with a distinct pattern of limbic and striatal atrophy that differs from AD and aligns with regional LGI1 expression, supporting a model of selective network vulnerability involving limbic and striatal circuits.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65294",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65294",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 316
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65295",
      "source_id": "65295",
      "abstract_number": "1-020",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-020",
      "title": "Clinical Factors Associated with ICU Admission in Autoimmune Encephalitis: Insights from a Multicenter Latin American Registry (REAL-LABIC)",
      "authors": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD; Miguel A. Vences, MD; Julian A. Rivillas, MD; Daniel A. Godoy, Sr., MD",
      "presenting_author": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alarcon Ruiz has received research support from Universidad Científica del Sur."
        },
        {
          "name": "Miguel A. Vences, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Miguel A. Vences",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vences has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Julian A. Rivillas, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Julian A. Rivillas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rivillas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Daniel A. Godoy, Sr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Daniel A. Godoy, Sr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Godoy has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz",
        "Miguel A. Vences",
        "Julian A. Rivillas",
        "Daniel A. Godoy, Sr"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD; Miguel A. Vences, MD; Julian A. Rivillas, MD; Daniel A. Godoy, Sr., MD",
        "Affiliations": "Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas",
        "Objective": "To identify clinical factors associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission in autoimmune encephalitis (AE).",
        "Background": "ICU admission is frequent in AE, but predictors of ICU requirement in low- and middle-income settings remain poorly characterized.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective analysis of the multicenter REAL-LABIC registry, including patients with probable or definite AE from six Latin American countries (2017-2022). The primary outcome was ICU admission. Age-stratified analyses were performed. Associations between clinical variables and ICU admission were evaluated using logistic regression models. An exploratory clinical severity score (0-5 points) was constructed based on bedside features at presentation, assigning one point each for dysautonomia, movement disorders, seizures, altered level of consciousness, and heart rate >90/min.",
        "Results": "Among 154 patients, 86 (55.8%) required ICU admission, more frequently in children than adults (65.5% vs 43.3%, p=0.006). In unadjusted analyses, multiple features were associated with ICU admission, particularly in adults, including dysautonomia, movement disorders, tachycardia, abnormal EEG and brain CT. In adjusted models, fewer independent associations were identified. In adults, shorter time from symptom onset to diagnosis (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98), abnormal brain CT (OR 7.14, 95% CI 2.47-20.60), and a higher clinical severity score (≥3 points) (OR 16.90, 95% CI 1.83-155.86) were associated with ICU admission. In children, only female sex remained associated (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.20-6.79). The severity score showed good discrimination for ICU admission in adults (AUC 0.81, 95% CI 0.70-0.91) but not in children (AUC 0.49, 95% CI 0.37-0.62).",
        "Conclusions": "ICU admission in AE is associated with global clinical severity rather than isolated features, with distinct age-related patterns. A simple bedside severity score may help identify adults at higher risk of ICU admission, although external validation is required. Pediatric predictors were limited, suggesting differences in disease presentation and risk stratification.",
        "Disclosures": "Christoper A. Alarcon Ruiz, MD: Dr. Alarcon Ruiz has received research support from Universidad Científica del Sur.\nMiguel A. Vences, MD: Dr. Vences has nothing to disclose.\nJulian A. Rivillas, MD: Dr. Rivillas has nothing to disclose.\nDaniel A. Godoy, Sr., MD: Prof. Godoy has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "ICU admission in AE is associated with global clinical severity rather than isolated features, with distinct age-related patterns. A simple bedside severity score may help identify adults at higher risk of ICU admission, although external validation is required. Pediatric predictors were limited, suggesting differences in disease presentation and risk stratification.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65295",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65295",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 312
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65296",
      "source_id": "65296",
      "abstract_number": "1-021",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-021",
      "title": "Practice Variation in Treatment of NMDAR- IgG Encephalitis Across International Centers from the Clinical Outcomes in Autoimmune Encephalitis Study (COAST)",
      "authors": "Nivethitha Manohar, MD; Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha; Meredith Dever, MPH; Nicholas Thompson; Justin Abbatemarco, MD; Hesham A. Abboud, MD; Adrian Budhram, MD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS; Tirisham Gyang, MD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Rodrigo Hasbun; Julien Hebert, MD; Jyh Yung Hor, MD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan, MD; Joseph C. LaPorta; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD; Ahmad Mahadeen, MD; Giovanna Manzano, MD; Mariano Marrodan, MD; Jennifer McCombe, MD; Alexandra Muccilli, MD; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD; Kristine H. O'Phelan, MD; John Probasco, MD, FAAN; Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Shailee S. Shah, MD; Andrew Solomon, MD, FAAN; Arun Venkatesan, MD, PhD; Amy Kunchok, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Nivethitha Manohar, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nivethitha Manohar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nivethitha Manohar",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Cleveland Clinic Foundation",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Manohar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha",
          "normalized_name": "Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Ongphichetmetha has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meredith Dever, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Meredith Dever",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Dever has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicholas Thompson",
          "normalized_name": "Nicholas Thompson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Nicholas Thompson has received research support from EMD Serono."
        },
        {
          "name": "Justin Abbatemarco, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Justin Abbatemarco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech . Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics, Inc.. Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hesham A. Abboud, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Hesham A. Abboud",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech . Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alpine Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Axonics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Genentech . The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from BMS. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Sanofi-Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from UCB. Dr. Abboud has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adrian Budhram, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adrian Budhram",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "London Health Sciences Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rajesh K. Gupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UTHealth",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tirisham Gyang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Tirisham Gyang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Ohio State Univeristy, Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gyang has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rodrigo Hasbun",
          "normalized_name": "Rodrigo Hasbun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Rodrigo Hasbun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biomeriaux. The institution of Rodrigo Hasbun has received research support from Biomeriaux."
        },
        {
          "name": "Julien Hebert, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Julien Hebert",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Toronto Western Hospital (University Health Network)",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hebert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Paladin Labs. Dr. Hebert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Gowling WLG. The institution of Dr. Hebert has received research support from Praxis Precision Medicine."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jyh Yung Hor, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jyh Yung Hor",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Penang General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hor has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN",
          "normalized_name": "Sarosh R. Irani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jitprapaikulsan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joseph C. LaPorta",
          "normalized_name": "Joseph C. LaPorta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Cincinnati - Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Mr. LaPorta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Soon-Tae Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmad Mahadeen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmad Mahadeen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Mississippi Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mahadeen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Giovanna Manzano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Giovanna Manzano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mariano Marrodan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mariano Marrodan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Marrodan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jennifer McCombe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer McCombe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Alberta",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McCombe has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. McCombe has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexandra Muccilli, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexandra Muccilli",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Saint Michael's Hospital - Multiple Sclerosis Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda L. Piquet",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mayra Montalvo Perero",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Florida",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG THERAPEUTICS. Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristine H. O'Phelan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kristine H. O'Phelan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Miami",
          "disclosure": "Dr. O'Phelan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bard Medical. Dr. O'Phelan has a non-compensated relationship as a DSMB member SIREN network with NIH/NINDS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Probasco, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "John Probasco",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Probasco has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for NEJM Clinician. The institution of Dr. Probasco has received research support from Roche/Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy M. Quek, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy M. Quek",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "National University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shailee S. Shah, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shailee S. Shah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Shah has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Solomon, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Solomon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Solomon has received research support from Bristol Meyers Squibb."
        },
        {
          "name": "Arun Venkatesan, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Arun Venkatesan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Venkatesan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Venkatesan has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Venkatesan has received research support from U.S. DOD."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy Kunchok, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amy Kunchok",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Cleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kunchok has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology:Open Access Journal ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nivethitha Manohar",
        "Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha",
        "Meredith Dever",
        "Nicholas Thompson",
        "Justin Abbatemarco",
        "Hesham A. Abboud",
        "Adrian Budhram",
        "Stacey Clardy",
        "Rajesh K. Gupta",
        "Tirisham Gyang",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Rodrigo Hasbun",
        "Julien Hebert",
        "Jyh Yung Hor",
        "Sarosh R. Irani",
        "Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan",
        "Joseph C. LaPorta",
        "Soon-Tae Lee",
        "Ahmad Mahadeen",
        "Giovanna Manzano",
        "Mariano Marrodan",
        "Jennifer McCombe",
        "Alexandra Muccilli",
        "Amanda L. Piquet",
        "Mayra Montalvo Perero",
        "Kristine H. O'Phelan",
        "John Probasco",
        "Amy M. Quek",
        "Shailee S. Shah",
        "Andrew Solomon",
        "Arun Venkatesan",
        "Amy Kunchok"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Cleveland Clinic Foundation",
        "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "University of Utah",
        "UTHealth",
        "Ohio State Univeristy, Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurology",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Toronto Western Hospital (University Health Network)",
        "Penang General Hospital",
        "Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital",
        "University of Cincinnati - Neurology",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
        "University of Mississippi Medical Center",
        "Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni",
        "University of Alberta",
        "Saint Michael's Hospital - Multiple Sclerosis Clinic",
        "University of Colorado",
        "University of Florida",
        "University of Miami",
        "The Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Cleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Cleveland Clinic Foundation",
        "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
        "London Health Sciences Centre",
        "University of Utah",
        "UTHealth",
        "Ohio State Univeristy, Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurology",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Toronto Western Hospital (University Health Network)",
        "Penang General Hospital",
        "Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital",
        "University of Cincinnati - Neurology",
        "Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital",
        "University of Mississippi Medical Center",
        "Institute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni",
        "University of Alberta",
        "Saint Michael's Hospital - Multiple Sclerosis Clinic",
        "University of Colorado",
        "University of Florida",
        "University of Miami",
        "The Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "National University Hospital",
        "Johns Hopkins Hospital",
        "Cleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nivethitha Manohar, MD; Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha; Meredith Dever, MPH; Nicholas Thompson; Justin Abbatemarco, MD; Hesham A. Abboud, MD; Adrian Budhram, MD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS; Tirisham Gyang, MD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Rodrigo Hasbun; Julien Hebert, MD; Jyh Yung Hor, MD; Sarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN; Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan, MD; Joseph C. LaPorta; Soon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD; Ahmad Mahadeen, MD; Giovanna Manzano, MD; Mariano Marrodan, MD; Jennifer McCombe, MD; Alexandra Muccilli, MD; Amanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN; Mayra Montalvo Perero, MD; Kristine H. O'Phelan, MD; John Probasco, MD, FAAN; Amy M. Quek, MBBS; Shailee S. Shah, MD; Andrew Solomon, MD, FAAN; Arun Venkatesan, MD, PhD; Amy Kunchok, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Cleveland Clinic Foundation\nUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center\nLondon Health Sciences Centre\nUniversity of Utah\nUTHealth\nOhio State Univeristy, Wexner Medical Center, Department of Neurology\nMayo Clinic\nToronto Western Hospital (University Health Network)\nPenang General Hospital\nFaculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital\nUniversity of Cincinnati - Neurology\nDepartment of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital\nUniversity of Mississippi Medical Center\nInstitute for Neurological Research Raul Carrea. Fleni\nUniversity of Alberta\nSaint Michael's Hospital - Multiple Sclerosis Clinic\nUniversity of Colorado\nUniversity of Florida\nUniversity of Miami\nThe Johns Hopkins Hospital\nNational University Hospital\nJohns Hopkins Hospital\nCleveland Clinic - Mellen Centre",
        "Objective": "To 1) examine the baseline characteristics of patients with NMDAR-IgG encephalitis (NMDAR-IgG AE) and 2) understand practice variation in the treatment of NMDAR-IgG AE across international centers contributing to the Clinical Outcomes in Autoimmune Encephalitis Study (COAST).",
        "Background": "NMDAR-IgG AE is treated with acute immunosuppressive therapy (IST). Second-line therapies like rituximab and cyclophosphamide are used in refractory cases. However, the optimal treatment regimen and duration of treatment is not established.",
        "Design/Methods": "Descriptive statistics summarized baseline cohort characteristics. Outcome measures were modified rankin scale (mRS) and clinical assessment scale for autoimmune encephalitis (CASE). Computations were performed in R, version 4.1.1.",
        "Results": "In this international, multicenter study we included 126 NMDAR-IgG AE patients. The median age at onset was 27 (21, 33) and 98 (77.8 %) were female. Presenting symptoms included psychiatric dysfunction (108 (85.7%)), seizures (81 (64.3%)), and movement disorders (67 (53.2%)). Median baseline mRS was 4 (3,5), and median baseline total CASE score was 9 (6,16). Teratoma was identified in 39/112 (34.8%) patients. CSF showed leukocytosis in 77/118 (65.2%) patients. Median length of stay in the hospital was 39 (17,61) days, and 69/116 (59.5%) patients had an ICU admission for a median of 25 (12,53) days. Median time to first-line IST (IVMP, IVIG, PLEX) was 3 (2,7) weeks after symptom onset. Patients received varied second-line therapies including rituximab (76 (60.3%)), corticosteroids (30 (23.8%)), IV/oral cyclophosphamide (17 (13.5%)), mycophenolate mofetil (8, (6.3%)), azathioprine (6, (4.8%)), tocilizumab (5, (4.0%)), bortezomib (5, (4.0%)), methotrexate (1, (0.8%)) and IVIG (1 (0.8%). At the last follow up visit, patients had a median mRS of 1 (0,2) and median total CASE score of 1 (0,3).",
        "Conclusions": "Multicenter international data demonstrates substantial practice variation across centers, especially regarding the type and duration of second-line therapies. Further studies are underway to determine optimal treatment regimens.",
        "Disclosures": "Nivethitha Manohar, MD: Dr. Manohar has nothing to disclose.\nTatchaporn Ongphichetmetha: Miss Ongphichetmetha has nothing to disclose.\nMeredith Dever, MPH: Ms. Dever has nothing to disclose.\nNicholas Thompson: The institution of Nicholas Thompson has received research support from EMD Serono.\nJustin Abbatemarco, MD: Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech . Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics, Inc.. Dr. Abbatemarco has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen.\nHesham A. Abboud, MD: Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech . Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alpine Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Axonics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Genentech . The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from BMS. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Sanofi-Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from UCB. Dr. Abboud has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAdrian Budhram, MD: Dr. Budhram has nothing to disclose.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed.\nRajesh K. Gupta, MBBS: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nTirisham Gyang, MD: Dr. Gyang has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nRodrigo Hasbun: Rodrigo Hasbun has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biomeriaux. The institution of Rodrigo Hasbun has received research support from Biomeriaux.\nJulien Hebert, MD: Dr. Hebert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Paladin Labs. Dr. Hebert has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Gowling WLG. The institution of Dr. Hebert has received research support from Praxis Precision Medicine.\nJyh Yung Hor, MD: Dr. Hor has nothing to disclose.\nSarosh R. Irani, MD, PhD, FRCP, FEAN: Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion, Argenex, Atheneum, AZ, Clarivate, IQVIA, BioHaven therapeutics. Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion US, Amgen, Argenx . Dr. Irani has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Brain. The institution of Dr. Irani has received research support from Amgen. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Irani has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJiraporn Jitprapaikulsan, MD: Dr. Jitprapaikulsan has nothing to disclose.\nJoseph C. LaPorta: Mr. LaPorta has nothing to disclose.\nSoon-Tae Lee, MD, PhD: Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Advanced Neural Technologies. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Piehealthcare. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Salted. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche/Genentech. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for argenx. Prof. Lee has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. The institution of Prof. Lee has received research support from Roche. Prof. Lee has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nAhmad Mahadeen, MD: Dr. Mahadeen has nothing to disclose.\nGiovanna Manzano, MD: Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Gilead Sciences. Dr. Manzano has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for InfuCare Rx.\nMariano Marrodan, MD: Dr. Marrodan has nothing to disclose.\nJennifer McCombe, MD: Dr. McCombe has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. McCombe has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen.\nAlexandra Muccilli, MD: Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Biogen. Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Muccilli has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion.\nAmanda L. Piquet, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Kyverna . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Sands Anderson PC. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Joe Jones Law Firm. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Cortez & Associates. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Falk Waas. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Rocky Mountain MS Center. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Roche/Genentech. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from NYU. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Anokion. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from UCB . The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Foundation for Sarcoidosis. The institution of Dr. Piquet has received research support from Kyverna . Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Piquet has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Litigative Consultant with US-Dept HHS/DICP. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance (AEA) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Piquet has a non-compensated relationship as a Medical Advisory Board Member with Stiff Person Syndrome Research Foundation (SPSRF) that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nMayra Montalvo Perero, MD: Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG THERAPEUTICS. Dr. Montalvo Perero has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN.\nKristine H. O'Phelan, MD: Dr. O'Phelan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bard Medical. Dr. O'Phelan has a non-compensated relationship as a DSMB member SIREN network with NIH/NINDS that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nJohn Probasco, MD, FAAN: Dr. Probasco has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for NEJM Clinician. The institution of Dr. Probasco has received research support from Roche/Genentech.\nAmy M. Quek, MBBS: The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Astra Zeneca. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. The institution of Dr. Quek has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Astra Zeneca.\nShailee S. Shah, MD: Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Shah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Shah has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nAndrew Solomon, MD, FAAN: Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech/Roche . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals . Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Solomon has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Solomon has received research support from Bristol Meyers Squibb.\nArun Venkatesan, MD, PhD: Dr. Venkatesan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Venkatesan has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Venkatesan has received research support from U.S. DOD.\nAmy Kunchok, MBBS: Dr. Kunchok has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology:Open Access Journal ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Multicenter international data demonstrates substantial practice variation across centers, especially regarding the type and duration of second-line therapies. Further studies are underway to determine optimal treatment regimens.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65296",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65296",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 321
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65297",
      "source_id": "65297",
      "abstract_number": "1-022",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-022",
      "title": "Epidemiology of Autoimmune Encephalitis in the West: A Multi-health System Population-based Study in Utah",
      "authors": "Sydney Lee, MD; Jonathan Trout, MD; Sara Moss, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Timothy W. West, MD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Sydney Lee, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sydney Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sydney Lee",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Trout, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Trout",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Trout has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sara Moss, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sara Moss",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Primary Children's Eccles",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Moss has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "normalized_name": "Ka-Ho Wong",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "U of U Neurology Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Melissa A. Wright",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Timothy W. West, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Timothy W. West",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Intermountain Health - Salt Lake Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD serono. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genzyme."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sydney Lee",
        "Jonathan Trout",
        "Sara Moss",
        "Ka-Ho Wong",
        "Melissa A. Wright",
        "Tammy L. Smith",
        "Timothy W. West",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah",
        "Primary Children's Eccles",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Intermountain Health - Salt Lake Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah",
        "Primary Children's Eccles",
        "U of U Neurology Clinic",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Intermountain Health - Salt Lake Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sydney Lee, MD; Jonathan Trout, MD; Sara Moss, MD; Ka-Ho Wong; Melissa A. Wright, MD; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Timothy W. West, MD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah\nPrimary Children's Eccles\nU of U Neurology Clinic\nImaging and Neurosciences Center\nIntermountain Health - Salt Lake Clinic",
        "Objective": "Estimate the incidence and prevalence of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) among patients seen at two major health systems serving approximately 70% of residents in the state of Utah.",
        "Background": "The detection of AE may be increasing over time, owing to increased awareness of the diagnosis and an increasing number of validated antibody biomarkers available to aid in diagnosis.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adult and pediatric cases of AE diagnosed from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2024 at one of two major health systems in Utah were identified via ICD codes and confirmed by manual chart review in accordance with the 2016 adult and 2020 pediatric consensus diagnostic criteria. Incidence rates (new cases per 100,000 person-years) and point prevalence (cases per 100,000 persons as of December 31, 2024) were calculated for AE and infectious encephalitis. 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the exact Poisson method. Data from the second major health system in Utah will be integrated in a subsequent analysis.",
        "Results": "Of 1264 patients seen at one major health system with an encephalitis-related ICD code and a residential address in the state of Utah, 76 patients had AE (54 definite and 22 probable; 54% male, median age 55 years [range 4-80]) and 48 had infectious encephalitis (pathogen confirmed). The incidence of AE was 1.96 per 100,000 person years (95% CI 1.49-2.49) and point prevalence was 17.68 per 100,000 people (95% CI 13.54-22.38). The incidence of infectious encephalitis was 1.31 per 100,000 person years (95% CI 0.93-1.74) and point prevalence was 9.39 per 100,000 people (95% CI 6.35-12.98).",
        "Conclusions": "The incidence and prevalence of AE exceeded those of infectious encephalitis in this cohort and were higher than prior US population-based estimates, likely reflecting increased disease awareness and expanded neural antibody testing. Ongoing work to include data from a second major health system in Utah will enable population-based estimates.",
        "Disclosures": "Sydney Lee, MD: Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose.\nJonathan Trout, MD: Dr. Trout has nothing to disclose.\nSara Moss, MD: Dr. Moss has nothing to disclose.\nKa-Ho Wong: Mr. Wong has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for CRISPR Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation . The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from The Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from TG Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Wong has received research support from Sanofi.\nMelissa A. Wright, MD: Dr. Wright has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis .\nTammy L. Smith, MD, PhD: Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca.\nTimothy W. West, MD: Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD serono. Dr. West has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genzyme.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The incidence and prevalence of AE exceeded those of infectious encephalitis in this cohort and were higher than prior US population-based estimates, likely reflecting increased disease awareness and expanded neural antibody testing. Ongoing work to include data from a second major health system in Utah will enable population-based estimates.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65297",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65297",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 318
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65298",
      "source_id": "65298",
      "abstract_number": "1-023",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-023",
      "title": "Utility of the Weighted APE2SM Score for Diagnosing Autoimmune Encephalitis: Comparison with APE2 and Graus Criteria",
      "authors": "Bijoya Basu; Sophia F. Damman, MD; Samhitha Rai; Hesham A. Abboud, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Bijoya Basu",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Bijoya Basu",
          "normalized_name": "Bijoya Basu",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Case Western Reserve University",
          "disclosure": "Miss Basu has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sophia F. Damman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sophia F. Damman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Damman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samhitha Rai",
          "normalized_name": "Samhitha Rai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Rai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hesham A. Abboud, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Hesham A. Abboud",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech . Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alpine Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Axonics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Genentech . The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from BMS. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Sanofi-Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from UCB. Dr. Abboud has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Bijoya Basu",
        "Sophia F. Damman",
        "Samhitha Rai",
        "Hesham A. Abboud"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Case Western Reserve University",
        "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Case Western Reserve University",
        "University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Bijoya Basu; Sophia F. Damman, MD; Samhitha Rai; Hesham A. Abboud, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Case Western Reserve University\nUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the diagnostic performance of an exploratory modified score (APE2SM) incorporating seizure and movement disorder weighting for autoimmune encephalitis (AE), and to compare its performance with the APE 2 score and Graus criteria.",
        "Background": "Diagnosis of AE, particularly in antibody-negative cases, remains challenging and relies on clinical criteria and supportive investigations. The APE 2 score provides a quantitative framework for risk stratification but may underweight key clinical features such as seizures and movement presentations. We developed and assessed the APE2SM score to address this limitation.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective study of consecutive patients referred for suspected AE (January 2017-May 2023). Final diagnosis was determined by expert consensus based on clinical features, exclusion of alternative diagnoses, and response to immunotherapy. APE 2 , Graus criteria, and APE2SM scores were assigned retrospectively. The APE2SM score weights movement disorders and seizure presentations more heavily compared to the APE 2 score. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis, contingency tables, and logistic regression to model probability of AE across score thresholds.",
        "Results": "Eighty-five patients were included (56.5% female; mean age 53.8 years), of whom 59 (69.4%) had AE, including 34 antibody-positive cases. In exploratory analyses, APE2SM demonstrated the strongest overall diagnostic performance, with comparable discrimination to APE 2 but improved sensitivity and negative predictive value, particularly at clinically relevant thresholds and in antibody-negative patients. APE 2 outperformed Graus criteria in the full cohort (AUC 0.894 vs 0.804) and in antibody-negative patients (AUC 0.905 vs 0.850). An APE 2 cutoff ≥4 achieved balanced sensitivity and specificity near or above 80%, whereas no Graus threshold achieved similar balance.",
        "Conclusions": "The exploratory APE2SM score improves sensitivity while maintaining acceptable specificity and may enhance early recognition of AE, particularly in antibody-negative cases. These findings support further prospective validation. APE 2 remains a robust and practical screening tool with a clinically useful cutoff of ≥4.",
        "Disclosures": "Bijoya Basu: Miss Basu has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSophia F. Damman, MD: Ms. Damman has nothing to disclose.\nSamhitha Rai: Miss Rai has nothing to disclose.\nHesham A. Abboud, MD: Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech . Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alpine Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Axonics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon. Dr. Abboud has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Genentech . The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from BMS. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from Sanofi-Genzyme. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation. The institution of Dr. Abboud has received research support from UCB. Dr. Abboud has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The exploratory APE2SM score improves sensitivity while maintaining acceptable specificity and may enhance early recognition of AE, particularly in antibody-negative cases. These findings support further prospective validation. APE 2 remains a robust and practical screening tool with a clinically useful cutoff of ≥4.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65298",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65298",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 312
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65299",
      "source_id": "65299",
      "abstract_number": "1-024",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-024",
      "title": "A Single Center Pilot Study of Anti-dipeptidyl-peptidase-like-protein 6 (DPPX) Associated Encephalitis (DPPXE) Presenting as Rapidly Progressive Dementia (RPD)",
      "authors": "Madison Grindstaff, DO; Dhara Mehta, DO; John R. Absher, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Madison Grindstaff, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Madison Grindstaff, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Madison Grindstaff",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Grindstaff has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dhara Mehta, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Dhara Mehta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Absher, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "John R. Absher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Univ. SC SOM, Greenville",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Absher has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Rehabilitation Alternative Services, Inc.. Dr. Absher has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Butler, Means, Evins and Browne, P.A.."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Madison Grindstaff",
        "Dhara Mehta",
        "John R. Absher"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Univ. SC SOM, Greenville"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Univ. SC SOM, Greenville"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Madison Grindstaff, DO; Dhara Mehta, DO; John R. Absher, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Univ. SC SOM, Greenville",
        "Objective": "To report disease characteristics and outcomes in adults > 18 years old with a primary diagnosis of DPPXE presenting as RPD at our institution via retrospective analysis.",
        "Background": "Paraneoplastic syndromes and Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are associated with rare but serious neurologic immune-related adverse events, including autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). DPPXE is a rare but treatable AIE. DPPXE manifests as CNS hyperexcitability with subacute memory deficits, confusion, and behavioral changes mimicking RPD clinically, posing a diagnostic challenge. Lack of understanding of disease mechanism, prevalence, associated cancer types and ICI, clinical and paraclinical findings of DPPXE contribute to this diagnostic uncertainty. We aim to study these parameters in a single center retrospective case series to improve DPPXE identification and outcomes.",
        "Design/Methods": "Eligibility includes adults 18+ with DPPXE diagnosis without concurrent diagnoses of other forms of AIE or RPD since March 2016 . Retrospective analysis is completed via Epic data pulls using predefined diagnosis of AIE with ICD G04.81 and relevant laboratory codes with non-negative result for DPPX antibodies in serum and/or CSF to screen for patients meeting gold standard DPPXE diagnostic criteria . Demographic, clinical, paraclinical, treatment, and outcome data abstracted via DSC data pull and manual data abstraction such as imaging results and notes are used to confirm patient eligibility by 1 independent reviewer in addition to the authors.",
        "Results": "451 unique patients with ICD G04.81, and 52/451with laboratory positivity for DPPX antibodies are identified from data pull. Qualitative analyses of clinical, paraclinical, radiologic findings, associated malignancy and immune checkpoint inhibitor use, and treatment outcomes are presented in our study.",
        "Conclusions": "We identify pre-clinical and clinical characteristics of patients with treatable causes of RPD such as DPPXE through our pilot study. The goal is to design best practice from this data and initiate process change in our institution to improve early recognition of treatable causes of RPD.",
        "Disclosures": "Madison Grindstaff, DO: Dr. Grindstaff has nothing to disclose.\nDhara Mehta, DO: Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose.\nJohn R. Absher, MD, FAAN: Dr. Absher has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Rehabilitation Alternative Services, Inc.. Dr. Absher has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Butler, Means, Evins and Browne, P.A.."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We identify pre-clinical and clinical characteristics of patients with treatable causes of RPD such as DPPXE through our pilot study. The goal is to design best practice from this data and initiate process change in our institution to improve early recognition of treatable causes of RPD.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65299",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65299",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65301",
      "source_id": "65301",
      "abstract_number": "1-026",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-026",
      "title": "MR Perfusion in the Workup of NMDA Receptor Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Abby Scurfield, MD; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN; Bryan Lanzman, MD; Rachelle Dugue, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Abby Scurfield, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Abby Scurfield, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abby Scurfield",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Scurfield has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Kristin M. Galetta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bryan Lanzman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bryan Lanzman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lanzman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rachelle Dugue, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Rachelle Dugue",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dugue has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Abby Scurfield",
        "Kristin M. Galetta",
        "Bryan Lanzman",
        "Rachelle Dugue"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Abby Scurfield, MD; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN; Bryan Lanzman, MD; Rachelle Dugue, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford University",
        "Objective": "Assess the utility of MR perfusion in the diagnosis of NMDA receptor autoimmune encephalitis.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is frequently misdiagnosed, contributing to treatment delays and poor outcomes. Standard brain MRI is abnormal in approximately 50% of patients, often even less in NMDA encephalitis. In contrast to MRI, positron emission tomography (PET) scans are more sensitive, with findings in up to 99% of cases. PET, however, is not widely available, costly, and exposes patients to radiation. Similar to PET, MR perfusion imaging characterizes regional blood flow, perhaps representing an accessible alternative to PET to aid in early diagnosis of AE.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective analysis of confirmed NMDAR+ encephalitis cases from Stanford Research Repository (STARR) database. Rstudio was used for descriptive and inferential analyses. Firth’s penalized logistic regression was used to examine potential association between MR perfusion abnormalities and APEII scores, seizures, ICU admission or age.",
        "Results": "Of 17 NMDA cases, 16 cases had MR perfusion studies, 50% of which were abnormal. Amongst those, 50% had normal FLAIR sequences. PET scans were performed in 11 cases, 4 of which were positive. Amongst these positive cases, 3/4 had MRI perfusion abnormalities, 2 out of 3 of which matched the abnormal region on PET. There were no significant associations between the presence of a perfusion abnormality and APEII score, age, ICU admission, or seizures (p>0.05).",
        "Conclusions": "50% of NMDA patients had MR perfusion changes. Notably, half of these cases had negative MRI sequences otherwise. Only a small proportion of PET studies were positive, the majority of which had MR perfusion abnormalities. These findings support use of MR perfusion in AE workup, especially when conventional MRI is unrevealing. Future analyses will assess the utility of MR perfusion as a tool to discriminate AE cases through a blinded-imaging re-analysis of cases and age matched controls.",
        "Disclosures": "Abby Scurfield, MD: Dr. Scurfield has nothing to disclose.\nKristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN: Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS.\nBryan Lanzman, MD: Dr. Lanzman has nothing to disclose.\nRachelle Dugue, MD, PhD: Dr. Dugue has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "50% of NMDA patients had MR perfusion changes. Notably, half of these cases had negative MRI sequences otherwise. Only a small proportion of PET studies were positive, the majority of which had MR perfusion abnormalities. These findings support use of MR perfusion in AE workup, especially when conventional MRI is unrevealing.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65301",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65301",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65302",
      "source_id": "65302",
      "abstract_number": "1-027",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-027",
      "title": "Antibody-innate Immune Interactions During HSV1 Infection Predict Severity and Post-HSV Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Marianna Spatola, MD, PhD, FAAN; Chiara Milano, MD; Laura Marmolejo Alcaide; Jesus Planaguma; Esther Aguilar, Bachelor of science; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Thais Armangue, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Marianna Spatola, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Marianna Spatola, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Marianna Spatola",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "FUNDACIÓ DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA CLÍNIC IDIBAPS",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from Spanish National Health Institute (Carlos III), FIS grant. The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from Spanish National Institute of Health - Miguel Servet Grant. The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from European Research Coucil."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chiara Milano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Chiara Milano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Milano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Laura Marmolejo Alcaide",
          "normalized_name": "Laura Marmolejo Alcaide",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Marmolejo Alcaide has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jesus Planaguma",
          "normalized_name": "Jesus Planaguma",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Planaguma has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Esther Aguilar, Bachelor of science",
          "normalized_name": "Esther Aguilar, Bachelor of science",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Aguilar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thais Armangue, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thais Armangue",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "IDIBAPS-HClinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Armangue has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Armangue has received research support from ISCIII(Spanish institute of health) -PI21/00316, Marato TV3, La Caixa Research Foundadion, Pablove Foundation (689368), Torrons Vicens Foundation (PFNR0144), 2021 Invest AEP."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Marianna Spatola",
        "Chiara Milano",
        "Laura Marmolejo Alcaide",
        "Jesus Planaguma",
        "Esther Aguilar, Bachelor of science",
        "Josep O. Dalmau",
        "Thais Armangue"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "FUNDACIÓ DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA CLÍNIC IDIBAPS",
        "IDIBAPS-HClinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "FUNDACIÓ DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA CLÍNIC IDIBAPS",
        "IDIBAPS-HClinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Marianna Spatola, MD, PhD, FAAN; Chiara Milano, MD; Laura Marmolejo Alcaide; Jesus Planaguma; Esther Aguilar, Bachelor of science; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Thais Armangue, MD",
        "Affiliations": "FUNDACIÓ DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA CLÍNIC IDIBAPS\nIDIBAPS-HClinic",
        "Objective": "Characterize the innate immunity HSV1-antibody cross-talk in periphHSV, HSE and postHSE-AE.",
        "Background": "Herpes-simplex-virus-1 (HSV1) can cause recurrent cold sore (periphHSV) or encephalitis (HSE). HSE can be complicated by autoimmune encephalitis (postHSE-AE). The mechanisms of HSE and postHSE-AE remain unclear.",
        "Design/Methods": "We extensively profiled HSV1-antibody responses in serum and CSF of 45 HSE (12 who developed, 33 who did not develop postHSE-AE, at onset and 1month), and in serum of 12 periphHSV. We analyzed Ig classes/sublasses (IgA, IgG1-4, IgM), capacity to bind Fc receptors (FcgR2A/2B/3A/3B) and mediate Antibody-Dependent Cellular/Neurotrophil Phagocytosis (ADCP/ADNP), Complement Deposition (ADCD) and NK-cells activation (ADNKA). Antibody features were compared across groups and compartments (serum and CSF) and correlated with disease severity. Neuronal death and infection of HSV1-infected cultured neurons treated with IgG from HSE, periphHSV or healthy controls (with/out innate cells) were quantified by confocal microscopy.",
        "Results": "Despite lower CSF responses at HSE onset, at 1 month CSF responses significantly increased (p<0.001), whereas serum responses remained stable. PLSDA/LASSO analyses identified ADCD in serum and ADCP in CSF as the most different features across compartments. Higher CSF-ADCP correlated with HSE severity (Spearman-coefficient=0.49, p=0.03). Compared to HSE, periphHSV showed higher serum ADNKA and FcgR3A-binding (p<0.01), despite similar IgG titers. Instead, serum ADCP was increased in HSE (p<0.05). Patients who developed PostHSE-AE showed higher serum/CSF titers, ADCD, ADNP and FcgR binding (p<0.01), compared to those who did not develop PostHSE-AE. HSV1-infected neurons treated with HSE-derived IgG (but not from periphHSV or healthy controls, p<0.01) caused increased neuronal death and infectivity.",
        "Conclusions": "During HSE, CSF-HSV1-responses are characterized by phagocytosis-activating antibodies, which correlates with HSE severity and predicts PostHSE-AE. Enrichment of NK-activating antibodies in periphHSV suggests a role for NK in protecting the brain from HSE. Antibodies from HSE cause increased neuronal death and infectivity, likely contributing to antigen release and development of neuronal autoimmunity.",
        "Disclosures": "Marianna Spatola, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from Spanish National Health Institute (Carlos III), FIS grant. The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from Spanish National Institute of Health - Miguel Servet Grant. The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Spatola has received research support from European Research Coucil.\nChiara Milano, MD: Dr. Milano has nothing to disclose.\nLaura Marmolejo Alcaide: Miss Marmolejo Alcaide has nothing to disclose.\nJesus Planaguma: Dr. Planaguma has nothing to disclose.\nEsther Aguilar, Bachelor of science: Mrs. Aguilar has nothing to disclose.\nJosep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nThais Armangue, MD: Dr. Armangue has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. The institution of Dr. Armangue has received research support from ISCIII(Spanish institute of health) -PI21/00316, Marato TV3, La Caixa Research Foundadion, Pablove Foundation (689368), Torrons Vicens Foundation (PFNR0144), 2021 Invest AEP."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "During HSE, CSF-HSV1-responses are characterized by phagocytosis-activating antibodies, which correlates with HSE severity and predicts PostHSE-AE. Enrichment of NK-activating antibodies in periphHSV suggests a role for NK in protecting the brain from HSE. Antibodies from HSE cause increased neuronal death and infectivity, likely contributing to antigen release and development of neuronal autoimmunity.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Seminar",
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22373",
          "title": "C11 - Autoimmune and Infectious Encephalitis and Acute Seizures",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22373",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Michael R. Wilson, MD, FAAN, Philippe-Antoine Bilodeau, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe key clinical, CSF, imaging, and antibody features of autoimmune encephalitis and infectious encephalitides; differentiate autoimmune and infectious causes of encephalitis and identify common diagnostic pitfalls and sources of misdiagnosis; apply an evidence-based diagnostic approach to suspected encephalitis, including appropriate use of laboratory, imaging, and EEG studies; outline current management strategies for infectious encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis, including timely antimicrobial and immunotherapy use; and summarize updates in the evaluation and treatment of new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE), including consideration of underlying etiologies.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        },
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65302",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65302",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 321
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65303",
      "source_id": "65303",
      "abstract_number": "1-028",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-028",
      "title": "Diagnostic, Treatment, and Follow-up Practice Variation in Encephalitis of Unknown Etiology: The Neuroinfections Emerging in the Americas Study (NEAS) In Colombia",
      "authors": "Maria I. Reyes, MD; Sebastian Jimenez, BS; Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique; David Acero-Garces, MD; Beatriz Parra; Lyda Osorio; Federico Silva; Jairo Lizarazo Niño; Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Maria I. Reyes, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maria I. Reyes, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maria I. Reyes",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Simon Bolivar",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sebastian Jimenez, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Sebastian Jimenez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Jimenez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique",
          "normalized_name": "Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David Acero-Garces, MD",
          "normalized_name": "David Acero-Garces",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Acero-Garces has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Beatriz Parra",
          "normalized_name": "Beatriz Parra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Beatriz Parra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lyda Osorio",
          "normalized_name": "Lyda Osorio",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Lyda Osorio has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Federico Silva",
          "normalized_name": "Federico Silva",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Fundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia",
          "disclosure": "Federico Silva has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jairo Lizarazo Niño",
          "normalized_name": "Jairo Lizarazo Niño",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Jairo Lizarazo Niño has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from Bart McLean Fund for Neuroimmunology Research ."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maria I. Reyes",
        "Sebastian Jimenez",
        "Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique",
        "David Acero-Garces",
        "Beatriz Parra",
        "Lyda Osorio",
        "Federico Silva",
        "Jairo Lizarazo Niño",
        "Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Hospital Simon Bolivar",
        "Fundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia",
        "Johns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Hospital Simon Bolivar",
        "Fundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia",
        "Johns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maria I. Reyes, MD; Sebastian Jimenez, BS; Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique; David Acero-Garces, MD; Beatriz Parra; Lyda Osorio; Federico Silva; Jairo Lizarazo Niño; Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Hospital Simon Bolivar\nFundacion Cardiovascular De Colombia\nJohns Hopkins U, Med Dept of Neurology",
        "Objective": "To characterize variation in diagnostic testing, autoimmune workup, treatment, and follow-up across hospitals in the Neuroinfections Emerging in the Americas Study (NEAS) cohort in Colombia.",
        "Background": "Encephalitis of unknown etiology requires timely identification of treatable infectious and autoimmune causes. A mixed public-private system delivers care across Colombian cities of varying sizes, most within arbovirus-endemic zones (dengue, Zika, chikungunya). Uneven diagnostic infrastructure and absence of harmonized institutional protocols may allow hospital context to shape evaluation, treatment, and follow-up.",
        "Design/Methods": "Patients diagnosed with encephalitis of unknown etiology were enrolled in an observational cohort at 12 Colombian high-complexity hospitals, 2016-2025 (N=127). Hospitals were classified by ownership (public [N=76]; private [N=51]) and metropolitan size (large ≥1M [N=82]; intermediate <1M [N=45]).",
        "Results": "Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis was performed in 118 (93%), with herpes simplex virus (HSV) PCR ordered in 63 (53%) of those. Among all 127 patients, acyclovir was administered empirically to 55 (43%), steroids to 31 (24%), intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis each to 4 (3%). Private hospitals had higher magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) rates than public hospitals (73% vs 51%, p=0.026). Intermediate-city hospitals had higher CSF analysis rates (100% vs 89%, p=0.026), head computed tomography (CT) (84% vs 63%, p=0.014), and electroencephalogram (EEG) (61% vs 24%, p<0.001); large-metro hospitals had shorter time to MRI (median 1 vs 4 days, p=0.006). MRI, EEG, and CT rates varied across hospitals (p≤0.020). Clinical follow-up rate was higher in large-metro than intermediate-city hospitals (72% vs 16%, p<0.001).",
        "Conclusions": "Diagnostic practice, autoimmune workup, and clinical follow-up varied by hospital ownership and metropolitan size. Molecular microbiology testing and immunotherapy use were low across settings, and follow-up was documented in fewer than 1 in 6 patients at intermediate-city hospitals. These patterns are consistent with context-dependent decision-making shaped by structural and geographic factors; standardized diagnostic and follow-up protocols could support more consistent care throughout.",
        "Disclosures": "Maria I. Reyes, MD: Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Reyes has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis.\nSebastian Jimenez, BS: Mr. Jimenez has nothing to disclose.\nGuillermo Gonzalez-Manrique: Guillermo Gonzalez-Manrique has nothing to disclose.\nDavid Acero-Garces, MD: Dr. Acero-Garces has nothing to disclose.\nBeatriz Parra: Beatriz Parra has nothing to disclose.\nLyda Osorio: Lyda Osorio has nothing to disclose.\nFederico Silva: Federico Silva has nothing to disclose.\nJairo Lizarazo Niño: Jairo Lizarazo Niño has nothing to disclose.\nCarlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, MD: The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from National Institutes of Health. The institution of Dr. Pardo-Villamizar has received research support from Bart McLean Fund for Neuroimmunology Research ."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Diagnostic practice, autoimmune workup, and clinical follow-up varied by hospital ownership and metropolitan size. Molecular microbiology testing and immunotherapy use were low across settings, and follow-up was documented in fewer than 1 in 6 patients at intermediate-city hospitals. These patterns are consistent with context-dependent decision-making shaped by structural and geographic factors;",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65303",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65303",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 317
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65304",
      "source_id": "65304",
      "abstract_number": "1-029",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-029",
      "title": "Etiologies and Clinical Features of Pediatric Encephalitis at a Tertiary Pediatric Center: A Retrospective Cohort Study",
      "authors": "Kyoko Fukahori; Meghan Mack, MD; Levi C. Shelton, MD; Megan C. Freeman, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Kyoko Fukahori",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kyoko Fukahori",
          "normalized_name": "Kyoko Fukahori",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kyoko Fukahori has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Meghan Mack, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Meghan Mack",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mack has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Levi C. Shelton, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Levi C. Shelton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shelton has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Megan C. Freeman, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Megan C. Freeman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Freeman has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kyoko Fukahori",
        "Meghan Mack",
        "Levi C. Shelton",
        "Megan C. Freeman"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh",
        "Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh",
        "Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kyoko Fukahori; Meghan Mack, MD; Levi C. Shelton, MD; Megan C. Freeman, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh\nChildren's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC",
        "Objective": "To characterize the etiologies, clinical features, and short-term outcomes of pediatric encephalitis, and to compare infectious and immune-mediated causes.",
        "Background": "Despite extensive diagnostic testing, prior studies identified a confirmed etiology in fewer than half of pediatric cases. With increasing recognition of immune-mediated encephalitis, the etiologic spectrum may have shifted, highlighting the need to reevaluate the current etiologic profile and associated clinical features.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with encephalitis over 10 years (2015 - 2025) in a tertiary pediatric center in the United States. Demographic data, clinical presentation, examination findings, and diagnostic study results were extracted from the electronic medical records and analyzed.",
        "Results": "Among 179 suspected cases, 100 met criteria for encephalitis, including 34 (34%) confirmed, 58 (58%) probable, and 8 (8%) possible cases. Of these, 39 (39%) were classified as infectious encephalitis, most commonly due to herpes simplex virus (11/39, 28.2%), human parechovirus (8/39, 20.5%), and mycoplasma pneumoniae (5/39, 12.8%). 25 cases (25%) were immune-mediated, most commonly myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD; 10/25, 40%), anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis (7/25, 28%), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM; 4/25, 16%). The median age was overall 6 years (interquartile range [IQR], 0-12). Patients with infectious encephalitis were younger (median 0 years [IQR, 0-9.5]), whereas those with autoimmune encephalitis, including anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy in our cohort, were older (median 14 years [IQR, 10-16]). 48 (48%) required intubation, 3 (3%) died, and 14 (14%) required intensive inpatient rehabilitation due to moderate-to-severe neurological sequelae.",
        "Conclusions": "Pediatric encephalitis demonstrates a diverse and evolving etiologic spectrum, with infectious causes predominating in younger children. Significant differences in age, clinical features, and outcomes across etiologies may provide clinically useful clues for early diagnostic differentiation. Despite advances in recognition, encephalitis remains associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, with high rates of critical care utilization.",
        "Disclosures": "Kyoko Fukahori: Kyoko Fukahori has nothing to disclose.\nMeghan Mack, MD: Dr. Mack has nothing to disclose.\nLevi C. Shelton, MD: Dr. Shelton has nothing to disclose.\nMegan C. Freeman, MD, PhD: Dr. Freeman has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Pediatric encephalitis demonstrates a diverse and evolving etiologic spectrum, with infectious causes predominating in younger children. Significant differences in age, clinical features, and outcomes across etiologies may provide clinically useful clues for early diagnostic differentiation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65304",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65304",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 307
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65306",
      "source_id": "65306",
      "abstract_number": "1-031",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-031",
      "title": "Optic Atrophy (OA) in Autoimmune Encephalitis (AE) and Risk of Subsequent Cognitive Impairment: A Propensity-matched Cohort Study",
      "authors": "Waleed Alon II; Majd A. AbuAlrob, MD; Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc; Beatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD; Abdallah HUSSEIN, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Waleed Alon II",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Waleed Alon II",
          "normalized_name": "Waleed Alon II",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Alon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Majd A. AbuAlrob, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Majd A. AbuAlrob",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hamad Medical Corporation",
          "disclosure": "Dr. AbuAlrob has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Khaled Zammar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hamad Medical corporation",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zammar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Beatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Beatriz Garcia Cañibano",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "HMC",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Garcia Cañibano has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abdallah HUSSEIN, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abdallah HUSSEIN",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. HUSSEIN has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Waleed Alon II",
        "Majd A. AbuAlrob",
        "Khaled Zammar",
        "Beatriz Garcia Cañibano",
        "Abdallah HUSSEIN"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Hamad Medical Corporation",
        "HMC"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Hamad Medical Corporation",
        "HMC"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Waleed Alon II; Majd A. AbuAlrob, MD; Khaled Zammar, MD, MSc; Beatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD; Abdallah HUSSEIN, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Hamad Medical Corporation\nHMC",
        "Objective": "To determine whether AE patients with OA have an increased risk of Cognitive Impairment compared with Isolated AE patients.",
        "Background": "Almost 75% of patients with AE experience Persistent Cognitive Deficits. OA, a marker of Axonal Injury, may help indicate a subgroup that is at a higher risk for Cognitive Impairment, but this relationship needs to be explored.",
        "Design/Methods": "We used the TriNetX US Collaborative Network (included 67 healthcare organizations) to identify adults aged 18-55 with AE. Two Cohorts were defined: Isolated AE (Cohort 1, n=66,790) and AE with OA (Cohort 2, n=437). Index was the first qualifying AE event, and outcomes were assessed from day 3 post-index to 3 years. Cognitive Outcomes included Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia. Propensity Score Matching (1:1) was performed on Demographics and Baseline Covariates, yielding 425 patients per group. Associations were tested using Risk Measures and Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis.",
        "Results": "After Propensity Score Matching, Baseline Characteristics were balanced between the 425 patients with Isolated AE and the 425 patients with AE and OA (mean age 37 years; 60% female). Over a median follow-up of 2.7 years, Cognitive Outcomes occurred in 25/425 patients (5.9%) with AE and OA versus 14/425 patients (3.3%) with Isolated AE. The Risk Difference was +2.6% (95% Cl 0.2% to 5.0%; p=0.034). The Risk Ratio was 1.96 (95% Cl 1.04 to 3.70). Kaplan-Meie Analysis showed a numerical difference towards lower cognitive event-free survival in patients with OA (90.96% vs. 95.19% at study end, log-rank p=0.095). The Hazard Ratio was 1.72 (95% Cl 0.90 to 3.33; p=0.20).",
        "Conclusions": "Our findings suggest that OA may be a marker of neurodegenerative vulnerability in AE, and could serve as a clinical prognostic marker.",
        "Disclosures": "Waleed Alon II: Mr. Alon has nothing to disclose.\nMajd A. AbuAlrob, MD: Dr. AbuAlrob has nothing to disclose.\nKhaled Zammar, MD, MSc: Dr. Zammar has nothing to disclose.\nBeatriz Garcia Cañibano, MD: Dr. Garcia Cañibano has nothing to disclose.\nAbdallah HUSSEIN, MD: Dr. HUSSEIN has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Our findings suggest that OA may be a marker of neurodegenerative vulnerability in AE, and could serve as a clinical prognostic marker.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65306",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65306",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65307",
      "source_id": "65307",
      "abstract_number": "1-032",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-032",
      "title": "Psychiatric Symptoms of Pediatric Patients with anti- N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis (anti- NMDAR) in the Philippine Children’s Medical Center",
      "authors": "John Michael L. Reyes, MD; Anna Lizza S. Manalac, MD; Madelyn P. Pascual, MD; Marylin H. Ortiz, MD",
      "presenting_author": "John Michael L. Reyes, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "John Michael L. Reyes, MD",
          "normalized_name": "John Michael L. Reyes",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Reyes has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anna Lizza S. Manalac, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anna Lizza S. Manalac",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Manalac has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Madelyn P. Pascual, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Madelyn P. Pascual",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. pascual has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marylin H. Ortiz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marylin H. Ortiz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "John Michael L. Reyes",
        "Anna Lizza S. Manalac",
        "Madelyn P. Pascual",
        "Marylin H. Ortiz"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "John Michael L. Reyes, MD; Anna Lizza S. Manalac, MD; Madelyn P. Pascual, MD; Marylin H. Ortiz, MD",
        "Objective": "The study aimed to determine psychiatric symptoms associated with a positive anti-NMDAR antibody test result in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).",
        "Background": "A large number of anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis cases may initially present with psychiatric symptoms. Identifying which psychiatric symptoms facilitate diagnosis can lead to prompt treatment and better clinical outcome.",
        "Design/Methods": "This is a single center retrospective case control analytic study which primarily compared psychiatric symptoms of all pediatric cases of confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis (positive anti- NMDAR antibodies in the CSF) with a control group (pediatric patients with encephalitis of other causes) admitted from January 2011 to August 2025 at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center.",
        "Results": "A total of 193 pediatric patients were included in the study, 97 (50.2%) of whom were confirmed anti-NMDAR cases. After adjusting for age and sex, four features emerged as independent predictors of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Children presenting with movement disorders were nearly five times more likely to have anti-NMDAR encephalitis than controls sleep disturbances made them almost three times as likely, psychosis doubled their odds, and delirium also nearly tripled the likelihood.",
        "Conclusions": "Significant association of three psychiatric symptoms: sleep disturbance, delirium and psychosis, and one neurologic feature namely movement disorders, were seen in children with confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Hence, index of suspicion for likely anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be raised early in children suspected with encephalitis presenting with these neuropsychiatric features",
        "Disclosures": "John Michael L. Reyes, MD: Dr. Reyes has nothing to disclose.\nAnna Lizza S. Manalac, MD: Dr. Manalac has nothing to disclose.\nMadelyn P. Pascual, MD: Dr. pascual has nothing to disclose.\nMarylin H. Ortiz, MD: No disclosure on file"
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Significant association of three psychiatric symptoms: sleep disturbance, delirium and psychosis, and one neurologic feature namely movement disorders, were seen in children with confirmed anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Hence, index of suspicion for likely anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be raised early in children suspected with encephalitis presenting with these neuropsychiatric features",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65307",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65307",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 226
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65308",
      "source_id": "65308",
      "abstract_number": "1-033",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-033",
      "title": "Diagnostic Delay and Early Clinical Clues in LGI1 Encephalitis: A Structured Review of Published Cases",
      "authors": "Glennis T. Ayuk, MD; Roberto Alejandro Cruz, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Glennis T. Ayuk, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Glennis T. Ayuk, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Glennis T. Ayuk",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ayuk has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Roberto Alejandro Cruz, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Roberto Alejandro Cruz",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "DHR Health Neurology Institute",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN. The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ALEXION. The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AMGEN. The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Glennis T. Ayuk",
        "Roberto Alejandro Cruz"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "DHR Health Neurology Institute"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "DHR Health Neurology Institute"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Glennis T. Ayuk, MD; Roberto Alejandro Cruz, MD",
        "Affiliations": "DHR Health Neurology Institute",
        "Objective": "To characterize early clinical presentations of LGI1 encephalitis, identify common causes of diagnostic delay, and determine features that most often prompted eventual recognition.",
        "Background": "LGI1 encephalitis is a treatable autoimmune encephalitis in which delayed diagnosis may prolong seizures, cognitive decline, and psychiatric morbidity. Early symptoms are often nonspecific or mistaken for more common neurological or psychiatric disorders. Better recognition of early clinical patterns may support earlier testing and treatment.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a structured review of published case reports and case series identified using the search terms (“anti-LGI1 encephalitis” OR “LGI1 encephalitis”) AND (“case report” OR “case series”). Fifty records were screened. Thirty-four individual cases with extractable clinical presentation and diagnostic pathway data were included. Descriptive analysis was performed of presenting symptoms, early misdiagnoses, diagnostic delay, and clues leading to LGI1 antibody testing.",
        "Results": "Seizure-spectrum symptoms were the most common initial presentations (8/34), followed by cognitive symptoms (6/34), psychiatric symptoms (5/34), and seizure-like paroxysmal weakness or dystonic episodes (5/34). Diagnostic delay was reported in 23/34 cases, ranging from several days to 3 years. Common early misdiagnoses included epilepsy or seizure disorder, psychiatric illness, dementia/delirium, ischemic stroke, and neurodegenerative or movement disorders. Recognition of faciobrachial dystonic seizures was the most frequent trigger for reconsideration of the diagnosis. Other common prompts included mesial temporal, hippocampal, limbic, or basal ganglia MRI abnormalities; hyponatremia accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms; and progressive cognitive decline inconsistent with the initial diagnosis. Several reports noted normal early MRI, EEG, or CSF studies despite later confirmed disease.",
        "Conclusions": "LGI1 encephalitis frequently presents with seizure, cognitive, or psychiatric symptoms and is commonly misdiagnosed before recognition. Diagnostic delay was frequent in this review. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures, unexplained hyponatremia, evolving limbic MRI abnormalities, and progressive mixed neuropsychiatric syndromes may represent practical red flags that support earlier LGI1 antibody testing and treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Glennis T. Ayuk, MD: Dr. Ayuk has nothing to disclose.\nRoberto Alejandro Cruz, MD: The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AMGEN. The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ALEXION. The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AMGEN. The institution of Dr. Cruz has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "LGI1 encephalitis frequently presents with seizure, cognitive, or psychiatric symptoms and is commonly misdiagnosed before recognition. Diagnostic delay was frequent in this review. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures, unexplained hyponatremia, evolving limbic MRI abnormalities, and progressive mixed neuropsychiatric syndromes may represent practical red flags that support earlier LGI1 antibody testing and treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65308",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65308",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65309",
      "source_id": "65309",
      "abstract_number": "1-034",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-034",
      "title": "Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for A Case of Adult-onset Rasmussen’s Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH; Luke T. Massaro, MD; Alison M. Pack, MD, FAAN; Paul Kent, MD, PhD; Erin Moynihan, NP; Osama Al-Dalahmah; Michael L. Miller, MD, PhD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Markus Mapara, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah F. Wesley",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics. Dr. Wesley has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Safety Monitor with Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luke T. Massaro, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Luke T. Massaro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "The Neurological Institute of New York",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Massaro has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alison M. Pack, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Alison M. Pack",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neurological Institute, Columbia University",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Pack has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of REGENEXBIO. The institution of Dr. Pack has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. Pack has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Paul Kent, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Paul Kent",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Columbia University Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kent has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Erin Moynihan, NP",
          "normalized_name": "Erin Moynihan, NP",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Moynihan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Ms. Moynihan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Osama Al-Dalahmah",
          "normalized_name": "Osama Al-Dalahmah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Columbia University Irving Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Osama Al-Dalahmah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK."
        },
        {
          "name": "Michael L. Miller, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael L. Miller",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Miller has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Eoin P. Flanagan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Markus Mapara, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Markus Mapara",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mapara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for OSSIUM."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sarah F. Wesley",
        "Luke T. Massaro",
        "Alison M. Pack",
        "Paul Kent",
        "Erin Moynihan, NP",
        "Osama Al-Dalahmah",
        "Michael L. Miller",
        "Eoin P. Flanagan",
        "Markus Mapara"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons",
        "The Neurological Institute of New York",
        "Neurological Institute, Columbia University",
        "Columbia University Medical Center",
        "Columbia University Irving Medical Center",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons",
        "The Neurological Institute of New York",
        "Neurological Institute, Columbia University",
        "Columbia University Medical Center",
        "Columbia University Irving Medical Center",
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH; Luke T. Massaro, MD; Alison M. Pack, MD, FAAN; Paul Kent, MD, PhD; Erin Moynihan, NP; Osama Al-Dalahmah; Michael L. Miller, MD, PhD; Eoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN; Markus Mapara, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons\nThe Neurological Institute of New York\nNeurological Institute, Columbia University\nColumbia University Medical Center\nColumbia University Irving Medical Center\nMayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "We present a case of treatment-refractory adult-onset Rasmussen’s Encephalitis (RE) and successful long-term remission after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).",
        "Background": "While hemispherectomy remains the foremost curative treatment in pediatric RE, there are no long-term treatment options for adult-onset RE, which comprises about 10% of cases, and in most situations leads to drug-resistant epilepsy including epilepsia partialis continua (EPC), hemispheric atrophy, and death. AutoHSCT is a previously unexplored treatment option for causes of adult-onset RE.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 33-year-old woman presented with progressive aphasia and drug-resistant epilepsy manifested by focal seizures and EPC. Imaging and brain biopsy were consistent with RE involving the left, dominant hemisphere. The disease progressed despite intravenous (IV) steroids, IV immunoglobulin, seven cycles of high-dose cyclophosphamide, and two cycles of rituximab six months apart. Prior to the onset of motor or sensory decline, she underwent autologous HSCT using BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) plus anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) conditioning and CD34-selected autologous stem cells.",
        "Results": "The hospital course was complicated by focal seizures that responded to benzodiazepines. There were no severe infections or high-grade organ toxicity. At six months, she remained free of EPC with normal motor and sensory function and some improvement in baseline aphasia. She had breakthrough EPC in the setting of excessive alcohol intake but without return of inflammatory disease on imaging or requiring additional immunotherapy. She then underwent epilepsy surgery to resect highly epileptogenic tissue, and post-HSCT pathology revealed complete resolution of neuronophagia. At two years post-transplant, the patient’s encephalitis remains in remission.",
        "Conclusions": "Autologous HSCT is a potential successful treatment option for adults with RE or in those who are not candidates for hemispherectomy.",
        "Disclosures": "Sarah F. Wesley, MD, MPH: Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Wesley has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG therapeutics. Dr. Wesley has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Safety Monitor with Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nLuke T. Massaro, MD: Dr. Massaro has nothing to disclose.\nAlison M. Pack, MD, FAAN: An immediate family member of Dr. Pack has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of REGENEXBIO. The institution of Dr. Pack has received research support from National Institutes of Health. Dr. Pack has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nPaul Kent, MD, PhD: Dr. Kent has nothing to disclose.\nErin Moynihan, NP: Ms. Moynihan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Ms. Moynihan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech .\nOsama Al-Dalahmah: Osama Al-Dalahmah has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for GSK.\nMichael L. Miller, MD, PhD: Dr. Miller has nothing to disclose.\nEoin P. Flanagan, MBBCh, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Pharmacy times. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Merck. The institution of Dr. Flanagan has received research support from Roche. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Member of medical Advisory Board with The MOG Project that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Journal of The Neurologic Sciences that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial board member with Neuroimmunology Reports that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology, Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation (N2) Journal that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Flanagan has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nMarkus Mapara, MD, PhD: Dr. Mapara has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for OSSIUM."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Autologous HSCT is a potential successful treatment option for adults with RE or in those who are not candidates for hemispherectomy.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65309",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65309",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 270
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65310",
      "source_id": "65310",
      "abstract_number": "1-035",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-035",
      "title": "Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Following La Crosse Encephalitis in a Pediatric Patient: A Novel Presentation",
      "authors": "Kelsey Poisson, MD; Mara Cohen, MD; Maxim Dragoun, MD; Helen Wu, MD, PhD; Camille Wilson, PhD; Jaclyn T. Aldrich, PhD; Karah A. Nuckles, MD; Chris Ouellette, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Kelsey Poisson, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kelsey Poisson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kelsey Poisson",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Poisson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mara Cohen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mara Cohen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cohen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maxim Dragoun, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Maxim Dragoun",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dragoun has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Helen Wu, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Helen Wu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Camille Wilson, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Camille Wilson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Nationwide Children's Hospital."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jaclyn T. Aldrich, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jaclyn T. Aldrich",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aldrich has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Karah A. Nuckles, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Karah A. Nuckles",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nuckles has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chris Ouellette, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Chris Ouellette",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ouellette has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Euroimmun. Dr. Ouellette has received research support from Oxford Immunotec. Dr. Ouellette has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kelsey Poisson",
        "Mara Cohen",
        "Maxim Dragoun",
        "Helen Wu",
        "Camille Wilson",
        "Jaclyn T. Aldrich",
        "Karah A. Nuckles",
        "Chris Ouellette"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kelsey Poisson, MD; Mara Cohen, MD; Maxim Dragoun, MD; Helen Wu, MD, PhD; Camille Wilson, PhD; Jaclyn T. Aldrich, PhD; Karah A. Nuckles, MD; Chris Ouellette, MD",
        "Objective": "To present a case elucidating sequential overlap between La Crosse encephalitis and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.",
        "Background": "Prior infection is a known trigger for NMDAR encephalitis, with prior HSV meningoencephalitis being the most well studied. La Crosse virus is the most common neuroinvasive arbovirus in the U.S., with symptoms that closely overlap with those of autoimmune encephalitis (AE). We present a novel case of a patient developing NMDAR encephalitis triggered by La Crosse encephalitis.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 7-year-old previously healthy girl presented with one week of fever and headaches. MRI demonstrated leptomeningeal enhancement. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed pleocytosis and negative CSF arboviral antibodies, so she was diagnosed with presumed viral encephalitis. Of note, serum arbovirus titers (higher sensitivity than CSF) were not tested. Symptoms initially improved, but over the next two weeks she worsened with abnormal behavior and seizures. CSF pleocytosis had resolved but eight oligoclonal bands were present; MRI showed decreased but persistent enhancement. Steroids were started due to concern for AE, but discontinued when serum arbovirus testing returned positive, consistent with La Crosse encephalitis. However, in the weeks following discharge, she experienced a further psychiatric and cognitive decline. Subsequently, her serum and CSF resulted positive for NMDA-IgG, confirming the diagnosis of NMDAR encephalitis. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab with good response in her symptoms.",
        "Conclusions": "AE can often follow viral illness, but its association with La Crosse encephalitis is not well described. This is a novel presentation of NMDAR encephalitis triggered by La Crosse encephalitis with overlapping symptoms and delayed recognition. AE workup should be considered in patients with positive arbovirus serology with continued clinical progression of symptoms. While poor outcomes have been described in NMDAR encephalitis following HSV encephalitis, our patient ultimately experienced a good outcome. MRI, electroencephalogram, and sequential neuropsychiatric testing data will be presented.",
        "Disclosures": "Kelsey Poisson, MD: Dr. Poisson has nothing to disclose.\nMara Cohen, MD: Dr. Cohen has nothing to disclose.\nMaxim Dragoun, MD: Dr. Dragoun has nothing to disclose.\nHelen Wu, MD, PhD: Dr. Wu has nothing to disclose.\nCamille Wilson, PhD: The institution of Dr. Wilson has received research support from Nationwide Children's Hospital.\nJaclyn T. Aldrich, PhD: Dr. Aldrich has nothing to disclose.\nKarah A. Nuckles, MD: Dr. Nuckles has nothing to disclose.\nChris Ouellette, MD: Dr. Ouellette has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Euroimmun. Dr. Ouellette has received research support from Oxford Immunotec. Dr. Ouellette has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "AE can often follow viral illness, but its association with La Crosse encephalitis is not well described. This is a novel presentation of NMDAR encephalitis triggered by La Crosse encephalitis with overlapping symptoms and delayed recognition. AE workup should be considered in patients with positive arbovirus serology with continued clinical progression of symptoms.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65310",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65310",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65311",
      "source_id": "65311",
      "abstract_number": "1-036",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-036",
      "title": "Treatment of Extracellular Antibody-mediated Autoimmune Encephalitis with Efgartigimod in Real-world Clinical Practice: Targeted Literature Review and Meta-analysis",
      "authors": "Maya U. De Belder, PhD; Anastasia N. Taktikou, MSc; Jelena Jovanovic; Asimina Papadimitriou, MSc; Ignacio Demey, MD, PhD; Susan V. Ellor, MD, PhD; Femke De Ruyck, Ir",
      "presenting_author": "Maya U. De Belder, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maya U. De Belder, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Maya U. De Belder",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. De Belder has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Argenx. Mrs. De Belder has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anastasia N. Taktikou, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Anastasia N. Taktikou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss TAKTIKOU has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jelena Jovanovic",
          "normalized_name": "Jelena Jovanovic",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jovanovic has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA. Dr. Jovanovic has or had stock in IQVIA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Asimina Papadimitriou, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Asimina Papadimitriou",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Papadimitriou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ignacio Demey, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ignacio Demey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ignacio Demey, MD, PhD has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA."
        },
        {
          "name": "Susan V. Ellor, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Susan V. Ellor",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UC Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ellor has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Ellor has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Femke De Ruyck, Ir",
          "normalized_name": "Femke De Ruyck, Ir",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. De Ruyck has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mrs. De Ruyck has or had stock in argenx."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maya U. De Belder",
        "Anastasia N. Taktikou",
        "Jelena Jovanovic",
        "Asimina Papadimitriou",
        "Ignacio Demey",
        "Susan V. Ellor",
        "Femke De Ruyck, Ir"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UC Health"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UC Health"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maya U. De Belder, PhD; Anastasia N. Taktikou, MSc; Jelena Jovanovic; Asimina Papadimitriou, MSc; Ignacio Demey, MD, PhD; Susan V. Ellor, MD, PhD; Femke De Ruyck, Ir",
        "Affiliations": "UC Health",
        "Objective": "To characterize clinical outcomes and variability in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) treated with immunotherapies, including FcRn blockade, using observational data.",
        "Background": "AIE is a severe neurological disorder caused by autoimmune attack on central nervous system proteins. Depending on the immune-driver, the clinical syndrome may include seizures, psychiatric disturbance, cognitive/linguistic decline, impaired consciousness, motor dysfunction, brainstem dysfunction, and/or autonomic instability. Observational evidence indicates improved outcomes with standard immunotherapy; however, many patients experience partial responses, relapse or long-term sequelae. Several AIE subtypes are associated with pathogenic IgG autoantibodies. FcRn blockade reduces circulating IgG levels, providing a mechanistic basis for further study in antibody-mediated disease.",
        "Design/Methods": "A targeted literature review identified observational cohorts of patients with AIE treated off-label with efgartigimod. Aggregate efficacy outcomes, including modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Clinical Assessment Scale for AIE (CASE) scores, were independently extracted by two researchers and meta-analyzed to derive real-world summary outcomes. Analyses were performed using the R meta package.",
        "Results": "Five retrospective comparative studies of Chinese patients with extracellular antibody-mediated AIE (N= 320) were identified. Four included only anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis (N=198), while one included patients with mixed neuronal extracellular antibodies (N=122). Across reported follow-up windows (3-4, 7-8, and 12-15 weeks post-treatment initiation), studies reported changes from baseline in mRS and CASE scores among patients receiving immunotherapy including FcRn blockade. The meta-analyses enabled synthesis of outcome patterns across studies, highlighting both overall trends in clinical improvement and variability between cohorts, subtypes, and treatment strategies. Where pooling was feasible, estimates provided directional insight in treatment-related outcomes with efgartigimod while reflecting between-study heterogeneity in populations and treatment strategy.",
        "Conclusions": "Real-world data in extracellular antibody-mediated AIE show consistent clinical improvement across studies, including in patients treated with efgartigimod. This meta-analysis provides a synthesized view of outcomes across cohorts and supports further prospective evaluation of FcRn blockade in this population.",
        "Disclosures": "Maya U. De Belder, PhD: Mrs. De Belder has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Argenx. Mrs. De Belder has or had stock in argenx.\nAnastasia N. Taktikou, MSc: Miss TAKTIKOU has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA.\nJelena Jovanovic: Dr. Jovanovic has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA. Dr. Jovanovic has or had stock in IQVIA.\nAsimina Papadimitriou, MSc: Ms. Papadimitriou has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA.\nIgnacio Demey, MD, PhD: Ignacio Demey, MD, PhD has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of IQVIA.\nSusan V. Ellor, MD, PhD: Dr. Ellor has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Ellor has or had stock in argenx.\nFemke De Ruyck, Ir: Mrs. De Ruyck has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mrs. De Ruyck has or had stock in argenx."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Real-world data in extracellular antibody-mediated AIE show consistent clinical improvement across studies, including in patients treated with efgartigimod. This meta-analysis provides a synthesized view of outcomes across cohorts and supports further prospective evaluation of FcRn blockade in this population.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65311",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65311",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65312",
      "source_id": "65312",
      "abstract_number": "1-037",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-037",
      "title": "Decoding Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalitis: Clinical Spectrum, Immunotherapy Response, and Outcomes from a Tertiary Care Center of North India",
      "authors": "Apurva H. Patel, MD; Prateek Thakur; Sarika Mutyala, MBBS; Rahul Sinha, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Apurva H. Patel, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Apurva H. Patel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Apurva H. Patel",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Prateek Thakur",
          "normalized_name": "Prateek Thakur",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Thakur has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarika Mutyala, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sarika Mutyala",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mutyala has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rahul Sinha, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rahul Sinha",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sinha has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Apurva H. Patel",
        "Prateek Thakur",
        "Sarika Mutyala",
        "Rahul Sinha"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Apurva H. Patel, MD; Prateek Thakur; Sarika Mutyala, MBBS; Rahul Sinha, MD",
        "Affiliations": "ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES",
        "Objective": "To evaluate the clinical spectrum and immunotherapy response patterns in pediatric autoimmune encephalitis at a tertiary care center.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) refers to brain inflammation caused by a misdirected immune response against self-antigens in the central nervous system. The expansion of this field has been fueled by identification of several pathogenic autoantibodies causing neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. A significant proportion of pediatric AIE cases are diagnosed as seronegative based on diagnostic criteria. Early identification and treatment improve patient outcomes of both serogroups.",
        "Design/Methods": "Data from 15 pediatric patients with AIE were retrospectively analyzed from May 2025 to March 2026. The clinical profile and response to immunotherapy in autoimmune encephalitis were studied.",
        "Results": "15 subjects (10 males, 5 females) were identified, with a mean age of 6.5 years. 10 children who tested antibody positive were classified as definite-AIE (Anti-NMDAR, n=8; Anti-GAD, n=2). Clinical presentation for Anti-NMDAR encephalitis included behavioral abnormalities (10/10), seizures (10/10), dyskinesia (9/10), sleep disturbance (8/10), and emotional lability (8/10). Anti-GAD syndromes presented with behavioral abnormalities and refractory epilepsy. Five seronegative patients who showed improvement with immunotherapy were categorized as probable-AIE. EEG abnormality was seen in (10/15) of cases. MRI (Brain) abnormality was observed in (3/15) of cases. Immunotherapy was administered to all (initial co-administration of methylprednisolone, 30 mg/kg/day and IVIG, 2 g/kg/day; in non-responders, plasma-exchange and rituximab, was given). The average response rate to immunotherapy was 4-6 weeks in seropositive AIE and 3-4 weeks in seronegative. EEG correlated with recovery. Second-line immunotherapy was required in 3/15 refractory cases with Anti-NMDAR and Anti-GAD encephalitis.",
        "Conclusions": "Early initiation of immunotherapy was associated with favorable outcomes. EEG is often a better monitoring tool for tracking cognitive/recovery improvements. Seropositive encephalitis children more often required second-line immunotherapy, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and timely escalation of treatment to improve neurological outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Apurva H. Patel, MD: Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose.\nPrateek Thakur: Mr. Thakur has nothing to disclose.\nSarika Mutyala, MBBS: Dr. Mutyala has nothing to disclose.\nRahul Sinha, MD: Dr. Sinha has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Early initiation of immunotherapy was associated with favorable outcomes. EEG is often a better monitoring tool for tracking cognitive/recovery improvements. Seropositive encephalitis children more often required second-line immunotherapy, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and timely escalation of treatment to improve neurological outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65312",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65312",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 312
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65314",
      "source_id": "65314",
      "abstract_number": "1-039",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-039",
      "title": "Antibody-negative Paraneoplastic Granulomatous Rhombencephalitis associated with Primary Mediastinal Seminoma",
      "authors": "Kyle Alexander; Sydney Lee, MD; Thomas V. Varghese, Jr., MD, MS, MBA; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Kyle Alexander",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kyle Alexander",
          "normalized_name": "Kyle Alexander",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kyle Alexander has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sydney Lee, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sydney Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas V. Varghese, Jr., MD, MS, MBA",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas V. Varghese, Jr",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Varghese has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Journal of the American College of Surgeons."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Tammy L. Smith",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Imaging and Neurosciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kyle Alexander",
        "Sydney Lee",
        "Thomas V. Varghese, Jr",
        "Tammy L. Smith",
        "Stacey Clardy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah",
        "Imaging and Neurosciences Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kyle Alexander; Sydney Lee, MD; Thomas V. Varghese, Jr., MD, MS, MBA; Tammy L. Smith, MD, PhD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah\nImaging and Neurosciences Center",
        "Objective": "Describe an unusual presentation of antibody-negative rhombencephalitis with granulomatous pathology associated with mediastinal seminoma.",
        "Background": "Neurologic syndromes associated with seminoma are typically antibody-mediated, most commonly linked to KLHL11, and usually present as limbic or brainstem encephalitis. Granulomatous CNS inflammation has not been well described in this setting.",
        "Design/Methods": "CASE REPORT",
        "Results": "A 33-year-old male presented with subacute diplopia, vertigo, and gait ataxia following several months of constitutional symptoms, including weight loss. MRI brain showed a T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesion involving the right dorsal medulla, cerebellopontine angle, and cerebellum, with associated nodular enhancement. CSF demonstrated lymphocytic pleocytosis with elevated protein and a persistent unique oligoclonal band. Extensive infectious, rheumatologic, and paraneoplastic antibody testing, including KLHL11 and Ma2 in serum and CSF, was negative, with no evidence of neuronal staining on composite tissue. Despite initial clinical improvement with corticosteroids, imaging demonstrated radiologic progression. Brain biopsy revealed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, with broad infectious and neoplastic evaluation, including PCR and metagenomic next-generation sequencing, unrevealing. Whole-body PET-CT imaging revealed two hypermetabolic anterior mediastinal nodules, and surgical resection confirmed a primary mediastinal seminoma. Testicular ultrasound was negative. The patient demonstrated marked clinical and radiographic improvement with corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and chemotherapy.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights a steroid-responsive rhombencephalitis with biopsy-proven granulomatous inflammation occurring in association with primary mediastinal seminoma. In the absence of an identifiable infectious or systemic granulomatous process, findings support a paraneoplastic immune-mediated mechanism. This expands the spectrum of seminoma-associated neuroimmunologic disease and underscores the value of comprehensive malignancy screening and early tissue diagnosis (low threshold to biopsy) in atypical CNS inflammatory presentations.",
        "Disclosures": "Kyle Alexander: Kyle Alexander has nothing to disclose.\nSydney Lee, MD: Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose.\nThomas V. Varghese, Jr., MD, MS, MBA: Dr. Varghese has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Journal of the American College of Surgeons.\nTammy L. Smith, MD, PhD: Dr. Smith has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. The institution of Dr. Smith has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights a steroid-responsive rhombencephalitis with biopsy-proven granulomatous inflammation occurring in association with primary mediastinal seminoma. In the absence of an identifiable infectious or systemic granulomatous process, findings support a paraneoplastic immune-mediated mechanism.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65314",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65314",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 254
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65315",
      "source_id": "65315",
      "abstract_number": "1-040",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-040",
      "title": "Mollaret-like Recurrent Aseptic Meningitis in a Lymphoma Survivor with Negative HSV Testing",
      "authors": "Sahithi Avva; Ashley E. Aaroe, MD; Gloria Sura, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sahithi Avva",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sahithi Avva",
          "normalized_name": "Sahithi Avva",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist",
          "disclosure": "Sahithi Avva has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley E. Aaroe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley E. Aaroe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "MD Anderson Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aaroe has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Delphi Panel Consultant with Advi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Gloria Sura, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Gloria Sura",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sura has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sahithi Avva",
        "Ashley E. Aaroe",
        "Gloria Sura"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Houston Methodist",
        "MD Anderson Cancer Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Houston Methodist",
        "MD Anderson Cancer Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sahithi Avva; Ashley E. Aaroe, MD; Gloria Sura, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Houston Methodist\nMD Anderson Cancer Center",
        "Objective": "To describe an interesting case of Mollaret meningitis with negative HSV-2 in lymphoma survivor",
        "Background": "Mollaret meningitis is a rare form of recurrent aseptic meningitis that is frequently associated with Herpes simplex virus type-2(HSV2) infection. However, a subset of patients remains HSV negative despite repeated testing, indicating the possibility of alternative mechanisms such as immune dysregulation, particularly in the context of hematologic malignancies.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective review of clinical course, diagnostic workup, hospitalizations, and treatments.",
        "Results": "A 46-year-old man with a history of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma without central nervous system involvement, previously treated with lenalidomide, obinutuzumab, and CHOP, had remained in remission for seven years. In November 2024, he presented to the hospital with recurrent episodes of fever and headache, accompanied by nausea and photophobia. Physical examination revealed nuchal rigidity, with negative Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs. The patient's clinical history included similar episodes of meningitis in 2020 and a subsequent recurrence in 2022. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis demonstrated pleocytosis, with cell counts ranging from 14 cells in 2024 to 41 cells in 2020, predominantly eosinophilic and lymphocytic. CSF protein and glucose levels were within normal limits. Cytological examination identified monocytes with bilobed and cloverleaf-shaped nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, resembling Mollaret cells, negative for malignant cells. Extensive infectious workup, including HSV-2 PCR, HHV-6, varicella-zoster virus, enterovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus, was negative. Due to eosinophilic predominance, additional testing for parasitic and fungal causes was negative. Autoimmune workup was unremarkable. MRI brain showed no meningeal enhancement. The patient experienced clinical improvement within one week without treatment.",
        "Conclusions": "This case raises the possibility that immune dysregulation may contribute to the development of recurrent aseptic meningitis. In HSV-negative cases, particularly those presenting with atypical features, clinicians should consider immune-mediated mechanisms after excluding infectious and neoplastic etiologies.",
        "Disclosures": "Sahithi Avva: Sahithi Avva has nothing to disclose.\nAshley E. Aaroe, MD: Dr. Aaroe has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Delphi Panel Consultant with Advi.\nGloria Sura, MD: Dr. Sura has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case raises the possibility that immune dysregulation may contribute to the development of recurrent aseptic meningitis. In HSV-negative cases, particularly those presenting with atypical features, clinicians should consider immune-mediated mechanisms after excluding infectious and neoplastic etiologies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65315",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65315",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 289
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65316",
      "source_id": "65316",
      "abstract_number": "1-041",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-041",
      "title": "A Case of Recurrent Anti-DPPX Encephalitis Associated with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia",
      "authors": "Sarah C. Anderson, BSc, MBChB; TeApatuoterangi A. McCrea, MBBS; Viswas V. Dayal, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sarah C. Anderson, BSc, MBChB",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sarah C. Anderson, BSc, MBChB",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah C. Anderson",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Anderson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "TeApatuoterangi A. McCrea, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "TeApatuoterangi A. McCrea",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McCrea has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Viswas V. Dayal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Viswas V. Dayal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Auckland Hospital (ADHB)- NEUROLOGY DEPT",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dayal has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sarah C. Anderson",
        "TeApatuoterangi A. McCrea",
        "Viswas V. Dayal"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Auckland Hospital (ADHB)- NEUROLOGY DEPT"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Auckland Hospital (ADHB)- NEUROLOGY DEPT"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sarah C. Anderson, BSc, MBChB; TeApatuoterangi A. McCrea, MBBS; Viswas V. Dayal, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Auckland Hospital (ADHB)- NEUROLOGY DEPT",
        "Objective": "Review an interesting case of a rare disease, its associated complications, and the relevant literature.",
        "Background": "Dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein-6 (DPPX) antibody-associated encephalitis is a rare disease that presents with a triad of central nervous system hyperexcitability, weight loss and diarrhoea. The clinical course is protracted. Rarely there is an association with B-cell neoplasms. Immunotherapy is recommended to manage anti-DPPX encephalitis, though treatment duration and long-term outcomes are less certain, and relapses are common.",
        "Design/Methods": "Review of case notes and literature.",
        "Results": "A 54-year-old man presented with three months of abdominal pain, diarrhoea and 38 kg of weight loss. He was recently diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), managed conservatively due to minimal disease activity. While admitted in hospital for gastrointestinal investigations, over three days he became encephalopathic with hallucinations, tonic-clonic seizures, and then status epilepticus. He was admitted to the intensive care unit and received anti-seizure medication. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild diffuse cortical hyperintensities, consistent with encephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed a lymphocytic pleocytosis (53 white cells, predominantly lymphocytes) and DPPX antibodies were positive. He was treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin. His hallucinations and gastrointestinal symptoms resolved. His cognitive deficits persisted, scoring 60/100 on the Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination (ACE-III) after two weeks of treatment. He received weekly rituximab for four weeks. Two months later his ACE-III improved to 72/100. He commenced ibrutinib, but 18 months later he re-presented with an anti-DPPX encephalitis relapse. This was treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and plasmapheresis, with modest improvement in symptoms. Though his CLL remains indolent, there is a plan to re-start rituximab with venetoclax, in an attempt to prevent further encephalitis relapses.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the classic presentation of anti-DPPX encephalitis, its association with B-cell neoplasms, and propensity for recurrence. There are acute and long-term management issues to consider when treating rare autoimmune conditions.",
        "Disclosures": "Sarah C. Anderson, BSc, MBChB: Dr. Anderson has nothing to disclose.\nTeApatuoterangi A. McCrea, MBBS: Dr. McCrea has nothing to disclose.\nViswas V. Dayal, MD: Dr. Dayal has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the classic presentation of anti-DPPX encephalitis, its association with B-cell neoplasms, and propensity for recurrence. There are acute and long-term management issues to consider when treating rare autoimmune conditions.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65316",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65316",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65317",
      "source_id": "65317",
      "abstract_number": "1-042",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-042",
      "title": "Phenotype-specific Outcomes in Autoimmune Encephalitis",
      "authors": "Emily Virag; Danielle B. Dilsaver, MS; Jagkirat Singh, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Emily Virag",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Emily Virag",
          "normalized_name": "Emily Virag",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Virag has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Danielle B. Dilsaver, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Danielle B. Dilsaver",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Dilsaver has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jagkirat Singh, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Jagkirat Singh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "CHI Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Emily Virag",
        "Danielle B. Dilsaver",
        "Jagkirat Singh"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "CHI Health"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "CHI Health"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Emily Virag; Danielle B. Dilsaver, MS; Jagkirat Singh, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "CHI Health",
        "Objective": "The goal of our study was to investigate the relationship between autoimmune encephalitis (AE) phenotype domains and in-hospital and discharge outcomes.",
        "Background": "AE is a rare cause of subacute encephalopathy, presenting with amnesia, behavioral changes, and psychiatric manifestations. Despite advancements in neuronal autoantibody identification, diagnosis often relies on phenotypic presentation due to delays in antibody confirmation. Phenotypic features present early and may help determine urgency of treatment; however, there is insufficient literature defining the relationship between predominant phenotypes and inpatient outcomes. We hypothesized that phenotype-based presentation in AE would be associated with distinct patterns of inpatient severity, resource utilization, and discharge outcomes.",
        "Design/Methods": "Hospitalizations for AE were abstracted from the 2016-2022 National Inpatient Sample and categorized based on non-mutually exclusive phenotype groups of seizure, cognitive change/confusion, movement, or new-onset psychosis. Specific phenotype combinations were also examined. Outcomes investigated included in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS) and cost, discharge disposition, and in-hospital severe events (shock, mechanical ventilation).",
        "Results": "There were an estimated 19,175 hospitalizations for AE; of those, seizure was the most frequent phenotype (Weighted N: 8,405), followed by cognitive/confusion (Weighted N: 6,495). The cognitive/confusion phenotype had the worst clinical outcomes, with an inpatient mortality rate of 3.85%, mechanical ventilation was performed in 19.5% of hospitalizations, and the average LOS and hospital cost were 20.26 days (SD: 0.73 days), and $77,735 (SD $3,647), respectively. Rare phenotype combinations demonstrated greatest hospital burden, with movement and new psychosis combination group having the longest average LOS (47.64 ± 6.27 days) and highest average cost ($161,324 ± 8,501).",
        "Conclusions": "Amongst phenotypic groups, seizure and cognitive/confusion traits were most prevalent, whereas cognitive/confusion phenotypes were associated with the worst outcomes. Phenotype combinations were linked to increased hospital burden. These findings suggest that clinical phenotypes may serve as important prognostic factors in AE.",
        "Disclosures": "Emily Virag: Ms. Virag has nothing to disclose.\nDanielle B. Dilsaver, MS: Miss Dilsaver has nothing to disclose.\nJagkirat Singh, MBBS: Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Amongst phenotypic groups, seizure and cognitive/confusion traits were most prevalent, whereas cognitive/confusion phenotypes were associated with the worst outcomes. Phenotype combinations were linked to increased hospital burden. These findings suggest that clinical phenotypes may serve as important prognostic factors in AE.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65317",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65317",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 308
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65318",
      "source_id": "65318",
      "abstract_number": "1-043",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-043",
      "title": "Longitudinal FreeSurfer Volumetric Analysis as a High-sensitivity Radiographic Tool for Disease Progression in Rasmussen Syndrome",
      "authors": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD; Ekta G. Shah, DO, MS; Madeleine H. McLaughlin, MD; Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN; Varun Kannan, MD; Shayan Monabbati, PhD; Eswar Damaraju, MS; Adam Goldman-Yassen; Kartik Reddy, MD, MSCR",
      "presenting_author": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Childrens health care of atlanta",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ekta G. Shah, DO, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Ekta G. Shah",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Washington University in St. Louis",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Madeleine H. McLaughlin, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Madeleine H. McLaughlin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hebert has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Grace Gombolay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from CDC. The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from NIH. Dr. Gombolay has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee with National MS Society -Georgia chapter that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Varun Kannan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Varun Kannan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory/CHOA",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shayan Monabbati, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Shayan Monabbati",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Monabbati has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Eswar Damaraju, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Eswar Damaraju",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Damaraju has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adam Goldman-Yassen",
          "normalized_name": "Adam Goldman-Yassen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Adam Goldman-Yassen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kartik Reddy, MD, MSCR",
          "normalized_name": "Kartik Reddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Reddy has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Prabhumallikarjun Patil",
        "Ekta G. Shah",
        "Madeleine H. McLaughlin",
        "Grace Gombolay",
        "Varun Kannan",
        "Shayan Monabbati",
        "Eswar Damaraju",
        "Adam Goldman-Yassen",
        "Kartik Reddy"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Childrens health care of atlanta",
        "Washington University in St. Louis",
        "Emory",
        "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
        "Emory/CHOA"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Childrens health care of atlanta",
        "Washington University in St. Louis",
        "Emory",
        "Emory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta",
        "Emory/CHOA"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD; Ekta G. Shah, DO, MS; Madeleine H. McLaughlin, MD; Grace Gombolay, MD, FAAN; Varun Kannan, MD; Shayan Monabbati, PhD; Eswar Damaraju, MS; Adam Goldman-Yassen; Kartik Reddy, MD, MSCR",
        "Affiliations": "Childrens health care of atlanta\nWashington University in St. Louis\nEmory\nEmory University/Children'S Healthcare of Atlanta\nEmory/CHOA",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Rasmussen syndrome (RS) is an immune-mediated, refractory epilepsy characterized by progressive unilateral cortical atrophy. Standard radiological surveillance relies on qualitative assessment and does not quantify volume loss as part of clinical care. Longitudinal analysis pipelines such as FreeSurfer (FS) use machine learning approaches to generate biologically meaningful metrics of disease progression by quantifying regional brain volume loss. The FS longitudinal pipeline constructs an unbiased within subject template across all time points, minimizing session to session variability and avoiding over regularization.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a single-center retrospective case series of two patients with confirmed Rasmussen syndrome who underwent serial brain MRI. All imaging time points were processed using the Standard FreeSurfer 8.1 longitudinal pipeline.",
        "Results": "Results: Patient 1 (10.2-month follow-up) demonstrated cumulative ipsilateral volume loss involving the thalamus (−32.2%; 5,376 → 3,645 mm³), hippocampus (−22.7%), caudate (−15.8%), and putamen (−13.8%), with relative contralateral thalamic stability (−0.7%). The thalamic asymmetry index (TAI) increased from −11.7% to −29.9%. During two intervals qualitatively reported as “no interval change” on standard radiology reports, FS 8.1 detected ipsilateral thalamic atrophy of −6.5% and −3.2%, along with caudate (−8.6%) and putaminal (−7.4%) volume loss. Patient 2 (39.3-month follow-up) exhibited ipsilateral thalamic volume loss of −18.0% compared with −9.7% contralaterally and caudate loss of −17.7%. In a similarly reported “no-change” interval on conventional MRI interpretation, FS 8.1 identified thalamic (−2.3%) and caudate (−2.8%) volume loss with contralateral stability. Across both cases, three radiology reports did not mention progression despite quantitatively demonstrable volume loss detected by FS analysis.",
        "Conclusions": "Longitudinal FS volumetric analysis detected progressive brain volume loss and identified disease progression at three independent time points earlier to conventional radiological reporting. Incorporation of longitudinal quantitative volumetric analysis into routine imaging workflows may facilitate earlier detection of disease progression and inform medical and surgical decision making.",
        "Disclosures": "Prabhumallikarjun Patil, MD: Dr. Patil has nothing to disclose.\nEkta G. Shah, DO, MS: Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose.\nMadeleine H. McLaughlin, MD: Dr. Hebert has nothing to disclose.\nGrace Gombolay, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from CDC. The institution of Dr. Gombolay has received research support from NIH. Dr. Gombolay has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee with National MS Society -Georgia chapter that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nVarun Kannan, MD: Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose.\nShayan Monabbati, PhD: Dr. Monabbati has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nEswar Damaraju, MS: Mr. Damaraju has nothing to disclose.\nAdam Goldman-Yassen: Adam Goldman-Yassen has nothing to disclose.\nKartik Reddy, MD, MSCR: Dr. Reddy has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Longitudinal FS volumetric analysis detected progressive brain volume loss and identified disease progression at three independent time points earlier to conventional radiological reporting. Incorporation of longitudinal quantitative volumetric analysis into routine imaging workflows may facilitate earlier detection of disease progression and inform medical and surgical decision making.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65318",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65318",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 318
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65320",
      "source_id": "65320",
      "abstract_number": "1-045",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-045",
      "title": "Neurocardiac Crosstalk in LGI1 Encephalitis: A Case of Ictal Tachycardia Induced Left Bundle Branch Block",
      "authors": "Jade Thomas, DO; Manali Desai, DO; Hanna Malik, DO; Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD; Katherine A. Zarroli, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Jade Thomas, DO",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jade Thomas, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Jade Thomas",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Thomas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Manali Desai, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Manali Desai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Desai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hanna Malik, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Hanna Malik",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Hanna Malik, DO has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Harvard University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Carvajal- Gonzalez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Katherine A. Zarroli, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Katherine A. Zarroli",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Florida - Jacksonville",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zarroli has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jade Thomas",
        "Manali Desai",
        "Hanna Malik",
        "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez",
        "Katherine A. Zarroli"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Harvard University",
        "University of Florida - Jacksonville"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Harvard University",
        "University of Florida - Jacksonville"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jade Thomas, DO; Manali Desai, DO; Hanna Malik, DO; Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD; Katherine A. Zarroli, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Harvard University\nUniversity of Florida - Jacksonville",
        "Objective": "To present a case of a new onset intermittent left bundle branch block (LBBB) worsened by ictal tachycardia in an elderly male patient with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis.",
        "Background": "LGI1 encephalitis is the second most common immune-mediated encephalitis . It can manifest with focal seizures (faciobrachial dystonic and/or autonomic seizures), memory impairment, psychiatric disturbances, and dysautonomia. LGI1 encephalitis commonly affects male older individuals, a sub-group at increased risk for cardiac disease. Cardiac bradyarrhythmias have been reported in association with LGI1 encephalitis. Tachycardia-associated conduction abnormalities have not been reported.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 74-year-old male presented to the University of Florida in Jacksonville after a first focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure. He also reported memory impairment over the previous year and episodic epigastric rising sensations with nausea, lasting seconds long. He was discharged on levetiracetam monotherapy; however, focal preserved consciousness (FPC) seizures persisted. He was therefore admitted to the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit where multiple independent left>right temporal seizures were captured. Seizures induced tachycardia with a notable worsening of a left bundle branch block, mimicking ventricular tachycardia. Serial EKGs showed normal sinus rhythm with an intermittent LBBB. Cardiology evaluation found no structural or ischemic heart disease. There were no electrolyte abnormalities. MRI brain showed T2/FLAIR hyperintensities at the left mesial temporal lobe. Serum and CSF testing identified LGI1-IgG antibodies. Oncologic work-up was negative. The FPC seizures and ictal-related cardiac issues resolved with the addition of oxcarbazepine and intravenous methylprednisolone.",
        "Conclusions": "Seizures can be associated with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities. LGI1 encephalitis commonly occurs in a vulnerable older population already at increased risk for cardiac disease and can lead to conduction abnormalities, by way of potassium channel dysfunction. Early identification of peri-ictal cardiac phenomena that can impact morbidity and mortality is important when caring for a patient with LGI1 encephalitis.",
        "Disclosures": "Jade Thomas, DO: Dr. Thomas has nothing to disclose.\nManali Desai, DO: Dr. Desai has nothing to disclose.\nHanna Malik, DO: Hanna Malik, DO has nothing to disclose.\nAlexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD: Dr. Carvajal- Gonzalez has nothing to disclose.\nKatherine A. Zarroli, MD: Dr. Zarroli has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Seizures can be associated with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities. LGI1 encephalitis commonly occurs in a vulnerable older population already at increased risk for cardiac disease and can lead to conduction abnormalities, by way of potassium channel dysfunction.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65320",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65320",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 298
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65321",
      "source_id": "65321",
      "abstract_number": "1-046",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-046",
      "title": "Dual LGI1/CASPR2 Positive Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis in a Pediatric Patient with Amnesia: A Case Report of a Rare Phenotype",
      "authors": "Yuvraj Pathria; Sakshi Sharma; Tatia Aprasidze",
      "presenting_author": "Yuvraj Pathria",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Yuvraj Pathria",
          "normalized_name": "Yuvraj Pathria",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Pathria has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sakshi Sharma",
          "normalized_name": "Sakshi Sharma",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Sharma has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tatia Aprasidze",
          "normalized_name": "Tatia Aprasidze",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "M. Iashvili Children Central Hospital, D. Tvildiani Medical University",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Aprasidze has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Yuvraj Pathria",
        "Sakshi Sharma",
        "Tatia Aprasidze"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "M. Iashvili Children Central Hospital, D. Tvildiani Medical University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "M. Iashvili Children Central Hospital, D. Tvildiani Medical University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Yuvraj Pathria; Sakshi Sharma; Tatia Aprasidze",
        "Affiliations": "M. Iashvili Children Central Hospital, D. Tvildiani Medical University",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "LGI1 and CASPR2 antibodies target parts of voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complexes. They can produce autoimmune encephalitis presenting as seizures, cognitive decline, and memory impairment. Both these most commonly affect older males. Pediatric cases remain rare, and dual positivity at any age is extremely rare. In approximately half of the confirmed LGI1 cases MRI findings are normal, posing a diagnostic challenge.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 15-year-old female who was previously healthy was admitted with subacute onset of profound anterograde and retrograde amnesia, disorientation to time and place, dizziness, headache and drowsiness. Despite significant memory impairment, verbal communication was preserved. An electroclinical seizure was detected on EEG, with altered consciousness, leftward eye deviation, and perioral automatism lasting one minute. Rhythmic 6-8 Hz left frontotemporal activity was recorded that evolved to 2-4 Hz complexes spread across the right-side region. Two additional subclinical seizures of temporal onset were recorded as well. No features of autonomic dysfunction or peripheral nerve excitability were found. A comprehensive autoimmune encephalitis panel was conducted, with LGI1 antibodies at 1:80 and CASPR2 at 1:640 in serum. CSF values were 1:1 for both. All other antibodies were negative. Infectious workup was unremarkable and empirical acyclovir was discontinued. IV Methylprednisolone pulse therapy and levetiracetam were initiated. EEG normalized prior to discharge, while significant memory deficits persisted. Patient was discharged in a stabilized condition on oral prednisolone taper and levetiracetam with follow-up neuroimaging and prolonged EEG monitoring scheduled.",
        "Conclusions": "This case illustrates that dual LGI1/CASPR2 autoimmune encephalitis can present with pure limbic encephalitis and predominant amnesia in a pediatric patient. This phenotype is unreported in published literature. Normal MRI did not exclude active limbic disease with electroclinically confirmed seizures. Comprehensive autoimmune testing, including testing for dual VGKC antibodies, should be considered for pediatric cases with subacute amnesia and new-onset seizures regardless of neuroimaging findings.",
        "Disclosures": "Yuvraj Pathria: Mr. Pathria has nothing to disclose.\nSakshi Sharma: Miss Sharma has nothing to disclose.\nTatia Aprasidze: Ms. Aprasidze has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case illustrates that dual LGI1/CASPR2 autoimmune encephalitis can present with pure limbic encephalitis and predominant amnesia in a pediatric patient. This phenotype is unreported in published literature. Normal MRI did not exclude active limbic disease with electroclinically confirmed seizures.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65321",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65321",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 304
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65322",
      "source_id": "65322",
      "abstract_number": "1-049",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-049",
      "title": "Anti-IgLON5 Disease: Phenotypic Spectrum, Serum-predominant Seropositivity, and Treatment Response - A Case Series",
      "authors": "Anas Sermani, MD; Ameer Kakaje, MD; Cassie Nesbitt, MBBS; Abhishek Malhotra, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Anas Sermani, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Anas Sermani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Anas Sermani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sermani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ameer Kakaje, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ameer Kakaje",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kakaje has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cassie Nesbitt, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Cassie Nesbitt",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Geelong University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nesbitt has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abhishek Malhotra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abhishek Malhotra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Barwon Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Malhotra has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Anas Sermani",
        "Ameer Kakaje",
        "Cassie Nesbitt",
        "Abhishek Malhotra"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Geelong University Hospital",
        "Barwon Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Geelong University Hospital",
        "Barwon Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Anas Sermani, MD; Ameer Kakaje, MD; Cassie Nesbitt, MBBS; Abhishek Malhotra, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Geelong University Hospital\nBarwon Neurology",
        "Objective": "To describe the phenotypic spectrum, serum-predominant seropositivity and treatment response in three patients with anti-IgLON5 disease.",
        "Background": "IgLON5 is a neuronal cell-adhesion protein; anti-IgLON5 disease bridges autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. The hallmark is a distinctive sleep disorder, and IgLON5-IgG is serum-predominant. IgLON5 antibody can cause encephalitis that can be treated if diagnosed early.",
        "Design/Methods": "Retrospective review of three consecutive patients; IgLON5-IgG by cell-based assay (serum and/or CSF). Patient consent was taken and ethical approval sought.",
        "Results": "Three men (88, 71 and 53 years) presented with a prominent sleep disorder, with behavioural change, cognitive decline, agitation, hallucinations and gait/bulbar features. Case 1: sleep disturbance, cognitive decline, agitation, minimal hallucinations; IVIG and rituximab; back to baseline cognition by week 4. Case 2: sleep disturbance, agitation, visual hallucinations; attributed to alcohol cirrhosis (not withdrawal); steroids, IVIG and rituximab; back to baseline by week 6. Case 3: sleep disturbance, unsteadiness/falls, nocturnal hallucinations; managed as alcohol withdrawal, progressing to respiratory failure requiring intubation; PET-CT showed stable pulmonary nodules with treated testicular malignancy and previous TB; IVIG then plasma exchange and IV methylprednisolone; very good response, rehabilitation then home at baseline cognition. MRI was non-specific in all three and CSF protein, glucose and cells were within normal limits. Serum IgLON5-IgG was positive in 3/3, CSF in only 1/3. Alcohol comorbidity delayed diagnosis in 2/3. No active malignancy was found. All three improved, recovering from being dependent in all care to discharge home, functioning without any support, and one returned to work; best responses followed earlier or escalated treatment.",
        "Conclusions": "In this small series, a prominent sleep disorder was the consistent clue. Serum testing appeared more sensitive than CSF; a CSF-only strategy may under-diagnose, similar to literature. MRI was non-specific and did not aid diagnosis. Earlier immunotherapy appeared to accompany better outcomes, but n = 3 precludes causal inference; findings are hypothesis-generating.",
        "Disclosures": "Anas Sermani, MD: Dr. Sermani has nothing to disclose.\nAmeer Kakaje, MD: Dr. Kakaje has nothing to disclose.\nCassie Nesbitt, MBBS: Dr. Nesbitt has nothing to disclose.\nAbhishek Malhotra, MD: Dr. Malhotra has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In this small series, a prominent sleep disorder was the consistent clue. Serum testing appeared more sensitive than CSF; a CSF-only strategy may under-diagnose, similar to literature. MRI was non-specific and did not aid diagnosis. Earlier immunotherapy appeared to accompany better outcomes, but n = 3 precludes causal inference; findings are hypothesis-generating.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65322",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65322",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65323",
      "source_id": "65323",
      "abstract_number": "1-048",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-048",
      "title": "Autopsy Findings of the Spinal Cord in a Patient with GAD-65 Antibody Mediated Stiff Person Syndrome",
      "authors": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS; Bayan Alqtishat, MD; Rucha Bahekar, MBBS; Murat Gokden; Robert L. Archer, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Chirag S. Lalwani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lalwani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bayan Alqtishat, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bayan Alqtishat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alqtishat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rucha Bahekar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rucha Bahekar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UAMS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bahekar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Murat Gokden",
          "normalized_name": "Murat Gokden",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Murat Gokden has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Robert L. Archer, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Robert L. Archer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Archer has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Chirag S. Lalwani",
        "Bayan Alqtishat",
        "Rucha Bahekar",
        "Murat Gokden",
        "Robert L. Archer"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences",
        "UAMS",
        "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences",
        "UAMS",
        "University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS; Bayan Alqtishat, MD; Rucha Bahekar, MBBS; Murat Gokden; Robert L. Archer, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences\nUAMS\nUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
        "Objective": "There is a dearth of literature surrounding the neuropathological findings of the spinal cord in Glutamate Decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) antibody associated Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS). We present the autopsy findings in a 51-year-old female with this disorder.",
        "Background": "N/A",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 51-year-old female presented with chronic low back pain associated with severe muscle spasms, intermittent leg stiffness, progressive fatigue and memory disturbances for the last 18 months. Examination was pertinent for reduced motor strength (4/5) in left hemi-body; reflexes were brisk in bilateral upper extremities with positive Hoffman’s sign and crossed adductors. Basic laboratory workup was unrevealing; however, serum GAD-65 antibody titers were high (>250, normal range 0-5) along with positive oligoclonal bands. Imaging of the lumbar spine showed multilevel degenerative changes of the spine with grade 4 anterolisthesis at L5- S1 level that was later fixated. She was diagnosed with SPS in 2020 and treated with regular IVIg infusions alongside various immunosuppressive treatments. Despite our best efforts, her condition continued to deteriorate, and she was bedbound in mid 2024, with severe contractions in her feet and uncontrollable pain. She eventually transitioned to hospice care and passed away in early 2025. Postmortem autopsy revealed significant findings within her spinal cord with vacuolations and degenerative changes of anterior horn cells, degeneration of posterior columns, and mild inflammatory changes. Other findings included mild arteriosclerotic changes in the brain, a 0.2 cm pituitary adenoma, and neurogenic atrophy in the skeletal muscle.",
        "Conclusions": "The neuropathological findings described above have rarely been reported. The spinal cord degenerative findings are especially indicative of a cytotoxic cell mediated response being an important driver of this inflammation. This may have significant therapeutic implications as it supports the possibility that the inflammation is pathogenic, potentially warranting early and aggressive immunosuppressive therapy in addition to therapies targeting humoral immunity",
        "Disclosures": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS: Dr. Lalwani has nothing to disclose.\nBayan Alqtishat, MD: Dr. Alqtishat has nothing to disclose.\nRucha Bahekar, MBBS: Dr. Bahekar has nothing to disclose.\nMurat Gokden: Murat Gokden has nothing to disclose.\nRobert L. Archer, MD, FAAN: Dr. Archer has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The neuropathological findings described above have rarely been reported. The spinal cord degenerative findings are especially indicative of a cytotoxic cell mediated response being an important driver of this inflammation.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65323",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65323",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65324",
      "source_id": "65324",
      "abstract_number": "1-047",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-047",
      "title": "Clinical Characteristics of MRI Negative Anti-NMDA Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Series",
      "authors": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS; Rucha Bahekar, MBBS; Shitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Chirag S. Lalwani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lalwani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rucha Bahekar, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rucha Bahekar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UAMS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Bahekar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Shitiz K. Sriwastava",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sriwastava has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Chirag S. Lalwani",
        "Rucha Bahekar",
        "Shitiz K. Sriwastava"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences",
        "UAMS",
        "University Arkansas for Medical Sciences"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences",
        "UAMS",
        "University Arkansas for Medical Sciences"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS; Rucha Bahekar, MBBS; Shitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "University of Arkansas Medical Sciences\nUAMS\nUniversity Arkansas for Medical Sciences",
        "Objective": "To discuss the clinical manifestations of five patients with MRI negative Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis at a single healthcare centre",
        "Background": "NMDA receptor encephalitis is characterized by a constellation of neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with IgG antibodies against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptors typically detected in CSF through cell-based immunofluorescence assays. Brain MRI is frequently normal in 50-70% of patients.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "This report includes five female patients whose mean age at the time of diagnosis was 30.39 years (range: 20 to 45 years). All five patients presented with psychosis, with three patients experiencing auditory visual hallucinations of a deceased family member. Other notable clinical manifestations were disorganised speech in four patients, dysautonomia in three patients along with catatonia and seizures in two patients. Three patients presented with subacute onset of symptoms and symmetrically brisk reflexes bilaterally. From the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis data available, oligoclonal bands were found in two patients (n=2), and lymphocytic leukocytosis was seen in three patients (n=5). Anti-NMDA antibodies were positive in the CSF of all patients, while one patient showed serum positivity as well. MRI brain in all patients was negative for medial temporal hyperintensity or hippocampal atrophy. EEG showed epileptogenicity in one patient. All patients received steroids, with additional treatment including Rituximab in 4 patients, IVIg in 3 patients, PLEX and Cyclophosphamide in 2 patients. After extensive evaluation, one patient was detected to have a mature cystic teratoma. Upon follow up, all patients showed improvement in terms of mentation and ability to perform their daily activities.",
        "Conclusions": "NMDA receptor encephalitis remains to be a clinical and antibody based diagnosis. While preliminary evidence suggests that MRI negative patients may have favourable outcomes when compared to those who have hippocampal involvement, further studies are needed to validate the association and determine its prognostication value.",
        "Disclosures": "Chirag S. Lalwani, MBBS: Dr. Lalwani has nothing to disclose.\nRucha Bahekar, MBBS: Dr. Bahekar has nothing to disclose.\nShitiz K. Sriwastava, MBBS: Dr. Sriwastava has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "NMDA receptor encephalitis remains to be a clinical and antibody based diagnosis. While preliminary evidence suggests that MRI negative patients may have favourable outcomes when compared to those who have hippocampal involvement, further studies are needed to validate the association and determine its prognostication value.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65324",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65324",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65325",
      "source_id": "65325",
      "abstract_number": "1-050",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-050",
      "title": "Decreasing Levels of Neurofilament Light Chain in Relapsing Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy - A Case Report",
      "authors": "Victoria Dai; Elizabeth Verter, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Victoria Dai",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Victoria Dai",
          "normalized_name": "Victoria Dai",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Z-Ply Corporation. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Empire State Piping. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Collective Playground Inc.. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Atlantic Collective Inc.. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Transperfect. Ms. Dai has or had stock in Lexicon Pharmaceuticals.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Microsoft.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Apple.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Uber. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Delta Air Lines. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in iShares National Muni Bond ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in HCA Healthcare.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NextEra Energy.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Chegg.Ms. Dai has or had stock in IBEX.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Bandwidth.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Illumina.Ms. Dai has or had stock in iShares National Muni Bond ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Etsy.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Equinix.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Tesla.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NIO.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NextCure.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Amgen.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Personalis.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Catalent.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Fiesta Restaurant Group.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Las Vegas Sands.Ms. Dai has or had stock in iShares MSCI Emerging Markets ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NCR Voyix Corporations.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NCR Voyix Corporation.Ms. Dai has or had stock in MidCap Financial.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Surgery Partners.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Acres Commercial Realty.Ms. Dai has or had stock in AT&T.Ms. Dai has or had stock in State Street Energy Select Sector SPDR ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in WisdomTree U.S. Efficient Core Fund.Ms. Dai has or had stock in MongoDB.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Vanguard S&P500 ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Rigetti Computing. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Robinhood Markets. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Sandisk. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Solaredge Technologies. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in SS SPDR SP Biotech ETF. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Super Micro Computer. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Taiwan S Manufacturing ADR. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Terawulf. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Tesla. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in USA Rare Earth. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Iren. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Lumentum Holdings. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Meta Platforms. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Micron Technology. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Microsoft . An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in NVDIA. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in OKLO. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Ondas Holdings. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Ondas. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Oracle. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Palantir . An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Advncd Micro D. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Arm Hldgs. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in AST Spacemobile. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Bloom Energy. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Circle Internet Group. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Coinbase Global. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Direxion Daily Semicon. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Eli Lilly. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Intel Corp. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Adobe. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Advncd Micro D. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Alibaba Group Holding. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Alphabet Inc. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Amazon. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Amgen. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Apple. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Applied Material. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Applovin. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Ast Spacemobile."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elizabeth Verter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elizabeth Verter",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Verter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Verter has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Fellow with National MS Society."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Victoria Dai",
        "Elizabeth Verter"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Victoria Dai; Elizabeth Verter, MD",
        "Objective": "We review usage of neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a biomarker for disease activity in glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A).",
        "Background": "GFAP-A is a monophasic or relapsing immune mediated meningoencephalomyelitis associated with IgG antibodies against GFAP. NfL, a product of axonal breakdown detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum, is an established biomarker of neuroinflammation/neurodegeneration. Elevated CSF and serum NfL (sNfL) were reported during acute GFAP-A.",
        "Design/Methods": "We describe a case of acute exacerbation of GFAP-A without increased sNfL levels.",
        "Results": "A 41-year-old female presented to an outside hospital with generalized weakness, altered mental status, painful spasms, and urinary retention. MRI revealed multiple confluent supratentorial and infratentorial lesions with associated radial perivascular enhancement, and diffuse longitudinal cervical and thoracic cord signal hyperintensity, with edema and patchy enhancement. CSF revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein. Patient was diagnosed and treated for multiple sclerosis with 3 days of high dose intravenous steroids and 300mg of ocrelizumab. Patient then presented to our center with relapsing disease and was diagnosed with CSF confirmed GFAP-A. Patient had significant clinical improvement after plasma exchange and steroid taper, with resolved perivascular enhancement and reduction in parenchymal T2 hyperintensities. sNfl was measured (390 pg/mL, normal <17.3 pg/mL) ~2 months after relapse and steadily declined over 7 months. At 8 months, while on 8mg prednisone, she developed expressive aphasia. Imaging revealed recurrent perivascular enhancement. Despite clinical and radiographic evidence of relapse, sNfL further decreased (31.5 pg/mL). Patient was treated with intravenous steroids, plasma exchange, and rituximab. sNfL 2 months post-treatment was stable.",
        "Conclusions": "To our knowledge, no reports exist of declining NfL in acute GFAP-A. These findings suggest NfL levels may not be a reliable marker of disease activity in GFAP-A, possibly representing delayed neurodegeneration after acute inflammatory process. Further studies are needed to understand NfL trajectory throughout this disease course.",
        "Disclosures": "Victoria Dai: An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Z-Ply Corporation. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Empire State Piping. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Collective Playground Inc.. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Atlantic Collective Inc.. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Transperfect. Ms. Dai has or had stock in Lexicon Pharmaceuticals.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Microsoft.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Apple.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Uber. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Alexion Pharmaceuticals.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Delta Air Lines. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in iShares National Muni Bond ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in HCA Healthcare.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NextEra Energy.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Chegg.Ms. Dai has or had stock in IBEX.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Bandwidth.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Illumina.Ms. Dai has or had stock in iShares National Muni Bond ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Etsy.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Equinix.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Tesla.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NIO.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NextCure.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Amgen.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Personalis.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Catalent.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Fiesta Restaurant Group.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Las Vegas Sands.Ms. Dai has or had stock in iShares MSCI Emerging Markets ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NCR Voyix Corporations.Ms. Dai has or had stock in NCR Voyix Corporation.Ms. Dai has or had stock in MidCap Financial.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Surgery Partners.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Acres Commercial Realty.Ms. Dai has or had stock in AT&T.Ms. Dai has or had stock in State Street Energy Select Sector SPDR ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in WisdomTree U.S. Efficient Core Fund.Ms. Dai has or had stock in MongoDB.Ms. Dai has or had stock in Vanguard S&P500 ETF.Ms. Dai has or had stock in SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Rigetti Computing. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Robinhood Markets. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Sandisk. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Solaredge Technologies. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in SS SPDR SP Biotech ETF. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Super Micro Computer. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Taiwan S Manufacturing ADR. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Terawulf. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Tesla. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in USA Rare Earth. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Iren. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Lumentum Holdings. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Meta Platforms. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Micron Technology. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Microsoft . An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in NVDIA. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in OKLO. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Ondas Holdings. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Ondas. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Oracle. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Palantir . An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Advncd Micro D. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Arm Hldgs. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in AST Spacemobile. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Bloom Energy. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Circle Internet Group. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Coinbase Global. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Direxion Daily Semicon. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Eli Lilly. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Intel Corp. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Adobe. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Advncd Micro D. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Alibaba Group Holding. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Alphabet Inc. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Amazon. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Amgen. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Apple. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Applied Material. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Applovin. An immediate family member of Ms. Dai has or had stock in Ast Spacemobile.\nElizabeth Verter, MD: Dr. Verter has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Verter has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Fellow with National MS Society."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "To our knowledge, no reports exist of declining NfL in acute GFAP-A. These findings suggest NfL levels may not be a reliable marker of disease activity in GFAP-A, possibly representing delayed neurodegeneration after acute inflammatory process. Further studies are needed to understand NfL trajectory throughout this disease course.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65325",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65325",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65326",
      "source_id": "65326",
      "abstract_number": "1-051",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-051",
      "title": "Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Presenting with Radiographic Findings Mimicking Glioma",
      "authors": "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD; Pooja Patel, DO; Catherine Rojvirat, MD, PhD; Kanika Sharma, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD",
          "normalized_name": "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Haribhakti has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Pooja Patel, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Pooja Patel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catherine Rojvirat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Catherine Rojvirat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rojvirat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kanika Sharma, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kanika Sharma",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rutgers- RWJMS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sharma has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD",
        "Pooja Patel",
        "Catherine Rojvirat",
        "Kanika Sharma"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson",
        "Rutgers- RWJMS"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson",
        "Rutgers- RWJMS"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD; Pooja Patel, DO; Catherine Rojvirat, MD, PhD; Kanika Sharma, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson\nRutgers- RWJMS",
        "Objective": "To report a case of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis with radiographic findings mimicking glioma.",
        "Background": "Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis has clinical manifestations including psychosis, behavioral changes, seizures, dyskinesias, and autonomic dysfunction. MRI Brain may be normal or demonstrate T2/FLAIR hyperintensities or contrast enhancement in the temporal lobe.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 42-year-old female presented with new auditory and visual hallucinations and headaches. Per collateral, she was found speaking to pictures on the walls. In the ED, she exhibited delusions, hallucinations, paranoia, pressured speech, and tangential thinking. On examination, she was oriented to self only, intact cranial nerves, strength, sensation to light touch and reflexes. CT Head revealed a hypodense, calcified lesion in the left temporal lobe and insula with surrounding vasogenic edema. MRI Brain demonstrated a contrast enhancing lesion in the left temporal lobe and insula with significant vasogenic edema. Video EEG was notable for left temporal focal slowing without evidence of seizures or epileptiform discharges. MRI spectroscopy was notable for concerns of a primary high grade glial neoplasm given increased choline peak, decreased N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) peak and an elevated lactate peak. Preliminary cerebrospinal fluid results included total cells 32 (29 lymphocytes and 3 monocytes), protein 30, and glucose 55. Given high concern that the temporal lobe lesion was a glioma, the patient was discharged with outpatient neurosurgery follow-up. The patient tested positive for CSF anti-NMDA receptor three weeks later, prompting re-hospitalization for further treatment. The patient completed three days of intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone 1 g daily, five days of IVIG 0.4 g/kg, and five sessions of plasmapheresis alternating with IV methylprednisolone 500 mg daily on non-plasmapheresis days with radiographic and clinical improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis can radiographically resemble a glioma, creating diagnostic challenges and delays in treatment. Cases may be treatment refractory, requiring a combination of immunosuppressive therapies to achieve disease control.",
        "Disclosures": "Aditi Haribhakti, PharmD: Dr. Haribhakti has nothing to disclose.\nPooja Patel, DO: Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose.\nCatherine Rojvirat, MD, PhD: Dr. Rojvirat has nothing to disclose.\nKanika Sharma, MD: Dr. Sharma has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis can radiographically resemble a glioma, creating diagnostic challenges and delays in treatment. Cases may be treatment refractory, requiring a combination of immunosuppressive therapies to achieve disease control.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65326",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65326",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 304
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65327",
      "source_id": "65327",
      "abstract_number": "1-052",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-052",
      "title": "Characterizing Psychiatric Sequelae of Autoimmune Encephalitis and Stiff Person Syndrome",
      "authors": "Adam Dinoff, MD; Kathy L. Niu, MD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Adam Dinoff, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Adam Dinoff, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Adam Dinoff",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "UT Southwestern",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dinoff has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kathy L. Niu, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kathy L. Niu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Niu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kyle M. Blackburn, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Kyle M. Blackburn",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Adam Dinoff",
        "Kathy L. Niu",
        "Kyle M. Blackburn"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UT Southwestern",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UT Southwestern",
        "University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Adam Dinoff, MD; Kathy L. Niu, MD; Kyle M. Blackburn, MD",
        "Affiliations": "UT Southwestern\nUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center",
        "Objective": "This research aims to characterize the prevalence of psychiatric sequelae of Autoimmune Encephalitis (AIE) and Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS).",
        "Background": "Damage to the central nervous system from AIE or SPS can cause long-term effects. Chronic depression and anxiety are common, but little is known about other psychiatric and behavioral symptoms such as impulsivity, suicidality, and aggression in these populations.",
        "Design/Methods": "Individuals with antibody-positive AIE and individuals with antibody-positive SPS were identified from a neuroimmunology clinic and completed multiple validated self-rated questionnaires assessing recent psychiatric symptoms including suicidality, aggression, impulsivity, depression, and anxiety, in a cross-sectional study design. A comparison group of individuals who see a general neurologist for any reason other than AIE or SPS also completed the same questionnaires. Mean questionnaire scores were compared between groups using Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallace H-tests, given the data was not normally distributed. Prevalence of suicidal thoughts were calculated within each group.",
        "Results": "Five participants with AIE (four with NMDAR antibodies and one with IGLON5 antibodies; mean age 40, 80% women) and two participants with SPS (both with GAD65 antibodies; mean age 41, 100% women) have completed this ongoing study. Four participants who see a general neurologist for other reasons have completed the study (mean age 52, 75% women). In our current sample, there is no statistically significant difference between groups in mean questionnaire scores. No participants in the AIE group or general neurology group were suicidal around the time of study participation. One of two participants in the SPS group was suicidal at the time of study participation.",
        "Conclusions": "This ongoing study will continue to investigate psychiatric symptoms in people with AIE or SPS. Characterizing psychiatric symptoms in these populations may result in increased awareness of these symptoms, better management and improved health-related quality of life. These preliminary results are limited by small sample sizes.",
        "Disclosures": "Adam Dinoff, MD: Dr. Dinoff has nothing to disclose.\nKathy L. Niu, MD: Dr. Niu has nothing to disclose.\nKyle M. Blackburn, MD: Dr. Blackburn has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This ongoing study will continue to investigate psychiatric symptoms in people with AIE or SPS. Characterizing psychiatric symptoms in these populations may result in increased awareness of these symptoms, better management and improved health-related quality of life. These preliminary results are limited by small sample sizes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65327",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65327",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65328",
      "source_id": "65328",
      "abstract_number": "1-053",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-053",
      "title": "Comparing the Efficacy of First-line Immunotherapies in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Scoping Review",
      "authors": "Rushil Pithia; John M. Thomas; Thomas C. Varkey, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rushil Pithia",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rushil Pithia",
          "normalized_name": "Rushil Pithia",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Pithia has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "John M. Thomas",
          "normalized_name": "John M. Thomas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Thomas has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas C. Varkey, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas C. Varkey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Banner University Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Varkey has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rushil Pithia",
        "John M. Thomas",
        "Thomas C. Varkey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Banner University Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Banner University Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rushil Pithia; John M. Thomas; Thomas C. Varkey, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Banner University Medical Center",
        "Objective": "This scoping review aims to explore research comparing the efficacy of steroids, IVIG, and PLEX immunotherapies for autoimmune encephalitis (AE) to determine which treatment(s) lead to better clinical outcomes.",
        "Background": "Autoimmune encephalitis is a neurological disease treated with several different immunotherapies, including steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and plasma exchange (PLEX). Steroids are often first-line, but it is unclear whether certain immunotherapies are more clinically efficacious.",
        "Design/Methods": "A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases from inception to July 1, 2025 was used to identify papers using the following search terms: “autoimmune encephalitis,” “IVIG or intravenous immunoglobulin,” “PLEX or plasma exchange,” and “corticosteroids.”",
        "Results": "We identified 4 publications that fell within our search criteria. 3 of the 4 papers were retrospective studies. The remaining paper was a prospective cohort study. 2 papers examined clinical outcomes in children, and all 4 papers assessed clinical outcomes in the adult population. Half of the studies concluded that PLEX led to clinical improvement and improvement in mRS scores. 1 paper indicated that patients with anti-NMDA AE who received intravenous steroids and PLEX had a significantly greater response rate than patients with anti-LG1/CASPR2 AE. Another paper showed that ? (80%) patients who received steroids and IVIG experienced mRS improvement at discharge compared to 2/4 (50%) patients who received steroids alone.",
        "Conclusions": "There is limited data separately evaluating first-line immunotherapies to assess whether steroids, PLEX, or IVIG are clinically superior. Thus, exploring which immunotherapy correlates most strongly with improved clinical outcomes through additional prospective studies and randomized clinical trials would be beneficial. Additionally, further data on which combinations or cycling of therapies (ie, the “zipper method”) are most clinically efficacious, depending on patient presentation, demographics, and pathogenic mechanism would be crucial in developing more comprehensive treatment protocols.",
        "Disclosures": "Rushil Pithia: Mr. Pithia has nothing to disclose.\nJohn M. Thomas: Mr. Thomas has nothing to disclose.\nThomas C. Varkey, MD: Dr. Varkey has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "There is limited data separately evaluating first-line immunotherapies to assess whether steroids, PLEX, or IVIG are clinically superior. Thus, exploring which immunotherapy correlates most strongly with improved clinical outcomes through additional prospective studies and randomized clinical trials would be beneficial.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65328",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65328",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65329",
      "source_id": "65329",
      "abstract_number": "1-054",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-054",
      "title": "Paraneoplastic Encephalitis Presenting with Focal Status Epilepticus Associated with Thymoma and CSF CRMP-5 IgG: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Mohammad Munim Zahoor, MD; Muhammad Moiz Javed, MD; Nabeeha Noor, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mohammad Munim Zahoor, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mohammad Munim Zahoor, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammad Munim Zahoor",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Zahoor has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Muhammad Moiz Javed, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Muhammad Moiz Javed",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Javed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nabeeha Noor, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nabeeha Noor",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Noor has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mohammad Munim Zahoor",
        "Muhammad Moiz Javed",
        "Nabeeha Noor"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mohammad Munim Zahoor, MD; Muhammad Moiz Javed, MD; Nabeeha Noor, MD",
        "Objective": "To understand the importance of considering thymoma-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis in adults with new-onset focal status epilepticus.",
        "Background": "Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are immune-mediated disorders triggered by malignancy. Thymoma is a recognized cause of central nervous system autoimmunity, with reported associations to both cell-surface antibodies (e.g., LGI1/CASPR2) that often respond to first-line immunotherapy and intracellular/onconeural antibodies (e.g., CRMP-5/CV2) that are typically T-cell-mediated and carry different prognostic and treatment implications.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 72-year-old woman presented with focal status epilepticus (left face/arm/leg jerking) and expressive aphasia. MRI demonstrated progressive, bilateral cortical/subcortical T2/FLAIR abnormalities confined to the supratentorial brain. EEG showed frequent left temporal LPDs . CSF revealed CRMP-5 IgG (1:128) with otherwise unremarkable routine parameters; CSF infectious PCR incidentally detected Epicoccum nigrum . Mediastinal imaging disclosed a partially calcified anterior mediastinal mass favoring thymoma . Brain biopsy showed reactive astrogliosis/microgliosis , perivascular T-lymphocytes , and neuronal loss , supporting autoimmune/paraneoplastic encephalitis. The patient received high-dose IV methylprednisolone and IVIG; antiseizure therapy controlled ictal activity. She remains hospitalized pending surgical resection and antibody confirmation (serum LGI1 pending).",
        "Results": "In adults with new-onset focal status epilepticus and a mediastinal mass, thymoma-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis should be considered; paired CSF/serum paraneoplastic panels (including CRMP-5) should be obtained. For intracellular/onconeural antibodies (e.g., CRMP-5), tumor resection is often the pivotal therapy; immunotherapy responses may be partial/delayed. Thymoma-associated encephalitis can show multifocal supratentorial cortical/subcortical MRI lesions beyond the limbic system (consider TAPE pattern). Metagenomic CSF positives for environmental molds (e.g., Epicoccum) require clinical correlation to avoid overtreatment.",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores the importance of considering thymoma-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis in adults with new-onset focal status epilepticus and progressive cortical/subcortical MRI lesions and highlights the diagnostic value of paired testing. Early recognition, prompt immunotherapy, and timely thymectomy are central to optimizing outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Mohammad Munim Zahoor, MD: Mr. Zahoor has nothing to disclose.\nMuhammad Moiz Javed, MD: Dr. Javed has nothing to disclose.\nNabeeha Noor, MD: Ms. Noor has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores the importance of considering thymoma-associated paraneoplastic encephalitis in adults with new-onset focal status epilepticus and progressive cortical/subcortical MRI lesions and highlights the diagnostic value of paired testing. Early recognition, prompt immunotherapy, and timely thymectomy are central to optimizing outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65329",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65329",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 299
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65330",
      "source_id": "65330",
      "abstract_number": "1-055",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-055",
      "title": "Anti-GQ1b-antibody Syndrome Masquerading as Wernicke Encephalopathy: A Diagnostic Challenge",
      "authors": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Tracey A. Milligan, MD, FAAN; Carolin Dohle, MD; Alec Friedman, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Aiswarya Raj",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Westchester Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Tracey A. Milligan, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Tracey A. Milligan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Milligan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Carolin Dohle, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Carolin Dohle",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion TPharmaceuticals. Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Alec Friedman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Alec Friedman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Columbia University Irving Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Friedman has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aiswarya Raj",
        "Tracey A. Milligan",
        "Carolin Dohle",
        "Alec Friedman"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "Columbia University Irving Medical Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Westchester Medical Center",
        "Columbia University Irving Medical Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS; Tracey A. Milligan, MD, FAAN; Carolin Dohle, MD; Alec Friedman, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Westchester Medical Center\nColumbia University Irving Medical Center",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) and Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) share overlapping features, including encephalopathy, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. However, their MRI patterns differ: WE typically affects the medial thalami, mammillary bodies, and periaqueductal gray, while BBE usually shows normal MRI or, when abnormal, affects the brainstem, cerebellum, or thalamus. We report a rare case of Anti-GQ1b-Antibody syndrome with imaging features initially suggestive of WE, highlighting diagnostic pitfalls.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case: A 44-year-old man with hypertension, polysubstance use disorder (including alcohol, currently in remission on buprenorphine) presented with 1-2 weeks of progressive cognitive decline, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. The patient had experienced unintentional weight loss and poor appetite for several months prior to presentation, of unclear etiology, initially suggesting thiamine deficiency. Laboratory evaluation revealed low vitamin B12 and folate, and high-dose thiamine was initiated before confirmatory serum thiamine levels. Brain MRI showed symmetric T2/FLAIR hyperintensities in bilateral medial thalami and mammillary bodies, initially favoring WE. Neurologic examination was notable for disorganized and tangential speech, ophthalmoplegia with gaze restriction and nystagmus, dysmetria, and hyperreflexia. Of note, vivid well-formed visual hallucinations of snakes in his room (consistent with peduncular hallucinosis) were reported throughout his hospital stay. Despite thiamine repletion, deficits persisted. Conflicting clinical features-including alcohol abstinence for years with normal phosphatidylethanol levels, a biomarker indicating recent alcohol consumption-prompted consideration of alternative etiologies. Repeat MRI showed ongoing signal abnormalities involving the tectum, hypothalamus, and periaqueductal gray matter with interval development of right tectal enhancement. CSF demonstrated albuminocytologic dissociation (protein 95 mg/dL, 1 WBC). Serum anti-GQ1b antibody was positive at 1:400 by EIA (enzyme immunoassay). Intravenous immunoglobulin 2g/kg was initiated with early clinical improvement.",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores that BBE can rarely mimic WE on imaging, despite distinct patterns. Persistent deficits despite thiamine repletion should prompt consideration of BBE, with early recognition critical for initiating immunotherapy and improving outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Aiswarya Raj, MBBS: Dr. Raj has nothing to disclose.\nTracey A. Milligan, MD, FAAN: Dr. Milligan has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nCarolin Dohle, MD: Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion TPharmaceuticals. Dr. Dohle has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics.\nAlec Friedman, MD: Dr. Friedman has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores that BBE can rarely mimic WE on imaging, despite distinct patterns. Persistent deficits despite thiamine repletion should prompt consideration of BBE, with early recognition critical for initiating immunotherapy and improving outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65330",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65330",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65331",
      "source_id": "65331",
      "abstract_number": "1-056",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-056",
      "title": "Seronegative Autoimmune Basal Ganglia Encephalitis Presenting with Oculogyric Dystonia and Parkinsonism in a Pediatric Patient",
      "authors": "Alexis Navarro; Jonathan Yarimi, MD; Monica S. Arroyo, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Alexis Navarro",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alexis Navarro",
          "normalized_name": "Alexis Navarro",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Navarro has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Yarimi, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Yarimi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Memorial Healthcare",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yarimi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Monica S. Arroyo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Monica S. Arroyo",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Joe Di Maggio Children's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arroyo has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alexis Navarro",
        "Jonathan Yarimi",
        "Monica S. Arroyo"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Memorial Healthcare",
        "Joe Di Maggio Children's Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Memorial Healthcare",
        "Joe Di Maggio Children's Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alexis Navarro; Jonathan Yarimi, MD; Monica S. Arroyo, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Memorial Healthcare\nJoe Di Maggio Children's Hospital",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Basal ganglia encephalitis represents a rare subset of autoimmune encephalitis that frequently presents with movement disorders, including dystonia and parkinsonism, and antibodies that target dopamine-2 receptors (D2R). Pediatric cases require a high index of suspicion, particularly when neuroimaging is normal or antibody testing is unavailable. While identifying anti-D2R antibodies is standard, many pediatric patients meet clinical diagnostic criteria despite a normal MRI or the absence of identifiable antibodies.",
        "Design/Methods": "A 9-year-old girl with a history of autoimmune pancreatitis presented with new-onset neurological symptoms, including encephalopathy, right-sided hemiplegia, oculogyric dystonia, and parkinsonism (masked facies, rigidity, and hypophonia). A 16-hour video EEG was abnormal with an asymmetric and disorganized background. Brain MRI was unremarkable and pelvic ultrasound was normal. Serum infectious and inflammatory testing was unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis and elevated protein with negative culture and meningitis/encephalitis panel. Pediatric autoimmune encephalopathy serum and CSF (serum and CSF Mayo) were negative but the anti-D2R antibody was not included on the panel, as it was not available from conventional laboratories. The autoinflammatory and autoimmunity syndromes genetic panel (Invitae) was unremarkable. The CSF and clinical presentation were suggestive of autoimmune basal ganglia encephalitis. The patient was treated with simultaneous pulse steroids and alternating days of PLEX and IVIG. Following this treatment, she made a complete recovery.",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric patients presenting with movement disorders and encephalopathy, even in the setting of normal neuroimaging and absent antibody confirmation. In this case, clinical presentation, EEG and CSF were suggestive of autoimmune basal ganglia encephalitis. Early recognition and prompt immunotherapy support favorable outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Alexis Navarro: Miss Navarro has nothing to disclose.\nJonathan Yarimi, MD: Dr. Yarimi has nothing to disclose.\nMonica S. Arroyo, MD: Dr. Arroyo has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric patients presenting with movement disorders and encephalopathy, even in the setting of normal neuroimaging and absent antibody confirmation. In this case, clinical presentation, EEG and CSF were suggestive of autoimmune basal ganglia encephalitis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65331",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65331",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 273
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65332",
      "source_id": "65332",
      "abstract_number": "1-057",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-057",
      "title": "Post-infectious (HSVE) Autoimmune Encephalitis with Psychiatric Prominence: A Diagnostic Challenge",
      "authors": "Aayush R. Kapoor, Medical Student (MBBS); Devanshu Raval",
      "presenting_author": "Aayush R. Kapoor, Medical Student (MBBS)",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Aayush R. Kapoor, Medical Student (MBBS)",
          "normalized_name": "Aayush R. Kapoor",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Kapoor has received research support from Indian Council of Medical Research."
        },
        {
          "name": "Devanshu Raval",
          "normalized_name": "Devanshu Raval",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Raval has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Aayush R. Kapoor",
        "Devanshu Raval"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Aayush R. Kapoor, Medical Student (MBBS); Devanshu Raval",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Autoimmune-encephalitis is a condition that often presents with predominant psychiatric symptoms, causing delays in appropriate management, making early diagnosis crucial, as it is treatable. It’s an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, characterised by the immune system attacking neural tissue. It presents with psychiatric symptoms, ranging from anxiety and mood disturbances to frank psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions, and catatonia, rapidly progressing over weeks to months. Post herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) development of anti-NMDAR antibodies leading to autoimmune-encephalitis is a rare complication. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis typically develops within 1-4 weeks following HSVE. In children, it commonly presents with movement disorders such as choreoathetosis and orofacial dyskinesias, whereas in adults, psychiatric manifestations are more prominent.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "We report a case of a 35-year-old female with no psychiatric or significant medical history, who initially presented with acute febrile-illness and altered consciousness, suggestive of a CNS infection. Following recovery she developed psychiatric symptoms over two months, including depression, anxiety, delusions, and cognitive decline. This led to a diagnosis of MDD with psychotic features, and was subsequently treated with antidepressants and anti-psychotics. Despite treatment her condition deteriorated and she experienced a decline in cognitive function, pointing towards an underlying etiology. Further evaluation revealed temporal lobe epileptiform activity on EEG and MRI findings suggesting encephalitis, with serological evidence. Persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms even after the management of viral encephalitis and imaging findings raised suspicion of autoimmune-encephalitis with psychiatric manifestations and subclinical epilepsy. The patient showed significant improvement following immunotherapy with high-dose corticosteroids, intravenous-immunoglobulin, immunonodulators and neuroprotective agents.",
        "Conclusions": "The case highlights the importance of considering a differential of autoimmune-encephalitis in patients presenting with atypical, progressive psychiatric symptoms, especially associated with cognitive deficits and poor response to conventional therapy, following infectious episodes like HSV-1 encephalitis. Early recognition can significantly improve outcomes and prevent long-term morbidity.",
        "Disclosures": "Aayush R. Kapoor, Medical Student (MBBS): Mr. Kapoor has received research support from Indian Council of Medical Research.\nDevanshu Raval: Mr. Raval has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The case highlights the importance of considering a differential of autoimmune-encephalitis in patients presenting with atypical, progressive psychiatric symptoms, especially associated with cognitive deficits and poor response to conventional therapy, following infectious episodes like HSV-1 encephalitis. Early recognition can significantly improve outcomes and prevent long-term morbidity.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65332",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65332",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65333",
      "source_id": "65333",
      "abstract_number": "1-058",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-058",
      "title": "Neurosyphilis Mimicking Neurodegenerative and Autoimmune Cognitive Decline: Overcoming Anchoring Bias in a 77-year-old Male",
      "authors": "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi, Medical Student",
      "presenting_author": "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi, Medical Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Thangathiruppathi has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi, Medical Student",
        "Objective": "To highlight neurosyphilis as a reversible mimic of neurodegenerative and autoimmune cognitive disorders and emphasize the importance of diagnostic vigilance in patients with atypical disease progression.",
        "Background": "Neurosyphilis is an uncommon but treatable cause of cognitive and behavioral decline that can resemble neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. In patients with established dementia, acute or subacute deterioration is frequently attributed to expected disease progression, increasing the risk of diagnostic anchoring, delayed recognition of reversible etiologies, and exposure to inappropriate or delayed therapies.",
        "Design/Methods": "Not applicable",
        "Results": "A 77-year-old male with Alzheimer’s dementia, PTSD, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with acute neuropsychiatric deterioration, including paranoia, impulsivity, wandering, irritability, and aggression, culminating in misidentification of a family member as an intruder. Examination revealed preserved long-term memory with impaired short-term recall, limited insight, gait ataxia, and a broad-based stance-features atypical for Alzheimer’s disease progression and concerning for alternative etiologies, including infectious and neuroinflammatory processes. Serum rapid plasma reagin was reactive. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis demonstrated elevated protein and pleocytosis with normal glucose; CSF-VDRL was non-reactive, highlighting known limitations in sensitivity. Despite this, the constellation of clinical findings and serologic evidence supported a diagnosis of late neurosyphilis. The patient was treated with a 14-day course of intravenous penicillin G, resulting in improvement in agitation and behavioral symptoms, though baseline cognitive deficits persisted.",
        "Conclusions": "Neurosyphilis remains an important reversible differential diagnosis in patients with atypical cognitive decline and can closely mimic both neurodegenerative and autoimmune conditions. This case underscores the limitations of relying on a single diagnostic modality and highlights the need to avoid anchoring bias. Early recognition is essential to prevent misdiagnosis, inappropriate immunotherapy, and unnecessary morbidity, while optimizing patient outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Nithya S. Thangathiruppathi, Medical Student: Ms. Thangathiruppathi has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Neurosyphilis remains an important reversible differential diagnosis in patients with atypical cognitive decline and can closely mimic both neurodegenerative and autoimmune conditions. This case underscores the limitations of relying on a single diagnostic modality and highlights the need to avoid anchoring bias.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65333",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65333",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 271
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65334",
      "source_id": "65334",
      "abstract_number": "1-059",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-059",
      "title": "LGI1 Encephalitis: A Case Series Discussing Diverse Presentation and Treatment Responses",
      "authors": "Jessica V. Amos, MD; Bhrugav G. Raval, MD; Claire E. Delpirou Nouh, MD; Nidhiben A. Anadani, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Jessica V. Amos, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jessica V. Amos, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jessica V. Amos",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Amos has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bhrugav G. Raval, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bhrugav G. Raval",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Raval has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Claire E. Delpirou Nouh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Claire E. Delpirou Nouh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Department of Neurology",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Delpirou Nouh has received research support from Oklahomas Nathan Shock Center. Dr. Delpirou Nouh has a non-compensated relationship as a Volunteer/Board member with Oklahoma Alzheimer Association that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nidhiben A. Anadani, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nidhiben A. Anadani",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Anadani has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jessica V. Amos",
        "Bhrugav G. Raval",
        "Claire E. Delpirou Nouh",
        "Nidhiben A. Anadani"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center",
        "University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Department of Neurology",
        "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center",
        "University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Department of Neurology",
        "University Of Oklahoma Health Science Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jessica V. Amos, MD; Bhrugav G. Raval, MD; Claire E. Delpirou Nouh, MD; Nidhiben A. Anadani, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center\nUniversity of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Department of Neurology\nUniversity Of Oklahoma Health Science Center",
        "Objective": "Describe various clinical presentations of individuals with LGI1 AB encephalitis and discuss their diverse clinical response to standard of care treatment.",
        "Background": "LGI1 antibody-mediated encephalitis is the second most common neuronal-antibody-associated encephalitis, typically affecting middle-aged to elderly adults with a male predominance. Core features include short-term memory loss, faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), other seizures, psychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbances, and hyponatremia. First-line treatment is IV methylprednisolone, which appears more effective acutely than IVIG alone for FBDS resolution and functional improvement. IVIG and plasma exchange are added for severe or refractory cases, with rituximab for relapse prevention. Approximately 80-94% achieve favorable outcomes with immunotherapy, with seizures responding early and cognition recovering more slowly. However, despite treatment, around seventy percent of patients retain residual deficits - particularly persistent short-term memory impairment and subtle cognitive, psychiatric, and sleep disturbances. Relapses occur in thirty five to fourth five percent of cases, sometimes years later. Presentation diversity is notable for cases that may mimic schizophrenia, dementia, or stroke, with atypical features that can delay diagnosis. Treatment response also varies by age, HLA status, and disease severity at nadir.",
        "Design/Methods": "Review of the literature and clinical course of the selected patients.",
        "Results": "Here we describe three individuals with LGI1 antibody-mediated encephalitis presenting as bilateral faciobrachial dystonic seizures with persistent hyponatremia, intractable epilepsy with sensory auras, and focal epilepsy with mild cognitive impairment. Treatment responses were complicated by delayed rituximab-responsive hyponatremia despite initial steroid efficacy, immunosuppression-related herpes zoster reactivation necessitating rituximab discontinuation, and IVIG hypersensitivity reactions requiring formulation change and bridging corticosteroids.",
        "Conclusions": "These cases highlight the heterogeneity of LGI1 encephalitis in both clinical presentation and treatment trajectory, encouraging providers to maintain LGI1 antibody-mediated encephalitis on the differential even in atypical or complex presentations, particularly in older adults with comorbidities where symptoms may be attributed to other etiologies.",
        "Disclosures": "Jessica V. Amos, MD: Mrs. Amos has nothing to disclose.\nBhrugav G. Raval, MD: Dr. Raval has nothing to disclose.\nClaire E. Delpirou Nouh, MD: The institution of Dr. Delpirou Nouh has received research support from Oklahomas Nathan Shock Center. Dr. Delpirou Nouh has a non-compensated relationship as a Volunteer/Board member with Oklahoma Alzheimer Association that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nNidhiben A. Anadani, MD: Dr. Anadani has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "These cases highlight the heterogeneity of LGI1 encephalitis in both clinical presentation and treatment trajectory, encouraging providers to maintain LGI1 antibody-mediated encephalitis on the differential even in atypical or complex presentations, particularly in older adults with comorbidities where symptoms may be attributed to other etiologies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65334",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65334",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 295
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65335",
      "source_id": "65335",
      "abstract_number": "1-060",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-060",
      "title": "ANNA-1-associated Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis in Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Frank A. Trujillo, MD; Cole M. Cimoch; Luis A. Compres Brugal, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Frank A. Trujillo, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Frank A. Trujillo, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Frank A. Trujillo",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Trujillo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Cole M. Cimoch",
          "normalized_name": "Cole M. Cimoch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Cimoch has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luis A. Compres Brugal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Luis A. Compres Brugal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Compres Brugal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Frank A. Trujillo",
        "Cole M. Cimoch",
        "Luis A. Compres Brugal"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Frank A. Trujillo, MD; Cole M. Cimoch; Luis A. Compres Brugal, MD",
        "Objective": "To report a rare case of anti-neuronal nuclear antibody type 1 (ANNA-1)-associated paraneoplastic autoimmune encephalitis in a patient with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma.",
        "Background": "ANNA-1 antibodies are classically associated with paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes, most often in small-cell lung carcinoma. Association with prostate adenocarcinoma is uncommon. These syndromes are typically linked to intracellular antigens and are often less responsive to immunotherapy than encephalitides mediated by neural surface antibodies. Despite prostate cancer being a prevalent malignancy among men, its association with ANNA-1 encephalitis is rare.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 73-year-old man developed a subacute progressive neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by cognitive decline, behavioral disinhibition, agitation, fluctuating encephalopathy, and complex visual hallucinations, leading to multiple hospitalizations. Brain MRI showed no acute or interval abnormalities, including no limbic T2 hyperintensities. Serial EEGs demonstrated diffuse theta slowing and triphasic waves without seizures. CSF showed mildly elevated protein, 8 unmatched oligoclonal bands, and elevated ANNA-1 titers (1:30,720). Malignancy evaluation identified biopsy-confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma with metastases to the spine and femur. Small-cell lung carcinoma was excluded. Initial treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone followed by intravenous immunoglobulin led to partial improvement, though relapsing neuropsychiatric symptoms required additional IVIG, after which mental status, mood, and agitation improved, although cognitive deficits persisted. Management also included cancer-directed therapy with radiation.",
        "Conclusions": "This case expands the clinical spectrum of ANNA-1-associated encephalitis in the setting of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. The absence of limbic MRI abnormalities and limited CSF inflammatory findings should not preclude consideration of this diagnosis in the appropriate clinical setting. The observed partial but clinically meaningful response to repeated immunotherapy is notable in an intracellular antigen-mediated paraneoplastic encephalitis, which is typically less treatment-responsive. This reinforces the need for early antibody testing and prompt malignancy evaluation in atypical subacute encephalopathy.",
        "Disclosures": "Frank A. Trujillo, MD: Dr. Trujillo has nothing to disclose.\nCole M. Cimoch: Mr. Cimoch has nothing to disclose.\nLuis A. Compres Brugal, MD: Dr. Compres Brugal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case expands the clinical spectrum of ANNA-1-associated encephalitis in the setting of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma. The absence of limbic MRI abnormalities and limited CSF inflammatory findings should not preclude consideration of this diagnosis in the appropriate clinical setting.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65335",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65335",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 284
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65336",
      "source_id": "65336",
      "abstract_number": "1-061",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-061",
      "title": "A Rare Convergence of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Anti-NMDA Receptor Antibodies in an Elderly Adult",
      "authors": "Sriya Parchuri; Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Sriya Parchuri",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sriya Parchuri",
          "normalized_name": "Sriya Parchuri",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Parchuri has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Rajesh K. Gupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "UTHealth",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sriya Parchuri",
        "Rajesh K. Gupta"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "UTHealth"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "UTHealth"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sriya Parchuri; Rajesh K. Gupta, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "UTHealth",
        "Objective": "This report highlights the case of a 79-year-old man with new onset seizures who developed loss of consciousness. CSF analysis showed the presence of both cryptococcus antigen and anti-NR1 antibodies, suggesting the possibility of cryptococcus meningitis vs. anti-NMDA encephalitis.",
        "Background": "The patient is a 79-year-old male with a past medical history of diabetes, hypertension, and A-fib who presented with generalized status epilepticus. His family reported subacute onset functional and cognitive decline that started a few months before this presentation. He continued to decline, to the point where he was unable to do his ADLs, as well as having some fine tremors in upper extremities intermittently. Prior to the hospitalization, the patient had multiple witnessed generalized seizure activity. He underwent imaging at an outside facility which was reportedly unremarkable and was intubated and sedated prior to arrival at our hospital. The patient was weaned off sedation but remained obtunded for several days while on mechanical ventilation. cEEG during admission showed diffuse encephalopathy and highly epileptogenic focus in the right posterior head. Labs showed the presence of cryptococcus antigen in the CSF. He was given IV amphotericin and IV flucytosine for a total of 14 days during the admission for cryptococcus meningitis induction therapy. His mental status recovery was poor despite this treatment, and he was arousable but mostly somnolent on discharge. Paraneoplastic autoantibody evaluation was later positive for anti-NR1 antibodies, although immunotherapy was not initiated given lack of clearance from infectious disease. 5 months later, he was rehospitalized due to severe cognitive impairment and poor neurological recovery despite maintenance treatment for cryptococcus meningitis.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "This case demonstrates a possible coexistence of cryptococcus meningitis and anti NMDA encephalitis. Anti-NR1 antibodies could also be secondary to CNS infection, and it raises the question whether cryptococcus infection can induce development of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies.",
        "Disclosures": "Sriya Parchuri: Ms. Parchuri has nothing to disclose.\nRajesh K. Gupta, MBBS: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case demonstrates a possible coexistence of cryptococcus meningitis and anti NMDA encephalitis. Anti-NR1 antibodies could also be secondary to CNS infection, and it raises the question whether cryptococcus infection can induce development of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65336",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65336",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65337",
      "source_id": "65337",
      "abstract_number": "1-062",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-062",
      "title": "X-linked Lymphoproliferative Disease Presenting with Refractory Seizures and Encephalopathy in a 5-year-old Boy: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Sriram has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe an atypical neurological presentation of X linked Lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) in a 5-year-old boy who presented with refractory seizures, encephalopathy, and cerebral edema, with diagnosis confirmed by postmortem genetic analysis.",
        "Background": "XLP is a rare primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the SH2D1A gene, which encodes SLAM-associated protein (SAP), critical for immune regulation. XLP primarily affects males and predisposes to severe immune dysregulation, particularly following Epstein-Barr virus infection. While XLP typically manifests as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, lymphoma, or severe infectious mononucleosis, neurological involvement is less commonly recognized and may pose significant diagnostic challenges.",
        "Design/Methods": "This is a single-patient case report with postmortem neuropathological and genetic analysis.",
        "Results": "A 5-year-old boy presented with a one-month history of high-grade fever, headache, and vomiting, followed by refractory generalized and focal seizures progressing to status epilepticus and altered sensorium. On admission, neurological examination revealed a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6, bilateral extensor posturing, non-reactive pupils, and left hemiparesis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, normal glucose, and low adenosine deaminase, effectively excluding tuberculous meningitis. Brain MRI demonstrated multiple T2-FLAIR hyperintensities diffusely involving bilateral cortical regions with contrast enhancement, significant right-sided edema, and midline shift. Despite management, the patient succumbed 12 hours after admission. Postmortem neuropathological examination revealed histiocytic and lymphocytic infiltration without identifiable organisms. Genetic testing on brain biopsy tissue identified a pathogenic SH2D1A mutation, confirming XLP.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights a rare and fatal neurological presentation of XLP characterized by refractory seizures, encephalopathy, and diffuse cerebral edema. The postmortem diagnosis underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for primary immunodeficiencies in children with unexplained encephalopathy and refractory seizures. Early incorporation of genetic testing in the diagnostic workup may facilitate timely diagnosis and potentially life-saving interventions such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.",
        "Disclosures": "Rama Lakshmi Neeharika Sriram, MD: Dr. Sriram has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights a rare and fatal neurological presentation of XLP characterized by refractory seizures, encephalopathy, and diffuse cerebral edema. The postmortem diagnosis underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for primary immunodeficiencies in children with unexplained encephalopathy and refractory seizures.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65337",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65337",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 291
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65338",
      "source_id": "65338",
      "abstract_number": "1-063",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-063",
      "title": "Principles of Care for CIDP",
      "authors": "Richard Sperry; Jean-Philippe PLANCON, Patient representative; Luis Querol, MD, PhD; Nancy I. Di Salvo, Patient Advocate; Lis Puga, PhD; Nirohshah Trialonis-Suthakharan, MSc",
      "presenting_author": "Richard Sperry",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Richard Sperry",
          "normalized_name": "Richard Sperry",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of GBS CIDP Foundation International. Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Survey Respondent with Rare Patient Voice."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jean-Philippe PLANCON, Patient representative",
          "normalized_name": "Jean-Philippe PLANCON, Patient representative",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. PLANCON has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Luis Querol, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Luis Querol",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avilar. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biocryst. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KPL. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lycia. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from GBS-CIDP Foundation International. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ISCIII. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from CIBERER. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ArgenX."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nancy I. Di Salvo, Patient Advocate",
          "normalized_name": "Nancy I. Di Salvo, Patient Advocate",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Di Salvo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lis Puga, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Lis Puga",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Puga has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Patvocates. The institution of Dr. Puga has received research support from GBS CIDP Foundation International."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nirohshah Trialonis-Suthakharan, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Nirohshah Trialonis-Suthakharan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Trialonis-Suthakharan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Patvocates. The institution of Mrs. Trialonis-Suthakharan has received research support from GBS CIDP Foundation International."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Richard Sperry",
        "Jean-Philippe PLANCON, Patient representative",
        "Luis Querol",
        "Nancy I. Di Salvo, Patient Advocate",
        "Lis Puga",
        "Nirohshah Trialonis-Suthakharan"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Richard Sperry; Jean-Philippe PLANCON, Patient representative; Luis Querol, MD, PhD; Nancy I. Di Salvo, Patient Advocate; Lis Puga, PhD; Nirohshah Trialonis-Suthakharan, MSc",
        "Affiliations": "Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau",
        "Objective": "To identify and characterize unmet needs and system-level gaps in the CIDP (Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy) care pathway across Europe, and to inform the development of patient-centered Principles of Care through structured collaboration between patient advocates, caregivers, and healthcare professionals.",
        "Background": "Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare immune-mediated neuropathy characterized by diagnostic delays, treatment variability, and unequal access to multidisciplinary care across Europe. The Principles of Care (PoC) initiative, led by the GBS | CIDP Foundation International and EPODIN with support from Patvocates, is a 4-year long project, that aims to co-develop a patient-centered European framework to guide advocacy, clinical practice, and policy.",
        "Design/Methods": "By employing a mixed inductive-deductive qualitative design, as part of the Phase 1 of this project, two structured face-to-face workshops were conducted separately with patient advocates and caregivers (n=17) and healthcare professionals (n=16). Discussions were organized around the patient pathway (pre-diagnosis, diagnosis, treatment, supportive care/quality of life) and informed by the COM-B model, Patient Pathway Mapping, and Patient Experience Domains. Data were analyzed using a framework analysis approach supported by AI-assisted qualitative software.",
        "Results": "Participants identified recurrent unmet needs across Europe, including: prolonged diagnostic delays and misdiagnosis; inequitable access to neuromuscular specialists; inconsistent treatment monitoring; limited psychosocial and rehabilitation integration; and insufficient shared decision-making. Visual pathway mapping revealed system-level breakpoints, particularly at referral transitions and long-term follow-up. Despite national variability, convergence emerged on core priorities for timely diagnosis, coordinated multidisciplinary care, structured monitoring, and quality-of-life assessment.",
        "Conclusions": "This study demonstrates the feasibility and adds value of co-developing rare disease care standards through structured patient-clinician collaboration across Europe and be replicated in other regions of the world.",
        "Disclosures": "Richard Sperry: Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of GBS CIDP Foundation International. Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus Therapeutics. The institution of Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for argenx. Mr. Sperry has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Survey Respondent with Rare Patient Voice.\nJean-Philippe PLANCON, Patient representative: Mr. PLANCON has nothing to disclose.\nLuis Querol, MD, PhD: Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Avilar. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biocryst. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lundbeck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for KPL. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Lycia. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Roche. The institution of Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for ArgenX. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Roche. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Querol has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from GBS-CIDP Foundation International. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from Grifols. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ISCIII. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from CIBERER. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Querol has received research support from ArgenX.\nNancy I. Di Salvo, Patient Advocate: Miss Di Salvo has nothing to disclose.\nLis Puga, PhD: Dr. Puga has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Patvocates. The institution of Dr. Puga has received research support from GBS CIDP Foundation International.\nNirohshah Trialonis-Suthakharan, MSc: Mrs. Trialonis-Suthakharan has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Patvocates. The institution of Mrs. Trialonis-Suthakharan has received research support from GBS CIDP Foundation International."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This study demonstrates the feasibility and adds value of co-developing rare disease care standards through structured patient-clinician collaboration across Europe and be replicated in other regions of the world.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65338",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65338",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 270
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65339",
      "source_id": "65339",
      "abstract_number": "1-064",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-064",
      "title": "Demographic Disparities and Temporal Trends in Premature Neurologic Mortality in the United States from 2018-2024",
      "authors": "Mashoor Al Ahammed; MIna Afsheen; Hiba Zainab, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Mashoor Al Ahammed",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mashoor Al Ahammed",
          "normalized_name": "Mashoor Al Ahammed",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Ahammed has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "MIna Afsheen",
          "normalized_name": "MIna Afsheen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Afsheen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hiba Zainab, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Hiba Zainab",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Zainab has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mashoor Al Ahammed",
        "MIna Afsheen",
        "Hiba Zainab"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mashoor Al Ahammed; MIna Afsheen; Hiba Zainab, MD",
        "Objective": "The objective of this study is to quantify disparities by race, sex, and geographic region for mortality rates from neurologic disease among U.S adults aged 25-54 from 2018 - 2024.",
        "Background": "Neurologic diseases are major cause of premature mortality, with growing concerns for an increasing burden among young and working age adults. Prior studies have suggested significant disparities in neurologic outcomes across race, sex, and geographic regions in the United States. However, contemporary population level take data evaluating the trends in premature neurologic mortalities and the extent of these disparities are limited.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a retrospective observational study using the CDC WONDER Multiple cause of death database. Mortality data for neurologic diseases (ICD-10 codes G00-G99) among individuals aged 25 to 54 years were analyzed from 2018 to 2024. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated. Analysis was stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic regions. The temporal trends were assessed across the study, and the relative differences between these groups were compared.",
        "Results": "A total of 56, 558 premature neurologic deaths from ages 25 to 54 were identified in the United States between 2018 and 2024. The overall age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) demonstrate an increasing trend over the study period. Mortality rates are consistently higher among males compared to females. By race/ethnicity non-Hispanic black individuals exhibited the highest mortality rates with the persistent disparity which compared to non-Hispanic white individuals. Mortality rates also varied by geographic region with the Southern United States demonstrating the highest burden, followed by Midwest, then West, and the Northeast.",
        "Conclusions": "The premature neurologic mortality remains substantial in the United States with it with significant sex, race, and geographic disparities in the United States. These findings highlight need for targeted prevention strategies and improved access to neurologic care.",
        "Disclosures": "Mashoor Al Ahammed: Mr. Ahammed has nothing to disclose.\nMIna Afsheen: Ms. Afsheen has nothing to disclose.\nHiba Zainab, MD: Mrs. Zainab has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The premature neurologic mortality remains substantial in the United States with it with significant sex, race, and geographic disparities in the United States. These findings highlight need for targeted prevention strategies and improved access to neurologic care.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65339",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65339",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 293
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65340",
      "source_id": "65340",
      "abstract_number": "1-065",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-065",
      "title": "From Fragmentation to Standardization: Developing an Outpatient Autoimmune Neurology Clinic",
      "authors": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD; Haroon Z. Ahmad, MD; Lily Pham, MD; David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarah E. Fredrich",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland Baltimore",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fredrich has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Haroon Z. Ahmad, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Haroon Z. Ahmad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland, Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Lily Pham, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lily Pham",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pham has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "David R. Benavides",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Maryland School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Benavides has received research support from F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sarah E. Fredrich",
        "Haroon Z. Ahmad",
        "Lily Pham",
        "David R. Benavides"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Maryland Baltimore",
        "University of Maryland, Neurology",
        "University of Maryland",
        "University of Maryland School of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Maryland Baltimore",
        "University of Maryland, Neurology",
        "University of Maryland",
        "University of Maryland School of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD; Haroon Z. Ahmad, MD; Lily Pham, MD; David R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "University of Maryland Baltimore\nUniversity of Maryland, Neurology\nUniversity of Maryland\nUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To describe the development of a rapid-access outpatient autoimmune neurology clinic using scalable workflows and clinical scoring tools, and to evaluate its impact on timeliness, diagnostic accuracy, and standardization of care for suspected autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS).",
        "Background": "Care for patients with suspected AE and PNS is often fragmented, leading to delayed diagnosis, unnecessary testing, and inconsistent use of validated diagnostic frameworks. Dedicated subspecialty clinics may improve efficiency and diagnostic accuracy, but practical models and implementation strategies remain underreported.",
        "Design/Methods": "We established a rapid-access outpatient autoimmune neurology clinic using structured referral triage, templated documentation, and coordinated diagnostic pathways. Standardization included systematic application of APE2 and PNS-CAREs scores to guide diagnostic testing and antibody interpretation. We retrospectively analyzed 50 consecutive patients, evaluating the time to evaluation, time to diagnostic studies (MRI, EEG, lumbar puncture, malignancy screening) using clinic workflows versus pre-referral timelines, antibody panel utilization, and concordance between referral and final diagnoses.",
        "Results": "Fifty patients were evaluated following screening of 77 referrals. The mean time to first appointment was 17 days. Most patients had extensive prior workup, including neuroimaging and antibody testing. The clinic model enabled systematic reinterpretation of prior results and reduced time to key diagnostic studies including MRI Brain, EEG, and lumbar puncture. Twenty-two percent of serum and 25% of CSF antibody panels required repeat testing for gold-standard assessment. The application of APE2 and PNS-CAREs scores improved diagnostic stratification and reduced unnecessary testing. Referral diagnoses were frequently revised following standardized evaluation, highlighting variability in pre-referral diagnostic accuracy.",
        "Conclusions": "A structured autoimmune neurology clinic model enables standardized, high-value evaluation of suspected AE and PNS. Integration of clinical scoring systems, centralized data review, and coordinated diagnostic workflows improved consistency in antibody testing and diagnostic decision-making. This model provides a scalable framework for other centers seeking to develop subspecialty autoimmune neurology programs.",
        "Disclosures": "Sarah E. Fredrich, MD: Dr. Fredrich has nothing to disclose.\nHaroon Z. Ahmad, MD: Dr. Ahmad has nothing to disclose.\nLily Pham, MD: Dr. Pham has nothing to disclose.\nDavid R. Benavides, MD, PhD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Benavides has received research support from F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "A structured autoimmune neurology clinic model enables standardized, high-value evaluation of suspected AE and PNS. Integration of clinical scoring systems, centralized data review, and coordinated diagnostic workflows improved consistency in antibody testing and diagnostic decision-making. This model provides a scalable framework for other centers seeking to develop subspecialty autoimmune neurology programs.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65340",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65340",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65341",
      "source_id": "65341",
      "abstract_number": "1-067",
      "citation_label": "P1 / 1-067",
      "title": "Bridging the Gap: Barriers and Facilitators to Systematic Depression Screening in Multiple Sclerosis Neurology Care",
      "authors": "Jessica Benson; Adnan Ismail; Johanna L. Rosenthal, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Jessica Benson",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Jessica Benson",
          "normalized_name": "Jessica Benson",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Benson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Adnan Ismail",
          "normalized_name": "Adnan Ismail",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Ismail has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Johanna L. Rosenthal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Johanna L. Rosenthal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Johanna Rosenthal MD Inc",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rosenthal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Rosenthal with California Neurology Society. Dr. Rosenthal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Board of Directors Legislative Chairman4 with California Neurology Society. Dr. Rosenthal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Board of Directors, Legislative Chair202 with California Neurology Society."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Jessica Benson",
        "Adnan Ismail",
        "Johanna L. Rosenthal"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Johanna Rosenthal MD Inc"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Johanna Rosenthal MD Inc"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Jessica Benson; Adnan Ismail; Johanna L. Rosenthal, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Johanna Rosenthal MD Inc",
        "Objective": "Identify clinician-perceived barriers and facilitators that affect the systematic use of PHQ-9 depression screening of Multiple Sclerosis patients at Arrowhead Regional Medical Center (ARMC) Neurology clinic appointments.",
        "Background": "Depression is common among people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Although the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is validated for depression screening in MS populations, it is not routinely used in clinical settings, including at ARMC’s neurology clinic.",
        "Design/Methods": "Neurologists at ARMC were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Questions investigated their familiarity with the PHQ-9, how often they use it clinically, and barriers or facilitators they can identify. Interview transcripts were reviewed and coded. Thematic analysis followed steps outlined by Braun & Clarke, including initial coding, theme development, and refinement.",
        "Results": "While PHQ-9 depression screening was deemed clinically valuable, barriers to its consistent use exist. The primary barrier was structural workflow constraints, including limited visit time and competing clinical priorities. Knowledge gaps were prominent, with limited awareness and instruction in PHQ-9 use. Patient-specific challenges regarding MS, namely cognitive impairment, fatigue, mobility limitations, socioeconomic barriers, and language or literacy difficulties, further complicated screening. Proposed solutions included integrating screening into early workflow stages, delegating to non-physician staff, and optimizing the electronic health record.",
        "Conclusions": "Clinicians recognized the PHQ-9’s value for patients with MS; however, its routine use in ARMC’s neurology clinic is limited by workflow constraints, lack of training, and patient-related complexities. Successful implementation requires integration into workflow processes and electronic health records, clear team roles, and targeted education to improve familiarity with the tool. These changes may enhance feasibility without adding burden, enabling consistent identification of depressive symptoms and patient-centered care in this high-risk population.",
        "Disclosures": "Jessica Benson: Miss Benson has nothing to disclose.\nAdnan Ismail: Mr. Ismail has nothing to disclose.\nJohanna L. Rosenthal, MD: Dr. Rosenthal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Rosenthal with California Neurology Society. Dr. Rosenthal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Board of Directors Legislative Chairman4 with California Neurology Society. Dr. Rosenthal has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Board of Directors, Legislative Chair202 with California Neurology Society."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Clinicians recognized the PHQ-9’s value for patients with MS; however, its routine use in ARMC’s neurology clinic is limited by workflow constraints, lack of training, and patient-related complexities. Successful implementation requires integration into workflow processes and electronic health records, clear team roles, and targeted education to improve familiarity with the tool.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22364",
          "title": "P1 - Poster Session 1",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22364",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "12:00 PM - 01:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65341",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65341",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 270
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65342",
      "source_id": "65342",
      "abstract_number": "1-067",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-067",
      "title": "Isolated Peripheral Nervous System Presentation in Ma/Ma2-associated Autoimmunity",
      "authors": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Macarena Villagran-Garcia, MD; Antonio Farina; Jordi Bruna; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD; Francesc R. Graus, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero."
        },
        {
          "name": "Macarena Villagran-Garcia, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Macarena Villagran-Garcia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Villagran-Garcia has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero."
        },
        {
          "name": "Antonio Farina",
          "normalized_name": "Antonio Farina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Farina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jordi Bruna",
          "normalized_name": "Jordi Bruna",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospital Universitari De Bellvitge - ICO Duran I Reynals",
          "disclosure": "Jordi Bruna has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Josep O. Dalmau",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jerome Honnorat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
          "disclosure": "Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB. The institution of Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for journal of neurology."
        },
        {
          "name": "Francesc R. Graus, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Francesc R. Graus",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "IDIBAPS",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Graus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for MedLink. Dr. Graus has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch",
        "Macarena Villagran-Garcia",
        "Antonio Farina",
        "Jordi Bruna",
        "Josep O. Dalmau",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "Jerome Honnorat",
        "Francesc R. Graus"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Hospital Universitari De Bellvitge - ICO Duran I Reynals",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
        "IDIBAPS"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Hospital Universitari De Bellvitge - ICO Duran I Reynals",
        "Mayo Clinic",
        "Hospices Civils de Lyon",
        "IDIBAPS"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD; Macarena Villagran-Garcia, MD; Antonio Farina; Jordi Bruna; Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD; Francesc R. Graus, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Hospital Universitari De Bellvitge - ICO Duran I Reynals\nMayo Clinic\nHospices Civils de Lyon\nIDIBAPS",
        "Objective": "We aimed to describe the frequency and syndromes of patients with Ma/Ma2 antibodies and isolated PNS involvement.",
        "Background": "Ma/Ma2-associated neurologic autoimmunity is characterized by central nervous system involvement. However, isolated peripheral nervous system presentations have been rarely reported.",
        "Design/Methods": "We performed a nested case series within multicenter cohorts of patients with Ma/Ma2-associated neurological syndromes, confirmed by tissue-based assay and line-blot. We included patients with isolated peripheral nervous system clinical presentation with or without concomitant spinal cord involvement (if peripheral nervous system predominated).",
        "Results": "Among 212 patients with Ma/Ma2 antibody-associated neurologic syndromes, 7 (3%) presented with isolated peripheral nervous system involvement (median age, 68 years; 4/7 female). The onset was subacute in 5/7 (71%) patients, and at the nadir, 5 (71%) required assistance for ambulation (median mRS 4, range 2-4). Clinical phenotypes were consistent with involvement of the proximal components of the peripheral nervous sytem in 6 (86%) patients, presenting as sensory neuronopathy (n = 3), myeloradiculopathy (n = 1), radiculoplexopathy (n = 1), and motor neuronopathy (n = 1). The remaining patient had multiple mononeuropathy. All patients were anti-Ma2-positive whereas Ma antibodies (reactive against Ma1 and Ma2 proteins) were detected in 2 (33%)/6 tested patients. CSF examination showed pleocytosis in all but one patient (5/6, 83%), the latter being sampled 24 months after symptom onset. None of the samples showed additional neuronal antibodies in tissue-based assays. An associated cancer was identified in 6 (86%)/7 patients: pleural mesothelioma, oral squamous cell, testicular, lung, and breast cancer, and B-cell lymphoma. Five patients received immunotherapy, cancer treatment, or both. After a median follow-up of 23 months, symptoms improved or stabilized in 3 patients and progressed in 4.",
        "Conclusions": "Isolated peripheral nervous system involvement is a rare manifestation of Ma/Ma2 associated autoimmunity. Ma/Ma2 antibody testing should be considered in neuronopathies and unexplained non-length-dependent neuropathies.",
        "Disclosures": "Andreu Vilaseca-Jolonch, MD: Dr. Vilaseca-Jolonch has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero.\nMacarena Villagran-Garcia, MD: Dr. Villagran-Garcia has received research support from Fundación Martín Escudero.\nAntonio Farina: Mr. Farina has nothing to disclose.\nJordi Bruna: Jordi Bruna has nothing to disclose.\nJosep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astellas Research Institute of America. Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Janssen Research & Development . Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for American Academy of Neurology. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Springer Nature. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Sage Therapeutics. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Edmond J.Safra Foundation . The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from La Caixa Foundation. The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Spanish Ministry of Health (ISCIII). The institution of Dr. Dalmau has received research support from Euroimmun, Inc. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. An immediate family member of Dr. Dalmau has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Dalmau has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nJerome Honnorat, MD, PhD: Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for LFB. The institution of Jerome Honnorat, MD, PhD has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for journal of neurology.\nFrancesc R. Graus, MD: Dr. Graus has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for MedLink. Dr. Graus has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Isolated peripheral nervous system involvement is a rare manifestation of Ma/Ma2 associated autoimmunity. Ma/Ma2 antibody testing should be considered in neuronopathies and unexplained non-length-dependent neuropathies.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22380",
          "title": "C17 - Cancer-associated Neurological Autoimmunity",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22380",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "12:45 PM - 02:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas G",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Shailee S. Shah, MD, Bianca Santomasso, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to identify clinical features of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated neurological complications; apply a diagnostic approach to patients with suspected cancer-associated neurological autoimmunity; and implement evidence-based treatment strategies for paraneoplastic and immune-mediated neurological disorders in patients with cancer.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice",
          "Program Level": "Introductory",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Case-based, Didactic, Audience Participation"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65342",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65342",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65343",
      "source_id": "65343",
      "abstract_number": "1-068",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-068",
      "title": "A Clinical Score to Distinguish Autoimmune Nodopathies from Other Demyelinating Neuropathies",
      "authors": "Pranjal Gupta, MD; Mohammad Naseem, MBBS; Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Christopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN; Sanjana Bhaskar; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Surendra Dasari; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Pranjal Gupta, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Pranjal Gupta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Pranjal Gupta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Mohammad Naseem, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Mohammad Naseem",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Naseem has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher J. Klein",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Klein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sanjana Bhaskar",
          "normalized_name": "Sanjana Bhaskar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Bhaskar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "John R. Mills, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "John R. Mills",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "normalized_name": "Surendra Dasari",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Pranjal Gupta",
        "Mohammad Naseem",
        "Naveen K. Paramasivan",
        "Christopher J. Klein",
        "Sanjana Bhaskar",
        "John R. Mills",
        "Surendra Dasari",
        "Divyanshu Dubey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Pranjal Gupta, MD; Mohammad Naseem, MBBS; Naveen K. Paramasivan, MD; Christopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN; Sanjana Bhaskar; John R. Mills, MD, PhD; Surendra Dasari; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "To develop a clinical predictive scoring model to distinguish autoimmune nodopathies (AN) from other demyelinating neuropathies.",
        "Background": "AN represent a distinct group of immune-mediated neuropathies with unique pathobiology and therapeutic and prognostic implications.",
        "Design/Methods": "Patients with AN and other demyelinating neuropathies (controls) were included to develop a clinical prediction model. Penalized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression identified candidate predictors, which subsequently entered multivariable Firth penalized logistic regression. An integer-based clinical score was generated.",
        "Results": "Sixty four (median age 47.5 years; range 4-82) cases with AN and 72 controls (median age 47.5years; range 9-81) were included: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (n=20), multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy (n=8), Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (n=12), polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes syndrome (n=11), distal acquired demyelinating symmetric neuropathy (n=11), and multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (n=10). Of the 10 variables identified by LASSO regression, 5 were selected for multivariable Firth penalized logistic regression based on clinical relevance. Independent predictors of AN included prominent sensory ataxia (S) (odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) 6.12 (2.34-17.16)), cranial neuropathy (N) (OR (95% CI) 10.13 (3.40-35.33), acute to subacute onset (A) (OR (95% CI) 4.58 (1.59-14.58) and cerebrospinal fluid protein (P) > 200 mg/dl (OR (95% CI) 4.48 (1.63-13.36)). A 4 variable score (SNAP score) was derived, assigning one point to each variable. A cut off score of ≥ 2 demonstrated a sensitivity of 78%, specificity of 93%, positive predictive value 91%, and negative predictive value of 83% with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.898 for predicting AN. Bootstrap validation (1000 samples) yielded an AUC of 0.894 with an optimism of 0.018.",
        "Conclusions": "The Autoimmune Nodopathy Predictive (SNAP) score is a simple bedside tool that distinguishes AN from other demyelinating neuropathies and may help identify patients in whom nodal/paranodal antibody testing should be considered.",
        "Disclosures": "Pranjal Gupta, MD: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nMohammad Naseem, MBBS: Dr. Naseem has nothing to disclose.\nNaveen K. Paramasivan, MD: Dr. Paramasivan has nothing to disclose.\nChristopher J. Klein, MD, FAAN: Dr. Klein has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for NMD Pharma.\nSanjana Bhaskar: Mrs. Bhaskar has nothing to disclose.\nJohn R. Mills, MD, PhD: The institution of Dr. Mills has received research support from Werfen Diagnostics. Dr. Mills has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nSurendra Dasari: Surendra Dasari has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The Autoimmune Nodopathy Predictive (SNAP) score is a simple bedside tool that distinguishes AN from other demyelinating neuropathies and may help identify patients in whom nodal/paranodal antibody testing should be considered.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Seminar",
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22372",
          "title": "C10 - Demyelinating Neuropathies",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22372",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "07:30 AM - 09:15 AM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas F",
          "Supported By": "This program is supported in part by educational grants from Grifols, CSL, and argenx US Inc.",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Carlayne E. Jackson, MD, FAAN, Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to describe the pathophysiology of Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP); differentiate AIDP from CIDP using clinical features, electrodiagnostic studies, and supportive diagnostic testing; apply a systematic diagnostic approach to inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies and recognize common mimics; select appropriate acute treatments for AIDP, including IVIG and plasma exchange, and identify patients at risk for complications; and develop evidence-based long-term treatment strategies for CIDP, including immunotherapies and monitoring response to therapy.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        },
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65343",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65343",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 322
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65344",
      "source_id": "65344",
      "abstract_number": "1-069",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-069",
      "title": "Investigating the Relationship Between Multiple Lymphomas and Relapsing Parsonage-Turner Syndrome: A Case Study",
      "authors": "Rutu Patel, PA; Ashley E. Aaroe, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Rutu Patel, PA",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Rutu Patel, PA",
          "normalized_name": "Rutu Patel, PA",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "MD Anderson",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Patel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley E. Aaroe, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley E. Aaroe",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "MD Anderson Cancer Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aaroe has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Delphi Panel Consultant with Advi."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Rutu Patel, PA",
        "Ashley E. Aaroe"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "MD Anderson",
        "MD Anderson Cancer Center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "MD Anderson",
        "MD Anderson Cancer Center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Rutu Patel, PA; Ashley E. Aaroe, MD",
        "Affiliations": "MD Anderson\nMD Anderson Cancer Center",
        "Objective": "To describe an association between probable germline variants in genes associated with immune dysfunction and cancer predisposition, and recurrent Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS) in a patient with three histologically distinct lymphomas.",
        "Background": "PTS is an autoimmune-mediated brachial plexopathy which typically presents with acute shoulder pain, weakness, sensory changes, and muscle atrophy. Multiple relapses have been seen with hereditary forms, half of which are associated with germline SEPTIN9 alterations.",
        "Design/Methods": "Informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of this case report.",
        "Results": "A 65-year-old man with a past medical history of mantle cell lymphoma diagnosed in 2018 in complete remission (CR), diffuse large B cell lymphoma in 2023 in CR, and peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) status post autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) 12/2025 with four episodes of PTS. The first episode occurred following orthopedic surgery at age 21. The latter two occurred in his late 20s and 40s triggered by upper respiratory infections. He developed another episode of PTS five weeks following his ASCT for PTCL. Magnetic resonance imaging and electrodiagnostic testing were consistent with PTS rather than neurolymphomatosis. SEPTIN9 genetic testing was negative. Serum paraneoplastic panel was negative. Family history was notable for lymphoma, breast cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis. There may be an underlying genetic susceptibility for recurrent PTS given pertinent personal and family history of cancer and autoimmune disorders. A blood-based next generation sequencing assay identified several germline variants that could be involved in immune dysregulation including ATM (p.L1420F) and TET2 (p.G355D). Additional genetic testing with Invitae evaluating gene variants associated with genetic disorders identified BLM c.934T>G (p.Ser312Ala).",
        "Conclusions": "This case raises the possibility of a shared genetic susceptibility underlying the patient’s lymphomas and PTS, especially given then initial episodes of PTS predated the cancer diagnosis. Probable germline origins in ATM and TET2 are under evaluation with dedicated germline testing.",
        "Disclosures": "Rutu Patel, PA: Ms. Patel has nothing to disclose.\nAshley E. Aaroe, MD: Dr. Aaroe has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Delphi Panel Consultant with Advi."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case raises the possibility of a shared genetic susceptibility underlying the patient’s lymphomas and PTS, especially given then initial episodes of PTS predated the cancer diagnosis. Probable germline origins in ATM and TET2 are under evaluation with dedicated germline testing.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65344",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65344",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 307
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65345",
      "source_id": "65345",
      "abstract_number": "1-070",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-070",
      "title": "Combined Central and Peripheral Demyelination in Pregnancy: A Case of Dual Neurofascin-140 and Sulfatide Antibody Positivity",
      "authors": "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani; Nirumal Khumar, DM neurology; Aishwarya J, MD; Sathish K. Mallikarjuna, MD; Nooka Monika Reddy, MD; Neelakandan Sivathanu, MBBS; Sai Venkata Manoj Kotharu, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani",
          "normalized_name": "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Thulasimani has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nirumal Khumar, DM neurology",
          "normalized_name": "Nirumal Khumar, DM neurology",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khumar has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aishwarya J, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Aishwarya J",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. J has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sathish K. Mallikarjuna, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sathish K. Mallikarjuna",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mallikarjuna has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nooka Monika Reddy, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nooka Monika Reddy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Reddy has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Neelakandan Sivathanu, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Neelakandan Sivathanu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Sivathanu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sai Venkata Manoj Kotharu, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Sai Venkata Manoj Kotharu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. KOTHARU has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani",
        "Nirumal Khumar, DM neurology",
        "Aishwarya J",
        "Sathish K. Mallikarjuna",
        "Nooka Monika Reddy",
        "Neelakandan Sivathanu",
        "Sai Venkata Manoj Kotharu"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani; Nirumal Khumar, DM neurology; Aishwarya J, MD; Sathish K. Mallikarjuna, MD; Nooka Monika Reddy, MD; Neelakandan Sivathanu, MBBS; Sai Venkata Manoj Kotharu, MBBS",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Combined central and peripheral demyelination lies at the interface between Multiple Sclerosis and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP), but remains poorly defined without standardized diagnostic criteria. Its presentation during pregnancy is infrequent, warranting special consideration given the naturally altered immune function and therapeutic constraints.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-case report.",
        "Results": "We report a 25-year-old woman, six weeks pregnant, who presented to the clinic with a 3-day history of paresthesia involving both limbs, which progressed to difficulty walking and left-leg buckling. She had experienced similar episodes in the past, including transient diplopia. Examination revealed a predominantly proximal weakness of the left leg with an extensor plantar response, indicating upper motor neuron involvement. Nerve conduction studies indicated peripheral demyelination with severely reduced conduction velocities, absent SNAPs, and prolonged F waves. MRI of the brain showed several focal T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesions. The cervical and thoracic spines also showed multiple short-segment T2-hyperintense lesions suggestive of central demyelination. Antibody testing was negative for aquaporin-4, anti-MOG, and oligoclonal bands, but competitive ELISA were positive for Neurofascin-140 (303ng/dl) and sulfatide IgM antibodies (326ng/dl). These findings pointed to an immune process targeting the nodo-paranodal region. She was diagnosed with combined central and peripheral demyelination and received pulse corticosteroids. She showed full clinical recovery and is under follow-up in the clinic, with rituximab planned as maintenance therapy postpartum.",
        "Conclusions": "This antenatal case of CCPD with dual NF140 and sulfatide antibody positivity further expands the immunological spectrum of the disorder. It highlights the utility of nodo-paranodal antibody testing when standard screening is negative in suspected peripheral demyelinating disorders. It calls attention to the challenges encountered in treating these disorders in pregnancy - the need for balancing maternal recovery against fetal well-being. Systematic reporting and registry collaboration are necessary to determine prognosis and establish safe, evidence-based therapeutic guidelines for this clinically relevant subgroup.",
        "Disclosures": "Ilaiyabharathi Thulasimani: Mr. Thulasimani has nothing to disclose.\nNirumal Khumar, DM neurology: Dr. Khumar has nothing to disclose.\nAishwarya J, MD: Ms. J has nothing to disclose.\nSathish K. Mallikarjuna, MD: Dr. Mallikarjuna has nothing to disclose.\nNooka Monika Reddy, MD: Dr. Reddy has nothing to disclose.\nNeelakandan Sivathanu, MBBS: Mr. Sivathanu has nothing to disclose.\nSai Venkata Manoj Kotharu, MBBS: Dr. KOTHARU has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This antenatal case of CCPD with dual NF140 and sulfatide antibody positivity further expands the immunological spectrum of the disorder. It highlights the utility of nodo-paranodal antibody testing when standard screening is negative in suspected peripheral demyelinating disorders.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65345",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65345",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65346",
      "source_id": "65346",
      "abstract_number": "1-071",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-071",
      "title": "Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following the Newly Introduced 21-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV21): A Case Report",
      "authors": "Chaoyang Wang, MBBS; Xinyi Jing, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Chaoyang Wang, MBBS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Chaoyang Wang, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Chaoyang Wang",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wang has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Xinyi Jing, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Xinyi Jing",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Jing has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Chaoyang Wang",
        "Xinyi Jing"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Chaoyang Wang, MBBS; Xinyi Jing, MD",
        "Objective": "The purpose of this case report is to describe a possible association between Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and the newly approved 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV21).",
        "Background": "Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) including PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20 are widely used to prevent pneumococcal infection. On June 17, 2024, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV21; Capvaxive; Merck Sharp & Dohme, LLC) for adults aged ≥18 years. Unlike PCV20, PCV21 is not simply PCV20 plus one additional serotype. PCV21 was specifically designed to target invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) serotypes that predominantly affect adults. Although PCV20 and PCV21 share 10 common serotypes, each also includes additional unique ones-11 in PCV21 and 10 in PCV20. As PCV21 was only recently approved in 2024, post-marketing data remain limited. Here, we present a case report describing a possible association between PCV21 and GBS.",
        "Design/Methods": "We report a 64-year-old male who developed progressive ascending weakness and paresthesias 7 days after receiving PCV21 vaccination. Neurologic examination revealed areflexia, hyporeflexia, symmetric weakness, and sensory deficits. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated albuminocytologic dissociation. Nerve conduction studies were consistent with AIDP. The patient was diagnosed with GBS and treated with IVIG without obvious improvement. His weakness progressed, reaching a nadir of grade 1/5 strength in the lower extremities, raising concern for impending respiratory failure. Therapy was switched to plasma exchange. Extensive evaluation, including infectious, metabolic, and autoimmune workup, was unrevealing, strengthening the temporal association with recent PCV21 vaccination.",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "We report a case of GBS following a single dose of newly introduced PCV21. Continued case reporting and post-marketing surveillance are essential to monitor the safety profile. It is also important to emphasize that the benefits of vaccination still outweigh the potential risks.",
        "Disclosures": "Chaoyang Wang, MBBS: Dr. Wang has nothing to disclose.\nXinyi Jing, MD: Dr. Jing has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We report a case of GBS following a single dose of newly introduced PCV21. Continued case reporting and post-marketing surveillance are essential to monitor the safety profile. It is also important to emphasize that the benefits of vaccination still outweigh the potential risks.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65346",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65346",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 284
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65347",
      "source_id": "65347",
      "abstract_number": "1-072",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-072",
      "title": "Vaccine-associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following Purified Chick Embryo Cell Antirabies Vaccination: A Demyelinating Phenotype with Anti-GM1 IgG Antibodies",
      "authors": "Drishtdeum Malik; Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS; Chandan Goyal; Keshav Sunita Jindal; Vaidehi Mittal",
      "presenting_author": "Drishtdeum Malik",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Drishtdeum Malik",
          "normalized_name": "Drishtdeum Malik",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Malik has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Akash Rawat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rawat has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chandan Goyal",
          "normalized_name": "Chandan Goyal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Chandan Goyal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Keshav Sunita Jindal",
          "normalized_name": "Keshav Sunita Jindal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Keshav Sunita Jindal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vaidehi Mittal",
          "normalized_name": "Vaidehi Mittal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Vaidehi Mittal has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Drishtdeum Malik",
        "Akash Rawat",
        "Chandan Goyal",
        "Keshav Sunita Jindal",
        "Vaidehi Mittal"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Drishtdeum Malik; Akash Rawat, MD, MBBS; Chandan Goyal; Keshav Sunita Jindal; Vaidehi Mittal",
        "Objective": "To report severe demyelinating GBS variant with anti-GM1 IgG antibodies following purified chick embryo cell (PCEC) antirabies vaccination, highlighting the need for vigilance in post-vaccination neurological decline.",
        "Background": "Vaccine-associated GBS is rare but recognized, historically linked to older neural-tissue rabies vaccines. Newer PCEC vaccines are considered safer; however, recent large-scale data suggest a statistically significant association with GBS, warranting re-evaluation of post-vaccination surveillance thresholds.",
        "Design/Methods": "Single-patient observational report with clinical, biochemical, cerebrospinal fluid, electrodiagnostic, antibody, and radiologic correlation with follow-up at 3 months",
        "Results": "A 25-year-old woman developed descending sensorimotor weakness, facial diplegia, bulbar dysfunction, and autonomic involvement - including urinary retention - three days after the third dose of PCEC antirabies vaccine administered following a monkey bite. No antecedent respiratory or gastrointestinal infection was identified. CSF demonstrated albuminocytologic dissociation (protein 283 mg/dL, normal cell count). Neurotropic virus panel was negative. Anti-GM1 IgG antibodies were detected - an antibody classically associated with axonal variants but identified here in a demyelinating phenotype. Nerve conduction studies showed prominent conduction block, prolonged distal latencies, slowed conduction velocities, and temporal dispersion in median and peroneal nerves, consistent with severe acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy. Respiratory compromise necessitated mechanical ventilation. Following seven sessions of plasmapheresis (40 mL/kg/session), the patient was extubated at day 7. Limb power improved to MRC 4/5. Repeat NCS at 4 weeks showed resolution of conduction block with partial normalization of distal latencies. At 3-month follow-up, full limb power was restored with only mild residual facial weakness.",
        "Conclusions": "This case demonstrates that PCEC antirabies vaccination can be associated with severe demyelinating GBS with atypical anti-GM1 IgG seropositivity. The descending pattern of weakness risks misdiagnosis - with botulism, diphtheria, and acute intermittent porphyria in the differential. A low threshold for early electrodiagnostic evaluation and plasmapheresis initiation is critical. As rabies vaccination expands globally, post-vaccination neurological surveillance protocols require strengthening.",
        "Disclosures": "Drishtdeum Malik: Mr. Malik has nothing to disclose.\nAkash Rawat, MD, MBBS: Dr. Rawat has nothing to disclose.\nChandan Goyal: Chandan Goyal has nothing to disclose.\nKeshav Sunita Jindal: Keshav Sunita Jindal has nothing to disclose.\nVaidehi Mittal: Vaidehi Mittal has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case demonstrates that PCEC antirabies vaccination can be associated with severe demyelinating GBS with atypical anti-GM1 IgG seropositivity. The descending pattern of weakness risks misdiagnosis - with botulism, diphtheria, and acute intermittent porphyria in the differential. A low threshold for early electrodiagnostic evaluation and plasmapheresis initiation is critical.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65347",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65347",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65348",
      "source_id": "65348",
      "abstract_number": "1-073",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-073",
      "title": "Autoimmune Mimic: Refractory Neuropathic Pain with Misleading Response to Immunotherapy in a Patient with Wilson’s Disease",
      "authors": "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo, Student; Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie; Maria de Los Angeles Alvarez Falcon; Grace K. Cedeño, MD; Xavier Grandes",
      "presenting_author": "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo, Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo, Student",
          "normalized_name": "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Feijoo Jaramillo has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
          "normalized_name": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Maria de Los Angeles Alvarez Falcon",
          "normalized_name": "Maria de Los Angeles Alvarez Falcon",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Universidad católica de Santiago de Guayaquil",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Alvarez Falcon has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grace K. Cedeño, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Grace K. Cedeño",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Cedeño has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Xavier Grandes",
          "normalized_name": "Xavier Grandes",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Grandes has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo",
        "Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie",
        "Maria de Los Angeles Alvarez Falcon",
        "Grace K. Cedeño",
        "Xavier Grandes"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Universidad católica de Santiago de Guayaquil"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Universidad católica de Santiago de Guayaquil"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo, Student; Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie; Maria de Los Angeles Alvarez Falcon; Grace K. Cedeño, MD; Xavier Grandes",
        "Affiliations": "Universidad católica de Santiago de Guayaquil",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of chronic neuropathic pain with misleading immunotherapy response, highlighting the limitations of attributing an autoimmune etiology without evidence.",
        "Background": "Chronic neuropathic pain presents a diagnostic challenge, particularly when sensory manifestations suggest an immune-mediated etiology. Transient clinical improvement with immunotherapy may support this assumption despite the absence of objective immunologic or neuroinflammatory findings, often resulting in prolonged ineffective treatment. This complexity highlights the importance of ongoing reassessment in refractory cases and the consideration of alternative diagnoses, including centralized pain syndromes.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 23-year-old woman with genetically confirmed Wilson’s disease (ATP7B) presented with a 10-year history of progressive neuropathic pain, characterized by severe allodynia, hyperpathia, and progressive dysesthesias. Initially, borderline intraepidermal nerve fiber density and mild A-delta/C-fiber deficits on quantitative sensory testing suggested a small-fiber neuropathy. A significant but transient response to IVIg (2g/kg) was observed, followed by loss of sustained response to continued immunotherapy; longitudinal autoimmune encephalitis panels, paraneoplastic markers, and systemic serologies (Anti-Ro/La, ANA) remained consistently negative, while repeated MRI and EMG showed no neuroinflammatory or denervation patterns. Later, following rituximab-induced B-cell depletion (CD19 0%), symptoms progressed to generalized myoclonic spasms, neurogenic bladder, and functional motor decline. While Wilson-related glomerulosclerosis and hepatic steatosis were documented, no immunologic, neoplastic, or alternative genetic cause was found. After failing multiple neuromodulators and immunosuppressants, the patient achieved 80% symptomatic relief and regained unassisted ambulation last year following intrathecal morphine pump implantation, with clinical features consistent with fibromyalgia and refractory central pain syndrome associated with a mild axonal sensory polyneuropathy.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of chronic neuropathic pain, in which initial findings may mimic an autoimmune etiology. It underscores the need for continuous diagnostic reassessment and the recognition of pain centralization mechanisms in refractory cases, enabling more effective treatment and improved functional outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Michael Alexander Feijoo Jaramillo, Student: Mr. Feijoo Jaramillo has nothing to disclose.\nNicole J. Al Alam Rabie: Nicole J. Al Alam Rabie has nothing to disclose.\nMaria de Los Angeles Alvarez Falcon: Ms. Alvarez Falcon has nothing to disclose.\nGrace K. Cedeño, MD: Dr. Cedeño has nothing to disclose.\nXavier Grandes: Mr. Grandes has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of chronic neuropathic pain, in which initial findings may mimic an autoimmune etiology. It underscores the need for continuous diagnostic reassessment and the recognition of pain centralization mechanisms in refractory cases, enabling more effective treatment and improved functional outcomes.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65348",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65348",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 297
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65349",
      "source_id": "65349",
      "abstract_number": "1-074",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-074",
      "title": "Real-world Effectiveness and Use of Efgartigimod in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy: ADHERE REAL Study Design",
      "authors": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam, PhD; Benjamin Knier; Jana Zschüntzsch, MD, PhD; Jamie H. Aldridge, PhD, PA; Jeffrey A. Allen, MD; Filip Eftimov, MD, PhD; Desiree Gneissl, PhD; Saman Haghighi; Geoffrey Istas; Chris Pashos; Rebecca Traub, MD, FAAN; Chafic Y. Karam, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Akhavan Aghdam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mr. Akhavan Aghdam has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Benjamin Knier",
          "normalized_name": "Benjamin Knier",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novo Nordisk. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Knier has received research support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jana Zschüntzsch, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Jana Zschüntzsch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kedrion. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from European commission. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from GB-A."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jamie H. Aldridge, PhD, PA",
          "normalized_name": "Jamie H. Aldridge",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Allergan",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Aldridge has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Aldridge has or had stock in argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey A. Allen, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey A. Allen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Minnesota",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson."
        },
        {
          "name": "Filip Eftimov, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Filip Eftimov",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Eftimov has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Desiree Gneissl, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Desiree Gneissl",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gneissl has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saman Haghighi",
          "normalized_name": "Saman Haghighi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "argenx, Ghent, Belgium",
          "disclosure": "Saman Haghighi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Geoffrey Istas",
          "normalized_name": "Geoffrey Istas",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Geoffrey Istas has or had stock in Argenx.Geoffrey Istas has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chris Pashos",
          "normalized_name": "Chris Pashos",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Pashos has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rebecca Traub, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Rebecca Traub",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of North Carolina Chapel Hill",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Intellia. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA). The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Ionis. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Pharnext. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Takeda. Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a consultant with Department of Justice."
        },
        {
          "name": "Chafic Y. Karam, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Chafic Y. Karam",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Pennsylvania",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Applied therapeutics. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam",
        "Benjamin Knier",
        "Jana Zschüntzsch",
        "Jamie H. Aldridge",
        "Jeffrey A. Allen",
        "Filip Eftimov",
        "Desiree Gneissl",
        "Saman Haghighi",
        "Geoffrey Istas",
        "Chris Pashos",
        "Rebecca Traub",
        "Chafic Y. Karam"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Allergan",
        "University of Minnesota",
        "argenx, Ghent, Belgium",
        "University of North Carolina Chapel Hill",
        "University of Pennsylvania"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Allergan",
        "University of Minnesota",
        "argenx, Ghent, Belgium",
        "University of North Carolina Chapel Hill",
        "University of Pennsylvania"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam, PhD; Benjamin Knier; Jana Zschüntzsch, MD, PhD; Jamie H. Aldridge, PhD, PA; Jeffrey A. Allen, MD; Filip Eftimov, MD, PhD; Desiree Gneissl, PhD; Saman Haghighi; Geoffrey Istas; Chris Pashos; Rebecca Traub, MD, FAAN; Chafic Y. Karam, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Allergan\nUniversity of Minnesota\nargenx, Ghent, Belgium\nUniversity of North Carolina Chapel Hill\nUniversity of Pennsylvania",
        "Objective": "ADHERE REAL will assess the real-world effectiveness of subcutaneous efgartigimod PH20 in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and describe their treatment journey and healthcare resource utilization.",
        "Background": "CIDP, an immune-mediated neuropathy, causes progressive muscle weakness and sensory disturbance. Efgartigimod, a human immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 antibody Fc fragment, reduces IgG recycling by blocking FcRn, reducing impact on CIDP pathophysiology. The efficacy and safety of subcutaneous efgartigimod PH20 in patients with CIDP was demonstrated in the registrational ADHERE trial.",
        "Design/Methods": "This real-world, prospective, multicenter study will assess adults with CIDP across the US and Germany. Patients will be efgartigimod PH20-naïve at screening and initiate treatment in routine clinical practice. Clinician-assessed and patient-reported outcomes will be recorded regularly, and treatment/dosage changes or relapses will be recorded.",
        "Results": "Change over time in scores, including adjusted Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment and Inflammatory Rasch-built Overall Disability Score, will assess real-world effectiveness of efgartigimod PH20 and will be monitored via patient questionnaires, nurse assessments, and medical record review. Proportions of participants with CIDP relapse and with evidence of clinical improvement will be assessed. Assessment of patient-treatment journeys will include disease course, comorbidities, CIDP treatment, modifications, and timing/rationale for these changes. Healthcare resource utilization will be assessed by frequency, duration, and reasons for healthcare provider follow-ups, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations. As of April 2026, 43 participants have been enrolled in Germany; enrollment has begun in the US.",
        "Conclusions": "This study will expand on the ADHERE trial and provide insights into the real-world usage of efgartigimod in patients with CIDP.",
        "Disclosures": "Zohreh Akhavan Aghdam, PhD: Mr. Akhavan Aghdam has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Mr. Akhavan Aghdam has or had stock in argenx.\nBenjamin Knier: Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Novartis. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Merck. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Merck. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novo Nordisk. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Argenx. Dr. Knier has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL Behring. The institution of Dr. Knier has received research support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.\nJana Zschüntzsch, MD, PhD: Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kedrion. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Janssen. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for UCB. Dr. Zschüntzsch has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from European commission. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from UCB. The institution of Dr. Zschüntzsch has received research support from GB-A.\nJamie H. Aldridge, PhD, PA: Dr. Aldridge has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx. Dr. Aldridge has or had stock in argenx.\nJeffrey A. Allen, MD: Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for csl behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Grifols. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Johnson and Johnson. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Immunovant. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for CSL Behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Annexon. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Dianthus. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for CSL behring. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Takeda. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alnylam. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Allen has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Johnson and Johnson.\nFilip Eftimov, MD, PhD: Dr. Eftimov has nothing to disclose.\nDesiree Gneissl, PhD: Dr. Gneissl has nothing to disclose.\nSaman Haghighi: Saman Haghighi has nothing to disclose.\nGeoffrey Istas: Geoffrey Istas has or had stock in Argenx.Geoffrey Istas has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nChris Pashos: Mr. Pashos has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of argenx.\nRebecca Traub, MD, FAAN: Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Argenx. Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Intellia. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA). The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Ionis. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Argenx. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Pharnext. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Immunovant. The institution of Dr. Traub has received research support from Takeda. Dr. Traub has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a consultant with Department of Justice.\nChafic Y. Karam, MD: Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alnylam. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Annexon. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Nuvig. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Applied therapeutics. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Amgen. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Astra Zeneca. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Intellia. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Takeda. Dr. Karam has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Vertex."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This study will expand on the ADHERE trial and provide insights into the real-world usage of efgartigimod in patients with CIDP.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65349",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65349",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 253
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65350",
      "source_id": "65350",
      "abstract_number": "1-075",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-075",
      "title": "Novel Presentation of Contactin-1 Autoimmune Nodopathy as a Lumbosacral Radiculoplexus Neuropathy",
      "authors": "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr., MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr., MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr., MD",
          "normalized_name": "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rogers has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Dubey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Mayo Clinic",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pinto has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr",
        "Divyanshu Dubey",
        "Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Mayo Clinic"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr., MD; Divyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN; Marcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Mayo Clinic",
        "Objective": "We describe a case of contactin-1 autoimmune nodopathy presenting as a subacute, painful lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy (LRPN) in a patient with smoldering Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.",
        "Background": "Contactin-1 autoimmune nodopathy is a rare autoimmune disorder targeting paranodal proteins at the node of Ranvier. Clinically, it is known to present as a severe, motor predominant neuropathy.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report.",
        "Results": "A 79-year-old woman with smoldering Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia was for a 3-week history of progressive lower extremity pain and weakness. Neurologic examination demonstrated inability to walk or stand and severe, asymmetric flaccid paraparesis (right worse than left) with proximal and distal weakness, decreased/absent tendon reflexes, and reduced vibratory sensation and proprioception. Cranial nerves and upper extremity exam were normal. Electrodiagnostic testing demonstrated a subacute, demyelinating polyneuropathy with reduced recruitment and mildly large motor unit potentials in proximal and distal lower limb muscles. MRI of the thoracic spine, lumbar spine, and lumbosacral plexus revealed no abnormal enhancement. CSF protein was elevated without pleocytosis. Blood work-up showed strongly positive IgG4 contactin-1 antibody by cell-based assay and immunofluorescence assay. 24-hour urine study showed nephrotic-range proteinuria (3.2 grams). Renal biopsy confirmed membranous nephropathy and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry identified a peptide profile consistent with contactin-1. The patient received daily 1g intravenous methylprednisolone for 5 days followed by weekly infusions for 4 weeks and rituximab induction therapy (1 g ×2, 2 weeks apart). After 3 months, she regained ability to walk.",
        "Conclusions": "This case expands the clinical phenotype of contactin-1 autoimmune nodopathy to include LRPN. Recognition of this presentation is important given its association with IgM paraproteinemia and membranous nephropathy and different treatment strategy compared to typical LRPN.",
        "Disclosures": "Nathaniel P. Rogers, Jr., MD: Dr. Rogers has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Dubey, MD, FAAN: The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Argenx. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. The institution of Dr. Dubey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from Department of Defense . Dr. Dubey has received research support from UCB. Dr. Dubey has received research support from David J. Tomassoni ALS Research Grant Program . Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care. Dr. Dubey has received intellectual property interests from a discovery or technology relating to health care.\nMarcus Vinicius R. Pinto, MD: Dr. Pinto has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case expands the clinical phenotype of contactin-1 autoimmune nodopathy to include LRPN. Recognition of this presentation is important given its association with IgM paraproteinemia and membranous nephropathy and different treatment strategy compared to typical LRPN.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65350",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65350",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 270
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65351",
      "source_id": "65351",
      "abstract_number": "1-076",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-076",
      "title": "The In-between Polyneuropathy: A Case of Subacute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy",
      "authors": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD; Simranpreet Singh, MD; FNU Shivangi, MBBS; Bhavya Chadalavada, MD; Matthew J. Viereck, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ritesh R. Baddam",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Baddam has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Simranpreet Singh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Simranpreet Singh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "FNU Shivangi, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "FNU Shivangi",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Home",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shivangi has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bhavya Chadalavada, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bhavya Chadalavada",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chadalavada has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Matthew J. Viereck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Matthew J. Viereck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Reading Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Viereck has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Axsome Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Ritesh R. Baddam",
        "Simranpreet Singh",
        "FNU Shivangi",
        "Bhavya Chadalavada",
        "Matthew J. Viereck"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Home",
        "Reading Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Home",
        "Reading Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD; Simranpreet Singh, MD; FNU Shivangi, MBBS; Bhavya Chadalavada, MD; Matthew J. Viereck, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Home\nReading Hospital",
        "Objective": "N/A",
        "Background": "Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies exist along a clinical spectrum, with acute (AIDP) and chronic (CIDP) inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy representing well-defined endpoints. Subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (SIDP) represents an intermediate entity characterized by symptom progression over four to eight weeks. Due to the absence of standardized diagnostic criteria and overlapping clinical and electrodiagnostic features with both AIDP and CIDP, SIDP remains underrecognized and diagnostically challenging.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 51-year-old woman with hypertension, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism presented with five weeks of progressive weakness culminating in respiratory failure. Her initial presentation at an outside facility was misattributed to gastroenteritis with hypokalemia. She subsequently developed ascending lower extremity weakness, bulbar symptoms including dysphonia, dysphagia, and diplopia, and autonomic dysfunction including urinary retention and persistent tachycardia. Examination revealed symmetric weakness, generalized areflexia, and decreased sensation in bilateral lower extremities. Respiratory compromise necessitated intubation. CSF analysis demonstrated albuminocytologic dissociation with an elevated IgG index. Electrodiagnostic studies showed absent F-waves across multiple motor nerves, consistent with predominantly demyelinating polyneuropathy with secondary axonal involvement. Infectious, autoimmune, and neuromuscular junction evaluations were unrevealing. Following five sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange, the patient demonstrated meaningful strength improvement and was successfully extubated and discharged to rehabilitation.",
        "Conclusions": "The five-week subacute progression beyond AIDP's typical four-week nadir yet short of CIDP's eight-week threshold supported classification within the SIDP spectrum. Prominent bulbar involvement, autonomic dysfunction, and respiratory failure further complicated diagnostic categorization. SIDP occupies a poorly defined intermediate position that risks misclassification, potentially leading to premature cessation or delayed initiation of appropriate therapy. This case highlights SIDP as a distinct and underrecognized entity within the demyelinating neuropathy spectrum. The favorable response to plasma exchange supports a shared immune-mediated pathophysiology across this spectrum. Early electrodiagnostic testing, CSF analysis, and awareness of the subacute timeframe are critical for timely diagnosis and optimal management",
        "Disclosures": "Ritesh R. Baddam, MD: Dr. Baddam has nothing to disclose.\nSimranpreet Singh, MD: Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose.\nFNU Shivangi, MBBS: Dr. Shivangi has nothing to disclose.\nBhavya Chadalavada, MD: Dr. Chadalavada has nothing to disclose.\nMatthew J. Viereck, MD: Dr. Viereck has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Axsome Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The five-week subacute progression beyond AIDP's typical four-week nadir yet short of CIDP's eight-week threshold supported classification within the SIDP spectrum. Prominent bulbar involvement, autonomic dysfunction, and respiratory failure further complicated diagnostic categorization.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65351",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65351",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65352",
      "source_id": "65352",
      "abstract_number": "1-077",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-077",
      "title": "Unraveling the Misdiagnosis: Chronic Immune Sensory Polyradiculopathy Masquerading as Functional Neurologic Disorder",
      "authors": "Hannah Stokan, BS; Ram Polavarapu",
      "presenting_author": "Hannah Stokan, BS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Hannah Stokan, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Hannah Stokan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Stokan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ram Polavarapu",
          "normalized_name": "Ram Polavarapu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Polavarapu has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Hannah Stokan",
        "Ram Polavarapu"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Hannah Stokan, BS; Ram Polavarapu",
        "Objective": "To highlight diagnostic challenges and risk of functional misattribution in a young patient with presumed chronic immune sensory polyradiculopathy (CISP) within the spectrum of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP).",
        "Background": "CISP is a rare proximal sensory variant of CIDP characterized by immune-mediated involvement of sensory nerve roots. Patients may demonstrate normal MRI and electrodiagnostic studies, with elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein often representing the primary objective abnormality. Subtle findings increase the risk of delayed diagnosis or referral for functional neurologic evaluation.",
        "Design/Methods": "We retrospectively reviewed the clinical course of a female patient with longitudinal follow-up from symptom onset at age 12 through age 24, including examination findings, imaging, electrodiagnostics, CSF analysis, and treatment response.",
        "Results": "The patient developed progressive left lower extremity numbness in 2014, followed by severe neuropathic pain, sensory ataxia, and rapid left-sided weakness. MRI revealed only mild lumbar disc bulging. CSF protein was elevated (43 mg/dL). Initial NCS (2016) demonstrated prolonged latencies and slowed conduction velocities; repeat studies in 2019 were normal. By 2018, examination showed 4/5 strength in the left extremities, hemisensory loss to multiple modalities, asymmetric reflexes (1+ LUE; 2+ RUE and BLE), and impaired gait without upper motor neuron signs. Due to largely nondiagnostic testing, she enrolled in a functional neurologic rehabilitation program to regain ability to walk, though no formal diagnosis was established. After transient response to oral steroids, beginning IVIG during November 2019 (140 g over 3 days) produced near-complete symptom resolution within 2-3 days, with recurrence after three weeks. Presently, ongoing immunotherapy every three weeks has resulted in sustained functional improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "This case underscores the risk of functional misattribution in patients with immune-mediated sensory polyradiculopathy and minimal objective findings. Reproducible response to immunotherapy supported a presumed CISP-spectrum disorder despite inconsistent electrodiagnostics. Early recognition of atypical CIDP variants may prevent delayed treatment and prolonged disability.",
        "Disclosures": "Hannah Stokan, BS: Ms. Stokan has nothing to disclose.\nRam Polavarapu: Mr. Polavarapu has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case underscores the risk of functional misattribution in patients with immune-mediated sensory polyradiculopathy and minimal objective findings. Reproducible response to immunotherapy supported a presumed CISP-spectrum disorder despite inconsistent electrodiagnostics. Early recognition of atypical CIDP variants may prevent delayed treatment and prolonged disability.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65352",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65352",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65353",
      "source_id": "65353",
      "abstract_number": "1-078",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-078",
      "title": "Spontaneous Conception Following High-dose Intravenous Corticosteroid Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis Exacerbation: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Amanda N. Foley; John Mackenzie, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Amanda N. Foley",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Amanda N. Foley",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda N. Foley",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Foley has or had stock in NIO.Ms. Foley has or had stock in Chargepoint.Ms. Foley has received research support from Kenneth A Suarez Research Fellowship."
        },
        {
          "name": "John Mackenzie, DO",
          "normalized_name": "John Mackenzie",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mackenzie has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Amanda N. Foley",
        "John Mackenzie"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Amanda N. Foley; John Mackenzie, DO",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune condition that is characterized by relapsing episodes of acute demyelination within the central nervous system that can lead to neurological deficits The first-line treatment for acute MS exacerbations is intravenous (IV) glucocorticoids, most commonly methylprednisolone",
        "Design/Methods": "We present the case of a 32-year-old woman with a history of infertility who had previously required three rounds of in vitro fertilization (IVF) to conceive. The patient presented with new-onset neurologic and ophthalmologic symptoms consistent with a MS flare. T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed hyperintense lesions consistent with active MS, and the patient was hospitalized for three days for treatment with IV methylprednisone.",
        "Results": "At follow up, the patient reported natural conception following several years of infertility and prior use of in-vitro fertilization six years prior to achieve conception.",
        "Conclusions": "Although steroid-associated fertility changes are not well characterized, this finding suggests that further research is warranted to explore the effects of exogenous glucocorticoids used in MS treatment on ovarian reserves, follicular responses, uterine receptiveness and other factors influencing female fertility.",
        "Disclosures": "Amanda N. Foley: Ms. Foley has or had stock in NIO.Ms. Foley has or had stock in Chargepoint.Ms. Foley has received research support from Kenneth A Suarez Research Fellowship.\nJohn Mackenzie, DO: Dr. Mackenzie has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Although steroid-associated fertility changes are not well characterized, this finding suggests that further research is warranted to explore the effects of exogenous glucocorticoids used in MS treatment on ovarian reserves, follicular responses, uterine receptiveness and other factors influencing female fertility.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65353",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65353",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 174
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65354",
      "source_id": "65354",
      "abstract_number": "1-079",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-079",
      "title": "Clinical Utility of [F18] FDG-PET Imaging in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological IgG4-related Disease",
      "authors": "Akshara Balachandra, MD; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Akshara Balachandra, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Akshara Balachandra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Akshara Balachandra",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Balachandra has received research support from National Institutes of Health."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Kristin M. Galetta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Akshara Balachandra",
        "Kristin M. Galetta"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Stanford University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Akshara Balachandra, MD; Kristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Stanford University",
        "Objective": "To characterize the utility of [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in diagnosing and treating neurological IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD).",
        "Background": "IgG4-RD is an insidious, progressive immune-mediated fibrotic disease that forms tumor-like masses in affected organs. FDG-PET can detect areas of increased metabolic activity from tumors and inflammation, but its role in neurological IgG4-RD is unclear.",
        "Design/Methods": "We compiled a retrospective cohort of all patients from our institution who had a biopsy-proven diagnosis of IgG4-RD, an MRI of the brain and/or spine, and adequate clinical data for review.",
        "Results": "Twenty-seven patients (60% female, median age 55.4 [18-79]) had neurological IgG4-RD spanning dacryoadenitis (N=11), pachymeningitis (N=11), orbital pseudotumor (N=4), spinal pachymeningitis (N=1), hypophysitis (N=1), and intraparenchymal lesions (N=1). Two patients with pachymeningitis were counted twice because they also had dacryoadenitis or intraparenchymal lesions. Nine patients had a lumbar puncture. Pleocytosis (WBC range 9-53, lymphocyte predominant) was present in 3/9 patients, and elevated CSF protein (range 67-111) in 6/9 patients. Serum IgG4 levels were elevated in 4/11 patients with pachymeningitis and in 7/11 patients with dacryoadenitis. Nine patients had FDG-PET scans, of which 4 were negative. Sixteen patients had isolated neurological IgG4-RD by PET and/or CT chest/abdomen/pelvis (pachymeningitis/spinal/intraparenchymal lesions, N=8; dacryoadenitis, N=5; orbital pseudotumor, N=3). Two patients with negative CT imaging had systemic disease activity on PET. PET revealed FDG-avid axillary lymphadenopathy in one patient who had an axillary lymph node biopsy showing IgG4-RD. One patient with pachymeningitis had hypermetabolic dura that guided treatment escalation, while three others with pachymeningitis had negative FDG-PET imaging. Serial FDG-PET scans in one patient showed improvement in FDG-avid lesions following therapy.",
        "Conclusions": "FDG-PET can be a useful tool for assessing areas of active neurologic IgG4-RD with higher sensitivity than CT and for identifying optimal biopsy sites. Furthermore, FDG-PET can assess treatment response and help guide decisions regarding therapy escalation.",
        "Disclosures": "Akshara Balachandra, MD: The institution of Dr. Balachandra has received research support from National Institutes of Health.\nKristin M. Galetta, MD, FAAN: Dr. Galetta has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Speaker with Can Do MS."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "FDG-PET can be a useful tool for assessing areas of active neurologic IgG4-RD with higher sensitivity than CT and for identifying optimal biopsy sites. Furthermore, FDG-PET can assess treatment response and help guide decisions regarding therapy escalation.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Seminar",
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22366",
          "title": "C4 - Neuro-rheumatology",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22366",
          "Date": "Friday 08/07/26",
          "Time": "01:15 PM - 03:00 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, FAAN, Melissa A. Wright, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and neurological complications associated with systemic vasculitis, IgG4-related disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjögren’s syndrome; differentiate key neurological manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and apply appropriate diagnostic strategies to facilitate timely and accurate diagnosis; and evaluate current and emerging treatment approaches for neuro-rheumatologic disorders and integrate evidence-based management strategies into clinical practice.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Medical Knowledge, Practice-based Learning and Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Didactic"
        },
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Friday 08/07/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65354",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65354",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 318
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65355",
      "source_id": "65355",
      "abstract_number": "1-080",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-080",
      "title": "Methotrexate in Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Katherine Jordak, Medical Student; Spencer Hutto, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Katherine Jordak, Medical Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Katherine Jordak, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Katherine Jordak",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Jordak has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Spencer Hutto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Katherine Jordak",
        "Spencer Hutto"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Katherine Jordak, Medical Student; Spencer Hutto, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
        "Objective": "To retrospectively examine the effectiveness of methotrexate monotherapy for neurosarcoidosis using clinical and radiographic data.",
        "Background": "Treatment strategies for neurosarcoidosis remain poorly defined, and the data evaluating the role of methotrexate monotherapy is limited.",
        "Design/Methods": "In this single-center, retrospective analysis, adult patients with neurosarcoidosis were included if they received ≥7.5 mg of methotrexate monotherapy weekly for ≥3 months and had MRI studies performed after ≥3 months of therapy. Clinical disease burden was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale and Expanded Disability Status Scale, and radiographic response was evaluated by comparing pre- and post-treatment MRI findings. Response was defined as 1) clinical and radiographic improvement, 2) clinical stability with radiographic improvement, or 3) clinical improvement with radiographic stability.",
        "Results": "Of 274 patients reviewed, 36 (19 females) met the inclusion criteria. At methotrexate initiation, the average age was 49.3 years, the average disease duration was 37 months, and patients had experienced an average of 1.7 attacks. The most frequent phenotypes included cranial leptomeningitis (16), optic neuritis (12), myelitis (12). Methotrexate was used first-line in 27 patients, with an average peak maintenance dose of 16.6mg weekly. After an average of 36.2 months of monotherapy, clinical and radiographic improvement occurred in 9 and 20 patients, respectively, resulting in 20 (56%) patients being classified as responders. Among phenotypes with ≥5 patients, responders most commonly had spinal leptomeningitis (57%), myelitis (58%), and cranial pachymeningitis (50%), whereas non-responders most commonly had brain parenchymal disease (75%), non-optic cranial neuropathies (60%), optic neuropathy (58%), and cranial leptomeningitis (56%). By the time of the last follow-up of methotrexate use, the average dose of concurrent prednisone was reduced from 31.9mg to 7.1mg daily.",
        "Conclusions": "Methotrexate monotherapy was partially effective for the cohort, noting spinal phenotypes were more likely to respond than cranial ones. These results emphasize the importance of considering phenotypes in treatment decision-making.",
        "Disclosures": "Katherine Jordak, Medical Student: Ms. Jordak has nothing to disclose.\nSpencer Hutto, MD: Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Methotrexate monotherapy was partially effective for the cohort, noting spinal phenotypes were more likely to respond than cranial ones. These results emphasize the importance of considering phenotypes in treatment decision-making.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65355",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65355",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65356",
      "source_id": "65356",
      "abstract_number": "1-081",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-081",
      "title": "Adalimumab for Neurosarcoidosis of the CNS: A Multi-institutional Series",
      "authors": "Danielle Pitter, MD; Avi Singh Gandh, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Joao Vitor Mahler, MD; Bruna Leles Vieira de Souza, MD; Conor Kelly, MD; Shruti P. Agnihotri, MD; Zachery Rohm, MD; Denis T. Balaban, MD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN; Spencer Hutto, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Danielle Pitter",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Avi Singh Gandh, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Avi Singh Gandh",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gandh has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Yoji Hoshina, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Yoji Hoshina",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Joao Vitor Mahler, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Joao Vitor Mahler",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mahler has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Bruna Leles Vieira de Souza, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Bruna Leles Vieira de Souza",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Work",
          "disclosure": "Miss Leles Vieira de Souza has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Conor Kelly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Conor Kelly",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kelly has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Shruti P. Agnihotri, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Shruti P. Agnihotri",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "An immediate family member of Dr. Agnihotri has or had stock in Pfizer. The institution of Dr. Agnihotri has received research support from Roche/ Genentech."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zachery Rohm, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Zachery Rohm",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rohm has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Rohm has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Rohm has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for City of Chicago."
        },
        {
          "name": "Denis T. Balaban, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Denis T. Balaban",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Balaban has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Infucare. Dr. Balaban has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for MedLive. The institution of Dr. Balaban has received research support from ArgenX."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Stacey Clardy",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Utah",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey M. Gelfand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of California, San Francisco",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ventyx Bio. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Vigil Neurosciences. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Steering Committee Chairperson and member with Roche / Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Spencer Hutto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Danielle Pitter",
        "Avi Singh Gandh",
        "Yoji Hoshina",
        "Joao Vitor Mahler",
        "Bruna Leles Vieira de Souza",
        "Conor Kelly",
        "Shruti P. Agnihotri",
        "Zachery Rohm",
        "Denis T. Balaban",
        "Stacey Clardy",
        "Jeffrey M. Gelfand",
        "Spencer Hutto"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Utah Health",
        "Work",
        "University of Utah",
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Utah Health",
        "Work",
        "University of Utah",
        "University of California, San Francisco",
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Danielle Pitter, MD; Avi Singh Gandh, MD; Yoji Hoshina, MD; Joao Vitor Mahler, MD; Bruna Leles Vieira de Souza, MD; Conor Kelly, MD; Shruti P. Agnihotri, MD; Zachery Rohm, MD; Denis T. Balaban, MD; Stacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN; Spencer Hutto, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Utah Health\nWork\nUniversity of Utah\nUniversity of California, San Francisco\nEmory University: Neurology Residency Program",
        "Objective": "To evaluate adalimumab treatment in CNS neurosarcoidosis in a retrospective observational analysis across multiple sites in the United States.",
        "Background": "Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) via infliximab is a foundational treatment for neurosarcoidosis, especially in refractory or disabling cases. Limited evidence exists to guide management decisions beyond infliximab. Adalimumab, a self-injectable TNF-α inhibitor, has been reported as a successful treatment in single cases and small case series.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adult patients with probable or definite neurosarcoidosis treated with adalimumab were included if they received at least 80 mg per month, underwent pre- and post-adalimumab MRIs, and were followed for ≥6 months following drug initiation. If on ≤10 mg prednisone by 6 months of treatment, responsiveness to adalimumab was defined as: 1) clinical improvement with stable or improved MRIs, or 2) clinical stability with improved MRIs.",
        "Results": "Five US academic medical centers provided data for 21 patients: 11/21 male, average age 52.1 years at adalimumab initiation, average neurosarcoidosis disease duration 54.3 months, average 1.8 attacks prior to adalimumab, and average follow-up of 56.4 months since adalimumab initiation. Most common disease locations included: spinal cord parenchyma 9/21, leptomeninges 6/21, brain parenchyma 6/21, cauda equina 5/21, and spinal leptomeninges 5/21. Initial adalimumab dosing was 40 mg every other week in 18/21 and 40 mg weekly in 3/21. Line of treatment for adalimumab was: first 2/21, second 8/21, third 7/21, and fourth 4/21, including use after infliximab in 12/21. Concomitant steroid-sparing immunosuppressants were used in 9/21. Most (18/21, 85.7%) were responsive to adalimumab, except two patients experiencing breakthrough disease and one patient not improving clinically nor radiographically. All responders were on 10 mg daily of prednisone or less, including 14/18 on none at last follow-up.",
        "Conclusions": "Most patients, across a broad array of CNS phenotypes, responded favorably to adalimumab, including those who had previously been treatment refractory.",
        "Disclosures": "Danielle Pitter, MD: Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose.\nAvi Singh Gandh, MD: Dr. Gandh has nothing to disclose.\nYoji Hoshina, MD: Dr. Hoshina has nothing to disclose.\nJoao Vitor Mahler, MD: Dr. Mahler has received research support from The Sumaira Foundation.\nBruna Leles Vieira de Souza, MD: Miss Leles Vieira de Souza has nothing to disclose.\nConor Kelly, MD: Dr. Kelly has nothing to disclose.\nShruti P. Agnihotri, MD: An immediate family member of Dr. Agnihotri has or had stock in Pfizer. The institution of Dr. Agnihotri has received research support from Roche/ Genentech.\nZachery Rohm, MD: Dr. Rohm has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Rohm has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Rohm has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for City of Chicago.\nDenis T. Balaban, MD: Dr. Balaban has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Infucare. Dr. Balaban has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for MedLive. The institution of Dr. Balaban has received research support from ArgenX.\nStacey Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation for serving as an employee of University of Utah Health. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for AstraZeneca/Alexion. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen/Horizon. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Arialys. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Neurology/AAN Publications. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from NIH/NINDS. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from SRNA. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Alexion/AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Clardy has received research support from Kyverna. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a AAN Summer Meeting CoDirector Travel and Lodging with AAN. Dr. Clardy has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Grand Rounds Travel/Lodging/Honoraria with U of Iowa, Miami, Stanford, Barrow, Advent Health Florida, Beaumont Health, CCF, Emory, Penn State Health, Mayo Clinic, Walter Reed.\nJeffrey M. Gelfand, MD, MS, FAAN: Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Arialys. Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Ventyx Bio. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Genentech/Roche. The institution of Dr. Gelfand has received research support from Vigil Neurosciences. An immediate family member of Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care. Dr. Gelfand has a non-compensated relationship as a Trial Steering Committee Chairperson and member with Roche / Genentech that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nSpencer Hutto, MD: Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Most patients, across a broad array of CNS phenotypes, responded favorably to adalimumab, including those who had previously been treatment refractory.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22381",
          "title": "C18 - Neurosarcoidosis",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22381",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Allen J. Aksamit, Jr., MD, FAAN, Denis T. Balaban, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical features of neurosarcoidosis; apply current diagnostic criteria and evaluation strategies for patients with suspected neurosarcoidosis; and select appropriate treatment approaches for neurosarcoidosis based on disease severity and clinical presentation.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice, Quality Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Case-based, Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65356",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65356",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 321
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65357",
      "source_id": "65357",
      "abstract_number": "1-082",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-082",
      "title": "Perivascular Disease in Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Danielle Pitter, MD; Spencer Hutto, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Danielle Pitter, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Danielle Pitter",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Spencer Hutto, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Spencer Hutto",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Danielle Pitter",
        "Spencer Hutto"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Danielle Pitter, MD; Spencer Hutto, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Emory University: Neurology Residency Program",
        "Objective": "To clinically characterize perivascular disease in neurosarcoidosis.",
        "Background": "Granulomas in neurosarcoidosis occur commonly in the perivascular Virchow-Robin spaces and may result in perivascular enhancement on MRI, a finding that has previously been associated with ischemic stroke and intraparenchymal hemorrhage.",
        "Design/Methods": "Adult patients with probable or definite neurosarcoidosis were included if their MRIs demonstrated perivascular enhancement, and their clinical presentations, serum and CSF testing results, MRI findings, treatment responsiveness, and outcomes were examined.",
        "Results": "Sixteen patients were included (average age 41.8 years; 9 female; 13 Black, 2 White, 1 unknown race; 11 probable and 5 definite diagnoses). Perivascular disease was the dominant disease manifestation in 4 patients. Common symptoms included headache (13), extremity numbness (7), memory loss (6), and seizures (5). Perivascular enhancement on MRI most frequently affected the deep medullary veins (13), lenticulostriate arteries (8), and cortical pial vessels (5). Larger cerebral arteries were enhancing in 2. Ischemic stroke and intraparenchymal hemorrhage occurred in 6 and 1 patients, respectively. Co-existing MRI findings included leptomeningitis (12), brain parenchymal disease (9), and cerebral white matter disease (7). CSF was obtained in 13 patients: lymphocytic pleocytosis in 10/10, elevated protein in 12/13, and hypoglycorrhachia in 2/13. Thirteen patients were treated acutely with either IV or oral corticosteroids. Nonsteroidal maintenance treatments were used in sixteen patients, with eight patients requiring 3 or more lines of treatment. The average modified Rankin scale score and Expanded Disability Status Scale score at onset were 0.60 and 1.57, respectively, which worsened to 1.08 and 1.85, respectively, by last follow-up (average follow-up 107 months).",
        "Conclusions": "Perivascular disease in neurosarcoidosis principally affects the deep medullary veins and lenticulostriate arteries and presents with headache, cognitive impairment, and seizures. Disease may be treatment refractory and complicated by ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage.",
        "Disclosures": "Danielle Pitter, MD: Dr. Pitter has nothing to disclose.\nSpencer Hutto, MD: Dr. Hutto has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Perivascular disease in neurosarcoidosis principally affects the deep medullary veins and lenticulostriate arteries and presents with headache, cognitive impairment, and seizures. Disease may be treatment refractory and complicated by ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65357",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65357",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 294
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65358",
      "source_id": "65358",
      "abstract_number": "1-083",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-083",
      "title": "Discontinuation of Infliximab in Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Michelle M. Maher, MD; Ashley T. Lisbeth, PA; Jeffrey Shen; Andrea Mendez Colmenares, MD, PhD; Elijah Lackey, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Michelle M. Maher, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Michelle M. Maher, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michelle M. Maher",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Duke",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Maher has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ashley T. Lisbeth, PA",
          "normalized_name": "Ashley T. Lisbeth, PA",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Duke University Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Lengel has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jeffrey Shen",
          "normalized_name": "Jeffrey Shen",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Jeffrey Shen has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrea Mendez Colmenares, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrea Mendez Colmenares",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mendez Colmenares has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elijah Lackey, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elijah Lackey",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lackey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Lackey has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Lackey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Doximity."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Michelle M. Maher",
        "Ashley T. Lisbeth, PA",
        "Jeffrey Shen",
        "Andrea Mendez Colmenares",
        "Elijah Lackey"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Duke",
        "Duke University Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Duke",
        "Duke University Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Michelle M. Maher, MD; Ashley T. Lisbeth, PA; Jeffrey Shen; Andrea Mendez Colmenares, MD, PhD; Elijah Lackey, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Duke\nDuke University Hospital",
        "Objective": "The objective of this project is to better characterize patients with neurosarcoidosis that discontinue infliximab therapy without disease relapse.",
        "Background": "Neurosarcoidosis is an inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system with a variable clinical course. Many patients have a relapsing remitting or a progressive course of disease. Some patients are treated with infliximab and are eventually able to stop therapy.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients with neurosarcoidosis who received care at Duke University Hospital over a ten-year period (2014-2024) and were treated with infliximab therapy. Eighty patients were initially identified, and 68 patients met inclusion criteria after chart review. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.",
        "Results": "Out of a cohort of 68 patients, 31 discontinued infliximab therapy. Reasons for discontinuation include completion of therapy (15, 48%), adverse events (11, 36%), and ineffective (5, 16%). Among the patients who completed therapy, 3 patients experienced disease relapse prompting resumption of therapy (20% relapse rate), whereas 12 patients remained off infliximab long-term. Within the subgroup of patients that successfully completed therapy without disease relapse, the majority were male (58%) and African American (83%), with an average age at diagnosis of 44.1 years. Most patients were receiving concurrent therapy at the time of infliximab discontinuation (17% methotrexate, 42% prednisone, 33% methotrexate and prednisone, 8% no concurrent therapy), although 3 patients later discontinued all therapy. The average duration of infliximab therapy was 2.7 years (992 days), and the average duration of follow-up since infliximab discontinuation was 4.8 years (1740 days).",
        "Conclusions": "In this cohort of patients with neurosarcoidosis, 12 of 15 patients (80%) who completed infliximab therapy remained relapse-free over an average follow-up of 4.8 years, suggesting that successful discontinuation is achievable in a subset of patients. Individualized care is essential, as some patients may need to remain on infliximab therapy long-term.",
        "Disclosures": "Michelle M. Maher, MD: Dr. Maher has nothing to disclose.\nAshley T. Lisbeth, PA: Ms. Lengel has nothing to disclose.\nJeffrey Shen: Jeffrey Shen has nothing to disclose.\nAndrea Mendez Colmenares, MD, PhD: Dr. Mendez Colmenares has nothing to disclose.\nElijah Lackey, MD: Dr. Lackey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for EMD Serono. Dr. Lackey has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi. Dr. Lackey has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Doximity."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In this cohort of patients with neurosarcoidosis, 12 of 15 patients (80%) who completed infliximab therapy remained relapse-free over an average follow-up of 4.8 years, suggesting that successful discontinuation is achievable in a subset of patients. Individualized care is essential, as some patients may need to remain on infliximab therapy long-term.",
      "session_type": "Poster + Short Abstract Presentation",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session",
        "Seminar"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        },
        {
          "id": "22381",
          "title": "C18 - Neurosarcoidosis",
          "type": "Seminar",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22381",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "02:45 PM - 04:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas E",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented both in-person and online",
          "On Demand": "This program will be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Seminar",
          "Moderator(s)": "Allen J. Aksamit, Jr., MD, FAAN, Denis T. Balaban, MD",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "Learning Objectives": "Participants should be able to recognize the pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical features of neurosarcoidosis; apply current diagnostic criteria and evaluation strategies for patients with suspected neurosarcoidosis; and select appropriate treatment approaches for neurosarcoidosis based on disease severity and clinical presentation.",
          "CME Available": "1.75 CME credits",
          "Core Competencies": "Patient Care & Procedural Skills, Practice-based Learning and Improvement, Systems-based Practice, Quality Improvement",
          "Program Level": "Intermediate",
          "Recommended Audience": "Fellow, Resident, General Neurologist, Specialist Neurologist, Non-neurologist, Advanced Practice Provider, Neurohospitalist, Medical Student",
          "Teaching Styles": "Case-based, Didactic"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65358",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65358",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65359",
      "source_id": "65359",
      "abstract_number": "1-084",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-084",
      "title": "A US Case Series of Acute Encephalopathy with Biphasic Seizures and Restricted Diffusion (AESD)",
      "authors": "Liz C. Ballinger, MD, PhD; Ryan Kammeyer, MD; Andrew Silverman, MD; Dana B. Harrar, MD; Jonathan Santoro, MD; Catherine E. Otten, MD; Varun Kannan, MD; Hanna Retallack, MD, PhD; Mark Wainwright, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jennifer H. Yang, MD; Keith Van Haren, MD; Thomas Rossor, MD, PhD; Kristen Fisher, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Liz C. Ballinger, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Liz C. Ballinger, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Liz C. Ballinger",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Seattle Children's Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ballinger has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ryan Kammeyer, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ryan Kammeyer",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ogborn-Mihm Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received research support from Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center."
        },
        {
          "name": "Andrew Silverman, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Andrew Silverman",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Silverman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Dana B. Harrar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Dana B. Harrar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Harrar has received research support from NIH. Dr. Harrar has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jonathan Santoro, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jonathan Santoro",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for National Down Syndrome Society."
        },
        {
          "name": "Catherine E. Otten, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Catherine E. Otten",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "The institution of Dr. Otten has received research support from CDC."
        },
        {
          "name": "Varun Kannan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Varun Kannan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Emory/CHOA",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Hanna Retallack, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Hanna Retallack",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "No disclosure on file"
        },
        {
          "name": "Mark Wainwright, MD, PhD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Mark Wainwright",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Division of Neurology Seattle Childrens Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Wainwright has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sage Therapeutics."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jennifer H. Yang, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jennifer H. Yang",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation."
        },
        {
          "name": "Keith Van Haren, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Keith Van Haren",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Stanford Univ Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Viking Therapeutics. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bluebirdbio. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Orpheris. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Autobahn. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PRIME, Inc. The institution of Dr. Van Haren has received research support from Minoryx. The institution of Dr. Van Haren has received research support from bluebirdbio. Dr. Van Haren has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Directors with ALD Connect that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Van Haren has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisory Board with United Leukodystrophy Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas Rossor, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas Rossor",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rossor has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kristen Fisher, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Kristen Fisher",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Baylor College of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Liz C. Ballinger",
        "Ryan Kammeyer",
        "Andrew Silverman",
        "Dana B. Harrar",
        "Jonathan Santoro",
        "Catherine E. Otten",
        "Varun Kannan",
        "Hanna Retallack",
        "Mark Wainwright",
        "Jennifer H. Yang",
        "Keith Van Haren",
        "Thomas Rossor",
        "Kristen Fisher"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Seattle Children's Hospital",
        "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
        "Stanford",
        "Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
        "Emory/CHOA",
        "Division of Neurology Seattle Childrens Hospital",
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Stanford Univ Neurology",
        "Baylor College of Medicine"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Seattle Children's Hospital",
        "Childrens Hospital Colorado",
        "Stanford",
        "Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles",
        "Emory/CHOA",
        "Division of Neurology Seattle Childrens Hospital",
        "Rady Childrens Hospital/UCSD",
        "Stanford Univ Neurology",
        "Baylor College of Medicine"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Liz C. Ballinger, MD, PhD; Ryan Kammeyer, MD; Andrew Silverman, MD; Dana B. Harrar, MD; Jonathan Santoro, MD; Catherine E. Otten, MD; Varun Kannan, MD; Hanna Retallack, MD, PhD; Mark Wainwright, MD, PhD, FAAN; Jennifer H. Yang, MD; Keith Van Haren, MD; Thomas Rossor, MD, PhD; Kristen Fisher, DO",
        "Affiliations": "Seattle Children's Hospital\nChildrens Hospital Colorado\nStanford\nDepartment of Neurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles\nEmory/CHOA\nDivision of Neurology Seattle Childrens Hospital\nRady Childrens Hospital/UCSD\nStanford Univ Neurology\nBaylor College of Medicine",
        "Objective": "To understand clinical presentation, interventions, and outcomes among US children diagnosed with acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late restricted diffusion (AESD).",
        "Background": "AESD is a rare but severe neurologic condition for which epidemiologic and management data remain limited. Here we report the largest US case series to date.",
        "Design/Methods": "We conducted a retrospective multicenter case series of children diagnosed with AESD with longitudinal follow-up. Inclusion/diagnostic criteria included diffusion restriction in subcortical white matter, fever, and encephalopathy (Sakuma et al 2024).",
        "Results": "Twenty-five cases (14 female; median age 21 months, range 2-153) from 9 US hospitals are presented. Seventeen (68%) had no significant past medical history; 8 (32%) had a history of seizure or developmental delay. Of the 16 patients with imaging available from day 1-2 of fever onset, 6 (37.5%) did not show emergence of diffusion restriction until after day 3. Seizures were seen in all but one patient, with status epilepticus in 18 (72%) and a biphasic course of seizures in 18 (72%). The median AESD severity score (Tada et al 2015) was 5 (1-7). A triggering infection was identified in 19 patients (76%), with all but one being viral. Seventeen (68%) patients had systemic complications including transaminitis, respiratory failure, shock, acidosis, thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathy. Twenty-three patients (92%) received acute phase immunomodulatory treatments, with methylprednisolone in 22 patients (88%) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in 18 (72%). Eight patients (32%) received escalating immunotherapy including anakinra, tocilizumab, and plasmapheresis. At discharge 17 of 23 patients with available data (73.9%) had moderate disability (mRS ≥3). MRS obtained at discharge, 6 month follow up, and most recent follow up was not predicted by age at presentation, AESD risk score, or immunotherapy regimen.",
        "Conclusions": "Despite aggressive multimodal therapy, AESD carried a high morbidity rate in this cohort of predominantly young and previously healthy children.",
        "Disclosures": "Liz C. Ballinger, MD, PhD: Dr. Ballinger has nothing to disclose.\nRyan Kammeyer, MD: The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Kammeyer has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Ogborn-Mihm Trial Lawyers. The institution of Dr. Kammeyer has received research support from Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center.\nAndrew Silverman, MD: Dr. Silverman has nothing to disclose.\nDana B. Harrar, MD: The institution of Dr. Harrar has received research support from NIH. Dr. Harrar has received publishing royalties from a publication relating to health care.\nJonathan Santoro, MD: Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Cycle Pharma. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Dianthus. Dr. Santoro has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for National Down Syndrome Society.\nCatherine E. Otten, MD: The institution of Dr. Otten has received research support from CDC.\nVarun Kannan, MD: Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose.\nHanna Retallack, MD, PhD: No disclosure on file\nMark Wainwright, MD, PhD, FAAN: Dr. Wainwright has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sage Therapeutics.\nJennifer H. Yang, MD: Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for UCB. Dr. Yang has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for BMJ Case Reports. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Pediatric Epilepsy Research Foundation. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Yang has received research support from Rady Foundation.\nKeith Van Haren, MD: Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Viking Therapeutics. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bluebirdbio. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Orpheris. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Autobahn. Dr. Van Haren has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for PRIME, Inc. The institution of Dr. Van Haren has received research support from Minoryx. The institution of Dr. Van Haren has received research support from bluebirdbio. Dr. Van Haren has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Directors with ALD Connect that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Van Haren has a non-compensated relationship as a Scientific Advisory Board with United Leukodystrophy Foundation that is relevant to AAN interests or activities.\nThomas Rossor, MD, PhD: Dr. Rossor has nothing to disclose.\nKristen Fisher, DO: Dr. Fisher has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Despite aggressive multimodal therapy, AESD carried a high morbidity rate in this cohort of predominantly young and previously healthy children.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65359",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65359",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 300
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65360",
      "source_id": "65360",
      "abstract_number": "1-085",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-085",
      "title": "Movement Disorders Among Patients with Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD; Vera Nemsadze, MD; Amro E. AbuShanab, MBBS",
      "presenting_author": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Mahmoud Elkhooly",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Elkhooly has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Vera Nemsadze, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Vera Nemsadze",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Iashvili childrens hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Nemsadze has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amro E. AbuShanab, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Amro E. AbuShanab",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "SIU Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. AbuShanab has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Mahmoud Elkhooly",
        "Vera Nemsadze",
        "Amro E. AbuShanab"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Iashvili childrens hospital",
        "SIU Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Iashvili childrens hospital",
        "SIU Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD; Vera Nemsadze, MD; Amro E. AbuShanab, MBBS",
        "Affiliations": "Iashvili childrens hospital\nSIU Neurology",
        "Objective": "We analyzed the frequency and types of movement disorders reported in the published literature.",
        "Background": "Neurosarcoidosis is a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis, a multisystem inflammatory granulomatous disease. Movement disorders among this patient population are still underreported. We described the frequency of movement disorders and response to treatment among neurosarcoidosis patients.",
        "Design/Methods": "A comprehensive literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The following keywords were used: movement disorders, tremors, chorea, dystonia, ataxia, myoclonus, nystagmus, and neurosarcoidosis. We considered eleven studies in our analysis.",
        "Results": "A total of 14 patients were included, with a mean age of 42 ± 14.8 years and 50% being female. Ataxia was identified in 85.7% of cases (12 out of 14 patients), while eye movement abnormalities, including nystagmus, saccadic ocular pursuit, and tremors, were present in 14.3% (2 out of 14 patients). Some patients exhibited more than one type of movement disorder. IV methylprednisolone was used in all cases; a TNF-alpha blocker was used in one patient; similarly, azathioprine was used in one case. Most of the patients (85.7%) showed a complete improvement, while 14.3% showed partial improvement.",
        "Conclusions": "Ataxia is considered one of the most common movement disorders among neurosarcoidosis. Clinicians should be aware of this symptomology to consider neurosarcoidosis as a differential diagnosis.",
        "Disclosures": "Mahmoud Elkhooly, MD: Dr. Elkhooly has nothing to disclose.\nVera Nemsadze, MD: Dr. Nemsadze has nothing to disclose.\nAmro E. AbuShanab, MBBS: Dr. AbuShanab has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Ataxia is considered one of the most common movement disorders among neurosarcoidosis. Clinicians should be aware of this symptomology to consider neurosarcoidosis as a differential diagnosis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65360",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65360",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 210
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65361",
      "source_id": "65361",
      "abstract_number": "1-086",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-086",
      "title": "Isolated Parenchymal Neurosarcoidosis with Vascular Involvement Mimicking Granulomatous Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis",
      "authors": "Samir Alkabie, MD, MSc; Zeinab Awada, MD; Asaff Harel, MD; Saeed Asiry, MD; Souhel Najjar, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Samir Alkabie, MD, MSc",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Samir Alkabie, MD, MSc",
          "normalized_name": "Samir Alkabie",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alkabie has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zeinab Awada, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Zeinab Awada",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Staten Island university hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Awada has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Asaff Harel, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Asaff Harel",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Harel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Harel has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Harel has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Expert Institute."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saeed Asiry, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Saeed Asiry",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Asiry has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Souhel Najjar, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Souhel Najjar",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Hofstra University North Shore LIJ School of Medicine Lennox Hill Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Najjar has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Samir Alkabie",
        "Zeinab Awada",
        "Asaff Harel",
        "Saeed Asiry",
        "Souhel Najjar"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Staten Island university hospital",
        "Hofstra University North Shore LIJ School of Medicine Lennox Hill Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Staten Island university hospital",
        "Hofstra University North Shore LIJ School of Medicine Lennox Hill Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Samir Alkabie, MD, MSc; Zeinab Awada, MD; Asaff Harel, MD; Saeed Asiry, MD; Souhel Najjar, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Staten Island university hospital\nHofstra University North Shore LIJ School of Medicine Lennox Hill Hospital",
        "Objective": "We describe three cases of isolated parenchymal sarcoidosis with vascular involvement mimicking granulomatous primary central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis.",
        "Background": "Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic granulomatous inflammatory disorder with neurological involvement in up to 25% of patients in autopsy studies, occasionally without systemic disease. CNS sarcoid granulomas classically involve brain and spinal cord surfaces, particularly basilar meninges, whereas parenchymal disease is less common and often perivascular, extending through Virchow-Robin spaces into adjacent parenchyma with rare vessel wall infiltration. Vascular involvement is uncommon but diagnostically consequential, as granulomatous vessel wall infiltration can produce luminal narrowing or injury, mimicking granulomatous primary CNS vasculitis (PCNSV). This distinction is critical because PCNSV is typically treated with cyclophosphamide-based regimens, whereas neurosarcoidosis often responds to anti-granulomatous therapy, including tumor necrosis factor-α inhibition.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case series.",
        "Results": "Patients presented with headache, acute/subacute encephalopathy, seizures, and/or focal deficits. MRI demonstrated miliary enhancement pattern with diffuse regional white matter T2-hyperintensities; two cases showed deep medullary vein engorgement and enhancement. CSF showed lymphocytic pleocytosis (2/3), elevated protein (2/3), and absent oligoclonal bands (3/3). Brain biopsies revealed perivascular non-necrotizing granulomas with heterogeneous parenchymal involvement and transmural vessel wall infiltration without fibrinoid necrosis, infection, malignancy, or systemic disease on whole-body 18F-FDG-PET/CT. Pathologic morphology favored neurosarcoidosis spreading through Virchow-Robin spaces with secondary vascular involvement rather than primary angiodestructive vasculitis, although granulomatous vasculitis could not be fully excluded as vessel damage can occur at later stages or have patchy distribution. Two patients relapsed on rituximab but achieved sustained steroid-free remission with infliximab after prednisone taper. The third improved clinically with cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids but had persistent perivascular enhancement and an asymptomatic infarct at last follow-up.",
        "Conclusions": "These cases highlight the challenge of distinguishing early isolated parenchymal neurosarcoidosis with vascular involvement from granulomatous PCNSV. Integrated clinicoradiologic-pathologic assessment, disease-specific biomarkers, and pathology-informed diagnostic frameworks are needed to guide diagnosis and treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Samir Alkabie, MD, MSc: Dr. Alkabie has nothing to disclose.\nZeinab Awada, MD: Dr. Awada has nothing to disclose.\nAsaff Harel, MD: Dr. Harel has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon. Dr. Harel has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Harel has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Expert Witness for Expert Institute.\nSaeed Asiry, MD: Dr. Asiry has nothing to disclose.\nSouhel Najjar, MD: Dr. Najjar has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "These cases highlight the challenge of distinguishing early isolated parenchymal neurosarcoidosis with vascular involvement from granulomatous PCNSV. Integrated clinicoradiologic-pathologic assessment, disease-specific biomarkers, and pathology-informed diagnostic frameworks are needed to guide diagnosis and treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65361",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65361",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65362",
      "source_id": "65362",
      "abstract_number": "1-087",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-087",
      "title": "Progression from CLIPPERS to SLIPPERS in a Patient with Uncontrolled Disease",
      "authors": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD; Haatem M. Reda, MD; Nagagopal Venna, MBBS, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Harvard University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Carvajal- Gonzalez has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Haatem M. Reda, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Haatem M. Reda",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Reda has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Nagagopal Venna, MBBS, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Nagagopal Venna",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Massachusetts General Hospital",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Venna has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez",
        "Haatem M. Reda",
        "Nagagopal Venna"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Harvard University",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Harvard University",
        "Massachusetts General Hospital"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD; Haatem M. Reda, MD; Nagagopal Venna, MBBS, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Harvard University\nMassachusetts General Hospital",
        "Objective": "To describe a rare case of CLIPPERS with initial infratentorial findings that later evolved into supratentorial disease consistent with SLIPPERS during poor treatment response.",
        "Background": "Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is a CNS inflammatory disease characterized on MRI by punctate and curvilinear gadolinium ‘peppering’ predominantly involving the brainstem and cerebellum. Patients typically present with subacute gait ataxia, diplopia, dizziness, dysarthria, and nystagmus. Supratentorial lesions may occur; predominant involvement is termed supratentorial lymphocytic inflammation with parenchymal perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (SLIPPERS).",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 74-year-old male with chronic cervicalgia and OSA developed tinnitus and diplopia in 2021. Exam showed left gaze palsy and normal brain MRI. Patient was diagnosed with MRI-negative stroke, improved for three months, then developed ataxia, vertigo, bilateral hypoacusis, and falls requiring readmission. CSF showed elevated protein without pleocytosis and negative infectious, autoimmune, cytologic studies. MRI showed T2 hyperintensities in the brainstem, cerebellar hemispheres, thalami, subcortical white matter. Brain biopsy demonstrated perivascular lymphohistiocytic inflammation without vasculitis, granulomas, or neoplasm, consistent with CLIPPERS. Patient improved with IV steroids, prednisone taper, and methotrexate. After a 3-year stable period, patient developed dizziness, tinnitus, imbalance, cognitive impairment, and phosphenes. MRI showed new enhancing pontine, brainstem, and cerebellar lesions with right posterior corpus callosum infarcts. Vasculitis evaluation and GFAP antibodies were negative. Patient was treated with prednisone and switched to mycophenolate with partial improvement; however, symptoms worsened during tapering and repeat MRI showed progressive supra and infratentorial enhancing lesions involving bilateral basal ganglia, corpus callosum, parieto-occipital, and sensorimotor cortices, consistent with SLIPPERS. He improved after IV steroids and rituximab.",
        "Conclusions": "CLIPPERS is a rare relapsing-remitting CNS disorder with unclear etiopathogenesis, classically involving infratentorial structures. Increasing reports describe a supratentorial variant termed SLIPPERS. This case supports a broader spectrum, suggesting inflammatory progression beyond the pons and cerebellum during uncontrolled disease.",
        "Disclosures": "Alexander Carvajal- Gonzalez, MD, PhD: Dr. Carvajal- Gonzalez has nothing to disclose.\nHaatem M. Reda, MD: Dr. Reda has nothing to disclose.\nNagagopal Venna, MBBS, FAAN: Dr. Venna has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CLIPPERS is a rare relapsing-remitting CNS disorder with unclear etiopathogenesis, classically involving infratentorial structures. Increasing reports describe a supratentorial variant termed SLIPPERS. This case supports a broader spectrum, suggesting inflammatory progression beyond the pons and cerebellum during uncontrolled disease.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65362",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65362",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65363",
      "source_id": "65363",
      "abstract_number": "1-088",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-088",
      "title": "If The Shoe Fits - Two Proposed Cases of Supratentorial Lymphocytic Inflammation with Parenchymal Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids (SLIPPERS)",
      "authors": "Maren Johnson, MS; Ala E. Shaban, MD; Travis R. Kooima, MD; Amanda F. Abuaf, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Maren Johnson, MS",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Maren Johnson, MS",
          "normalized_name": "Maren Johnson",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Johnson has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ala E. Shaban, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ala E. Shaban",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Shaban has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Travis R. Kooima, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Travis R. Kooima",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kooima has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amanda F. Abuaf, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amanda F. Abuaf",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Abuaf has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Maren Johnson",
        "Ala E. Shaban",
        "Travis R. Kooima",
        "Amanda F. Abuaf"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics",
        "University of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics",
        "University of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Maren Johnson, MS; Ala E. Shaban, MD; Travis R. Kooima, MD; Amanda F. Abuaf, MD",
        "Affiliations": "University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics\nUniversity of Wisconsin",
        "Objective": "To present two cases of supratentorial variant of CLIPPERS to expand growing literature on SLIPPERS.",
        "Background": "Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is an inflammatory disorder that presents with MRI enhancing lesions of the pons with corresponding clinical symptoms. To date there have been few published cases of CLIPPERS with supratentorial lesions which have also been steroid responsive with immediate clinical and radiographic worsening upon cessation of steroid therapy. Two patients with supratentorial, steroid responsive lesions are presented to support the growing literature for SLIPPERS as its own clinical entity.",
        "Design/Methods": "Patients received care at tertiary medical center. Two patients were followed for >1 year and >10 years. Patient A initially presented with confusion and fatigue, sleeping >20 hours per day and patient B presented with clumsiness, falls and significant fatigue.",
        "Results": "Both initial MRIs revealed enhancing supratentorial lesions corresponding to clinical presentations. Evaluation included CSF testing for inflammatory, autoimmune and infectious etiologies. Patient A underwent brain biopsy with confirmation of perivascular T-cell lymphocytic infiltration and gliosis with GFAP staining. Patient A was initiated on steroid therapy with rapid clinical and radiographic improvement with immediate clinical worsening upon cessation. Patient A has since been maintained on immunosuppression for almost one year. Patient B did not undergo biopsy but was exquisitely steroid responsive and subsequently switched to steroid sparing immunosuppression with disease remission for >10 years.",
        "Conclusions": "We present tow cases of a disease pattern clinically and radiographically consistent with SLIPPERS with disease activity in the supratentorial region.",
        "Disclosures": "Maren Johnson, MS: Dr. Johnson has nothing to disclose.\nAla E. Shaban, MD: Dr. Shaban has nothing to disclose.\nTravis R. Kooima, MD: Dr. Kooima has nothing to disclose.\nAmanda F. Abuaf, MD: Dr. Abuaf has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We present tow cases of a disease pattern clinically and radiographically consistent with SLIPPERS with disease activity in the supratentorial region.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65363",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65363",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 248
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65364",
      "source_id": "65364",
      "abstract_number": "1-089",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-089",
      "title": "Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease as a Mimic of Stroke and Focal Encephalitis: A Case Report and Longterm Imaging",
      "authors": "Heather Yong, MD; Ronak K. Kapadia, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Heather Yong, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Heather Yong, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Heather Yong",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Alberta Health Services",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Yong has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ronak K. Kapadia, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ronak K. Kapadia",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kapadia has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics/Amgen."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Heather Yong",
        "Ronak K. Kapadia"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Alberta Health Services"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Alberta Health Services"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Heather Yong, MD; Ronak K. Kapadia, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Alberta Health Services",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. Herein we present a case of adult-onset NIID mimicking an acute-stroke, who developed characteristic imaging findings 5 years after initial presentation.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 41-year-old female presented with headache and a right homonymous inferior quadrantanopsia. MRI revealed a left temporo-parietal lesion with T2 FLAIR hyperintensity, cortical edema, and associated regions of cortical/subcortical diffusion restriction. She was treated as a subacute stroke, etiology undetermined. Interval imaging demonstrated multiple new foci of diffusion restriction within the left hemispheric lesion; this pattern of evolution was felt to be atypical for stroke and favored to be focal inflammatory encephalitis. Extensive investigations culminating in mitochondrial DNA/whole exome sequencing were normal. Repeat imaging 5 years after her initial presentation demonstrated new diffusion restriction in the bifrontal corticomedullary region. Given this new imaging finding NIID was considered and ultimately confirmed with skin biopsy.",
        "Conclusions": "NIID is becoming increasingly recognized due to the advent of skin biopsy, and genetic testing for expansion of a trinucleotide (GGC) repeat in the 5' UTR of NOTCH2NLC. The hallmark of NIIDH is symmetric diffusion restriction of the corticomedullary junction, particularly in the frontal and parietal lobes similar to our case. Our study is the first to describe these changes 5 years from symptom onset (changes are characteristically seen within 1-130 days of initial symptoms); we speculate these long-term changes are secondary to ongoing intracellular inclusion body accumulation. Episodic neurologic events (including stroke and encephalitic-like episodes) account for 30% of NIID but are prone to misdiagnosis. Given the advent of new targeted therapies (proof of concept gene-editing technology to repair CGG repeat sequences has been recently demonstrated) it is important to recognize NIID as a mimic of stroke/encephalitis.",
        "Disclosures": "Heather Yong, MD: Dr. Yong has nothing to disclose.\nRonak K. Kapadia, MD: Dr. Kapadia has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Horizon Therapeutics/Amgen."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "NIID is becoming increasingly recognized due to the advent of skin biopsy, and genetic testing for expansion of a trinucleotide (GGC) repeat in the 5' UTR of NOTCH2NLC. The hallmark of NIIDH is symmetric diffusion restriction of the corticomedullary junction, particularly in the frontal and parietal lobes similar to our case.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65364",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65364",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 301
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65365",
      "source_id": "65365",
      "abstract_number": "1-090",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-090",
      "title": "Cortical Hypometabolism Associated with Neurocognitive disorder and Thyroid Antibodies (CHANT Syndrome)",
      "authors": "Athena Dao, MD; Sam Hooshmand, DO; Elise Johnson, MD; Kaylan Fenton; Kayla Grundman, CRC; Samantha O'Dell, BA, CRC; Saad Ali, MD; Christopher Kleefisch, MD; Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD",
      "presenting_author": "Athena Dao, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Athena Dao, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Athena Dao",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Dao has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sam Hooshmand, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Sam Hooshmand",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medical College of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen . The institution of Dr. Hooshmand has received research support from Novartis ."
        },
        {
          "name": "Elise Johnson, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Elise Johnson",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Johnson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Johnson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kaylan Fenton",
          "normalized_name": "Kaylan Fenton",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Fenton has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kayla Grundman, CRC",
          "normalized_name": "Kayla Grundman, CRC",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Grundman has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Samantha O'Dell, BA, CRC",
          "normalized_name": "Samantha O'Dell",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. O'Dell has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Saad Ali, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Saad Ali",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Christopher Kleefisch, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Christopher Kleefisch",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kleefisch has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD",
          "normalized_name": "Ahmed Z. Obeidat",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Medical College of Wisconsin",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon pharmaceuticals . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Banner life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi/genzyme. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NMSS and PCORI. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert opinion and key opinion leader with MJH life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Faculty Speaker with CMSC. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board member with CMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with IJMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Reviewer Editor with Frontiers Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee Member with National MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Athena Dao",
        "Sam Hooshmand",
        "Elise Johnson",
        "Kaylan Fenton",
        "Kayla Grundman, CRC",
        "Samantha O'Dell",
        "Saad Ali",
        "Christopher Kleefisch",
        "Ahmed Z. Obeidat"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Medical College of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Medical College of Wisconsin"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Athena Dao, MD; Sam Hooshmand, DO; Elise Johnson, MD; Kaylan Fenton; Kayla Grundman, CRC; Samantha O'Dell, BA, CRC; Saad Ali, MD; Christopher Kleefisch, MD; Ahmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD",
        "Affiliations": "Medical College of Wisconsin",
        "Objective": "To characterize clinical and imaging findings using 18F-FDG PET scans in patients with subacute neurocognitive decline, which demonstrate similar patterns of multifocal cortical hypometabolism.",
        "Background": "Reversible neurocognitive disorders remain poorly understood, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. These disorders are often characterized by variable neuropsychiatric presentations, grossly normal magnetic resonance imaging, nonspecific findings on cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and electroencephalography that may reveal nonspecific generalized slowing. As a result, they remain controversial with unclear pathogenesis and limited objective biomarkers. Herein, we report on patients with subacute neurocognitive decline and a novel constellation of findings characterized by a regional pattern of multifocal cortical hypometabolism on brain FDG-PET in addition to consistent blood biomarkers.",
        "Design/Methods": "This retrospective case series includes seven patients presenting with subacute neurocognitive decline and elevated thyroid antibodies. Results of brain 18F-FDG PET were compared to identify shared features of metabolic patterns.",
        "Results": "Mean age 47 ±6.52, 6 female, 1 male. All presented with neurocognitive syndrome with elevation of thyroglobulin or thyroid peroxidase antibodies or both. Three were initially diagnosed with functional neurological disorders. All showed relative hypometabolism on FDG-PET: temporal (100%), parietal (57%), prefrontal (43%), cingulate (14%), precuneus (14%), and occipital (14%) cortices. Often, radiology interpreted the findings as consistent with Alzheimer’s disease pattern. Following immunomodulation (steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, or rituximab), all patients clinically improved, and 2/2 patients who had repeated FDG-PET showed improved metabolism.",
        "Conclusions": "We describe a novel subset of patients with consistent clinical and radiological patterns with response to immunomodulation. We propose calling this subset CHANT Syndrome: Cortical Hypometabolism Associated with Neurocognitive disorder and Thyroid antibodies. Our findings highlight the importance of utilizing brain FDG-PET as a biomarker to detect multifocal cortical hypometabolism in patients presenting with subacute neurocognitive syndrome. Recognition of this pattern may facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment. Future studies are needed to understand the pathophysiology of this neuroinflammatory disorder.",
        "Disclosures": "Athena Dao, MD: Dr. Dao has nothing to disclose.\nSam Hooshmand, DO: Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genetech USA. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Hooshmand has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen . The institution of Dr. Hooshmand has received research support from Novartis .\nElise Johnson, MD: Dr. Johnson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech. Dr. Johnson has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Sanofi.\nKaylan Fenton: Ms. Fenton has nothing to disclose.\nKayla Grundman, CRC: Miss Grundman has nothing to disclose.\nSamantha O'Dell, BA, CRC: Mrs. O'Dell has nothing to disclose.\nSaad Ali, MD: Dr. Ali has nothing to disclose.\nChristopher Kleefisch, MD: Dr. Kleefisch has nothing to disclose.\nAhmed Z. Obeidat, MD, PhD: Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Novartis . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sanofi/Genzyme . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for Horizon pharmaceuticals . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for Sandoz. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Alexion. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $100,000-$499,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Banner life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Sanofi/genzyme. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Horizon therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Amgen. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for TG Therapeutics . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for AstraZeneca. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Obeidat has received research support from NMSS and PCORI. Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Expert opinion and key opinion leader with MJH life sciences . Dr. Obeidat has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as a Faculty Speaker with CMSC. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board member with CMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Editorial Board Member with IJMSC that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Reviewer Editor with Frontiers Neurology that is relevant to AAN interests or activities. Dr. Obeidat has a non-compensated relationship as a Board of Trustee Member with National MS Society that is relevant to AAN interests or activities."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "We describe a novel subset of patients with consistent clinical and radiological patterns with response to immunomodulation. We propose calling this subset CHANT Syndrome: Cortical Hypometabolism Associated with Neurocognitive disorder and Thyroid antibodies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65365",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65365",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65366",
      "source_id": "65366",
      "abstract_number": "1-091",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-091",
      "title": "When Granulomas Meet Aquaporin-4: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Necrotizing Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD; Sulafa G. Saffarini, MD; Ayush Gupta, MD; Rana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN",
      "presenting_author": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Nebraska Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Arcot Jayagopal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sulafa G. Saffarini, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sulafa G. Saffarini",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "university of nebraska medical center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saffarini has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ayush Gupta, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ayush Gupta",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Rana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN",
          "normalized_name": "Rana K. Zabad",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "University of Nebraska Medical Center",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene/BMS. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva Neurosciences. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Teva. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Adamas. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Sun Pharma. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Parexel & MedDay Pharmaceuticals."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal",
        "Sulafa G. Saffarini",
        "Ayush Gupta",
        "Rana K. Zabad"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Nebraska Medical Center",
        "university of nebraska medical center"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Nebraska Medical Center",
        "university of nebraska medical center"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD; Sulafa G. Saffarini, MD; Ayush Gupta, MD; Rana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN",
        "Affiliations": "Nebraska Medical Center\nuniversity of nebraska medical center",
        "Objective": "To report a case of probable neurosarcoidosis with atypical necrotizing granulomatous inflammation and coexisting aquaporin-4 antibody positivity.",
        "Background": "Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis of the CNS is rare, and coexistence with anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies is exceedingly uncommon. Research focuses on each disorder separately, and no clear management guidelines exist, creating a practice gap in diagnosis and treatment.",
        "Design/Methods": "We describe a 60-year-old African American female who initially presented with progressive numbness, tingling, and pain in the feet, evolving into bilateral leg weakness, right foot drop, gait instability, and recurrent falls. Examination revealed bilateral optic disc pallor and saccadic intrusions, right-predominant leg weakness, generalized hyperreflexia, bilateral positive Hoffman signs, wide-based gait, and impaired coordination. Brain MRI showed multiple punctate enhancing foci in the posterior fossa. Spine MRI revealed multifocal leptomeningeal enhancement throughout the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions, while whole-body PET demonstrated tracer uptake in the spinal canal and pelvic and inguinal lymph nodes. CSF analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis (95 WBC/µL, 88% lymphocytes), hypoglycorrhachia (20 mg/dL; normal 40-70), elevated protein (197 mg/dL; normal 15-45), markedly increased IgG synthesis rate (232 mg/day; normal 0-8), elevated IgG index (1.49; normal 0.3-0.7), and 11 CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands; infectious and autoimmune panels were negative. Inguinal lymph node biopsy demonstrated focally caseating granulomatous inflammation concerning for atypical necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis, probable neurosarcoidosis. Unexpectedly, serum aquaporin-4 IgG antibody was strongly positive at 1:1280 via cell-based assay. The patient received high-dose corticosteroids with partial improvement, and recurrent deficits prompted initiation of Rituximab therapy, resulting in clinical benefit.",
        "Results": "NA",
        "Conclusions": "The presence of anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies may indicate autoimmunity in CNS sarcoidosis, though coexistence is exceedingly rare. Recognizing this overlap is critical, as it impacts diagnosis and treatment in complex neuroinflammatory disorders. Rituximab is a plausible therapeutic option due to its off-label use and reported benefit in targeting both NMOSD and refractory sarcoidosis.",
        "Disclosures": "Lakshman N. Arcot Jayagopal, MD: Dr. Arcot Jayagopal has nothing to disclose.\nSulafa G. Saffarini, MD: Dr. Saffarini has nothing to disclose.\nAyush Gupta, MD: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose.\nRana K. Zabad, MD, FAAN: Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Bayer. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Biogen. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Celgene/BMS. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Genzyme. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Merck Serono. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Teva Neurosciences. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Teva. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Novartis. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Zabad has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Adamas. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Biogen. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Novartis. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Sun Pharma. The institution of Dr. Zabad has received research support from Parexel & MedDay Pharmaceuticals."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "The presence of anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies may indicate autoimmunity in CNS sarcoidosis, though coexistence is exceedingly rare. Recognizing this overlap is critical, as it impacts diagnosis and treatment in complex neuroinflammatory disorders. Rituximab is a plausible therapeutic option due to its off-label use and reported benefit in targeting both NMOSD and refractory sarcoidosis.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65366",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65366",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65367",
      "source_id": "65367",
      "abstract_number": "1-092",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-092",
      "title": "Clinical-radiographic Dissociation in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related Inflammation",
      "authors": "Madison Sullivan, Medical Student; Sisi Xu, DO; Courtney Huval, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Madison Sullivan, Medical Student",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Madison Sullivan, Medical Student",
          "normalized_name": "Madison Sullivan",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Ms. Sullivan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sisi Xu, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Sisi Xu",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Xu has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Courtney Huval, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Courtney Huval",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Huval has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Madison Sullivan",
        "Sisi Xu",
        "Courtney Huval"
      ],
      "affiliations": [],
      "normalized_institutions": [],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Madison Sullivan, Medical Student; Sisi Xu, DO; Courtney Huval, MD",
        "Objective": "To describe clinical-radiographic dissociation in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) and considerations for surveillance imaging to detect subclinical neuroinflammation during immunosuppressant therapy.",
        "Background": "CAA-ri is an immune-mediated response to vascular β-amyloid deposition, typically demonstrating concordant clinical and radiographic improvement with corticosteroids. The significance of radiographic progression in the absence of clinical decline remains unclear, particularly during transition to maintenance immunosuppression.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report.",
        "Results": "A 68-year-old male with HTN, HLD, and T2DM presented with subacute cognitive decline and was diagnosed with CAA-ri based on clinical and MRI findings. He was treated with corticosteroids, followed by transition to mycophenolate mofetil due to a relapsing course. He demonstrated marked clinical improvement with progressive cognitive recovery (MoCA 13→19→27) and return to near-baseline function. Two months after steroid taper and approximately four months into mycophenolate therapy, surveillance MRI demonstrated new right frontal and temporal vasogenic edema. Despite these findings, he remained neurologically asymptomatic with continued cognitive improvement, consistent with clinical-radiographic dissociation. Given concern for ongoing subclinical inflammation and delayed time to efficacy of steroid-sparing therapy, corticosteroids were reinitiated while continuing mycophenolate. The patient remains clinically stable with planned serial imaging and close follow-up.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights clinical-radiographic dissociation in CAA-ri, suggesting that radiographic progression can occur due to subclinical neuroinflammation. These findings support the role of surveillance MRI in clinically stable patients and emphasize the need to individualize treatment decisions based on both clinical and radiographic disease. Further studies are needed to define biomarkers and optimal monitoring strategies during maintenance immunosuppression.",
        "Disclosures": "Madison Sullivan, Medical Student: Ms. Sullivan has nothing to disclose.\nSisi Xu, DO: Dr. Xu has nothing to disclose.\nCourtney Huval, MD: Dr. Huval has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights clinical-radiographic dissociation in CAA-ri, suggesting that radiographic progression can occur due to subclinical neuroinflammation. These findings support the role of surveillance MRI in clinically stable patients and emphasize the need to individualize treatment decisions based on both clinical and radiographic disease.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65367",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65367",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 246
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65368",
      "source_id": "65368",
      "abstract_number": "1-093",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-093",
      "title": "Neuro-Behçet’s Disease with an Atypical CSF Profile",
      "authors": "Damlanur Kaval, MD; Thomas F. Scott, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Damlanur Kaval, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Damlanur Kaval, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Damlanur Kaval",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Kaval has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Thomas F. Scott, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Thomas F. Scott",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "AHN Neurology",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genzyme-Sanofi. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Serono. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genzyme."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Damlanur Kaval",
        "Thomas F. Scott"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "AHN Neurology"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "AHN Neurology"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Damlanur Kaval, MD; Thomas F. Scott, MD",
        "Affiliations": "AHN Neurology",
        "Objective": "To describe a rare case of parenchymal Neuro-Behçet’s Disease (NBD) with hypoglycorrhachia",
        "Background": "Behçet’s disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder that can infrequently involve the nervous system. Central nervous system manifestations are classified as parenchymal or non-parenchymal, with the parenchymal form being more common. Parenchymal neuro-Behçet’s disease (NBD) predominantly affects the brainstem, particularly the midbrain and upper pons. We present a case of parenchymal NBD with an unusual cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profile.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report",
        "Results": "A 33-year-old woman with Behçet’s disease on infliximab infusions presented with one week of slurred speech, diplopia, and imbalance. Brain MRI demonstrated enhancement and concentric narrowing of the basilar artery with diffusion restriction in the pons. CSF analysis revealed pleocytosis (270 cells/µL, 85% lymphocytes), elevated protein (80 mg/dL), and markedly low glucose (25 mg/dL; serum glucose 104 mg/dL). Given concern for parenchymal NBD, she received intravenous methylprednisolone 1 g daily for five days. Due to the low CSF glucose and her immunosuppressed state, tuberculous meningitis was also considered. CSF acid-fast bacillus culture was negative, and CSF adenosine deaminase levels were within normal limits. The disease course, absence of fever or meningeal signs, and degree of pleocytosis and protein elevation were consistent with an inflammatory etiology. The patient showed marked clinical improvement after high-dose steroid therapy and was discharged on an oral steroid taper with an increased infliximab dose.",
        "Conclusions": "In parenchymal NBD, CSF typically shows pleocytosis with elevated protein and normal glucose levels. Although some studies have reported mildly reduced CSF glucose in both acute and chronic NBD compared to non-NBD, values generally remain within normal limits, and markedly low CSF glucose is exceedingly rare. Tuberculous meningitis is a common mimicker of NBD with similar imaging features and should be carefully ruled out, particularly in immunosuppressed patients or those receiving anti-TNF therapy.",
        "Disclosures": "Damlanur Kaval, MD: Dr. Kaval has nothing to disclose.\nThomas F. Scott, MD: Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genzyme-Sanofi. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Serono. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genentech. Dr. Scott has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Genzyme."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "In parenchymal NBD, CSF typically shows pleocytosis with elevated protein and normal glucose levels. Although some studies have reported mildly reduced CSF glucose in both acute and chronic NBD compared to non-NBD, values generally remain within normal limits, and markedly low CSF glucose is exceedingly rare.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65368",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65368",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 302
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65369",
      "source_id": "65369",
      "abstract_number": "1-094",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-094",
      "title": "Bilateral Thalamic-predominant SLIPPERS Presenting as Subacute Encephalopathy",
      "authors": "Arman Saied, MD; Amy J. Lin, MD; Anusha Akhai, MD, MBBS; Scott M. Belliston, DO",
      "presenting_author": "Arman Saied, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Arman Saied, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Arman Saied",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Saied has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Amy J. Lin, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Amy J. Lin",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Sanford Health",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Anusha Akhai, MD, MBBS",
          "normalized_name": "Anusha Akhai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Akhai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Scott M. Belliston, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Scott M. Belliston",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Sanford",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Belliston has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Arman Saied",
        "Amy J. Lin",
        "Anusha Akhai",
        "Scott M. Belliston"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program",
        "Sanford Health",
        "Sanford"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program",
        "Sanford Health",
        "Sanford"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Arman Saied, MD; Amy J. Lin, MD; Anusha Akhai, MD, MBBS; Scott M. Belliston, DO",
        "Affiliations": "University of North Dakota, Neurology Residency Program\nSanford Health\nSanford",
        "Objective": "To describe a case of supratentorial lymphocytic inflammation with parenchymal perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (SLIPPERS) presenting as isolated subacute cognitive changes with radiographic bilateral thalamic-predominant involvement.",
        "Background": "SLIPPERS is a rare, recently characterized inflammatory syndrome with radiologic and pathologic overlap with chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Fewer than twenty cases of SLIPPERS have been reported, and its full clinical and imaging spectrum remains incompletely defined.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A previously independent man in his late 60s presented with 2 months of progressive short-term memory loss, disorientation, and executive dysfunction, eventually requiring hospitalization. Neurologic examination showed isolated cognitive deficits without other focal neurological deficits. MRI demonstrated asymmetric bilateral thalamic T2/FLAIR hyperintensities extending to the superior colliculi/tectal plate and periaqueductal gray with patchy enhancement, as well as susceptibility changes consistent with microhemorrhages. Cerebrospinal fluid studies showed mildly elevated protein with otherwise unrevealing profile, including unremarkable glucose, cell count, meningitis/encephalitis panel, gram stain/culture, or flow cytometry. Broad serum infectious, inflammatory, and metabolic workup was unrevealing. Given clinical concern for SLIPPERS, he was treated with pulse-dose methylprednisolone followed by a prolonged oral prednisone taper, with rapid clinical improvement during hospitalization and continued recovery thereafter. At outpatient follow-up, family reported return to near-baseline cognition, with repeat MRI demonstrating interval normalization. He was subsequently transitioned to mycophenolatemofetil as a steroid-sparing agent.",
        "Conclusions": "SLIPPERS is a rare steroid-responsive inflammatory disorder with few reported cases in the literature. Prior descriptions include seizures, headache, hemiparesis, and cognitive dysfunction with punctate or curvilinear perivascular enhancement. This case expands the radiographic spectrum by demonstrating bilateral thalamic-predominant deep gray involvement with tectal/periaqueductal extension, as well as microhemorrhagic changes. Clinically, it highlights isolated cognitive decline without additional focal deficits as a presenting feature. Overall, this case contributes to defining the broader clinical and radiographic spectrum of SLIPPERS.",
        "Disclosures": "Arman Saied, MD: Dr. Saied has nothing to disclose.\nAmy J. Lin, MD: Dr. Lin has nothing to disclose.\nAnusha Akhai, MD, MBBS: Dr. Akhai has nothing to disclose.\nScott M. Belliston, DO: Dr. Belliston has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Genentech."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "SLIPPERS is a rare steroid-responsive inflammatory disorder with few reported cases in the literature. Prior descriptions include seizures, headache, hemiparesis, and cognitive dysfunction with punctate or curvilinear perivascular enhancement.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65369",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65369",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 303
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65370",
      "source_id": "65370",
      "abstract_number": "1-095",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-095",
      "title": "A Fascinating Case of CHANTERS Syndrome with Pain Medication",
      "authors": "Sahithi Avva; Divyanshu Chopra, MD; Abdul Rahman Alchaki, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Sahithi Avva",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Sahithi Avva",
          "normalized_name": "Sahithi Avva",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist",
          "disclosure": "Sahithi Avva has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Divyanshu Chopra, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Divyanshu Chopra",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Chopra has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Abdul Rahman Alchaki, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Abdul Rahman Alchaki",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Houston Methodist",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Alchaki has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Sahithi Avva",
        "Divyanshu Chopra",
        "Abdul Rahman Alchaki"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Houston Methodist"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Houston Methodist"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Sahithi Avva; Divyanshu Chopra, MD; Abdul Rahman Alchaki, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Houston Methodist",
        "Objective": "NA",
        "Background": "CHANTER syndrome exhibits a typical pattern of clinical and radiologic findings, which include symmetric diffusion restriction in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and basal ganglia, particularly Globus pallidus (GP). Cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter are usually not involved and the distribution of diffusion restriction does not follow a specific vascular territory, differentiating from other causes. Cerebral edema can progress to cause obstructive hydrocephalous and herniation. Here, we report an instance of CHANTER syndrome where the cause was pain medication rather than substance abuse.",
        "Design/Methods": "Case report with electronic medical record review",
        "Results": "A 68-year-old woman presented for acute encephalopathy characterized by perseveration, disorientation accompanied by occipital headache and photosensitivity. Of note, she recently started opioid and barbiturate pain medication for chronic back pain. Neurological exam noted disorientation to time and difficulty following complex commands; the rest of the exam, including Kernig's and Brudzinski's, was unremarkable. A CT scan of the head without contrast revealed symmetric hypodensity in the bilateral GP, without signs of hydrocephalus or edema. CTA head/neck was negative for significant vessel stenosis. The drug screen was positive for cannabis and opiates. MRI of the brain with and without contrast noted symmetric diffusion restriction in the GP, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Rest of the workup, including spinal tap, carboxy Hb, and continuous EEG, was unremarkable. She improved clinically with conservative management, and a follow-up MRI of the brain in three months noted resolution of findings.",
        "Conclusions": "CHANTERS syndrome is associated with severe edema, hydrocephalus, and herniation; thus, it is critical to recognise characteristic radiological findings regardless of history of illicit drug abuse for prompt recognition. The prognosis is favourable despite the severe presentation, particularly with early treatment.",
        "Disclosures": "Sahithi Avva: Sahithi Avva has nothing to disclose.\nDivyanshu Chopra, MD: Dr. Chopra has nothing to disclose.\nAbdul Rahman Alchaki, MD: Dr. Alchaki has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "CHANTERS syndrome is associated with severe edema, hydrocephalus, and herniation; thus, it is critical to recognise characteristic radiological findings regardless of history of illicit drug abuse for prompt recognition. The prognosis is favourable despite the severe presentation, particularly with early treatment.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65370",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65370",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 275
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65371",
      "source_id": "65371",
      "abstract_number": "1-096",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-096",
      "title": "Epstein-Barr Virus as an Underrecognized Trigger of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Case Report",
      "authors": "Cole M. Cimoch; Sarang Perumal, MD; Jay Desai, BS; Natanya Mishal, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Cole M. Cimoch",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Cole M. Cimoch",
          "normalized_name": "Cole M. Cimoch",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Cimoch has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sarang Perumal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Sarang Perumal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Perumal has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jay Desai, BS",
          "normalized_name": "Jay Desai",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mr. Desai has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Natanya Mishal, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Natanya Mishal",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Neuro Network Partners",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Mishal has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Cole M. Cimoch",
        "Sarang Perumal",
        "Jay Desai",
        "Natanya Mishal"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Neuro Network Partners"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Neuro Network Partners"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Cole M. Cimoch; Sarang Perumal, MD; Jay Desai, BS; Natanya Mishal, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Neuro Network Partners",
        "Objective": "To present Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) as a less common trigger for Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM).",
        "Background": "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system of children, which is typically preceded by an infectious illness or vaccination. Frequently, no specific pathogen is identified despite a clear infectious prodrome. When identified, common infectious triggers in vaccinated patients include Influenza A/B, Mycoplasma Pneumoniae , and Varicella Zoster Virus.",
        "Design/Methods": "Not applicable.",
        "Results": "A 6-year-old fully vaccinated female presented with 3 weeks of progressively worsening headaches, followed by gait instability, dysarthria and emesis. Her parent reported no recent illness, vaccination, or travel history. Neurologic examination was notable for truncal ataxia, dysmetria, scanning dysarthria, and ten cafe au lait spots. MRI of the brain and spine demonstrated diffuse asymmetric supratentorial, infratentorial, cervical, and thoracic white matter FLAIR hyperintensities and cerebellar grey matter lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF) revealed mild pleocytosis (16 cells/µL) with lymphocytic predominance and elevated protein (69 mg/dL). Infectious evaluation was remarkable for serum Epstein-Barr virus titer indicative of recent infection (IgG >1:160, IgM <1:10). CSF PCR panel, culture, and urine cytomegalovirus were negative. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies, aquaporin-4 antibodies, autoimmune encephalitis panel, and genetic neurofibromatosis panel were negative. Ophthalmic evaluation did not show evidence of optic neuritis. The patient subsequently became encephalopathic over the course of the admission. The patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone (30mg/kg for 5 days) and intravenous immunoglobulin (2g/kg divided over 2 days), with improvements in cognition, gait, and speech. She was discharged on an oral prednisone taper, and a neurology follow-up was scheduled in four weeks.",
        "Conclusions": "This case highlights EBV as an infrequent trigger of ADEM. EBV serology should be considered even without a clear infectious prodrome. Timely diagnosis of ADEM guides initiation of early immunotherapy and may optimize the potential for neurologic recovery.",
        "Disclosures": "Cole M. Cimoch: Mr. Cimoch has nothing to disclose.\nSarang Perumal, MD: Dr. Perumal has nothing to disclose.\nJay Desai, BS: Mr. Desai has nothing to disclose.\nNatanya Mishal, MD: Dr. Mishal has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "This case highlights EBV as an infrequent trigger of ADEM. EBV serology should be considered even without a clear infectious prodrome. Timely diagnosis of ADEM guides initiation of early immunotherapy and may optimize the potential for neurologic recovery.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65371",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65371",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 306
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65372",
      "source_id": "65372",
      "abstract_number": "1-097",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-097",
      "title": "A Rare Neuroinflammatory Overlap: Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis and Longitudinal Transverse Myelitis as a Possible Manifestation of Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Lydia Ta, Medical Student (DO); Sabeen Wazir, OMS-I; Grace Lee, DO; Ariel Antezana, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Lydia Ta, Medical Student (DO)",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Lydia Ta, Medical Student (DO)",
          "normalized_name": "Lydia Ta",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Ta has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Sabeen Wazir, OMS-I",
          "normalized_name": "Sabeen Wazir, OMS-I",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Wazir has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Grace Lee, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Grace Lee",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Miss Lee has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Ariel Antezana, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Ariel Antezana",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "NeuroMedical clinic of cenla",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Lydia Ta",
        "Sabeen Wazir, OMS-I",
        "Grace Lee",
        "Ariel Antezana"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "NeuroMedical clinic of cenla"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "NeuroMedical clinic of cenla"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Lydia Ta, Medical Student (DO); Sabeen Wazir, OMS-I; Grace Lee, DO; Ariel Antezana, MD",
        "Affiliations": "NeuroMedical clinic of cenla",
        "Objective": "Hypertrophic pachymeningitis in conjunction with transverse myelitis is a rare inflammatory disease process that includes diffuse thickening of the dura mater and transverse myelitis. Neurosarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of the nervous system typically associatied with systemic sarcoidosis, leading to neurological manifestations affecting the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, meninges, and peripheral nerves. Here, we present a unique case of transverse myelitis and hypertrophic pachymeningitis for possible consideration of neurosarcoidosis in the absence of systemic sarcoidosis symptoms.",
        "Background": "We present a 42 year old male presenting with a chief complaint of tingling and paresthesia in his upper extremities that are more pronounced with exercise. Neurologic exam was notable for a mild right sided paretic gait. MRI of the thoracic spine revealed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis spanning multiple spinal levels from C7-T2 while brain MRI showed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement without parenchymal lesions. Differential diagnoses (DDx) included neuromyelitis optica, neurosyphilis, vasculitis, and idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis. HIV, syphilis, aquaporin-4 IgG, and MOG antibody testing were negative. CSF analysis revealed a mildly elevated ACE level of 3.2 (normal limit: 0.0-2.5U/L) however, serum ACE levels and chest CT did not reveal granulomatous disease. Planned meningeal biopsy was not performed due to scheduling constraints. Follow up brain MRI showed resolution of the pachymeningitis while thoracic cord T2 hyperintensity persisted. Due to presumptive neurosarcoidosis, oral prednisone 20 mg PO daily was started with stable neurologic symptoms at last follow up.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "N/A",
        "Conclusions": "Hypertrophic pachymeningitis in conjunction with longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (HP) is exceedingly rare, with current knowledge derived primarily from isolated case reports and small case series. HP/TM in neurosarcoidosis has rarely been reported and presented as a confounding factor in this patient. We hope this case expands the differential diagnoses for patients presenting with pachymeningitis and adds to the limited literature on this phenomenon.",
        "Disclosures": "Lydia Ta, Medical Student (DO): Miss Ta has nothing to disclose.\nSabeen Wazir, OMS-I: Miss Wazir has nothing to disclose.\nGrace Lee, DO: Miss Lee has nothing to disclose.\nAriel Antezana, MD: Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for TG Therapeutics. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for BMS. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for EMD Serono. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for BMS. Dr. Antezana has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Biogen."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Hypertrophic pachymeningitis in conjunction with longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (HP) is exceedingly rare, with current knowledge derived primarily from isolated case reports and small case series. HP/TM in neurosarcoidosis has rarely been reported and presented as a confounding factor in this patient.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65372",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65372",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 305
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65373",
      "source_id": "65373",
      "abstract_number": "1-098",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-098",
      "title": "Idiopathic Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis: Diagnosis of Exclusion",
      "authors": "Michael J. McGill, MD; Jerilyn Summay, MD; Kelli Manikowski, DO; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Michael J. McGill, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Michael J. McGill, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Michael J. McGill",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. McGill has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerilyn Summay, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jerilyn Summay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Summay has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Kelli Manikowski, DO",
          "normalized_name": "Kelli Manikowski",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Mrs. Manikowski has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Indiana University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Michael J. McGill",
        "Jerilyn Summay",
        "Kelli Manikowski",
        "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Michael J. McGill, MD; Jerilyn Summay, MD; Kelli Manikowski, DO; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Indiana University",
        "Objective": "We describe a case demonstrating the importance of early dural biopsy in cases of hypertrophic pachymeningitis in a patient with aggressive disease course refractory to multiple immunosuppressive therapies.",
        "Background": "Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare but increasingly encountered neurologic disorder characterized by either focal or diffuse pachymeningeal thickening. The differential for this process is extensive but includes numerous treatable causes with emerging pharmacologic management options, including newly approved therapy for IgG4 related disease.",
        "Design/Methods": "N/A",
        "Results": "A 17-year-old female presented after months of worsening headaches, right homonymous hemianopia, and seizure. Brain MRI revealed extensive pachymeningeal thickening suggestive of hypertrophic pachymeningitis. With unremarkable serologic, rheumatologic, and CSF evaluations, dural biopsy was performed with pathology revealing mixed chronic inflammatory infiltrates including lymphocytes and macrophages leading to subsequent diagnosis of idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP). Repeat brain MRI revealed progressive hypertrophy, despite treatment with oral steroids. Additional immunosuppressive treatment with pulse steroids, methotrexate, and azathioprine were administered, but her condition progressed, causing complete left eye vision loss before initiation of rituximab. Given recent FDA approval for disease modifying therapy targeting IgG4 related disease and recalcitrant disease course, the patient underwent repeat dural biopsy to evaluate for candidacy of targeted immune modulating therapy. Unfortunately, there was no evidence of IgG4 related disease, solidifying the diagnosis of IHP.",
        "Conclusions": "Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare neurologic disorder that can be secondary to numerous primary rheumatologic conditions. Among these, IgG4-related disease remains a challenging diagnosis, though one of vital importance given recent FDA approval of inebilizumab for treatment of such. This case demonstrates the value of early dural biopsy and exhaustive evaluation prior to determining idiopathic etiology in patients with hypertrophic pachymeningitis given the potential for aggressive phenotype of disease; reconsideration of diagnosis should be had for cases refractory to typical first line immunosuppression given recent therapeutic advances.",
        "Disclosures": "Michael J. McGill, MD: Dr. McGill has nothing to disclose.\nJerilyn Summay, MD: Dr. Summay has nothing to disclose.\nKelli Manikowski, DO: Mrs. Manikowski has nothing to disclose.\nStefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD: Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a rare neurologic disorder that can be secondary to numerous primary rheumatologic conditions. Among these, IgG4-related disease remains a challenging diagnosis, though one of vital importance given recent FDA approval of inebilizumab for treatment of such.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65373",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65373",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65374",
      "source_id": "65374",
      "abstract_number": "1-099",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-099",
      "title": "When Chronic Neck Pain Isn’t Mechanical: Neurosarcoidosis Revealed Through Extensive Myelitis",
      "authors": "Laura J. Green, MD; Brian J. Copeland, MD; Jesus Lovera, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Laura J. Green, MD",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Laura J. Green, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Laura J. Green",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "Ross University School of Medicine",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Green has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Brian J. Copeland, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Brian J. Copeland",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "LSU Health Sciences Center-New Orleans",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Copeland has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Teva Neurosciences. The institution of Dr. Copeland has received research support from Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jesus Lovera, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jesus Lovera",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "LSUHSC-New Orleans",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Lovera has nothing to disclose."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Laura J. Green",
        "Brian J. Copeland",
        "Jesus Lovera"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Ross University School of Medicine",
        "LSU Health Sciences Center-New Orleans",
        "LSUHSC-New Orleans"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Ross University School of Medicine",
        "LSU Health Sciences Center-New Orleans",
        "LSUHSC-New Orleans"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Laura J. Green, MD; Brian J. Copeland, MD; Jesus Lovera, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Ross University School of Medicine\nLSU Health Sciences Center-New Orleans\nLSUHSC-New Orleans",
        "Objective": "To present a case of neurosarcoidosis manifesting as extensive cervicothoracic myelitis and emphasize the importance of early recognition and treatment.",
        "Background": "A 31-year-old male with a 4-year history of neck pain and right-arm paresthesias, refractory to conservative treatments, presented with progressive radicular pain, worsening sensory symptoms, and upper motor neuron signs.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "Cervical and thoracic MRI demonstrated longitudinally extensive T2/STIR hyperintensity with enhancement from the medulla to T4, with additional lower thoracic lesions. CT chest revealed multiple pulmonary nodules and bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided lymph node biopsy confirmed non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, consistent with sarcoidosis. He was treated with 1 g IV methylprednisolone daily for 3 days, followed by an oral prednisone taper and long-term immunosuppression with adalimumab and methotrexate, resulting in significant functional recovery and complete resolution of radicular pain.",
        "Conclusions": "Spinal neurosarcoidosis is uncommon and typically presents as LETM, a pattern that overlaps with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and other inflammatory myelopathies, complicating diagnosis. MRI features such as dorsal subpial or pial enhancement-including the characteristic “trident sign”-may help differentiate sarcoid myelitis from other etiologies. Tissue confirmation of non-necrotizing granulomas remains essential and is most safely obtained from peripheral lymph nodes. High-dose corticosteroids are first-line therapy and often yield rapid improvement, while long-term agents such as methotrexate or TNF-α inhibitors (e.g., infliximab, adalimumab) are frequently required as maintenance therapy for disease control. Radiologic improvement may lag behind clinical response and often evolves over months to years. This case underscores the importance of considering neurosarcoidosis in patients presenting with unexplained vague symptoms and longitudinally extensive myelitis, especially when accompanied by pulmonary or lymphatic findings. Early recognition, biopsy confirmation, and prompt initiation of immunosuppressive therapy are critical for preventing irreversible neurologic deficits and achieving favorable clinical outcomes.",
        "Disclosures": "Laura J. Green, MD: Dr. Green has nothing to disclose.\nBrian J. Copeland, MD: Dr. Copeland has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving on a Speakers Bureau for Teva Neurosciences. The institution of Dr. Copeland has received research support from Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals.\nJesus Lovera, MD: Dr. Lovera has nothing to disclose."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Spinal neurosarcoidosis is uncommon and typically presents as LETM, a pattern that overlaps with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and other inflammatory myelopathies, complicating diagnosis. MRI features such as dorsal subpial or pial enhancement-including the characteristic “trident sign”-may help differentiate sarcoid myelitis from other etiologies.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65374",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65374",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 289
    },
    {
      "uid": "AAN-65375",
      "source_id": "65375",
      "abstract_number": "1-100",
      "citation_label": "P3 / 1-100",
      "title": "NMDAr Antibody Positivity Without Encephalitis in a Case of Isolated Neurosarcoidosis",
      "authors": "Kasyap Kondury; Usama Khan, MD; Jerilyn Summay, MD; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
      "presenting_author": "Kasyap Kondury",
      "author_details": [
        {
          "name": "Kasyap Kondury",
          "normalized_name": "Kasyap Kondury",
          "presenter": true,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Kasyap Kondury has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Usama Khan, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Usama Khan",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Jerilyn Summay, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Jerilyn Summay",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Summay has nothing to disclose."
        },
        {
          "name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
          "normalized_name": "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck",
          "presenter": false,
          "affiliation": "Indiana University",
          "disclosure": "Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
        }
      ],
      "normalized_authors": [
        "Kasyap Kondury",
        "Usama Khan",
        "Jerilyn Summay",
        "Stefanie J. Rodenbeck"
      ],
      "affiliations": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "normalized_institutions": [
        "Indiana University"
      ],
      "sections": {
        "Authors": "Kasyap Kondury; Usama Khan, MD; Jerilyn Summay, MD; Stefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD",
        "Affiliations": "Indiana University",
        "Objective": "We describe a case demonstrating the presence of NMDA receptor antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a patient with neurosarcoidosis.",
        "Background": "Sarcoidosis involves the nervous system in 5-10% of cases. Neurosarcoidosis has variable presentations including multiple cranial neuropathies, meningitis, and myelopathy. Neurosarcoidosis can be associated with multiple CSF biomarkers including elevated protein, increased IL-2r, and lymphocyte-predominant pleocytosis. While nearly 20% of patients with neurosarcoidosis have a concurrent autoimmune disorder, there are no cases in the literature of comorbid NMDAr-encephalitis.",
        "Design/Methods": "NA",
        "Results": "A 63-year-old female presented with a one-year history of increasing gait instability, bilateral lower extremity weakness, and diplopia. She had a remote history of renal cell carcinoma with negative surveillance imaging. MRIs of the neuroaxis showed extensive leptomeningeal enhancement of the superior cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord with intrathecal nerve root thickening. CSF analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, elevated ACE, and elevated IL-2r; NMDAr antibody was also positive. Infectious work up, cytology, and flow cytometry were negative. Dural biopsy was performed which was notable for non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. Despite high suspicion for isolated neurosarcoidosis, as NMDAr-antibody mediated disease can be paraneoplastic and given history of renal cell carcinoma, PET-CT was obtained which revealed enlarged subcarinal lymph node. Fine needle aspiration revealed benign pathology. Based on this comprehensive workup and as she did not have any features of encephalopathy or behavioral changes to suggest NMDAr-antibody mediated disease, a diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis was made. The patient was initiated on high-dose corticosteroid and infliximab with improvement in symptoms.",
        "Conclusions": "Despite biopsy favoring neurosarcoidosis, NMDAr antibodies in CSF were unexpected. Since NMDAr antibody testing in the CSF has significant specificity and antibodies can present with paraneoplastic syndromes, PET-CT was completed to rule out malignancy recurrence. Careful interpretation of clinical presentation, imaging, and CSF analysis is critical when diagnosing neuroinflammatory disease.",
        "Disclosures": "Kasyap Kondury: Kasyap Kondury has nothing to disclose.\nUsama Khan, MD: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose.\nJerilyn Summay, MD: Dr. Summay has nothing to disclose.\nStefanie J. Rodenbeck, MD: Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Alexion Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Amgen. Dr. Rodenbeck has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a interview appearance with TG Therapeutics."
      },
      "section_labels": [
        "Authors",
        "Affiliations",
        "Objective",
        "Background",
        "Design/Methods",
        "Results",
        "Conclusions",
        "Disclosures"
      ],
      "summary": "Despite biopsy favoring neurosarcoidosis, NMDAr antibodies in CSF were unexpected. Since NMDAr antibody testing in the CSF has significant specificity and antibodies can present with paraneoplastic syndromes, PET-CT was completed to rule out malignancy recurrence. Careful interpretation of clinical presentation, imaging, and CSF analysis is critical when diagnosing neuroinflammatory disease.",
      "session_type": "Scientific Poster Session",
      "session_types": [
        "Scientific Poster Session"
      ],
      "presentations": [
        {
          "id": "22377",
          "title": "P3 - Poster Session 3",
          "type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/Details/22377",
          "Date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
          "Time": "11:30 AM - 12:30 PM CDT",
          "Location": "Marriott Marquis Houston | Texas C",
          "Session Format": "This program will be presented in-person only",
          "On Demand": "This program is not expected to be available in the meeting's On Demand product.",
          "Event Type": "Scientific Poster Session",
          "Topic(s)": "Autoimmune Neurology",
          "CME Available": "No CME available"
        }
      ],
      "track": "Autoimmune Neurology",
      "display_date": "Saturday 08/08/26",
      "meeting": "2026 Autoimmune Neurology Conference",
      "source_pdf_url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65375",
      "url": "https://www.aan.com/msa/Public/Events/AbstractDetails/65375",
      "is_structured": true,
      "word_count": 296
    }
  ]
}